Japan-Danish Future Green Technology Workshop p gy p

Development and Standardization of Smart Grid and Smart Community in Japanand Smart Community in Japan

coontrol

December 10 , 2012 December 10 , 2012 @ @ Fukuoka JapanKyushu UniversityKyushu UniversityTadahiroTadahiro GodaGodaTadahiroTadahiro GodaGoda

Table of ContentsTable of Contents

1 T d ’ E it ti f J1. Today’s Energy situation of Japan

2. Japanese Roadmap of Smart GridStandardizationStandardization

3 C t Sit ti f SG i J3. Current Situation of SG in Japan

1. Today’s Energy situation of Japan(1) Energy Situation of Before and After Earthquake(1) Energy Situation of Before and After Earthquake(1)  Energy Situation of Before and After Earthquake (1)  Energy Situation of Before and After Earthquake 

a) Before the Great East Japan Earthquake

We have high reliability of power distribution grid No urgent need for improvement of grid 160

min

b) After the Great East Japan Earthquake57

100

60

80

100

120

140

We are facing -Energy supply shortage Problems

Lack of energy capacity

16 12

37

57

0

20

40

60

Japan U.S.A.（N.Y.）

U.S.A.（California）

Germany France U.K.

Lack of energy capacity All nuclear power plants(54 unit) were shut down on 5th May 2012.But 2 nuclear plants of KEPCO start running from this summer. Need to reduce electricity consumptionNeed to reduce electricity consumption‘Electricity Supply-Demand Measures for this Summer’ was prepared by the Electricity Supply-Demand Review Committee and the Energy

d E i t C il M 18 2012and Environment Council on May 18,2012.

Generator Capacity and Peak Demand in Japan at 2009

啘煜鑱

H kk id

橄啘

T h k

橄傞

T k

倥阨

Ch b

啘鬴

H k ik

驝蹛

K i

倥奵

Ch k

奘奵

Shik k

偓恍

K h

嚧軑

Hokkaidou Tohoku Tokyo Chubu Hokuriku Kansai Chugoku Shikoku Kyushu Sum.

(1)Generator Capacity[万kW]

934 3656 7:5: 45:6 2132 479: 2585 2128 358: 345:3

(2)Peak Demand[万kW]

68: 2668 6::: 381: 684 41:6 2312 6:8 2861 28744

(3)Generator Capacity ofNuclear Power

[万kW]

318 438 2952 461 437 :88 239 313 637 5995

(4)Remaining Power=(1)-(2)

( Include Nuclear )[万kW]

355 :99 :61 897 559 6:5 384 531 83: 696:

[万kW]

(5) Remaining Power=(1)-(2)-(3)

( Without Nuclear )

48 772 .9:2 547 233 .494 256 329 314 :86

( Without Nuclear )[万kW]

Nuclear Power  Generation  Plant  in  Japan before  Earthquake  2011 

‐‐ OperationB ilding‐‐ Building

‐‐ Planning

(2)  Japanese Challenges (2)  Japanese Challenges ( ) p g( ) p gWe Japanese are Challenging many items, such as

How to avoid rolling blackout?- How to avoid rolling blackout?- Further promotion of energy efficiency - Broad introduction of renewable energy

H t d t li f d i di t ?- How to ensure adequate supplies of energy during disasters?

Constrained Condition : Reduction greenhouse gasg g

We Need to disseminate the idea of “Smart and StrongWe Need to disseminate the idea of Smart and StrongGrid” and “Smart Community” Most important element is renewable energy resource. p gy

(3)Installation Plans of Renewable Energy Resource

UnitEnd of 2005 End of 2020 End of 2030

Actual Achievement

Plan PlanAchievement

PVGℓ 0.35 7.00 13.00

GW 1.42 28.00 53.21GW 1.42 28.00 53.21

WTGℓ 0.44 2.00 2.69

GW 1.08 4.91 6.61

Waste Power Generation & Biomass Power Generation

Gℓ 2.52 3.93 4.94

GW 2.23 3.50 4.40

Biomass Heat Utilization Gℓ 1.42 3.30 4.23

Others Gℓ 6.87 7.63 7.16

Total Gℓ 11.60 23.86 32.02

Note Peak Demand in Japan (2009 base ) 180GWNote:  Peak  Demand  in  Japan (2009  base )             180GWMaximum  Capacity  in  Japan (2009 base)     240GW

Definition of Smart Grid and Smart Community 

Smart Community( Total Infrastructure : Electric‐Power Heat Gas Transportation Water etc.)( Total Infrastructure : Electric Power Heat Gas Transportation Water etc.)

Smart Grid ( Utilities and Customer )( Energy Network : Electric‐Power Heat & Gas )( gy )

Smart Grid ( Utilities and Customer )( Electric‐Power Network )

Distributed Generator

Micro Grid( Local Energy Network )

Distributed  Generator( PV WT FC Biomass  etc.)  

(4) Basic System Configuration of Micro‐grid(4) Basic System Configuration of Micro‐grid

Electric Power Utilities

Energy Balance Control

Small Power Supply Network

Energy Balance Controlin small area

P Li

Power flow control on tie line

Power Line

Power GeneratorUsing RES

PowerStorage

HeatStorage

Co-generationequipment

HeatLoad

PowerLoad

Energy Management System

Information Net ork

Steam and/or hot-waters pipe

Information Network

SchoolsCity Hall Office Bldg

(4) System overview of Hachinohe‐City Micro Grid (4) System overview of Hachinohe‐City Micro Grid 

(60kW,50kW,50kW,50kW)y

(360kW)g

(40kW)

Utility Grid

Electricity

Before Microgrid installationP i t li (5 4k )

Utility Grid

gPrivate line(5.4km)

PV(80kW)*WT(20kW)

Battery(100kW)

Control SystemGas Engines(170kWx3)

Gas tank

(170kWx3)

Wood boiler(1t/h)

Gas Boiler(4t/h)

Heat

DigestionChamber

Digestion Gas(Methane)

Sewage Plant *Another 50kV PV system is installed in this March.

PV Technology Demonstration Project

W kk i D t ti itOta City Demonstration Site

Number of PV-equipped houses: 553

Wakkanai Demonstration site

Total PV capacity: 2,129 kWAverage capacity per house: 3.85 kW

Demonstration Project on Grid-interconnection of Cl t d PV P G ti S tClustered PV Power Generation Systems (FY2002-FY2007)

Wakkanai site 5 MW: Most PV cells are crystalline.NaS battery: 1500 kW-7.2hrs

11

Verification of Grid Stabilization with Large-scale PV Power Generation Systems (FY2006-FY2010)

High dependence on grid‐connected power

(5) Smart Community Demonstration Project

2 K ih

High dependence on grid connected power (centralized control)

1: City of Yokohama2: Keihanna

Kyoto Pref., Kansai Electric Power., Osaka Gas, OMRON, Mitsubishi H I d i Mi bi hi

City of Yokohama, Toshiba, Panasonic Hitachi Meidensha

Housing subdivision type project

Heavy Industries, Mitsubishi Electric, Mitsubishi Motors, et al. Wide‐area, 

major urban type project

Panasonic, Hitachi, Meidensha Corporation, Nissan, Tokyo Gas, 

Tokyo Electric Power, et al.

Comprehensive control over multiple sectors

3: Toyota City

Single‐family home type project

Control over single sector (households) only

Regional core city type project4 2

34: City of Kitakyushu

3: Toyota City

City of Kitakyushu, Fuji Electric Systems, Japan IBM, Nippon 

l l

Toyota City, Toyota Motor, Chubu Electric Power, Denso Corporation, 

Sharp Fujitsu et al

4 21

Low dependence on grid‐

Steel, NTT West, et al.Sharp, Fujitsu, et al. 

p gconnected power 

(distributed control)

4

Renewable Energy Home Energy Management System

FUKUOKA Island City Project

Renewable Energy Home Energy Management System

新青果市場Mega PV System

U i t tibl P S l

Smart House Zero CO2 Emission Town

Uninterruptible Power Supply

太陽光発電 蓄電池太陽光発電 蓄電池

Floating Type WT Gen.

Community EMS

照葉小中学校

N T t ti S t

し尿

Biomass Generationアイランドシティ イメージパース

Community EMSNew Transportation System

V2H & V2G SystemCar Sharing by IT 電動 Bus

Zero  CO2  Emission  Town  in  Island‐City, FUKUOKA  

Energy saving ‐ Heat  insulating  house‐ Energy saving  device( LED, High efficiency air conditioner etc. )

Dispersed power system‐ PV System  5kW/house  ( 178 houses)‐ 10 houses which have PV,FC and BT 

（代表提案者） ・社団法人 九州住宅建設産業協会

・積水House株式会社事業主事業主

積水House株式会社

協力者協力者 自治体・大学自治体・大学

・西部Gas株式会社 ・福岡市

・九州大学

(6) Japan’s Smart Community RoadmapTo address the 3Es simultaneously, it is important to realize the best mix of power sources by introducing large‐scale RE utilizing storage. This roadmap illustrates a future social system in Japan  aiming at, concentrating on regional EMS and lifestyle changes, under such an energy supply structure. 

(3E : Environment・Energy Security・Economy )

T d Y 2020 2020 2030 2030

■ Cost competitiveness of RE will improve as fossil fuel prices increase by more than double. Use of RE will be prioritized and nuclear power will be

■ Due to a decline in PV prices, more PV systems will be installed at houses. ■ Regional EMS, which contribute to

■ Solar panel prices will decrease significantly due to large-scale introduction of panels to houses as well as commercial buildings.

Today - Year 2020 2020 - 2030 2030 -

p pused as a base. ■ EMS that can provide an optimized balance in terms of economy and security between regional EMS and grid will be established.■ EMS that creates demand

g ,effective use of RE generated at houses, will become more important.■ Regional EMS will be realized as storage cells become cheaper andare further disseminated.■ Distribution and

Relationbetween regionalEMS and

g■ Measures to maintain the quality of electricity while the large-scale introduction of PV will be carried out mainly for the grid side. Storage cells will be installed at substations. ■ As regional EMS are further ■ EMS that creates demand

by charging EVs at the time of excessive RE, and supplies energy to gridat high demand, will be used.

GEGE

GEGE

GEGE

■ Distribution and transmission networks that enable two-way communication between demand side and grid sidewill be actively established.

GE

entiregrid

■ As regional EMS are further demonstrated, technology and know-how will be accumulated. ■ The cost of storage cells will go down due to technology development and demonstration.

GEGE

GEGE

■ Remote reading using smart meters will start.■ HEMS will be disseminated. Some

■ HEMS and regional EMS will be integrated. All power generated at houses will be used optimally.

■ A fully-automated HEMS will be realized.

Houses houses will install home servers. Demand response demonstration will start.■ Demonstration of EVs will start.

p y■ Various services using home servers will be disseminated.■ EVs will be used for power storage as well.

Buildings■ ZEB introduction will start.ZEB: Zero Emission Building

■ ZEB will lead to a greatly reduced level of emissions for all new buildings as a group.

■ ZEB will be realized at new public buildings.

15

(7) Enforcement of policy : Feed-in Tariff

Summary of the Feed‐in Tariff Scheme for Renewable Energy

a) Electric utilities will be obliged to purchase electricitygenerated from renewable energy sources- Photovoltaic wind power Small and medium scale hydraulicPhotovoltaic, wind power, Small and medium scale hydraulic power, Geothermal power, Biomass

- fixed price : ￥42～￥57.75（TBD) / kWhfi d i d t t 10 20 （TBD)- fixed-period contract : 10～20years（TBD)

b) Surcharge for renewable energy) g gy

c) Start : July 1st, 2012.

5

(1) Contribution to international standardization2. Japanese Roadmap of Standardization

a) “Study Group on International Standardization for Next Generation Energy Systems” was set up to deliberate road map for Japan’s contribution for

(1) Contribution to international standardization

y p p pinternational standardization activity in Smart Grid area.

b) The road map was released on January 2010.

Recommendations

(1) Contribute to the international standardization activities(1) Draw a future-

focused big picture

Road map on Smart Grid standardization

‐ Discussion Step ‐ -Recommendations-

focused big picture

(2) To Identify - business- use case

Examine a comprehensive smart grid international standardization strategy

(2) Collaborate with other countries;- Collaborate with NIST- Exchange information with CENELEC

(3) Implement policy; - Standardization road map with R&D,

use case- key systems

(3) To Analyze- strength

Identify 26 focus areas including control equipment in distributed power supplies and equipment for EV

(4) Establish private-sector smart grid

pilot projects, and other measures- weakness and equipment for EV charging infrastructure

Establish an international standardization roadmap

(4) To Identify - priority areas

( ) p gimplementation consortium(5) To Analyze

- overseas market

standardization roadmap

8

(2) Future-focused big picturea) Smart Grid is “System of systems”a) Smart Grid is System of systems . b) Interoperability makes it possible for smart grid to work securely and effectively.c) Standards are essential enabling to have interoperable systems and components.

Nuclearpower plant Thermal

power plant

Factories Office buildings

Houses

Transformer Substation

Houses

IT Network

Hydroelectric power plant

Buildingwith solar power

Commercial facility

Electric Power Grid

Control System Charging

station for EVs

Storage b with solar power,

gas cogeneration and storage

battery system

Solar power panel

batteryEnergy storage facilities

Storage battery

Windpower plant

S l

Smart meter

controlbattery

Solarpower plant House

with solar power systemand storage battery system

Flow of electricity

meter

Storage battery

Electric Vehicle

7

(3) 26 Focus Areas Identified by the Study Group26 Focus Area are categorized to 6 field : WASA, BT‐system, EMS, DR, EV and AMIg , y , , ,

1. Wide-Area Situational Awareness (WASA) 14. Stationary energy storage systems

2 Grid storage application 15 Storage cell modules2 . Grid storage application 15. Storage cell modules3 . Distribution network storage application 16. Methods for evaluating the residual value of

energy storage for EV

4 Building/community energy storage 17 Quick EV charger-vehicle communications4 . Building/community energy storage application

17. Quick EV charger-vehicle communications

5 . High-efficiency inverters for energy storage 18. Quick EV charger connectors6 . Distribution Automation Systems 19. Quick EV charger unit design6 . Distribution Automation Systems 19. Quick EV charger unit design7 . Inverters for distributed energy

resource20. Safety testing of lithium-ion batteries for

vehicles8 . Power electronic devices for distribution 21. Vehicle-to-EV charger infrastructure

networkg

communications9. Demand response 22. EV charging control from Grid10. HEMS 23. Wide-area meter communications11. BEMS 24. Local meter communications12. FEMS 25. Gas metering for AMI systems13. EMS for the community 26. Authentication method between meter

9

ycommunicators and higher-level systems

3. Current Situation of SG in Japan（１） Organization（１） Organization

JSCA was established at 2010( JSCA : Japan Smart Community Alliance )

Subcommittee on Smart Grid International Standardization was established at 2012

Japanese Industrial Standards Committee

JSCA（organized by NEDO）

( JSCA : Japan Smart Community Alliance )

Technical Committee

Standards Board

Conformity Assessment

Board

Exchange informationt t iInternational Strategy WG

Chair： ToshibaMember：ITOCHU, Tokyo Gas, Toshiba, Toyota, JGC, Panasonic, Hitachi, Mitsubishi Electric

Subcommittee on Smart Grid I t ti l St d di ti

Technical Committeeon International Affairs

Report

• strategies• progress reports etc

International Strategy WG

Roadmap WG

Smart House WG

Provide recommendation

IEC/SG3 Japan’s

International Standardization Smart House WG

International Standardization WG

Related TC

Related TC

Related TC

IEC/SG3 Japan smirror committee

Storagecell

SWG

Power and electric grid management

SWG

EMSSWG

Next generation

vehicle SWG

Communication interface

SWGSWG SWG SWG

12

Status of this Subcommittee under JICS

- “Subcommittee on Smart Grid International Standardization” was establishedunder JISC in early 2012.y

- Member ; Chair professor Yokoyama, Tokyo University,Vice Chair Dr. Hayashi, Toshiba, and members from:Hitachi, Panasonic, TEPCO, KEPCO, Japan Automobile Manufactures Association,K h U i iKyushu University

- Object of this Subcommittee,i 26 it- improve 26 items

- make a roadmap for important areas- system approach

standards and regulations- standards and regulations- certification- contributing international standardization

11

(2) Japan Smart Community Alliance

BoardChair： ToshibaBoard Hitachi ITOCHU JGC Mitsubishi Electric Panasonic TEPCO Tokyo Gas Toyota

Steering Committee

Board：Hitachi, ITOCHU, JGC, Mitsubishi Electric, Panasonic, TEPCO, Tokyo Gas, Toyota

Secretariat：NEDO ( New Energy and Industrial Development Organization )

International Strategy WGThis working group will identify domestic and global smart grid trends and JSCA will then share such information with international organizations. It will also study and develop strategies to support Japanese companies in their international deployment activities

International Standardization WG

international deployment activities.

With the aim of achieving international smart grid standardization, this working group will facilitate practical activities i diff t C ll b ti ti iti ith i ti i E d th U it d St t ill l b i d t

Roadmap WG

in different areas. Collaborative activities with organizations in Europe and the United States will also be carried out.

This working group will prepare a roadmap for smart grid technology development. In addition, it will promote t h l d l t t f i l t b d l i i f t ti i t i hi h

Smart House WG

technology development as part of a social system by developing a scenario for a next-generation society in which smart grid-related technologies have been disseminated.

22

With a view to early commercialization of smart house technologies, this working group will review an information infrastructure (platform) that will enable visualization and monitoring of home energy use evaluation as a basic consumer service.

(3) Japan’s  activity of international standardization on Smart Grid under JSCA

JSCA（Secretariat : NEDO）

Smart Grid under JSCA

International Standardization Working Group

NextE

International Standardization Working Group

EnergyStorage

Sub-Working Group (WG1)

Next Generation Automobile

Sub-Working Group

Transmission & Distribution

Sub-Working Group (WG2)

Energy Management

System Sub-Working G (WG3)

Communication Interface

Sub-Working Group (WG5)Group (WG1) p

(WG4)Group (WG2)

Group (WG3)Group (WG5)

#2-5, #1, #9-13, #17-19,TF1

#14-16 #6-8 #23-26 #20-22TF7

PCS Team

23& Support for IEC,IEEE,SGIP/PAP etc.Follow activity of 26 Technical items

PCS  Team

(4)  Standardization Activity of PCS in few years(a) First Step  ( From 2010  to  2011 )‐ Japanese Standard of Active Unintentional Islanding Detection Method for Grid‐Connected PV  Generator  was developed  by  JEMA. (NOTE) JEMA: Japan Electrical Manufactures  Association 

Project  Implementation  Structure

Total block diagram of Unintentional Islanding Detection Method 

Calculatoin Of fundtalamenta

Voltagel

25

(b) Second Step  ( From 2012  to  ? )

‐We Japanese start survey of PCS‐function to make JapaneseStandard  From July 2012.

‐ Project Implementation  Structure

METIMETI

MRI Member: CRIEPI MeidenshaMRI

Kyushu  Exploratory 

Member: CRIEPI  Meidensha  Hitachi  Panasonic  TMEIC  Fuji  YasukawaObserver:METI NEDO FEPC

‐Schedule Survey

University CommitteeObserver: METI  NEDO  FEPCJEMA

Literature search

National search

overseas research

comparative analysis

July   October November January March

(NOTE) Operation Mode of Local Grid (Japanese Case)

Interconnection Mode

Islanding Mode

Intentional Islanding Unintentional Mode Intentional Islanding Islanding

Main Grid Main Grid Main Grid

Local Grid (A)

L DG

Local Grid (B)

L DG

Local Grid (B)

L

Local Grid (A)

L DG

Local Grid (B)

L

Local Grid (A)

L

L : Load DG : Distributed Generator

Local Grid (B) does not Local Grid (B) supply

Local Grid (A)Local Grid (B) ( )

─Local Grid (B) does not supply electric power to Local Grid (A)

Local Grid (B) supply electric power to Local Grid (A).

Copyright (C) The Japan Electrical Manufacturers’ Association

Normal operation mode Normal operation mode Abnormal operation

mode

Thank You For Your Attention

Zero  CO2  Emission  Town  in  Island‐City  FUKUOKA