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Copyright © Siemens AG 2008. All rights reserved.

GHGT-9 Conference, Washington D.C., U.S.A.November 18th, 2008

Dr. Tobias JockenhövelSiemens Sector EnergyFossil Power Generation

Development of an Economic Post-Combustion Carbon Capture Process

Page 2 November 2008 Sector EnergyDr. Tobias JockenhövelCopyright © Siemens AG 2008. All rights reserved.

Instrumentation & Control Systems

Chemical Engineering

O&M Services

CO2 Compression

Air Quality Control

Proprietary 2nd generation post-combustion process

Power Plant Technology

Siemens competencies for fossil power generation with carbon capture

Alliance with POWERSPAN


Ammonia

MEA

Amino acid Amino acid salt

CH

NCH

R

R’O

O

K+ -

NH

HH

CH

NCH

R

R’OH

O

Salts have no vapor pressure

Negative ion is less sensitive to O2

Amino acids are naturally present

• No thermodynamic solvent emissions

• Not inflammable• Not explosive• Odorless• No inhalation risk

• Low degradation• Biodegradable• Nontoxic• Environmentally

friendly

CH

2

NHOCH2

H

H

Amino acid salt is the basis of our solvent

Solvents based on amino acid salts are economic, have low environmental impact and are easy to handle.

No vapor pressure

Chemically stable

Naturally present


Precipitation is an option

for next-generation (2nd+) solvent

Preferred reaction mode

OHH

Amino acid salt

+

Low

temperature

Carbamate salt

+

Heat

pH

+O=C=OO=C=O

OHH

OHH

OHH

Carbonate salt

Desorber

Absorber

COOKR NH

CH

R‘

COOK

Amino acid salt

Reaction mechanism for absorption and desorption of CO2 with amino acid salt

Intermediate reaction products fulfill the same HSE standard as amino acid salts.

Bicarbonate salt2 +

C C

O

O R'

H

N +H

R

HK +

C

O

OOH

C C

O

O R'

H

N+

H

R

HK

+

C

O

OO 2

C CO

O R'

H

NC

R

O

OK+

C CO

O R'

H

N+

H

R

HK

+

C CO

O R'

H

NH

R

K+


Absorption column with operating

pressure up to 10 barReboiler made of glass so that boiling retardation effects can be recognized

Desorption column

Siemens lab plant for CO2 capture tests at Frankfurt Hoechst Industrial Park

Siemens Energy runs a fully automated lab plant for CO2 capture for 24/7 operation.

Fully automated DCS system

NDIR CO2 analytic

Synthetic gas flue gas mixtures


-280 MWth

500 MWth

-100 MWth50 MWel-240 MWth

3.5 GJ/ton CO2 captured

-90 MWth

5 MWel3 MWel

3 MWel

40-45°C 90-105°C

CO2 concentration 99% pressure 120-200 bar

approx. 120°C

Non-CCS reference plant:• SSP5-6000 (800 MWel,net,

600°C/610°C/270bar)• Hard coal• Net efficiency 45.7% without

CCS• 1750 €/kWel,net (2008)

Standard process design for absorption and desorption of CO2

With standard process layout, the efficiency is 10.4%-pts. lower thanthe reference hard-coal fired power plant.

-6.6%-pts.

• Heating up solvent

• Desorption of CO2• Evaporation of

reflux water

-3.1%-pts.

-0.4%-pts.

-0.3%-pts.

High absorption rate

Stringent environmental requirements are easily met

Low degradation (O2)

Solvent slip nearly zero

Siemens CO2 compressorsolutions

Low energy demand


FG C

oole

r

F101

a/b

F102

a/b

Abso

rber

Des

orbe

r

Pilot plant at an E.ON hard coal steam power plant in Germany, start-up 08/2009

Most critical step in the development is the validation of the process in a pilot plant under real flue gas conditions

Flue gas long-term experience: stability, emissions, corrosion

Operating parameters: start-up, part load, …

Further model validation

Tests for next-generation solvents

Expected pilot plant results

Standard process layout is used in the first pilot plant for better comparison of results.

Water quenching with optional KOH dosing desulphurization

DN200industrial packing150 Nm3/h slip stream

DN150Atmospheric pressure


Further process improvements in several development fields are ongoing

Potential improvements of advanced process configuration and integration of CO2 compression decreases the efficiency drop to 9.2 %-pts.

Improved design∆ η -9.2%-pts.2.3 GJ/ton CO2

Equipment Optimization

Efficiency

Investment CostsScale-Up

• Pressure drop• Type of equipment (e.g. packing)

• Size• Material

• Large distributors• Train concept • Heat integration

• Split loop configuration

Process ConfigurationProcess

Optimization

Power Plant Integration

Process Conditions

• Low temperature heat integration• Adaption of turbine operating characteristics

• Pump around• Desorber pressure• Process temp.

Solvent Optimization

Corrosiveness Chemical Stability

Kinetics

• Additives• Structure of solvent

• Additives• Structure of solvent

• Activation• Enhanced mass transfer

Capacity

• Concentration of AAS• Solubility• New functional AAS

Lab-proven


Layout of a steam power plant with carbon capture and cost estimations

Focus of the development is to ensure a successful power plant operation.

Investment costs capture plant 300 to 400 million Euro (800 MW el, net)

Solvent costs: 5 € / liter for small quantities

Solvent degradation:approx. 75% less than MEA

Technical informationEconomic information

Efficiency drop:10.4%-pts. with standard process design9.2%-pts. with improved process design

Footprint capture plant: 20,000 to 40,000 m²


2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Start-up pilot plant with E.ON

(hard coal)

Plant dynamics: From base load to transient load

conditions

Commissioning of full scale CCS

demo plant

Pilot plant with other fuel (e.g. natural

gas or lignite)

2008

Lab plant, continuous operation

Improved process layout: 9.2%-pts efficiency drop

Standard process layout:10.4%-pts efficiency drop

new

Major next steps on the way to a full scale post-combustion demo plant

Amino acid salt post-combustion process has major advantages and improvement potential for a commercially viable CCS plant.

Ready for basic engineering (FEED)


Contact Data

Freyeslebenstr. 191058 ErlangenGermany

Dr. Tobias Jockenhövel

Department HeadInnovative Plant Concepts

[email protected]

Phone: +49 (9131) 18-5363Mobile: +49 (173) 5395164

Hoechst Industrial Park65926 Frankfurt am MainGermany

Dr. Rüdiger Schneider

Department HeadChemical Processes

[email protected]

Phone: +49 (69) 305-84468Mobile: +49 (173) 2183191

The present results have been obtained within the POSTCAP project, funded by the German BMWi(funding code 0327778) as a part of the COORETEC initiative.

Hoechst Industrial Park


Disclaimer

This document contains forward-looking statements and information – that is, statements related to future, not past, events. These statements may be identified either orally or in writing by words as “expects”, “anticipates”, “intends”, “plans”, “believes”, “seeks”, “estimates”, “will” or words of similar meaning. Such statements are based on our current expectations and certain assumptions, and are, therefore, subject to certain risks and uncertainties. A variety of factors, many of which are beyond Siemens’ control, affect its operations, performance, business strategy and results and could cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Siemens worldwide to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements that may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. For us, particular uncertainties arise, among others, from changes in general economic and business conditions, changes in currency exchange rates and interest rates, introduction of competing products or technologies by other companies, lack of acceptance of new products or services by customers targeted by Siemens worldwide, changes in business strategy and various other factors. More detailed information about certain of these factors is contained in Siemens’ filings with the SEC, which are available on the Siemens website, www.siemens.com and on the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described in the relevant forward-looking statement as anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended, planned or projected. Siemens does not intend or assume any obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements in light of developments which differ from those anticipated.

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Development of an Economic Post-Combustion Carbon Capture ... · Development of an Economic Post-Combustion Carbon Capture Process. ... Chemical Engineering O&M Services CO ... from