#CProfessor Maria Jose Marcos

Design Studio 6

INTERVIEWS9 MIXED-USED CASESDETAILED CASE STUDYUNBLOCKING DIAGRAM

Interview about my own knowledge by Lew Kyunghyun

inter-viewsWhere are you from?I�m from Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Where are you living during the Academic year? I�m living in Bangbae-dong, Seoul.

Which city would love to live in? I want to live in Chicago.Which is your hobby?I have several hobbies. Making models such as airplanes, warships. Driving and fi x or tunning my car. Take a trip and take some pictures, and also fi x my camera. Riding bicycle.

Which is your lever of English?Middle. I�m not good at English.

Which are your two favorite architects in Korea and why?None. But I believe wonderful korean archi-tect will show up soon.

Which are your two favorite architects in the world and why?Yona Friedman. He is the origin of Metabo-lism and plug in architects, and his work is one of the ultimate future fl exible architec-ture in the word.Frak Gery. He makes a sculpture and put programs in it.

Which are the two building you considered as best architecture project in Korea and why?Casa del agua. I�m so impress about the detail and lights. Glass House. I like a building looks like bridge of a ship.

Which are the two building you considered as a best architecture project in the World and why?ST. Sophia. I love the shape of it and it�s huge and high roof space with lights.Walt diseny hall. I love the shape of it.

Which is the best project you have designed in your previous years?Tetris house, I did it at second grade.

Which is the best strategy you to design you have learnt in your previous years?Think the human. Just it. All my strategy is from it.

What is your favorite tool to design and Why?My hand and knife. I can use 3d tools, but it has more boundaries then my hand.

Why do you want to be an architect? Or what is the best to be an architect?I�m happy when i�m designing the architec-ture. That�s the reason why i�m still learning th architecture.

interviewer Cha JIuen

WRITE HERE ON CAPITAL,BETWEEN dots ASPECTSYOU HAVE LEARNT DURING THE INTERVIEWEXAMPLES.TOOLS.WHATiLIKE.WHATiWANTtobe.

LewKyunghyun

Post-productionuseWapping project was a facility to send water to power station. The pump was powerd by coal. As time passes, wapping facil-ity curtail it�s operation. In 1977, Wapping facility fi nally stopped. This facility was abandoned for 23 years. In 2000, Wapping fa-cility was renovated as cultural center has gallery, cafe, restau-rant, and bookstore.

Mixed-use building 01#

FANCY PLACE IS KEYOF RENOVATING

Wapping project, London. United Kingdom Jules Wright. 2000

Post-productionusePromenade plantee was a abandoned railway renovated to park and retails. Ther is a park and trails on the top, and re-tails are under the deck. This is successful case about renovate abandoned railway, �The High Line project� refered this case.

Mixed-use building 02#

TRANSPORT THE ART

Promenade plantee, Paris, France Philippe Mathieux & Jacques Vergely. 1995

Post-productionuse798 art district was weapon factories designed by German and Soviet engineers. In 1950s, factories are shut downed, and Chi-nese government decided to build apartments in this area. But artists and citizens in Beijing are opposed to government and renovate this abandoned area. Finally this area become meca of artists, so government gived up to build apartments.

Mixed-use building 03#

WHAT PEOPLENEEDED

Art district 798 , Beijing, China. Beijing Citizens, 2006

Simultaneously MixedusedBryghusgrunden is just a plan by OMA. Designing this building, fi rst modify the ground for pedestrians. Second, measure the size of each programs. And put all programs on the ground. This can be a basic of making a mixed use building.

Mixed-use building 04#

CLEAR PROCESS

Bryghusgurnden. Copenaghen, Denmark Rem Koolhas, 2006

Simultaneously MixedusedIIT student center was designed by OMA. Rem think about the existing thinsgs, such as railway and students. Rem researched the route of students, and place the masses to avoid the route. And cover the railways to make noise reduced.

Mixed-use building 05#

EXISTING THINGS

IIT Student Center, Chicago, Illinois Rem koolhas 1997

Simultaneously MixedusedThe harvest tower is self-suffi cient building. Put animals such as cows, pigs, fi shs and raise them. Generate by aerogenerator . The products are sell at lower level, where is directly linked to subway.

Mixed-use building 06#

VARIATION OFPROGRAMS

Harvest tower, Vencouver, Canada Architect or offi ce Name. Year building

Futureflexibility

Millineum dom is designed as empty space for every programs. But this has too big space to put programs. England govern-ment hard to pay lots of budget to maintain this facility. They consider to blow up this facility, fortunatly american business man take over it.

Mixed-use building 07#

EASY WAYHARD RESULT

Millenium Dome, London, United Kingdom Richard Rogers. 1999

Futureflexibility

Metastadt is a prefab system to make fl exible housing and retails. This structure can grow if users needed. This system shows in real but soon destructed because the technical skills to make prefab structures accurately. This occurs problems to not only hard to assemble but also hard to grow. The prototype was demolished at 1980s.

Mixed-use building 08#

DREAM BECOME TURE FOR A SEC

Metastadt Richard Dietrich

Futureflexibility

Yona�s space city was a fresh idea to solve the problems of modern cities. Use the megastructures which can contains self-assembly housings and offi ces. This idea infl uenced to Metabo-lism, plug in city, also Metastadt.

Mixed-use building 09#

NOW IT’S UP TO YOU!

La ville Spatiale Yona Friedman. 1957

BRIEF INTRODUCING THE BUILDIGN.

What do you the most important virtue that mixed use buildings must have? I think the fl ex-ible plans are the most important. If the mixed use building can�t satisfy the new users, the building will be destructed by new users and replace by new building. If the new building do this again, that�s really wasteful. Now I bring the case which suggest the solution of this problem. Sure there will be some problems or negative aspects about this project, but we have to admit that the La ville spatiale is the fi rst and original solution.

Research by LEW KYUNGHYUN

i MAKE A STRUCTURE, NOW IT�S UP TO YOU

LA VILLE SPATIALE

DESIGNED BY YONA FRIEDMAN

Historical background - WW2 was last scream of rationalism. After WW2 people attach im-portance to personal freedom.

LA VILLE SPATIALE

Why personal freedom?

In this historical back ground, architects are try to make a new fl exible building, but most of cities are full of existing old buildings which have to save.

LA VILLE SPATIALE

No place forNEW ONE

Yona suggest megatructure can contain self-assembly housing and offi ces. this can solve the problem of preserve the existing city and satisfy the personal freedom.

LA VILLE SPATIALE

The Solution

This diagram shows the thinking- Preseving the existing urban structure.

LA VILLE SPATIALE

Preseving

This cartoon shows the thinking that pro-grams in La ville spatiale. There�s no selected programs by architects. This will select by us-ers.

LA VILLE SPATIALE

What doyou need?

To solve the sturcuture problem, yona sug-gest the program prading. Put light weight programs in the megastructure, and leave the heavy programs on the ground.

LA VILLE SPATIALE

Program Trading

This model shows what I already explained1. future fl exible2. preserve existing urban structure

LA VILLE SPATIALE

Can buildAnywhere?

UnblockING Diagram

Comparing Possibility

UnblockingDiagram

This diagram compares Laville spatiale with other 8 cases. The black circle means av-erage. In this diagram, we can fi nd La ville spatiale is most future fl exible one. But just it. The other elements got bad scores. We can fi gure the benefi t and disadvatages.

by Lew Kyunghyun

Benefi ts - Flexible plans: This means how easy to make your home bigger or smaller, or change the plans.Can build anywhere: Does this project think about the land scape? or trees or sthg.preserve existing city: When you build new build-ing, do you have to destruct old building?

Disadvatages - Circulations: This means how easy to fi nd or in-stall the circulaition.Economical construction: When you build your house or building, does the building, is the price reasonable?

Structure stability: Can the structure easy to endure the disaster such as earth quake or fi re.

GENERAL CONCLUSIONSLaville spatiale was a clear answer of the question - Can the architectures preserve the existing urban structure and also satisfy the need which is presonal freedom. This answer give a shock to many architects in the world, and infl eunce. This is the origin of plug in architectures and metabolism and metastadt. Sure there are some problems and negative aspects, but this has historical meaning.

POSITIVE ASPECTSMost positive aspect that I think is the freedom for users. Most of destructed architectures are because of it�s useage. Like Millenium dome, even if the architecture has fancy space, nice facade there is no fi tted programs, this building can�t avoid the destruction. If the building can fi tted to the programs that what users wanted everytime, can avoid abandon by users for long time.

NEGATIVE ASPECTSThink when the megatructure constructed, this heavy structure and full of housings may block the sun. Yona�s project can preserve the old urban structure, but think the old urban with out lights. I think the old surban will be abadoned by citizens. So, yona emphasize that la ville spa-tiale can preserve urban structure, but if this mega structure appears in real, this doesn�t work.And the second one, Yona�s thinking has a big problem. Does the seld-assembled housings are easy to remove or easy to chage or cheap? Metastadt is a good case of this problem. If hard to change plans, the thinking of fl exible plans are not work. This means the ultimate thinking of fl exible just be a fi xed building. That�s the reason Metastadt demolished.

Conclusions by LEW KYUNGHYUN

LA VILLE SPATIALE

DESIGNED BY YONA FRIEDMAN