Describe the Role of Statistical Analysis in Interpreting the Results of Research Project

7/29/2019 Describe the Role of Statistical Analysis in Interpreting the Results of Research Project

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DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS IN

INTERPRETING THE RESULTS

OF RESEARCH PROJECT

Ammara Mehwish2007-ag-1680


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What is Statistics?

Statistics derived from the Latin word status meaningpolitical state

The word statistics can either be singular or plural

Singular form- statistic Plural form-statistics

Mathematical science pertaining to the collection,analysis, interpretation or explanation, and presentationof data


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Statistics concerns with

Designing experiments and other data collectionSummarizing information to aid understanding

Drawing conclusions from data

Estimating the present or predicting the future.


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Uses of Statistics

Summarize or describe a collection of data

Useful in research, when communicatingthe results of experiments

Provides a prediction (based in data) for

where a theory logically leads


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Draw backs of statistics

if statistical conclusions are based on

incomplete information

Interpret only the data that are favorable to

the presenter


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Types of statistics

There are two types:

1. Descriptive statistics

(summarize collection of data)

2. Inferential statistics

(draw inferences about the populationbeing studied)


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Well known statistical tests

ANOVA (Analysis of variance)

Chi-square test

Regression

Correlation


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ANOVA;

A statistical model meant to analyze data

Chi-square test;The Greek letter chi (lower case)

A statistical test comparing observed

frequencies with the frequencies expectedfrom a given hypothesis


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Regression;

Effect of one or more function on a

single character

Correlation;

Degree of association between two

variables


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Data analysis

It is a process of

Gathering,

Modeling,

Transforming data


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Initial data analysis must be able to

answer

What is the quality of the data?

What is the quality of the

measurements?

Did the implementation of the study fulfill

the intentions of the research design?

What are the characteristics of the datasample?


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Analyzing and interpreting data

Process of assigning meaning to the

collected information and determining the

conclusions, significance, and

implications of the findings.


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There are several different classifications

that are used in interpreting data

Variable:Types;

Qualitative

Quantitative

1.Discrete

2.Continuous


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Qualitative Data

Describes the quality of something in a

non-numerical format

Interpretation of qualitative data

Frequency tables

Graphs

Bar Charts Pie Charts


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Bar chart

Color Preference of Customers

0

5

10

15

Red Blue Yellow Green

Color

N


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Pie charts

Pie Chart of Color Preferences

Red

44%

Blue

32%

Yellow

16%

Green

8%


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Quantitative Data

It arise when the observations arefrequencies or measurements.

Interpretation of quantitative data;

Frequency tables Graphs

Bar Charts Dot Plots

Pie Charts


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Method for increasing breast

meat yields in poultry


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Figure 2


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Figure 1 Explanation

It is a graphical representation of feed

conversion data from a feeding trial using

a control diet and diets supplemented with

alpha.-galactosidase at three differentconcentrations.


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Figure 2 Explanation

It is a graphical representation of feed

conversion data from a second feeding

trial using a control diet and diets

supplemented with .alpha.-galactosidaseat three different concentrations


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Line Charts

Frequency Table/Frequency Distribution Histograms

Stem and Leaf

Box plots Line Graphs

XY Scatter Charts


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XY-charts

Worker-Hours by Lot Size

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

0 20 40 60 80 100

Lot Size

Hours


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Histogram

150145140135130125120115110

5

4

3

2

1

0

Time

Frequency


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Different packages used in

statistics for analyzing data

Dfremel

SAS

MSTAT C SPSS

Minitab


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SAS

Access raw data files analyze data using

descriptive statistics

Manage data using tools for data

entry,editing,formating

Present data using reports and business

and statistical graphics


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SPSS

Research design

Sample size and selection

Mean,variance,standard deviation Analysis of variance

Corelation and Regression

Chisquare test


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MSTAT C

Used to simplify and enhance field and lab

research

Helps to generate the design of

experiments design


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Minitab

Anova

Regression of analysis

Design of experiments


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Dfreml

Estimation of covariance components and

the resulting genetic parameters for

continuous traits

Developed with the analysis of data from

animal breeding programs

Accommodate numerous traits, random

regression models, covariance structures


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Describe the Role of Statistical Analysis in Interpreting the Results of Research Project