Development of the

Auditory System

Mechanisms ofsound localization

1. timing differences--onset and phase

Mechanisms ofsound localization

1. timing differences--onset and phase

2. intensity differences

Mechanisms ofsound localization

1. timing differences--onset and phase

2. intensity differences

3. spectral properties

4. monaural evaluation of spectral and intensity cues with scanning

Mechanisms ofsound localization

1. timing differences--onset and phase

2. intensity differences

3. spectral properties

All are used for best estimate of location

4. monaural evaluation of spectral and intensity cues with scanning

Mechanisms ofsound localization

1. timing differences--onset and phase

2. intensity differences

3. spectral properties

All are used for best estimate of location

Knudsen, E.I. (1984) Trends Neurosci., 7, 326-330.

Y-cordsNo aids

Knudsen, E.I. (1984) Trends Neurosci., 7, 326-330.

Knudsen, E.I. (1984) Trends Neurosci., 7, 326-330.

Knudsen, E.I. & Knudsen, P.F.(1985) Science, 230, 545-548.

Knudsen, E.I. & Knudsen, P.F. (1985)Science, 230, 545-548.

Knudsen, E.I. & Knudsen, P. F. (1986) J. Neurosci., 7, 1918-1924.

Critical Periods?

Up to 70 days

Up to 200 days

Up to 200 days

Open ended

Smallindividualcages

Largegroupaviary

Prismintroduced

Prismremoved

Adapted from: Brainard, M.S. & Knudsen, E.I. (1998)J. Neurosci., 18, 3929-3942