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Designing novel catalysts for
transformation of natural gas into high
added value products
Elad GrossInstitute of Chemistry
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Natural Gas Reserves in Israel
• In the years 2009-2010 the Tamar, Dalit and Leviathan were discovered
• The natural gas reserves of Israel are estimated to be 31 TCF (Trillion Cubic Feet)
• Additional gas fields were recently discovered (Tanin, Shimshon and Dolphin)
Tamar drilling platform
Current use of natural gas
Power and heat generation Burning
CO + H2
Decomposition
Ammonia
Methanol
Fuels
Fuels
Chemicals
High added-value
products
Natural gas
Natural gas
Current use of natural gas
Power and heat generation Burning
CO + H2
Decomposition
Ammonia
Methanol
Fuels
Fuels
Chemicals
Natural gas
Natural gas
No direct transformation of
natural gas into valuable
commodities
methane is currently a
highly underutilized
resource
Methanol Generation Methanol to Gasoline
Synthetic
gas
(CO, H2)Gasoline
14,500 BPD plant in New Plymouth New Zealand.
Plant ownership 75% NZ Government and 25% ExxonMobil
Methane into chemicals
CH4
(Natural gas)
Indirect route (currently used in industry)
More than 50% of the capital cost in methanol formation
resides in the syngas formation
Methanol
Fuels (gasoline)
Chemicals
(DME, acetic acid)
Direct route
Architecturally-designed
Catalysts
CH4
(Natural gas)
Catalysts help transform molecular building
blocks into useful products
From Natural resources to high added-value products
Catalysts
Metals
Oxides
Gas
Coal
Rubber
Wood
Minerals
Salts
Oxygen
Nitrogen
From Natural resources into high
added-value products
Fertilizers
Plastics
Rubber
Fuel
The structure of heterogeneous catalyst
5 nm
2 nm
Advantages: Recyclable, robust, highly
controllable structure.
Metal
Metal-oxide
Molecular factors that direct the catalytic reactivity
Size Structure Composition Support
Bottom-up approach: Tailor-made catalysts with designated catalytic reactivity
Molecular factors that direct the catalytic reactivity
Size Structure Composition Support
1 nm
Molecular factors that direct the catalytic reactivity
Size Structure Composition Support
CubesCuboctahedra
{100}{111}{100}{111}
Octahedra
Molecular factors that direct the catalytic reactivity
Size Structure Composition Support
Rh0.2Pd0.8 Rh0.5Pd0.5 Rh0.8Pd0.2
50 nm50 nm
2.5 nm Pt50Rh50 4 nm Pt50Rh50 7 nm Pt50Rh50
20 nm 20 nm 20 nm
50 nm50 nm50 nm
Molecular factors that direct the catalytic reactivity
Size Structure Composition Support
10 nm
Co
Pt
20 nm
Pt/Co3O4
20 nm 10 nm
10 nm2 nm
Co
Pt
Methane into high added-value chemicals
Methanol
Dimethyl Ether
Light OlefinsArchitecturally-designed
catalyst
Methane
(Natural Gas)
Thank you!
Elad GrossInstitute of Chemistry
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
