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DES1100DENTALMATERIALS(453848)
OfficeHoursandLocation
Days HoursMonday–Thursday7:30am–5:30pmAppointmentsavailablebyrequest
CourseDescriptionThiscourseisastudyofphysical,mechanicalandbiologicalcharacteristicsofmaterialsusedinthelaboratoryandclinicalpracticeofdentistry.Prerequisites: EnrollmentinDHProgram&successfulcompletionofall1stand2ndterm
coursesCorequisites: DES1101LDegreesOffered: A.S.
CourseInformationCourseNumber/Title: DES1101/DentalMaterialsReferenceNumber: 453848NumberofCreditHours: 1.00Term/Year/Session/Length: Summer/2017/B/12ClassBegins 05/30/2017100%RefundDeadline 06/06/20177:00PM(ET)Non-AttendanceDrop 06/14/20177:00PM(ET)Withdrawwith"W"Deadline 07/20/20177:00PM(ET)ClassEnds 08/18/2017CollegeHoliday(s)5/29/2017,7/4/2017TechnicalMaintenance05/27–05/29/2017,06/17–06/18/17,07/15–07/17/17Thesedatesarecriticalforthiscourse.AdditionalcriticaldatesforthiscoursecanbefoundbyclickingtheappropriatetermlinksintheonlinecalendarattheFloridaStateCollegeatJacksonvilleWebsite.
COURSELOCATIONLocationNORTHCAMPUS
RoomA0316
Times11:00AM–12:15PM
DaysMonday
SessionDates05/30/2017-08/18/2017
INSTRUCTIONALMATERIALSANDEQUIPMENTIfyouhavenotdonesoalready,obtainyourtextbookandrelatedcoursematerials.Visityournearestcampusbookstoreororderonlineviathestudentportal,Connections,ortheFollettOnlineBookstore.Besuretoorderusingyourcourseandinstructor’snameandthesix-digitcoursereferencenumber.Pleasenotethatsomecourses,particularlymathandscience,mayrequireatextplusadditionalsoftwareorapublisherWebaccesscode.Ifpurchasingausedtext,besuretocheckonandobtainallrequiredmaterials.
Hatrick,&EAkle,DentalMaterials:ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,3rdEdition,2016,Saunders.
ACCESSIBILITYFloridaStateCollegeatJacksonvillerecognizestheimportanceofassistingandencouragingallstudentstoreachtheirfullpotential.InaccordancewiththeAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct(ADA),theAmericanswithDisabilitiesActasamendedin2008,andSection504oftheRehabilitationActof1973,theCollegeensuresthatitsadmissionrequirementsareuniformlyapplied,andthatitsservices,activities,facilitiesandacademicprogramsareaccessibletoandusablebyallqualifiedstudents.TheOfficeofServicesforStudentswithDisabilities(OSSD)implementsandcoordinatesreasonableaccommodationsanddisability-relatedservicestopromotefullparticipationofindividualswithdisabilitiesinallaspectsoflife.TheRehabilitationActdefinesadisabilityasanindividualwhohasaphysical,mental,orlearningdisability,whichsubstantiallylimitsoneormoremajorlifeactivity(i.e.,seeing,hearing,speaking,walking,sitting,standing,breathing,reading,writing,orperformingmathematicalcalculations,andcaringforoneself);orwhohasarecordofsuchimpairment;orwhoisregardedashavingsuchimpairment.BoththeimpairmentandthelimitationofamajorlifeactivitymustbeestablishedtobeeligibleundertheADA.Pleaseclickhereformoreinformation.
COURSE-SPECIFICLEARNINGOUTCOMESIntroductiontoDentalMaterialsAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Explaintheimportanceofthestudyofdentalmaterialsforthealliedoralhealthpractitioner.2.Explainwhyitisnecessarythatthealliedoralhealthpractitionerhaveanunderstandingofdentalmaterialsforthedeliveryofdentalcare.3.DiscusswhatEBDMisandthequestionsyoumightaskyourselforyourpracticetomakesureyouareincreasingthepotentialforsuccessfulpatientcareoutcomes.4.Reviewthehistoricaldevelopmentofdentalmaterials.5.Listtheagenciesresponsibleforsettingstandardsandspecificationsofdentalmaterials.6.ListtherequirementsnecessaryforaconsumerproducttoqualifyfortheADASealofAcceptance.
OralEnvironmentandPatientConsiderationsAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Listthequalitiesoftheoralenvironmentthatmakeitchallengingforlong-termclinicalperformanceofdentalmaterials.2.Describethelong-termclinicalrequirementsoftherapeuticandrestorativematerials.3.Listthethreetypesofbitingforcesandthetoothstructuresmostideallysuitedtothem.4.Definestress,strain,andultimatestrength,andcomparetheultimatestrengthofrestorativematerialsduringeachtypeofstresstotoothstructures.5.Describetheeffectsofmoistureandacidityondentalmaterials.6.Describetheclinicalsignificanceofgalvanismandhowitcanbeprevented.7.Definethermalconductivityandthermalexpansionandcontraction,andcomparethevaluesofthermalexpansionandconductivityofrestorativematerialsversusthoseoftoothstructures.8.Describetheprocessusedtoachievemechanical,chemical,andbondingretention.9.Describethefactorsthatdeterminesuccessfuladhesion,includingwettability,viscosity,filmthickness,andsurfacecharacteristics.10.Describemicroleakageandhowtheresultsofthisprocesscanleadtorecurrentdecayandpostoperativesensitivity.11.Definebiocompatibility,anddiscusswhyrequirementsforbiocompatibilitymayfluctuate.12.Listthethreevisiblelightwavelengthsthataresensedwhencolorisrecognized.13.Describetoothcolorintermsofhue,value,andchroma.14.Discusstheimportanceofdetectionofrestorationsandmethodsfordetection.Defineeachofthewordsinthevocabularylistforchapter2.
PhysicalPropertiesofDentalMaterialsAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Defineprimaryandsecondarybondsandgiveanexampleofhoweachdeterminesthepropertiesofthematerial.2.Listthethreeformsofmatterandgiveadefiningcharacteristicofeach.3.Definedensityandexplaintherelationshipofdensity,volume,andcrystallinestructure.4.Definehardnessanddescribehowhardnesscontributestoabrasionresistance.5.Defineelasticityandgiveanexampleofwhenelasticityisdesirableindentalprocedures.6.Relatestiffnessandproportionallimit,anddescribehowthesepropertiesapplytorestorativedentalmaterials.7.Defineductilityandmalleabilityandexplainhowthesecharacteristicscontributetotheedgestrengthofagoldcrown.
8.Differentiatebetweentoughnessandresilience.9.Definebrittlenessanddiscusshowthispropertyappliestorestorativedentalmaterials.10.Defineviscosityandthixotropicmaterialsanddescribetheclinicalsignificanceofeach.11.Differentiatebetweentherapeutic,preventive,andrestorativematerials.12.Listthecomponentclassificationsthatmaymakeupadentalmaterial.13.Describethereactionstagesamaterialundergoestoacquireitsfinalstate.
14.Describethevariablesinthemanipulationofamaterial.
ImpressionMaterialsAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Describethepurposeofanimpression.2.Listthevariouscategoriesofimpressionmaterialsandexplaintheirdifferences.3.Describeimportantcharacteristicsofimpressionmaterials.4.Describethefactorsthatmakeagarhydrocolloidareversiblematerial.5.Definesolandgelanddescribethesestatesastheyoccurwiththehydrocolloids.6.Listthecomponentsofalginateimpressionmaterialanddiscusstheirfunctions.7.Explainwhyalginateisanirreversiblehydrocolloid.8.Listthesuppliesneededtomakeanalginateimpressionandexplainhowtheyareused.9.Demonstratetrayselectionforalginateimpressionsforapatient.10.Demonstratemixingalginate,loadingandseatingthetray,andremovingtheimpression.11.Listcriteriaforanacceptablealginateimpression.12.Demonstratetheproperhandlingofalginateimpressions.13.Applytroubleshootingtoproblemsexperiencedwithalginateimpressions.14.Describethedifferenttypesofelastomersandexplainwhytheyarecalledelastomers.15.Discusssimilaritiesanddifferencesamongthephysicalpropertiesofthevariouselastomers.16.Listtheusesofpolyetherimpressionmaterialanddiscussitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.17.Listtheusesofpolysulfideimpressionmaterialanddiscussitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.18.Explainwhypolyvinylsiloxaneimpressionmaterialissopopular.19.Explainthemostadvantageousclinicalfeaturethatpolyetherimpressionmaterialspossess.20.Explainthedifferencebetweenahydrophobicandahydrophilicimpressionmaterial.21.Explainwhysomeimpressionmaterialsshouldbepouredimmediatelyandotherscanwaituntillater.22.Discusstheusesofinelasticimpressionmaterialsandwhytheyareseldomusedtoday.
GypsumProductsAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Differentiatebetweennegativeandpositivereproduction.2.Differentiateamongdiagnosticcast,workingcast,anddies.3.Describethechemicalandphysicalnatureofgypsumproducts.4.Explainthemanufacturingprocessforgypsumproductsandhowthisaffectstheirphysicalcharacteristics.5.Comparethefollowingpropertiesandbehaviorsofgypsumproducts:strength,dimensionalaccuracy,solubility,andreproductionofdetail.6.ListtheAmericanDentalAssociation–recognizedgypsumproductsandtheirmostappropriateuses.7.Explaininitialandfinalsetofgypsumandthefactorsthataffectthesettingtime,settingexpansion,andstrength.
8.Explaintheprocedureformixingandhandlinggypsumproductstocreatediagnosticcasts.9.Preparemodelplasterorstoneforpouring.10.Pourtheanatomicportionofmaxillaryandmandibulardiagnosticcasts.11.Pourthebaseportionofmaxillaryandmandibulardiagnosticcasts.
12.Trimmaxillaryandmandibulardiagnosticcasts.
DentalWaxesAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Identifythecommoncomponentsofdentalwaxes.2.Identifythepropertiesofwaxes.3.Describetheclinical/laboratorysignificanceofeachoftheproperties.4.Identifythethreeclassificationsofwaxes.5.Differentiatebetweendirectandindirectwaxingsandidentifywhichpropertyofdentalwaxesismostimportantintheirdifference.6.Describetheusualcolor,form,anduseofinlay,casting,baseplate,boxing,utility,andstickywaxes.
7.Obtainabiteregistrationusingbiteregistrationorutilitywax.PrinciplesofBondingAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Discusstheeffectsofacidetchingonenamelanddentin.2.Describethebasicstepsofbonding.3.Explainthedifferencesbetweenbondingtoenamelandbondingtodentin.4.Describetheagentsusedforbonding.5.Explainthedifferencesbetweentotal-etchandself-etchbondingtechniques.6.Explainhowthehybridlayerisformed.7.Discussthefactorsthatinterferewithgoodbonding.8.Describetheamalgambondingtechnique.9.Describethebondingoforthodonticbrackets.10.Describethebondingofendodonticposts.11.Explainthedifferencesinbondingtoenamel,dentin,metal,andporcelain.
12.Listthefactorsthatcontributetotoothsensitivityafterbonding.Composites,GlassIonomers,andCompomersAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Describethevarioustypesofcompositeresinrestorativematerials.2.Discusstheuses,advantages,anddisadvantagesofeachtypeofcompositeresin.3.Compareandcontrastthesimilaritiesanddifferencesamongchemical-cured,light-cured,anddual-curedcompositeresins.4.Describehowfillersaffectthepropertiesofcomposites.5.Explainwhyincrementalplacementofcompositeresinisrecommended.6.Describethefactorsthatdeterminehowlonganincrementofcompositeresinshouldbelight-cured.7.Discusstheproceduraldifferencesbetweendirectandindirectcompositerestorations.8.Describethecompositionofglassionomerrestorativesandtheiruses,advantages,anddisadvantages.9.Explaintheeffectsoffluoride-releasing,resin-modifiedglassionomerrestorationsonpreventionofrecurrentcaries.10.Listthecomponentsofcompomers.
11.Describetheusesofcompomers.
DentalAmalgamAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Discussthesafetyofamalgamasarestorativematerial.2.Listthemaincomponentsindentalamalgam.3.Describetheadvantagesofhigh-copperamalgamsoverlow-copperamalgams.4.Describetheroleofthegamma-2phaseincorrosionoftheamalgam.5.Describetheparticleshapesinlathe-cut,admix,andsphericalalloys,anddiscusstheireffectsonthecondensationresistanceofthefreshlymixedamalgam.6.Definecreep,corrosion,andtarnish.7.Discusstheeffectofmixingtimeonthestrengthandmanipulationofamalgam.8.Describetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofbondedamalgamrestorations.
9.Discussmercuryhygieneinthedentaloffice.DentalCementAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Definethekeyterms2.Discusstheusesofcementsindentistryfor:• Pulpalprotection• Luting• Restorations• Surgicaldressing
3.Describethepropertiesofcement,andexplainhowthesepropertiesaffectselectionofcementforadentalprocedure.4.Discussthecomponentsofeachdentalcement.5.Discusshowthesecomponentsaffectthepropertiesofthecement.6.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachcement.7.Discussthemanipulationconsiderationsformixingcements.
8.Applythemixingtechniqueforeachtypeofcement.PreventiveandBleachingMaterialsAsaresultofsuccessfulcompletionofthisunit,thedentalhygienestudentwillbeableto:
1.Describetheapplicationsoffluorideinprevention.2.Explainhowfluorideprotectsteethfromcaries.3.Discussthevariousmethodsoffluoridedelivery.4.Explainthebenefitofusinganantibacterialrinseinconjunctionwithfluoride.5.Describetheantibacterialeffectsofchlorhexidine.6.Applytopicalfluoridegelorfoamcorrectly(aspermittedbystatelaw).7.Discusstheuseofsealantsforpreventionofpitandfissurecaries.8.Describethecompositionofsealants.9.Recitecausesfortoothsensitivity.
10.Listthevariousmaterialsusedfortreatingsensitiveteeth.11.Explainhowdesensitizingagentswork.12.Describetheusesofmouthguards.13.Listthematerialsforthefabricationofmouthguards.14.Fabricateasportsmouthguard.15.Describethemethodsusedtobleachteeth.16.Discussthesimilaritiesanddifferencesamongthematerialsusedtobleachteeth.17.Explainthedifferencesbetweenprofessionallysupervisedhomebleachingandover-the-countersystems.18.Fabricatecustomtraysforhomebleaching.
CourseParticipationMETHODSOFINSTRUCTION• Lecturewithhandouts• PowerPointpresentations• LecturePodcasts• Readingassignments• CaseStudies• VideoPresentations
CalendarofActivitiesWeek Topic(s) Readings/Resources
06/5
IntroductiontoDentalMaterials&OralEnvironmentandPatientConsiderations
DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEditionChapter1&2,pp.2-18.
06/12 ImpressionMaterials
DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEdition,Chapter15,pp.244-270
06/19 Gypsum&WaxProducts DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEdition,Chapter16,pp.277-292
06/26 PrinciplesofBonding DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEdition,Chapter5,pp.45-60
07/3 Test1:OverChapters1,2,5,15,16
Composites,GlassIonomers,andCompomers
DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEdition,Chapter6,pp.65-93
07/10 DentalCements DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEdition,Chapter14,pp.221-236
07/17 DentalAmalgam DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEdition,Chapter10,pp.149-163
07/24 DentalCeramics DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEdition,Chapter9,pp.131-148
07/31 Test2OverChapters6,9,10,14
ToothWhiteningMaterials&Procedures
DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEdition,Chapter8,pp.116-126
08/07 PreventiveandCorrectiveOralAppliances
DentalMaterials,ClinicalApplicationsforDentalAssistantsandDentalHygienists,Hatrick&Eakle3rdEdition,Chapter19,pp.344-350
08/14 ReviewforFinalExam
08/15 FinalExamComprehensive FinalExam
GradeScaleCourseGrade PointsA 93–100%B 85–92.5%C 77–84.5%D 70–76.5%F <69.5%
Aminimumgradeof“C”(77%)orbettermustbeearnedineachdentalhygienecourseforprogressionandcompletionofprogram.CourseGradeBreakdown
FinalGradeComputation
Date Value
Test#1 07/3/2017 30%
Test#2
07/31/17 30%
FinalExam TBA 40%
OtherGradingInformation
FNGRADE-FAILUREFORNON-ATTENDANCEAFailureforNon-Attendance(FN)gradeindicatesthatastudenthasfailedacourseduetonon-attendance.Itiscalculatedasan“F”inthestudent’sgradepointaverage.Forstudentsreceivingfinancialaid,failurefornon-attendancemayrequirethestudenttorefundtotheCollegeallorpartofhisorheraid.TheFNgradewillbeassignedbythefacultymemberatanytimefollowingthefinalwithdrawaldateforthecourse.SeetheCollege’spageonGradingpoliciesformoreinformation.
IGRADE-INCOMPLETEAnIncomplete“I”gradeisgivenveryrarelyinthiscourseandonlyfordocumented,excusedabsencesthatresultinthestudentbeingunabletocompletethecourseontime.Thedecisiontograntan“I”gradeissolelyuptoProfessorFranklinandisreservedforemergencysituations(prolongedillnessrequiringhospitalizationwouldbeanexample).AcontractwillbepreparedbyProfessorFranklinthatdetailsthestudent’sresponsibilitiestosuccessfullyresolvethe“I”grade.An“I”grademayimpactthestudent’sabilitytoqualifyforfinancialaidandmayresultinthestudentbeingrequiredtopaybackpreviousstudentloans.
LateMakeupWorkMake-upexaminationsforexcusedabsencesmustbecompletedassoonaspossibleuponreturningtoschool.ThestudentistoconferwithDrSmithimmediatelyuponreturningtoschool,presentdocumentationfortheexcusedabsence,andmakearrangementsforthemake-upexam.Failuretodothismayresultinforfeitingtherighttotakethemake-up.AttendancePolicyDuetotheuniqueresponsibilitiesassociatedwithbecomingacompetenthealthprofessional,theprogressivenatureofthecurriculumanditsimportancetotheprovisionofqualityoralhealthservices,attendanceandclassparticipationisrequiredatallscheduledclinics,laboratories,seminars,casepresentations,scheduledclassesandindividualfacultyappointments.Shouldanabsencebenecessary,thestudentmustcontactthecourseinstructorpriortothestartofclass.Failuretocommunicateintheabovemannerwillresultintheabsencebeingconsideredunexcused.Onlyanexcusedabsence(studentillnesswithphysiciandocumentation,accident,deathintheimmediatefamily,jurydutyoranydeemedexcusablebythecourseinstructor)maybemadeup.Anotefromaphysicianorotherappropriateindividualmustbesubmittedimmediatelyuponreturningtocampus.Failuretodosowillconstituteanunexcusedabsence.Anunexcusedabsencewillresultinagradepenaltyofa2-pointreductionfromthefinalgradeforthefirsttwoabsences.Furtherunexcusedabsenceswillresultina3-pointreductionfromthefinalgradeforeachincident.Make-upexamsforunexcusedabsenceswillnotbeprovided.Inthiscase,agradeofzerowillbegivenfortheassignment.Latearrivalstoclassareconsideredunexcusedabsences.
PolicyOnElectronicDevicesRefertotheElectronicDevicePolicysectionoftheStudentHandbook.Unapproveddevicesshouldnotbeusedduringclasstime.Approveddevicesshouldbeusedonlyforpermittedpurposes.Ifseenbyinstructor,onewarningwillbegivenduringthetermforanyinfractionandafterthatpointswillbedeductedfromyourgrade.CommunicationInthiscourse,asinallcoursesinFSCJ’sDentalHygieneprogram,eachstudentisexpectedtopresentthemselvesprofessionallyintheiractions,attitudes,dress,andwritten/verbalcommunication.Allwrittenassignmentswillbeevaluatedforprofessionallanguage,grammarandspelling.Nohandwrittenassignmentswillbeacceptedinthiscourse.StudentsshouldchecktheirFSCJe-maildailyasfacultypostcourserelatedinformationviathislink.Failuretodosomayresultinmissingkeyinformation.Havingnotreadfacultymessagesisnotanacceptableexcuseforfailuretorespondappropriately.StudentsmayelecttoconfigurealinkbetweentheirFSCJandpersonale-mailaddressestoreceivemessages.
CourseGuidelines&Policies
AcademicDishonesty
Academicdishonesty,inanyform,hassevereconsequences.ClickheretoviewFSCJ’sacademicdishonestydefinitionsandprocedures.
CourseContentIntroductiontoDentalMaterials
o RoleoftheAlliedOralHealthPractitionerandDentalMaterials o Evidence-BasedDecisionMaking o HistoricalDevelopmentofMentalMaterials o AgenciesResponsibleforStandards
OralEnvironmentandPatientConsiderations
o Biocompatibility o Biomechanics o ForceandStress o MoistureandAcidLevels o Galvanism o Temperature o Retention o Microleakage o Esthetics o DetectionofRestorativeMaterials
PhysicalPropertiesofDentalMaterials
o PhysicalStructure o Application o Composition o Reaction o Manipulation
ImpressionMaterials
o ImpressionTrays o ElasticImpressionMaterials o InelasticImpressionMaterials o DisinfectingImpressions
GypsumProducts
o PropertiesandBehaviorsofGypsumProducts o ClassificationofGypsumProducts o Manipulation
DentalWaxes
o CompositionandProperties o ClassificationofWaxes o Manipulation o LostWaxTechnique
PrinciplesofBonding
o BasicPrinciplesofBonding o ClinicalApplicationsofBonding
Composites,GlassIonomers,andCompomers
o CompositeResinandOtherEstheticRestorativeMaterials
o Indirect-PlacementEstheticRestorativeMaterials
DentalAmalgam
o Properties o Setting o Handling
DentalCement
o UsesofDentalCements o PropertiesofDentalCements o Manipulation o TypesofDentalCements
PreventiveandBleachingMaterials
o Fluoride o PitandFissureSealants o DesensitizingAgents o SportsGuards o TeethBleaching
ThefollowingFloridaStateCollegeatJacksonville(FSCJ)DentalHygieneProgramcompetenciesareaddressedinthiscourse:Majorcompetency#2:ThenewgraduateofFSCJ’sDentalHygieneprogrammustbeabletocontributetoimprovingtheknowledge,skillsandvaluesoftheprofession.Specifically,thenewgraduatemustbeableto:
SupportingCompetency(CourseObjectives):
2.2assimilate,utilize,expandandcontributetothedentalhygieneknowledgebase.
Majorcompetency#3:ThenewgraduateofFSCJ’sDentalHygieneprogrammustbeabletoacquireandsynthesizeinformationinacriticalandscientificmanner.Specifically,thenewgraduatemustbeableto:
SupportingCompetency(CourseObjectives):3.1access,analyzeandshareprofessionaldatausingwrittenmaterial,theinternetandcomputertechnology.
