96
DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301 FINANCIAL STRATEGIES FOR NEWER DENTISTS November 12, 2021 BY: Sam Martin, MBA(tax), CFP ® , CPA 1

DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301

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Page 1: DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301

DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301FINANCIAL STRATEGIES FOR NEWER DENTISTS

November 12 2021

BY Sam Martin MBA(tax) CFPreg CPA

1

Speakerrsquos Notes

Email mailcpa4ddscom for a complete set of speakerrsquos notes on this portion of the presentation Make your subject line Young Dentist Speakerrsquos Notes Please

2

Understanding Overhead amp Profitability

Why Do We Care About Overhead amp Profitability Cash Flow is the Foundation for Everythinghellip

3

Understanding Overhead amp Profitability

What is (direct) Overhead Those expenses that are necessary to operate the

practice on a day-to-day basis Staff Costs

Wages taxes and benefits Facility Costs

Rent and utilities Other Operating Costs

Variable (Supplies Lab Biz Taxes Office Bank Fees Repairs) Fixed (Professional Marketing Telephone Dues Insurance

Uniforms etc)

4

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

What is Not (direct) Overhead

Those expenses that are arbitrary represent doctor compensation or benefits or are related to financing or non-cash tax deductions Doctor salary or draw and taxes Doctor perks and benefits Costs of Financing Depreciation and amortization

5

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples The definition of overhead (or operating profit) is important to be able

to analyze a practice Yours or one you might purchase

Practice 1 Practice 2Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000 Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800 FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250 Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983

Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000 Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083 Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017 Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008 Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542 Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples When reviewing financial statements and tax returns there are differences between practices

that need to be filtered out andor ldquonormalizedrdquo

One significant difference is the type of tax entity An incorporated practice will include the doctors salary and payroll taxes whereas an unincorporated practice will not (sole proprietors and partners in partnerships simply ldquodrawrdquo the profit from the practice ndash which is not reflected as a tax deduction)

Another difference between practices is debt Notice that practice two has loan interest and practice 1 does not When you purchase a practice the existing debt will be paid off and therefore the selling doctorrsquos debt is filtered out as it does not affect you the buyer

Another sometimes significant item on the tax return or financial statement is depreciation This is a ldquonon-cashrdquo income tax deduction that must be filtered out

One of the more challenging items can be to accurately ferret out the ldquoperksrdquo that a doctor is providing for him or herself Some may be obvious Automobile travel entertainment Some may be commingled with staff benefits such as medical and other insurances or in staff pay (spouse or other family member compensation)

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Overhead FormulaDirect Operating Overhead

Net Collections= Overhead Percentage

Example $361000 $600000= 6016

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Production and Collections

Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range

Staff Member Hourly

Production Hourly

Production Daily Daily Annual Annual

Doctor 275$ 500$ 2200$ 4000$ 422400$ 768000$ Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 153600$ 230400$

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 1

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 250$ 2000$ 32000$ 384000$ -$ 1 384000$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - -$ - Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 384000$ 70042$ 1824

313958 Practice 2

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 192000$ 79258 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 729600$ 219341$ 3006

510259

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 3

Staff Member Hourly Prod

Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed

Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 384000$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 921600$ 309421$ 3357

612179

Practice 4

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 500$ 4000$ 64000$ 768000$ -$ 1 768000$ Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 460800$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 1228800$ 346285$ 2818

882515

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

PRACTICE 1Production Doctor 384000$ Production Hygiene - Total Production 384000 32000 Collections at 98 376320 10000

Staff Costs (70042) -1861Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -930Total Overhead (197780) -5256

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 4744

1 RDH 2 Assist OM up frontPRACTICE 2Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 192000 Total Production 729600 60800 Collections at 98 715008 10000

Staff Costs (219341) -3068Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -490Total Overhead (408042) -5707

Operating Cash-Flow 306966$ 4256

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 3Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 384000 Total Production 921600 76800 Collections at 98 903168 10000

Staff Costs (309421) -3426Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -443Total Overhead (541991) -6001

Operating Cash-Flow 361177$ 3999

2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 4Production Doctor 768000$ Production Hygiene 460800 Total Production 1228800 102400 Collections at 98 1204224 10000

Staff Costs (346285) -2876Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -332Total Overhead (633045) -5257

Operating Cash-Flow 571179$ 4743

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples Summary

Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 306966$ 361177$ 571179$ Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692) Pre-Tax Income 108322$ 190054$ 222485$ 432487$

This is what Practice 3 would look like if grown to be Practice 4

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Trust everyone but cut the cardshellip Screen the Opportunity Before you pursue it

Scott McDonald doctordemographicscom Realscore Realscorecom

15

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Analysis and Due Diligence Overall valuation ndash is it reasonable Wage and Benefit Analysis Fees Schedules

Understanding any managed care programs is essential

Production By Code Chart Audit

Demographics Clinical audit ndash how does sellerrsquos approach

compare to yours Lots of dentistry to do or all done

Analysis also prepares you to understand the strengths and weaknesses of your new practice ndash it prepares you

16

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process Negotiating Purchase Price amp Creating Legal

Documents Negotiating the Purchase and Sale Documents Negotiating the Tax Allocation

Strategic tax allocation can save you thousands Obtaining Competitive Financing

It is your loan ndash you are entitled to a competitive negotiated ldquobestrdquo terms and to understand all of the terms

Determine working capital (Cash Flow) and other capital needs

Negotiating the Lease You are now a sophisticated Business Person You lose most of the protections afforded (mere)

consumers

17

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Choosing the best legaltax entity Accounting and Payroll Processes Practice Management Systems

Recall Scheduling Restorative Scheduling Financial Policies and Tracking New Patient Process HIPAA OSHADOSH

Staff Transition and HR Processes (you are now a sophisticated employer) Wage and Benefits HR Policies Procedures and Related Staff Communications (Huddle Meetings etc)

18

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Profit Builders Fee Schedule Coding Soft Tissue Management Program Radiographs Recall Optimization Pedo Program

Marketing Program External to enhance your early success Internal to retain existing and new patients and generate

internal referrals Leverage Internet amp Social Media

Financial Systems and Monitors Carry forward of Cash Flow Plan

Tax Management Proactive Tax Planning Integrate with Personal Financial Planning

19

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Year of Purchase or Scratch Start Strategic Negotiation of Purchase Price Can Save Thousands In some cases clever allocation can achieve ldquowin-winrdquo allocation where all

the parties (except the IRS) come out ahead Your CPA should be familiar with the principals and Case Law surrounding

Cost Segregation and Class 570 Property Utilize your elections to optimize your deductions in Year 1 or Year 2 Sometimes saving deductions will pay off if future years will be in a higher

bracket Tax optimization planning is crucial

20

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Two Separate and Distinct Issues State Law (Legal Issues) Federal Law (Tax Issues)

Basic Choices For Solo Ownership Sole Proprietorship (default) No legal protection Simple for tax purposes (part of your personal return)

Professional Limited Liability Company (PLLC) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) Ignored for Federal Tax Purposes (treated as sole prop) Can easily convert to S Corporation Status later

Professional Corporation (PS or PC for State Purposes) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) More Complex for Taxes ndash Planning and Separate Tax Return Required

More expensive to maintain

21

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Federal Taxation ndash Corporation (Choice) C Corporation (generally avoid)

Complex Pays its own tax Subject to many complexities and disadvantages in almost

all cases S Corporation

Can make great sense and save significant taxes at higher net taxable income

Is typically a poor choice initially (with exception) Tax basis issues ndash loans made to corporation do not count Additional annual cost and complexity versus PLLC Potential Benefit Purposely suspending start-up losses

Other dorsquos and donrsquots (General) Do not purchase the shares of someone elsersquos corporation ndash

there are negative tax AND legal issues Do not ldquobuy-inrdquo to an existing corporation (there are more

effective and flexible ways to achieve ldquopartnershiprdquo)

22

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Additional Special Deductions In Year of Purchase or Scratch Start ASSETS

Professional Library Lab Equipment Dental Hand Instruments Office Computer Equipment

related to practice Furniture Fixtures etc related to

practice Automobile (If actual expense

method is determined advantageous)

23

EXPENDITURESOffice SuppliesParkingLegal and Accounting FeesMalpractice InsuranceBusiness Meals Auto MileagePostageCourier Services Copying and ReproductionTravel and HotelContinuing Education SeminarsOther

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

24

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Tax Management Proactive forecast of your taxes is key to avoiding a bad surprise Part of your overall cash flow planning Establish Automated Funding Weekly to money market

Proactive Tax Planning Tax management forms the base from which to work Assertive review and action can work to reduce taxes in a variety

of ways Retirement Plans (Pay yourself and write it off) There are several types of retirement plans available to optimize

your income tax deduction and potentially limit related staff cost

25

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Key Issue Running a study is best method (update annually) SEPrsquos

Can fund up to $58000 (2021) but staff cost is an issue SIMPLE-IRA

May fund up to $13500 ($27000 wspouse) plus 3 of your eligible wages and limits staff cost to max 3 of eligible wages

401(k) (w Profit Sharing) Can fund up to $58000 total ndash staff costs vary but some

plan designs allow proportionately lower funding for staff (better costbenefit) Adding a spouse can increase your funding by another $20000+

26

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Automobiles Various ways to optimize this deduction Documentation is key

Travel Meals and Entertainment Learn the rules to optimize and document

Lot of other strategies to exploit to your advantage

27

Associateship Tips 28

Associateship Tips 29

Non-Compete Agreement If possible avoid If required would this lock you out of area in which you want to

practice If required and in your desired area request delay feature Ask for Non-Solicitation vs Non-Compete Non-compete not effective for 180 days Review by dental attorney (Washington State New Law) and CPA

Compensation Aspects Prefer per diem if volume is low or questionable Prefer percentage if volume is high Many different formulas for percentage

28 to 33 - may be adjusted for lab Question commitment to patient flow

Is there a written plan Is staff on board Was there a prior associate What was their production track

record

Associateship Tips 30

Tax Aspects As employee (W-2) you may have expenses that are non-deductible Solution Add verbiage to contract to be reimbursed for clearly tax

deductible items as reduction to gross pay Saves you income tax and FICA tax Saves employer FICA tax Items would include Dues subscriptions licenses CE etc

Get clarity on what items the employer will pay for you

Contractor status can be beneficial to you if you have significant expense to deduct You pay employer and employee FICA

Request higher compensation percentage Subject to IRS scrutiny ndash most of the risk on the employer side

Funding your own retirement plan is possible (but subject to significant downside risk if IRS successfully challenges Contractor status)

Managing Your Practice Effectively31

Benchmarks

It has been said that what you can measure you can monitor and what you monitor tends to improve

Taking benchmark information and customizing for your practice allows you to see how you are doing and where focus may be required This make analysis simple

As noted early on this cash flow report does much more than tell us how we are doing From this base we can compute

Estimated income taxesThe value of the practice (incorporated with recent marketplace data)Your personal cash flow

Which in turn can be dovetailed into your long-term financial plan

Managing Your Practice Effectively32

Managing Your Practice Effectively33

Achieving Success34

Achieving Success35

Teamwork is key to your success There are several good reasons to begin assembling a group of professionals for assistance

with your future practice needs The first is that you may need a certain amount of help as you search for Associate positions The ldquoinformalrdquo network of dental service professionals may hold more leads than all those that are published or posted

Your team may consist of many different advisors and vendors You may not use all of them in the short run but you should consider establishing relationships early on Is it important to choose team professionals that have dental specific focus and knowledge CPA (accountant ndash dental) Attorney (dental) Attorney (estate) BankerLender (dental) Supplier Equipment Manager and IT Manager Dental Placement Agency Insurance Broker ndash LifeDisability Insurance Broker ndash Malpractice Property Casualty

Achieving Success36

Financial Advisor (dental is best) Practice Management Consultant Lease Advocate (dental) Practice Broker or Transition Consultant Dental Demographer OSHADOSHWISHAHIPAA Resource Human ResourcesPersonnel Dental Practice Designers Dental Practice Construction Contractor Laboratories Marketing Consultants Mentor Dentist(s) Study Club(s) YOUR STAFF YOUR SPOUSE Etc

Which Retirement Plan Is Best37

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

Which Retirement Plan Is Best38

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500 ($26000 if

50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax contributions

of $38500 for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies39

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

Insurance Coverage40

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own or are purchasing a practice there are

several additional policies required andor highly recommended

THE TAX CUTS amp JOBS ACTImpact on Dentists ndash 2019 and Beyond

Note Proposed legislation in congress if passed could change a number of the items that follow

Current Tax Law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

41

Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act42

Vast Majority Expires after 2025 Some Items are ldquoPermanentrdquo

Meals amp Entertainment43

2021-2022

Entertainment (except staff see below) 0Meals (Business) 50 or 100 for Restaurant

ProducedMeals on Premise (for conv of ER) 50Meals Travel Away From Home 50Travel (No change) 100Staff Outings Parties Etc 100

We recommend that you separate Meals activities in your chart of accounts going forward to capture the different categories ndash including 0 Entertainment if Applicable

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions44

State amp Local Tax 2021 Forward Real Estate Personal Property Either State Income or Sales Tax Limited to $10000 (Single or joint)

Mortgage Interest Interest up to loan of $750K of new acquisition debt

Principal amp one other (qualified) residence

Acquisition Debt Obtained on or Before December 15 2017

Is Grandfathered Including qualified refinancing ($1000000 + $100000 if used for acquisition)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions45

Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions are No Longer Deductible

Miscellaneous Tax prep fees

Investmentadvisor fees

Unreimbursed employee expenses

Certain legal expenses

Job search expenses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights46

Alimony no longer deductible or included as income of the recipient after (prior to 2019 grandfathered)

ACA individual healthcare mandate repealed and reporting no longer required after 2020 (unless on Exchange)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights47

Like-Kind Exchanges

Only applies to qualified real property

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth Recharacterizations48

Contributions to traditional IRA can still be converted to Roth (Backdoor Roth Contribution Continues to Live)

bull Contributions to Roth can still be converted to traditional Just more risk Once you convert traditional to Roth you cannot then

recharacterize back to traditional

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Business Level Taxes49

2021

Deduction $1050000

Cost of Property (dollar for $2620000

Dollar Phaseout)

Indexed for inflation

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Code Section 179 (Expensing Election)

Bonus Depreciation50

2021 - 2022

100 New or Used Property

Assets purchased and placed in service after September 27 2017 are eligible for the 100 deduction

The 100 expensing will be phased down as followed80 for property placed in service in 2023

60 for 2024

40 for 2025

20 for 2026

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Bonus Depreciation v Sec 17951

Section 179 can not create or add to a loss for the tax year

Section 179 depreciation can be on an asset by asset basis

Bonus depreciation allows you to create a loss for the year Bonus depreciation will be automatic unless you opt out This must be done by class of assets example - 5 years 7 years 15 years etc (bonus no longer requires ldquonewrdquo property)

179 BonusTaxable Income

Before Depreciation $50000 $50000

Depreciation on

$100000 of assets $(50000 )(limited) $(100000)

Net Profit (loss) $0 ($50000)

copy 2018 All Rights Reserved

Passenger Vehicles52

The new law increases annual depreciation of passenger autos less than 6000 lbs gross vehicle weight

2021

Year 1 $10200

Year 2 $18200

Year 3 $9800

Year 4 $5860

amp beyond

Documentation continues to be the key

Note ldquoHeavy Vehiclesrdquo are not impacted by limitations above however large deductions are only available if documented business usage is 50 or greater and maintained to avoid ldquorecapturerdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction53

Qualified Business Income (QBI) includes sole proprietorships partnerships S-corporations and Most rentals

Does not include (S) shareholder wages(1) guaranteed payments(2) to partners or investment income (capital gains dividends interest)

Deduction calculated per each separate business

(1) Generally another good reason to claim no more salary than necessary to meet ldquoreasonable compensationrdquo standard for S Corps

(2) Partnerships may change ldquocompensationrdquo amp ldquoprofitsrdquo language to avoid disallowance of Guaranteed Payments as QBI Simple update to Operating Agreement language may resolve the issue

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction54

If taxable income is $329800 or less ($164900 if single)

Deduction is the lesser of 20 of QBI 20 of taxable income (not including capital gains)

Available for specified service businesses (but limited)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction55

If taxable income is over $426600 ($213300 single) Deduction amount is same as before but limited to the

greater of 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Not available for specified service businesses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction56

If taxable income is $315000-$415000 ($157500 - $207500 if single) 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Deduction is then phased out ratably between the limits shown above

Available for specified service businesses with limitations ndash phase-out between $329800 amp $426600 or $164900 and $213300 single)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction57

Betty amp Joe have taxable income of $300000 after all deductions

Bettyrsquos practice (a sole proprietorshipPLLC) has $375000 of net taxable (Qualified Business) income

Their deduction is 20 of the lesser of the two above or $60000 (20 x $300000)

What if Betty were an S Corporation and Paid herself $175000 Betty only receives 20 of $200000 or $40000 Decision to Elect ldquoSrdquo has a crossover point that is higher than prior law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2018)58

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

MarriedFiling Separately

Head of Household

10 Up to $9525 Up to $19050 Up to $9525 Up to $13600

12 $9526 to $38700 $19051 to $77400 $9526 to $38700 $13601 to $51800

22 $38701 to $82500 $77401 to $165000 $38701 to $82500 $51801 to $82500

24 $82501 to $157500 $165001 to $315000 $82501 to $157500 $82501 to $157500

32 $157 001 to $200000 $315001 to $400000 $157 001 to $200000 $157501 to $200000

35 $200001 to $500000 $400001 to $600000 $200001 to $500000 $200001 to $500000

37 $500000 + $600000 + $500000 + $500000 +

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2017)59

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

Married Filing Separately

Head of Household

10 $0 to $9325 $0 to $18650 $0 to $9325 $0 to $13350

15 $9326 to $37950 $18651 to $75900 $9326 to $37950 $13351 to $50800

25 $37951 to $91900 $75901 to $153100 $37951 to $76550 $50801 to $131200

28 $91901 to $191650 $153101 to $233350 $76551 to $116675 $131201 to $212500

33 $190651 to $416700 $233351 to $416700 $116676 to $208350 $212501 to $416700

35 $416701 to $418400 $416701 to $470700 $208351 to $235350 $416701 to $444550

396 Over $418400 Over $470700 Over $235350 Over $444550

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends60

Taxable Income

Tax Rate Joint Single Estates amp Trusts

0 - Less Than $ 80800 $ 40400 $ 2650

15 - At Least $ 80801 $ 40401 $ 2651

Less Than $501600 $445850 $13150

20 - More Than $501600 $445850 $13150

38 Net Investment Income Tax Continues to Apply Above $250000 $200000 AGI (not generally applicable to practice sales)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estates amp Trusts61

If Taxable Income Is Then Income Tax Rate

Not over $2650 10 of the taxable income

Over $2650 but not over $9300 24 of the excess over $2650

Over $9300 but not over $12750 35 of the excess over $9300

Over $12750 37 of the excess over $12750

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)62

2021Exemption Single $73600

Joint $114600

Phase out Single $523600

Joint $1047200

Tax Rates 26 (AMTI $199900 joint) 28 (AMTI over $199900 joint)

Winners Almost everyone in a given year ndash especially those formerly in the 28 to 35 tax brackets

When most likely to apply to dentists Very large capital gains

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Standard Deduction63

2021(inflation adjusted)

Single $12550Joint $25100Joint ndash Over 65 $27800

Winners Everyone who was previously taking the standard deduction or was close to doing so Kids with earned income Many retired individuals

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

FINANCIAL PLANNING STRATEGIES FOR NEWER DENTISTSNovember 12 2021

Sam Martin MBAtax CFPreg CPA

Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists

1 Identify and prioritize your financial goals2 Calculate your net worth and monthly cash flow3 Develop a plan to reach your financial goals 4 Maximize your tax-qualified retirement plans and your

Roth IRAs5 Ensure that you have an investment strategy aligned

with your financial goals6 Obtain adequate insurance coverage7 Ensure that you have an estate plan

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Identify and prioritize your financial goals

STRATEGY 1St1

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Financial Goals

Purchasing a Practice Purchasing a Home or a Larger Home Purchasing an Office Building Spending More Time with Family Saving for Childrenrsquos Education Debt Reduction Financial Freedom

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 1 - Action Items

With your spouse or significant other identify and prioritize your financial goals

Put them into writing

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Calculate Your Net Worth and Monthly Cash Flowthe right

STRATEGY 2Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Net Worth

Assets ndash Liabilities = Net Worth

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Assets

Bank Accounts Investment Accounts Health Savings Accounts Retirement Plan Accounts Home Office Building Practice Value Other ldquoPersonal Userdquo Assets

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Liabilities

Student Loans Home Mortgage Practice Debt Equipment Loans Office Building Mortgage Credit Cards Auto and Other Loans

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 2 Action Items

Ensure that your interest rates are as low as possible with a fixed interest rate for the most appropriate number of years

Consult one or more education loan consolidators to see if improvement is possible

Use ldquoSnowballrdquo method to pay down debts Use a budget to make proactive financial

decisions Calculate your net worth each year and compare

it to your net worth from the previous year

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Develop A Plan To Reach Your Financial Goals slide in the panel to the right

STRATEGY 3Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

The Benefits of Investing Early

Dr Early Saver Dr Late Saver

Age 35 $79676 $0

Age 45 $172015 $79676

Age 55 $371336 $251691

Age 65 $801752 $623058

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

At age 25 Dr Early Saver begins investing $5500 into an IndividualRetirement Account (IRA) each year for 10 years and then stops At age 35Dr Late Saver begins investing $5500 into an IRA for 30 years They eachretire at age 65 Assuming a growth rate of 8 here are their balances atthe end of each decade

Strategy 3 Action Items

For long-term goals begin investing early

For short-term goals accumulate as much cash as possible

Avoid credit card debt and other consumer debt

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Maximize Your Tax Qualified Retirement Plans And Your Roth IRAshe right

STRATEGY 4Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings (add spouse)

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500

($26000 if 50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax

contributions of $38500 (less matching) for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 4 Action Items

If you are working consider maximizing a retirement plan

If you are married and your spouse doesnrsquot have access to a retirement plan consider adding him or her to the retirement plan assuming that they are working or can work for the practice

Consider using a Roth IRA contribution strategy

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure That You Have An Investment Strategy Aligned With Your Financial Goals

STRATEGY 5Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Investment Approach Do You Use

Market TimingWall Street

Security SelectionWall Street

Evidence Based Asset Allocation Those educated on the peer reviewed research

surrounding long-term investment success

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Asset Allocation

Do you own short intermediate or long-term bonds or bond funds

Do you have meaningful exposure to International stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to value (discounted) stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to small company stocks

Are your funds ldquolow costrdquo and ldquotax efficientrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 5 Action Items

Ensure that your investment strategy is in alignment with your financial goals This relates back to having a written planhellip

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Obtain adequate insurance coverage

STRATEGY 6lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Insurance Coverage

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own a practice there are several

additional policies required or recommended

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 6 Action Items

Obtain inexpensive term life insurance to ensure that you have adequate life insurance

Obtain adequate disability insurance with an own occupation definition of disability and a cost of living adjustment

Obtain personal umbrella liability insurance to extend your home auto and other coverage

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure that you have an estate plan

STRATEGY 7lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estate Planning Documents

Ensure that you have a will

Ensure that you have a durable powers of attorney (financial amp healthcare)

Ensure that you have a living will or health care directives

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date

Life Insurance

Retirement Plans

IRAs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 7 Action Items

Ensure that you have a will durable power of attorney and living will or health care directives

Ensure that your beneficiary designations are up-to-date

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Conclusion

Being thoughtful about your goals ndash both financial and quality of life is essential for long-term success and happiness

Committing goals and concerns to writing implementing monitoring and updating plans separates the truly successful from the rest

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301PROACTIVE STEPS TO A SUCCESSFUL PRACTICE AND FINANCIAL LIFE

November 122021

BY Sam Martin MBA(tax) CFPreg CPA

96

  • Dental practice finance 301Financial strategies for newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Speakerrsquos Notes
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Current Tax Law
  • Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act
  • Meals amp Entertainment
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Additional Highlights
  • Additional Highlights
  • Roth Recharacterizations
  • Business Level Taxes
  • Bonus Depreciation
  • Bonus Depreciation v Sec 179
  • Passenger Vehicles
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • Individual Tax Rates (2018)
  • Individual Tax Rates (2017)
  • Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends
  • Estates amp Trusts
  • Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)
  • Standard Deduction
  • financial Planning strategies for Newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists
  • STRATEGY 1St1
  • Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness
  • What Are Your Financial Goals
  • Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other
  • Strategy 1 - Action Items
  • STRATEGY 2Slide Title
  • What Is Your Net Worth
  • What Are Your Assets
  • What Are Your Liabilities
  • Strategy 2 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 3Slide Title
  • The Benefits of Investing Early
  • Strategy 3 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 4Slide Title
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Strategy 4 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 5Slide Title
  • Which Investment Approach Do You Use
  • What Is Your Asset Allocation
  • Strategy 5 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 6lide Title
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Strategy 6 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 7lide Title
  • Estate Planning Documents
  • Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date
  • Strategy 7 Action Items
  • Conclusion
  • Dental practice finance 301Proactive Steps to a Successful Practice and Financial LifeNovember 122021
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 275 $ 2200 $ 35200 $ 422400 $ - 0 1 $ 422400
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258 1 $ 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 576000 $ 186163 3232
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 1 $ 460800
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 460800 $ 106906 2320
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes Total Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 7373 81101
Assistant - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Front Desk - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Office Manager - - - - 40000 4000 44000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 537600 $ 99533 1851
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
Page 2: DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301

Speakerrsquos Notes

Email mailcpa4ddscom for a complete set of speakerrsquos notes on this portion of the presentation Make your subject line Young Dentist Speakerrsquos Notes Please

2

Understanding Overhead amp Profitability

Why Do We Care About Overhead amp Profitability Cash Flow is the Foundation for Everythinghellip

3

Understanding Overhead amp Profitability

What is (direct) Overhead Those expenses that are necessary to operate the

practice on a day-to-day basis Staff Costs

Wages taxes and benefits Facility Costs

Rent and utilities Other Operating Costs

Variable (Supplies Lab Biz Taxes Office Bank Fees Repairs) Fixed (Professional Marketing Telephone Dues Insurance

Uniforms etc)

4

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

What is Not (direct) Overhead

Those expenses that are arbitrary represent doctor compensation or benefits or are related to financing or non-cash tax deductions Doctor salary or draw and taxes Doctor perks and benefits Costs of Financing Depreciation and amortization

5

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples The definition of overhead (or operating profit) is important to be able

to analyze a practice Yours or one you might purchase

Practice 1 Practice 2Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000 Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800 FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250 Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983

Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000 Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083 Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017 Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008 Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542 Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples When reviewing financial statements and tax returns there are differences between practices

that need to be filtered out andor ldquonormalizedrdquo

One significant difference is the type of tax entity An incorporated practice will include the doctors salary and payroll taxes whereas an unincorporated practice will not (sole proprietors and partners in partnerships simply ldquodrawrdquo the profit from the practice ndash which is not reflected as a tax deduction)

Another difference between practices is debt Notice that practice two has loan interest and practice 1 does not When you purchase a practice the existing debt will be paid off and therefore the selling doctorrsquos debt is filtered out as it does not affect you the buyer

Another sometimes significant item on the tax return or financial statement is depreciation This is a ldquonon-cashrdquo income tax deduction that must be filtered out

One of the more challenging items can be to accurately ferret out the ldquoperksrdquo that a doctor is providing for him or herself Some may be obvious Automobile travel entertainment Some may be commingled with staff benefits such as medical and other insurances or in staff pay (spouse or other family member compensation)

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Overhead FormulaDirect Operating Overhead

Net Collections= Overhead Percentage

Example $361000 $600000= 6016

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Production and Collections

Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range

Staff Member Hourly

Production Hourly

Production Daily Daily Annual Annual

Doctor 275$ 500$ 2200$ 4000$ 422400$ 768000$ Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 153600$ 230400$

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 1

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 250$ 2000$ 32000$ 384000$ -$ 1 384000$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - -$ - Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 384000$ 70042$ 1824

313958 Practice 2

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 192000$ 79258 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 729600$ 219341$ 3006

510259

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 3

Staff Member Hourly Prod

Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed

Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 384000$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 921600$ 309421$ 3357

612179

Practice 4

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 500$ 4000$ 64000$ 768000$ -$ 1 768000$ Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 460800$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 1228800$ 346285$ 2818

882515

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

PRACTICE 1Production Doctor 384000$ Production Hygiene - Total Production 384000 32000 Collections at 98 376320 10000

Staff Costs (70042) -1861Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -930Total Overhead (197780) -5256

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 4744

1 RDH 2 Assist OM up frontPRACTICE 2Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 192000 Total Production 729600 60800 Collections at 98 715008 10000

Staff Costs (219341) -3068Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -490Total Overhead (408042) -5707

Operating Cash-Flow 306966$ 4256

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 3Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 384000 Total Production 921600 76800 Collections at 98 903168 10000

Staff Costs (309421) -3426Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -443Total Overhead (541991) -6001

Operating Cash-Flow 361177$ 3999

2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 4Production Doctor 768000$ Production Hygiene 460800 Total Production 1228800 102400 Collections at 98 1204224 10000

Staff Costs (346285) -2876Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -332Total Overhead (633045) -5257

Operating Cash-Flow 571179$ 4743

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples Summary

Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 306966$ 361177$ 571179$ Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692) Pre-Tax Income 108322$ 190054$ 222485$ 432487$

This is what Practice 3 would look like if grown to be Practice 4

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Trust everyone but cut the cardshellip Screen the Opportunity Before you pursue it

Scott McDonald doctordemographicscom Realscore Realscorecom

15

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Analysis and Due Diligence Overall valuation ndash is it reasonable Wage and Benefit Analysis Fees Schedules

Understanding any managed care programs is essential

Production By Code Chart Audit

Demographics Clinical audit ndash how does sellerrsquos approach

compare to yours Lots of dentistry to do or all done

Analysis also prepares you to understand the strengths and weaknesses of your new practice ndash it prepares you

16

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process Negotiating Purchase Price amp Creating Legal

Documents Negotiating the Purchase and Sale Documents Negotiating the Tax Allocation

Strategic tax allocation can save you thousands Obtaining Competitive Financing

It is your loan ndash you are entitled to a competitive negotiated ldquobestrdquo terms and to understand all of the terms

Determine working capital (Cash Flow) and other capital needs

Negotiating the Lease You are now a sophisticated Business Person You lose most of the protections afforded (mere)

consumers

17

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Choosing the best legaltax entity Accounting and Payroll Processes Practice Management Systems

Recall Scheduling Restorative Scheduling Financial Policies and Tracking New Patient Process HIPAA OSHADOSH

Staff Transition and HR Processes (you are now a sophisticated employer) Wage and Benefits HR Policies Procedures and Related Staff Communications (Huddle Meetings etc)

18

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Profit Builders Fee Schedule Coding Soft Tissue Management Program Radiographs Recall Optimization Pedo Program

Marketing Program External to enhance your early success Internal to retain existing and new patients and generate

internal referrals Leverage Internet amp Social Media

Financial Systems and Monitors Carry forward of Cash Flow Plan

Tax Management Proactive Tax Planning Integrate with Personal Financial Planning

19

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Year of Purchase or Scratch Start Strategic Negotiation of Purchase Price Can Save Thousands In some cases clever allocation can achieve ldquowin-winrdquo allocation where all

the parties (except the IRS) come out ahead Your CPA should be familiar with the principals and Case Law surrounding

Cost Segregation and Class 570 Property Utilize your elections to optimize your deductions in Year 1 or Year 2 Sometimes saving deductions will pay off if future years will be in a higher

bracket Tax optimization planning is crucial

20

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Two Separate and Distinct Issues State Law (Legal Issues) Federal Law (Tax Issues)

Basic Choices For Solo Ownership Sole Proprietorship (default) No legal protection Simple for tax purposes (part of your personal return)

Professional Limited Liability Company (PLLC) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) Ignored for Federal Tax Purposes (treated as sole prop) Can easily convert to S Corporation Status later

Professional Corporation (PS or PC for State Purposes) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) More Complex for Taxes ndash Planning and Separate Tax Return Required

More expensive to maintain

21

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Federal Taxation ndash Corporation (Choice) C Corporation (generally avoid)

Complex Pays its own tax Subject to many complexities and disadvantages in almost

all cases S Corporation

Can make great sense and save significant taxes at higher net taxable income

Is typically a poor choice initially (with exception) Tax basis issues ndash loans made to corporation do not count Additional annual cost and complexity versus PLLC Potential Benefit Purposely suspending start-up losses

Other dorsquos and donrsquots (General) Do not purchase the shares of someone elsersquos corporation ndash

there are negative tax AND legal issues Do not ldquobuy-inrdquo to an existing corporation (there are more

effective and flexible ways to achieve ldquopartnershiprdquo)

22

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Additional Special Deductions In Year of Purchase or Scratch Start ASSETS

Professional Library Lab Equipment Dental Hand Instruments Office Computer Equipment

related to practice Furniture Fixtures etc related to

practice Automobile (If actual expense

method is determined advantageous)

23

EXPENDITURESOffice SuppliesParkingLegal and Accounting FeesMalpractice InsuranceBusiness Meals Auto MileagePostageCourier Services Copying and ReproductionTravel and HotelContinuing Education SeminarsOther

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

24

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Tax Management Proactive forecast of your taxes is key to avoiding a bad surprise Part of your overall cash flow planning Establish Automated Funding Weekly to money market

Proactive Tax Planning Tax management forms the base from which to work Assertive review and action can work to reduce taxes in a variety

of ways Retirement Plans (Pay yourself and write it off) There are several types of retirement plans available to optimize

your income tax deduction and potentially limit related staff cost

25

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Key Issue Running a study is best method (update annually) SEPrsquos

Can fund up to $58000 (2021) but staff cost is an issue SIMPLE-IRA

May fund up to $13500 ($27000 wspouse) plus 3 of your eligible wages and limits staff cost to max 3 of eligible wages

401(k) (w Profit Sharing) Can fund up to $58000 total ndash staff costs vary but some

plan designs allow proportionately lower funding for staff (better costbenefit) Adding a spouse can increase your funding by another $20000+

26

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Automobiles Various ways to optimize this deduction Documentation is key

Travel Meals and Entertainment Learn the rules to optimize and document

Lot of other strategies to exploit to your advantage

27

Associateship Tips 28

Associateship Tips 29

Non-Compete Agreement If possible avoid If required would this lock you out of area in which you want to

practice If required and in your desired area request delay feature Ask for Non-Solicitation vs Non-Compete Non-compete not effective for 180 days Review by dental attorney (Washington State New Law) and CPA

Compensation Aspects Prefer per diem if volume is low or questionable Prefer percentage if volume is high Many different formulas for percentage

28 to 33 - may be adjusted for lab Question commitment to patient flow

Is there a written plan Is staff on board Was there a prior associate What was their production track

record

Associateship Tips 30

Tax Aspects As employee (W-2) you may have expenses that are non-deductible Solution Add verbiage to contract to be reimbursed for clearly tax

deductible items as reduction to gross pay Saves you income tax and FICA tax Saves employer FICA tax Items would include Dues subscriptions licenses CE etc

Get clarity on what items the employer will pay for you

Contractor status can be beneficial to you if you have significant expense to deduct You pay employer and employee FICA

Request higher compensation percentage Subject to IRS scrutiny ndash most of the risk on the employer side

Funding your own retirement plan is possible (but subject to significant downside risk if IRS successfully challenges Contractor status)

Managing Your Practice Effectively31

Benchmarks

It has been said that what you can measure you can monitor and what you monitor tends to improve

Taking benchmark information and customizing for your practice allows you to see how you are doing and where focus may be required This make analysis simple

As noted early on this cash flow report does much more than tell us how we are doing From this base we can compute

Estimated income taxesThe value of the practice (incorporated with recent marketplace data)Your personal cash flow

Which in turn can be dovetailed into your long-term financial plan

Managing Your Practice Effectively32

Managing Your Practice Effectively33

Achieving Success34

Achieving Success35

Teamwork is key to your success There are several good reasons to begin assembling a group of professionals for assistance

with your future practice needs The first is that you may need a certain amount of help as you search for Associate positions The ldquoinformalrdquo network of dental service professionals may hold more leads than all those that are published or posted

Your team may consist of many different advisors and vendors You may not use all of them in the short run but you should consider establishing relationships early on Is it important to choose team professionals that have dental specific focus and knowledge CPA (accountant ndash dental) Attorney (dental) Attorney (estate) BankerLender (dental) Supplier Equipment Manager and IT Manager Dental Placement Agency Insurance Broker ndash LifeDisability Insurance Broker ndash Malpractice Property Casualty

Achieving Success36

Financial Advisor (dental is best) Practice Management Consultant Lease Advocate (dental) Practice Broker or Transition Consultant Dental Demographer OSHADOSHWISHAHIPAA Resource Human ResourcesPersonnel Dental Practice Designers Dental Practice Construction Contractor Laboratories Marketing Consultants Mentor Dentist(s) Study Club(s) YOUR STAFF YOUR SPOUSE Etc

Which Retirement Plan Is Best37

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

Which Retirement Plan Is Best38

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500 ($26000 if

50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax contributions

of $38500 for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies39

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

Insurance Coverage40

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own or are purchasing a practice there are

several additional policies required andor highly recommended

THE TAX CUTS amp JOBS ACTImpact on Dentists ndash 2019 and Beyond

Note Proposed legislation in congress if passed could change a number of the items that follow

Current Tax Law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

41

Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act42

Vast Majority Expires after 2025 Some Items are ldquoPermanentrdquo

Meals amp Entertainment43

2021-2022

Entertainment (except staff see below) 0Meals (Business) 50 or 100 for Restaurant

ProducedMeals on Premise (for conv of ER) 50Meals Travel Away From Home 50Travel (No change) 100Staff Outings Parties Etc 100

We recommend that you separate Meals activities in your chart of accounts going forward to capture the different categories ndash including 0 Entertainment if Applicable

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions44

State amp Local Tax 2021 Forward Real Estate Personal Property Either State Income or Sales Tax Limited to $10000 (Single or joint)

Mortgage Interest Interest up to loan of $750K of new acquisition debt

Principal amp one other (qualified) residence

Acquisition Debt Obtained on or Before December 15 2017

Is Grandfathered Including qualified refinancing ($1000000 + $100000 if used for acquisition)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions45

Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions are No Longer Deductible

Miscellaneous Tax prep fees

Investmentadvisor fees

Unreimbursed employee expenses

Certain legal expenses

Job search expenses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights46

Alimony no longer deductible or included as income of the recipient after (prior to 2019 grandfathered)

ACA individual healthcare mandate repealed and reporting no longer required after 2020 (unless on Exchange)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights47

Like-Kind Exchanges

Only applies to qualified real property

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth Recharacterizations48

Contributions to traditional IRA can still be converted to Roth (Backdoor Roth Contribution Continues to Live)

bull Contributions to Roth can still be converted to traditional Just more risk Once you convert traditional to Roth you cannot then

recharacterize back to traditional

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Business Level Taxes49

2021

Deduction $1050000

Cost of Property (dollar for $2620000

Dollar Phaseout)

Indexed for inflation

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Code Section 179 (Expensing Election)

Bonus Depreciation50

2021 - 2022

100 New or Used Property

Assets purchased and placed in service after September 27 2017 are eligible for the 100 deduction

The 100 expensing will be phased down as followed80 for property placed in service in 2023

60 for 2024

40 for 2025

20 for 2026

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Bonus Depreciation v Sec 17951

Section 179 can not create or add to a loss for the tax year

Section 179 depreciation can be on an asset by asset basis

Bonus depreciation allows you to create a loss for the year Bonus depreciation will be automatic unless you opt out This must be done by class of assets example - 5 years 7 years 15 years etc (bonus no longer requires ldquonewrdquo property)

179 BonusTaxable Income

Before Depreciation $50000 $50000

Depreciation on

$100000 of assets $(50000 )(limited) $(100000)

Net Profit (loss) $0 ($50000)

copy 2018 All Rights Reserved

Passenger Vehicles52

The new law increases annual depreciation of passenger autos less than 6000 lbs gross vehicle weight

2021

Year 1 $10200

Year 2 $18200

Year 3 $9800

Year 4 $5860

amp beyond

Documentation continues to be the key

Note ldquoHeavy Vehiclesrdquo are not impacted by limitations above however large deductions are only available if documented business usage is 50 or greater and maintained to avoid ldquorecapturerdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction53

Qualified Business Income (QBI) includes sole proprietorships partnerships S-corporations and Most rentals

Does not include (S) shareholder wages(1) guaranteed payments(2) to partners or investment income (capital gains dividends interest)

Deduction calculated per each separate business

(1) Generally another good reason to claim no more salary than necessary to meet ldquoreasonable compensationrdquo standard for S Corps

(2) Partnerships may change ldquocompensationrdquo amp ldquoprofitsrdquo language to avoid disallowance of Guaranteed Payments as QBI Simple update to Operating Agreement language may resolve the issue

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction54

If taxable income is $329800 or less ($164900 if single)

Deduction is the lesser of 20 of QBI 20 of taxable income (not including capital gains)

Available for specified service businesses (but limited)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction55

If taxable income is over $426600 ($213300 single) Deduction amount is same as before but limited to the

greater of 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Not available for specified service businesses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction56

If taxable income is $315000-$415000 ($157500 - $207500 if single) 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Deduction is then phased out ratably between the limits shown above

Available for specified service businesses with limitations ndash phase-out between $329800 amp $426600 or $164900 and $213300 single)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction57

Betty amp Joe have taxable income of $300000 after all deductions

Bettyrsquos practice (a sole proprietorshipPLLC) has $375000 of net taxable (Qualified Business) income

Their deduction is 20 of the lesser of the two above or $60000 (20 x $300000)

What if Betty were an S Corporation and Paid herself $175000 Betty only receives 20 of $200000 or $40000 Decision to Elect ldquoSrdquo has a crossover point that is higher than prior law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2018)58

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

MarriedFiling Separately

Head of Household

10 Up to $9525 Up to $19050 Up to $9525 Up to $13600

12 $9526 to $38700 $19051 to $77400 $9526 to $38700 $13601 to $51800

22 $38701 to $82500 $77401 to $165000 $38701 to $82500 $51801 to $82500

24 $82501 to $157500 $165001 to $315000 $82501 to $157500 $82501 to $157500

32 $157 001 to $200000 $315001 to $400000 $157 001 to $200000 $157501 to $200000

35 $200001 to $500000 $400001 to $600000 $200001 to $500000 $200001 to $500000

37 $500000 + $600000 + $500000 + $500000 +

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2017)59

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

Married Filing Separately

Head of Household

10 $0 to $9325 $0 to $18650 $0 to $9325 $0 to $13350

15 $9326 to $37950 $18651 to $75900 $9326 to $37950 $13351 to $50800

25 $37951 to $91900 $75901 to $153100 $37951 to $76550 $50801 to $131200

28 $91901 to $191650 $153101 to $233350 $76551 to $116675 $131201 to $212500

33 $190651 to $416700 $233351 to $416700 $116676 to $208350 $212501 to $416700

35 $416701 to $418400 $416701 to $470700 $208351 to $235350 $416701 to $444550

396 Over $418400 Over $470700 Over $235350 Over $444550

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends60

Taxable Income

Tax Rate Joint Single Estates amp Trusts

0 - Less Than $ 80800 $ 40400 $ 2650

15 - At Least $ 80801 $ 40401 $ 2651

Less Than $501600 $445850 $13150

20 - More Than $501600 $445850 $13150

38 Net Investment Income Tax Continues to Apply Above $250000 $200000 AGI (not generally applicable to practice sales)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estates amp Trusts61

If Taxable Income Is Then Income Tax Rate

Not over $2650 10 of the taxable income

Over $2650 but not over $9300 24 of the excess over $2650

Over $9300 but not over $12750 35 of the excess over $9300

Over $12750 37 of the excess over $12750

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)62

2021Exemption Single $73600

Joint $114600

Phase out Single $523600

Joint $1047200

Tax Rates 26 (AMTI $199900 joint) 28 (AMTI over $199900 joint)

Winners Almost everyone in a given year ndash especially those formerly in the 28 to 35 tax brackets

When most likely to apply to dentists Very large capital gains

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Standard Deduction63

2021(inflation adjusted)

Single $12550Joint $25100Joint ndash Over 65 $27800

Winners Everyone who was previously taking the standard deduction or was close to doing so Kids with earned income Many retired individuals

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

FINANCIAL PLANNING STRATEGIES FOR NEWER DENTISTSNovember 12 2021

Sam Martin MBAtax CFPreg CPA

Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists

1 Identify and prioritize your financial goals2 Calculate your net worth and monthly cash flow3 Develop a plan to reach your financial goals 4 Maximize your tax-qualified retirement plans and your

Roth IRAs5 Ensure that you have an investment strategy aligned

with your financial goals6 Obtain adequate insurance coverage7 Ensure that you have an estate plan

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Identify and prioritize your financial goals

STRATEGY 1St1

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Financial Goals

Purchasing a Practice Purchasing a Home or a Larger Home Purchasing an Office Building Spending More Time with Family Saving for Childrenrsquos Education Debt Reduction Financial Freedom

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 1 - Action Items

With your spouse or significant other identify and prioritize your financial goals

Put them into writing

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Calculate Your Net Worth and Monthly Cash Flowthe right

STRATEGY 2Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Net Worth

Assets ndash Liabilities = Net Worth

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Assets

Bank Accounts Investment Accounts Health Savings Accounts Retirement Plan Accounts Home Office Building Practice Value Other ldquoPersonal Userdquo Assets

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Liabilities

Student Loans Home Mortgage Practice Debt Equipment Loans Office Building Mortgage Credit Cards Auto and Other Loans

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 2 Action Items

Ensure that your interest rates are as low as possible with a fixed interest rate for the most appropriate number of years

Consult one or more education loan consolidators to see if improvement is possible

Use ldquoSnowballrdquo method to pay down debts Use a budget to make proactive financial

decisions Calculate your net worth each year and compare

it to your net worth from the previous year

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Develop A Plan To Reach Your Financial Goals slide in the panel to the right

STRATEGY 3Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

The Benefits of Investing Early

Dr Early Saver Dr Late Saver

Age 35 $79676 $0

Age 45 $172015 $79676

Age 55 $371336 $251691

Age 65 $801752 $623058

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

At age 25 Dr Early Saver begins investing $5500 into an IndividualRetirement Account (IRA) each year for 10 years and then stops At age 35Dr Late Saver begins investing $5500 into an IRA for 30 years They eachretire at age 65 Assuming a growth rate of 8 here are their balances atthe end of each decade

Strategy 3 Action Items

For long-term goals begin investing early

For short-term goals accumulate as much cash as possible

Avoid credit card debt and other consumer debt

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Maximize Your Tax Qualified Retirement Plans And Your Roth IRAshe right

STRATEGY 4Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings (add spouse)

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500

($26000 if 50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax

contributions of $38500 (less matching) for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 4 Action Items

If you are working consider maximizing a retirement plan

If you are married and your spouse doesnrsquot have access to a retirement plan consider adding him or her to the retirement plan assuming that they are working or can work for the practice

Consider using a Roth IRA contribution strategy

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure That You Have An Investment Strategy Aligned With Your Financial Goals

STRATEGY 5Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Investment Approach Do You Use

Market TimingWall Street

Security SelectionWall Street

Evidence Based Asset Allocation Those educated on the peer reviewed research

surrounding long-term investment success

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Asset Allocation

Do you own short intermediate or long-term bonds or bond funds

Do you have meaningful exposure to International stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to value (discounted) stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to small company stocks

Are your funds ldquolow costrdquo and ldquotax efficientrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 5 Action Items

Ensure that your investment strategy is in alignment with your financial goals This relates back to having a written planhellip

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Obtain adequate insurance coverage

STRATEGY 6lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Insurance Coverage

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own a practice there are several

additional policies required or recommended

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 6 Action Items

Obtain inexpensive term life insurance to ensure that you have adequate life insurance

Obtain adequate disability insurance with an own occupation definition of disability and a cost of living adjustment

Obtain personal umbrella liability insurance to extend your home auto and other coverage

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure that you have an estate plan

STRATEGY 7lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estate Planning Documents

Ensure that you have a will

Ensure that you have a durable powers of attorney (financial amp healthcare)

Ensure that you have a living will or health care directives

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date

Life Insurance

Retirement Plans

IRAs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 7 Action Items

Ensure that you have a will durable power of attorney and living will or health care directives

Ensure that your beneficiary designations are up-to-date

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Conclusion

Being thoughtful about your goals ndash both financial and quality of life is essential for long-term success and happiness

Committing goals and concerns to writing implementing monitoring and updating plans separates the truly successful from the rest

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301PROACTIVE STEPS TO A SUCCESSFUL PRACTICE AND FINANCIAL LIFE

November 122021

BY Sam Martin MBA(tax) CFPreg CPA

96

  • Dental practice finance 301Financial strategies for newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Speakerrsquos Notes
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Current Tax Law
  • Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act
  • Meals amp Entertainment
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Additional Highlights
  • Additional Highlights
  • Roth Recharacterizations
  • Business Level Taxes
  • Bonus Depreciation
  • Bonus Depreciation v Sec 179
  • Passenger Vehicles
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • Individual Tax Rates (2018)
  • Individual Tax Rates (2017)
  • Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends
  • Estates amp Trusts
  • Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)
  • Standard Deduction
  • financial Planning strategies for Newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists
  • STRATEGY 1St1
  • Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness
  • What Are Your Financial Goals
  • Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other
  • Strategy 1 - Action Items
  • STRATEGY 2Slide Title
  • What Is Your Net Worth
  • What Are Your Assets
  • What Are Your Liabilities
  • Strategy 2 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 3Slide Title
  • The Benefits of Investing Early
  • Strategy 3 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 4Slide Title
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Strategy 4 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 5Slide Title
  • Which Investment Approach Do You Use
  • What Is Your Asset Allocation
  • Strategy 5 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 6lide Title
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Strategy 6 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 7lide Title
  • Estate Planning Documents
  • Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date
  • Strategy 7 Action Items
  • Conclusion
  • Dental practice finance 301Proactive Steps to a Successful Practice and Financial LifeNovember 122021
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 275 $ 2200 $ 35200 $ 422400 $ - 0 1 $ 422400
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258 1 $ 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 576000 $ 186163 3232
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 1 $ 460800
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 460800 $ 106906 2320
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes Total Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 7373 81101
Assistant - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Front Desk - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Office Manager - - - - 40000 4000 44000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 537600 $ 99533 1851
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
Page 3: DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301

Understanding Overhead amp Profitability

Why Do We Care About Overhead amp Profitability Cash Flow is the Foundation for Everythinghellip

3

Understanding Overhead amp Profitability

What is (direct) Overhead Those expenses that are necessary to operate the

practice on a day-to-day basis Staff Costs

Wages taxes and benefits Facility Costs

Rent and utilities Other Operating Costs

Variable (Supplies Lab Biz Taxes Office Bank Fees Repairs) Fixed (Professional Marketing Telephone Dues Insurance

Uniforms etc)

4

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

What is Not (direct) Overhead

Those expenses that are arbitrary represent doctor compensation or benefits or are related to financing or non-cash tax deductions Doctor salary or draw and taxes Doctor perks and benefits Costs of Financing Depreciation and amortization

5

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples The definition of overhead (or operating profit) is important to be able

to analyze a practice Yours or one you might purchase

Practice 1 Practice 2Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000 Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800 FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250 Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983

Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000 Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083 Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017 Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008 Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542 Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples When reviewing financial statements and tax returns there are differences between practices

that need to be filtered out andor ldquonormalizedrdquo

One significant difference is the type of tax entity An incorporated practice will include the doctors salary and payroll taxes whereas an unincorporated practice will not (sole proprietors and partners in partnerships simply ldquodrawrdquo the profit from the practice ndash which is not reflected as a tax deduction)

Another difference between practices is debt Notice that practice two has loan interest and practice 1 does not When you purchase a practice the existing debt will be paid off and therefore the selling doctorrsquos debt is filtered out as it does not affect you the buyer

Another sometimes significant item on the tax return or financial statement is depreciation This is a ldquonon-cashrdquo income tax deduction that must be filtered out

One of the more challenging items can be to accurately ferret out the ldquoperksrdquo that a doctor is providing for him or herself Some may be obvious Automobile travel entertainment Some may be commingled with staff benefits such as medical and other insurances or in staff pay (spouse or other family member compensation)

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Overhead FormulaDirect Operating Overhead

Net Collections= Overhead Percentage

Example $361000 $600000= 6016

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Production and Collections

Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range

Staff Member Hourly

Production Hourly

Production Daily Daily Annual Annual

Doctor 275$ 500$ 2200$ 4000$ 422400$ 768000$ Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 153600$ 230400$

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 1

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 250$ 2000$ 32000$ 384000$ -$ 1 384000$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - -$ - Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 384000$ 70042$ 1824

313958 Practice 2

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 192000$ 79258 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 729600$ 219341$ 3006

510259

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 3

Staff Member Hourly Prod

Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed

Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 384000$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 921600$ 309421$ 3357

612179

Practice 4

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 500$ 4000$ 64000$ 768000$ -$ 1 768000$ Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 460800$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 1228800$ 346285$ 2818

882515

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

PRACTICE 1Production Doctor 384000$ Production Hygiene - Total Production 384000 32000 Collections at 98 376320 10000

Staff Costs (70042) -1861Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -930Total Overhead (197780) -5256

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 4744

1 RDH 2 Assist OM up frontPRACTICE 2Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 192000 Total Production 729600 60800 Collections at 98 715008 10000

Staff Costs (219341) -3068Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -490Total Overhead (408042) -5707

Operating Cash-Flow 306966$ 4256

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 3Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 384000 Total Production 921600 76800 Collections at 98 903168 10000

Staff Costs (309421) -3426Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -443Total Overhead (541991) -6001

Operating Cash-Flow 361177$ 3999

2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 4Production Doctor 768000$ Production Hygiene 460800 Total Production 1228800 102400 Collections at 98 1204224 10000

Staff Costs (346285) -2876Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -332Total Overhead (633045) -5257

Operating Cash-Flow 571179$ 4743

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples Summary

Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 306966$ 361177$ 571179$ Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692) Pre-Tax Income 108322$ 190054$ 222485$ 432487$

This is what Practice 3 would look like if grown to be Practice 4

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Trust everyone but cut the cardshellip Screen the Opportunity Before you pursue it

Scott McDonald doctordemographicscom Realscore Realscorecom

15

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Analysis and Due Diligence Overall valuation ndash is it reasonable Wage and Benefit Analysis Fees Schedules

Understanding any managed care programs is essential

Production By Code Chart Audit

Demographics Clinical audit ndash how does sellerrsquos approach

compare to yours Lots of dentistry to do or all done

Analysis also prepares you to understand the strengths and weaknesses of your new practice ndash it prepares you

16

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process Negotiating Purchase Price amp Creating Legal

Documents Negotiating the Purchase and Sale Documents Negotiating the Tax Allocation

Strategic tax allocation can save you thousands Obtaining Competitive Financing

It is your loan ndash you are entitled to a competitive negotiated ldquobestrdquo terms and to understand all of the terms

Determine working capital (Cash Flow) and other capital needs

Negotiating the Lease You are now a sophisticated Business Person You lose most of the protections afforded (mere)

consumers

17

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Choosing the best legaltax entity Accounting and Payroll Processes Practice Management Systems

Recall Scheduling Restorative Scheduling Financial Policies and Tracking New Patient Process HIPAA OSHADOSH

Staff Transition and HR Processes (you are now a sophisticated employer) Wage and Benefits HR Policies Procedures and Related Staff Communications (Huddle Meetings etc)

18

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Profit Builders Fee Schedule Coding Soft Tissue Management Program Radiographs Recall Optimization Pedo Program

Marketing Program External to enhance your early success Internal to retain existing and new patients and generate

internal referrals Leverage Internet amp Social Media

Financial Systems and Monitors Carry forward of Cash Flow Plan

Tax Management Proactive Tax Planning Integrate with Personal Financial Planning

19

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Year of Purchase or Scratch Start Strategic Negotiation of Purchase Price Can Save Thousands In some cases clever allocation can achieve ldquowin-winrdquo allocation where all

the parties (except the IRS) come out ahead Your CPA should be familiar with the principals and Case Law surrounding

Cost Segregation and Class 570 Property Utilize your elections to optimize your deductions in Year 1 or Year 2 Sometimes saving deductions will pay off if future years will be in a higher

bracket Tax optimization planning is crucial

20

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Two Separate and Distinct Issues State Law (Legal Issues) Federal Law (Tax Issues)

Basic Choices For Solo Ownership Sole Proprietorship (default) No legal protection Simple for tax purposes (part of your personal return)

Professional Limited Liability Company (PLLC) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) Ignored for Federal Tax Purposes (treated as sole prop) Can easily convert to S Corporation Status later

Professional Corporation (PS or PC for State Purposes) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) More Complex for Taxes ndash Planning and Separate Tax Return Required

More expensive to maintain

21

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Federal Taxation ndash Corporation (Choice) C Corporation (generally avoid)

Complex Pays its own tax Subject to many complexities and disadvantages in almost

all cases S Corporation

Can make great sense and save significant taxes at higher net taxable income

Is typically a poor choice initially (with exception) Tax basis issues ndash loans made to corporation do not count Additional annual cost and complexity versus PLLC Potential Benefit Purposely suspending start-up losses

Other dorsquos and donrsquots (General) Do not purchase the shares of someone elsersquos corporation ndash

there are negative tax AND legal issues Do not ldquobuy-inrdquo to an existing corporation (there are more

effective and flexible ways to achieve ldquopartnershiprdquo)

22

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Additional Special Deductions In Year of Purchase or Scratch Start ASSETS

Professional Library Lab Equipment Dental Hand Instruments Office Computer Equipment

related to practice Furniture Fixtures etc related to

practice Automobile (If actual expense

method is determined advantageous)

23

EXPENDITURESOffice SuppliesParkingLegal and Accounting FeesMalpractice InsuranceBusiness Meals Auto MileagePostageCourier Services Copying and ReproductionTravel and HotelContinuing Education SeminarsOther

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

24

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Tax Management Proactive forecast of your taxes is key to avoiding a bad surprise Part of your overall cash flow planning Establish Automated Funding Weekly to money market

Proactive Tax Planning Tax management forms the base from which to work Assertive review and action can work to reduce taxes in a variety

of ways Retirement Plans (Pay yourself and write it off) There are several types of retirement plans available to optimize

your income tax deduction and potentially limit related staff cost

25

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Key Issue Running a study is best method (update annually) SEPrsquos

Can fund up to $58000 (2021) but staff cost is an issue SIMPLE-IRA

May fund up to $13500 ($27000 wspouse) plus 3 of your eligible wages and limits staff cost to max 3 of eligible wages

401(k) (w Profit Sharing) Can fund up to $58000 total ndash staff costs vary but some

plan designs allow proportionately lower funding for staff (better costbenefit) Adding a spouse can increase your funding by another $20000+

26

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Automobiles Various ways to optimize this deduction Documentation is key

Travel Meals and Entertainment Learn the rules to optimize and document

Lot of other strategies to exploit to your advantage

27

Associateship Tips 28

Associateship Tips 29

Non-Compete Agreement If possible avoid If required would this lock you out of area in which you want to

practice If required and in your desired area request delay feature Ask for Non-Solicitation vs Non-Compete Non-compete not effective for 180 days Review by dental attorney (Washington State New Law) and CPA

Compensation Aspects Prefer per diem if volume is low or questionable Prefer percentage if volume is high Many different formulas for percentage

28 to 33 - may be adjusted for lab Question commitment to patient flow

Is there a written plan Is staff on board Was there a prior associate What was their production track

record

Associateship Tips 30

Tax Aspects As employee (W-2) you may have expenses that are non-deductible Solution Add verbiage to contract to be reimbursed for clearly tax

deductible items as reduction to gross pay Saves you income tax and FICA tax Saves employer FICA tax Items would include Dues subscriptions licenses CE etc

Get clarity on what items the employer will pay for you

Contractor status can be beneficial to you if you have significant expense to deduct You pay employer and employee FICA

Request higher compensation percentage Subject to IRS scrutiny ndash most of the risk on the employer side

Funding your own retirement plan is possible (but subject to significant downside risk if IRS successfully challenges Contractor status)

Managing Your Practice Effectively31

Benchmarks

It has been said that what you can measure you can monitor and what you monitor tends to improve

Taking benchmark information and customizing for your practice allows you to see how you are doing and where focus may be required This make analysis simple

As noted early on this cash flow report does much more than tell us how we are doing From this base we can compute

Estimated income taxesThe value of the practice (incorporated with recent marketplace data)Your personal cash flow

Which in turn can be dovetailed into your long-term financial plan

Managing Your Practice Effectively32

Managing Your Practice Effectively33

Achieving Success34

Achieving Success35

Teamwork is key to your success There are several good reasons to begin assembling a group of professionals for assistance

with your future practice needs The first is that you may need a certain amount of help as you search for Associate positions The ldquoinformalrdquo network of dental service professionals may hold more leads than all those that are published or posted

Your team may consist of many different advisors and vendors You may not use all of them in the short run but you should consider establishing relationships early on Is it important to choose team professionals that have dental specific focus and knowledge CPA (accountant ndash dental) Attorney (dental) Attorney (estate) BankerLender (dental) Supplier Equipment Manager and IT Manager Dental Placement Agency Insurance Broker ndash LifeDisability Insurance Broker ndash Malpractice Property Casualty

Achieving Success36

Financial Advisor (dental is best) Practice Management Consultant Lease Advocate (dental) Practice Broker or Transition Consultant Dental Demographer OSHADOSHWISHAHIPAA Resource Human ResourcesPersonnel Dental Practice Designers Dental Practice Construction Contractor Laboratories Marketing Consultants Mentor Dentist(s) Study Club(s) YOUR STAFF YOUR SPOUSE Etc

Which Retirement Plan Is Best37

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

Which Retirement Plan Is Best38

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500 ($26000 if

50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax contributions

of $38500 for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies39

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

Insurance Coverage40

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own or are purchasing a practice there are

several additional policies required andor highly recommended

THE TAX CUTS amp JOBS ACTImpact on Dentists ndash 2019 and Beyond

Note Proposed legislation in congress if passed could change a number of the items that follow

Current Tax Law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

41

Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act42

Vast Majority Expires after 2025 Some Items are ldquoPermanentrdquo

Meals amp Entertainment43

2021-2022

Entertainment (except staff see below) 0Meals (Business) 50 or 100 for Restaurant

ProducedMeals on Premise (for conv of ER) 50Meals Travel Away From Home 50Travel (No change) 100Staff Outings Parties Etc 100

We recommend that you separate Meals activities in your chart of accounts going forward to capture the different categories ndash including 0 Entertainment if Applicable

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions44

State amp Local Tax 2021 Forward Real Estate Personal Property Either State Income or Sales Tax Limited to $10000 (Single or joint)

Mortgage Interest Interest up to loan of $750K of new acquisition debt

Principal amp one other (qualified) residence

Acquisition Debt Obtained on or Before December 15 2017

Is Grandfathered Including qualified refinancing ($1000000 + $100000 if used for acquisition)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions45

Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions are No Longer Deductible

Miscellaneous Tax prep fees

Investmentadvisor fees

Unreimbursed employee expenses

Certain legal expenses

Job search expenses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights46

Alimony no longer deductible or included as income of the recipient after (prior to 2019 grandfathered)

ACA individual healthcare mandate repealed and reporting no longer required after 2020 (unless on Exchange)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights47

Like-Kind Exchanges

Only applies to qualified real property

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth Recharacterizations48

Contributions to traditional IRA can still be converted to Roth (Backdoor Roth Contribution Continues to Live)

bull Contributions to Roth can still be converted to traditional Just more risk Once you convert traditional to Roth you cannot then

recharacterize back to traditional

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Business Level Taxes49

2021

Deduction $1050000

Cost of Property (dollar for $2620000

Dollar Phaseout)

Indexed for inflation

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Code Section 179 (Expensing Election)

Bonus Depreciation50

2021 - 2022

100 New or Used Property

Assets purchased and placed in service after September 27 2017 are eligible for the 100 deduction

The 100 expensing will be phased down as followed80 for property placed in service in 2023

60 for 2024

40 for 2025

20 for 2026

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Bonus Depreciation v Sec 17951

Section 179 can not create or add to a loss for the tax year

Section 179 depreciation can be on an asset by asset basis

Bonus depreciation allows you to create a loss for the year Bonus depreciation will be automatic unless you opt out This must be done by class of assets example - 5 years 7 years 15 years etc (bonus no longer requires ldquonewrdquo property)

179 BonusTaxable Income

Before Depreciation $50000 $50000

Depreciation on

$100000 of assets $(50000 )(limited) $(100000)

Net Profit (loss) $0 ($50000)

copy 2018 All Rights Reserved

Passenger Vehicles52

The new law increases annual depreciation of passenger autos less than 6000 lbs gross vehicle weight

2021

Year 1 $10200

Year 2 $18200

Year 3 $9800

Year 4 $5860

amp beyond

Documentation continues to be the key

Note ldquoHeavy Vehiclesrdquo are not impacted by limitations above however large deductions are only available if documented business usage is 50 or greater and maintained to avoid ldquorecapturerdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction53

Qualified Business Income (QBI) includes sole proprietorships partnerships S-corporations and Most rentals

Does not include (S) shareholder wages(1) guaranteed payments(2) to partners or investment income (capital gains dividends interest)

Deduction calculated per each separate business

(1) Generally another good reason to claim no more salary than necessary to meet ldquoreasonable compensationrdquo standard for S Corps

(2) Partnerships may change ldquocompensationrdquo amp ldquoprofitsrdquo language to avoid disallowance of Guaranteed Payments as QBI Simple update to Operating Agreement language may resolve the issue

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction54

If taxable income is $329800 or less ($164900 if single)

Deduction is the lesser of 20 of QBI 20 of taxable income (not including capital gains)

Available for specified service businesses (but limited)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction55

If taxable income is over $426600 ($213300 single) Deduction amount is same as before but limited to the

greater of 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Not available for specified service businesses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction56

If taxable income is $315000-$415000 ($157500 - $207500 if single) 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Deduction is then phased out ratably between the limits shown above

Available for specified service businesses with limitations ndash phase-out between $329800 amp $426600 or $164900 and $213300 single)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction57

Betty amp Joe have taxable income of $300000 after all deductions

Bettyrsquos practice (a sole proprietorshipPLLC) has $375000 of net taxable (Qualified Business) income

Their deduction is 20 of the lesser of the two above or $60000 (20 x $300000)

What if Betty were an S Corporation and Paid herself $175000 Betty only receives 20 of $200000 or $40000 Decision to Elect ldquoSrdquo has a crossover point that is higher than prior law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2018)58

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

MarriedFiling Separately

Head of Household

10 Up to $9525 Up to $19050 Up to $9525 Up to $13600

12 $9526 to $38700 $19051 to $77400 $9526 to $38700 $13601 to $51800

22 $38701 to $82500 $77401 to $165000 $38701 to $82500 $51801 to $82500

24 $82501 to $157500 $165001 to $315000 $82501 to $157500 $82501 to $157500

32 $157 001 to $200000 $315001 to $400000 $157 001 to $200000 $157501 to $200000

35 $200001 to $500000 $400001 to $600000 $200001 to $500000 $200001 to $500000

37 $500000 + $600000 + $500000 + $500000 +

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2017)59

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

Married Filing Separately

Head of Household

10 $0 to $9325 $0 to $18650 $0 to $9325 $0 to $13350

15 $9326 to $37950 $18651 to $75900 $9326 to $37950 $13351 to $50800

25 $37951 to $91900 $75901 to $153100 $37951 to $76550 $50801 to $131200

28 $91901 to $191650 $153101 to $233350 $76551 to $116675 $131201 to $212500

33 $190651 to $416700 $233351 to $416700 $116676 to $208350 $212501 to $416700

35 $416701 to $418400 $416701 to $470700 $208351 to $235350 $416701 to $444550

396 Over $418400 Over $470700 Over $235350 Over $444550

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends60

Taxable Income

Tax Rate Joint Single Estates amp Trusts

0 - Less Than $ 80800 $ 40400 $ 2650

15 - At Least $ 80801 $ 40401 $ 2651

Less Than $501600 $445850 $13150

20 - More Than $501600 $445850 $13150

38 Net Investment Income Tax Continues to Apply Above $250000 $200000 AGI (not generally applicable to practice sales)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estates amp Trusts61

If Taxable Income Is Then Income Tax Rate

Not over $2650 10 of the taxable income

Over $2650 but not over $9300 24 of the excess over $2650

Over $9300 but not over $12750 35 of the excess over $9300

Over $12750 37 of the excess over $12750

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)62

2021Exemption Single $73600

Joint $114600

Phase out Single $523600

Joint $1047200

Tax Rates 26 (AMTI $199900 joint) 28 (AMTI over $199900 joint)

Winners Almost everyone in a given year ndash especially those formerly in the 28 to 35 tax brackets

When most likely to apply to dentists Very large capital gains

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Standard Deduction63

2021(inflation adjusted)

Single $12550Joint $25100Joint ndash Over 65 $27800

Winners Everyone who was previously taking the standard deduction or was close to doing so Kids with earned income Many retired individuals

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

FINANCIAL PLANNING STRATEGIES FOR NEWER DENTISTSNovember 12 2021

Sam Martin MBAtax CFPreg CPA

Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists

1 Identify and prioritize your financial goals2 Calculate your net worth and monthly cash flow3 Develop a plan to reach your financial goals 4 Maximize your tax-qualified retirement plans and your

Roth IRAs5 Ensure that you have an investment strategy aligned

with your financial goals6 Obtain adequate insurance coverage7 Ensure that you have an estate plan

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Identify and prioritize your financial goals

STRATEGY 1St1

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Financial Goals

Purchasing a Practice Purchasing a Home or a Larger Home Purchasing an Office Building Spending More Time with Family Saving for Childrenrsquos Education Debt Reduction Financial Freedom

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 1 - Action Items

With your spouse or significant other identify and prioritize your financial goals

Put them into writing

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Calculate Your Net Worth and Monthly Cash Flowthe right

STRATEGY 2Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Net Worth

Assets ndash Liabilities = Net Worth

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Assets

Bank Accounts Investment Accounts Health Savings Accounts Retirement Plan Accounts Home Office Building Practice Value Other ldquoPersonal Userdquo Assets

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Liabilities

Student Loans Home Mortgage Practice Debt Equipment Loans Office Building Mortgage Credit Cards Auto and Other Loans

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 2 Action Items

Ensure that your interest rates are as low as possible with a fixed interest rate for the most appropriate number of years

Consult one or more education loan consolidators to see if improvement is possible

Use ldquoSnowballrdquo method to pay down debts Use a budget to make proactive financial

decisions Calculate your net worth each year and compare

it to your net worth from the previous year

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Develop A Plan To Reach Your Financial Goals slide in the panel to the right

STRATEGY 3Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

The Benefits of Investing Early

Dr Early Saver Dr Late Saver

Age 35 $79676 $0

Age 45 $172015 $79676

Age 55 $371336 $251691

Age 65 $801752 $623058

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

At age 25 Dr Early Saver begins investing $5500 into an IndividualRetirement Account (IRA) each year for 10 years and then stops At age 35Dr Late Saver begins investing $5500 into an IRA for 30 years They eachretire at age 65 Assuming a growth rate of 8 here are their balances atthe end of each decade

Strategy 3 Action Items

For long-term goals begin investing early

For short-term goals accumulate as much cash as possible

Avoid credit card debt and other consumer debt

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Maximize Your Tax Qualified Retirement Plans And Your Roth IRAshe right

STRATEGY 4Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings (add spouse)

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500

($26000 if 50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax

contributions of $38500 (less matching) for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 4 Action Items

If you are working consider maximizing a retirement plan

If you are married and your spouse doesnrsquot have access to a retirement plan consider adding him or her to the retirement plan assuming that they are working or can work for the practice

Consider using a Roth IRA contribution strategy

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure That You Have An Investment Strategy Aligned With Your Financial Goals

STRATEGY 5Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Investment Approach Do You Use

Market TimingWall Street

Security SelectionWall Street

Evidence Based Asset Allocation Those educated on the peer reviewed research

surrounding long-term investment success

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Asset Allocation

Do you own short intermediate or long-term bonds or bond funds

Do you have meaningful exposure to International stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to value (discounted) stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to small company stocks

Are your funds ldquolow costrdquo and ldquotax efficientrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 5 Action Items

Ensure that your investment strategy is in alignment with your financial goals This relates back to having a written planhellip

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Obtain adequate insurance coverage

STRATEGY 6lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Insurance Coverage

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own a practice there are several

additional policies required or recommended

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 6 Action Items

Obtain inexpensive term life insurance to ensure that you have adequate life insurance

Obtain adequate disability insurance with an own occupation definition of disability and a cost of living adjustment

Obtain personal umbrella liability insurance to extend your home auto and other coverage

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure that you have an estate plan

STRATEGY 7lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estate Planning Documents

Ensure that you have a will

Ensure that you have a durable powers of attorney (financial amp healthcare)

Ensure that you have a living will or health care directives

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date

Life Insurance

Retirement Plans

IRAs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 7 Action Items

Ensure that you have a will durable power of attorney and living will or health care directives

Ensure that your beneficiary designations are up-to-date

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Conclusion

Being thoughtful about your goals ndash both financial and quality of life is essential for long-term success and happiness

Committing goals and concerns to writing implementing monitoring and updating plans separates the truly successful from the rest

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301PROACTIVE STEPS TO A SUCCESSFUL PRACTICE AND FINANCIAL LIFE

November 122021

BY Sam Martin MBA(tax) CFPreg CPA

96

  • Dental practice finance 301Financial strategies for newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Speakerrsquos Notes
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Current Tax Law
  • Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act
  • Meals amp Entertainment
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Additional Highlights
  • Additional Highlights
  • Roth Recharacterizations
  • Business Level Taxes
  • Bonus Depreciation
  • Bonus Depreciation v Sec 179
  • Passenger Vehicles
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • Individual Tax Rates (2018)
  • Individual Tax Rates (2017)
  • Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends
  • Estates amp Trusts
  • Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)
  • Standard Deduction
  • financial Planning strategies for Newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists
  • STRATEGY 1St1
  • Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness
  • What Are Your Financial Goals
  • Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other
  • Strategy 1 - Action Items
  • STRATEGY 2Slide Title
  • What Is Your Net Worth
  • What Are Your Assets
  • What Are Your Liabilities
  • Strategy 2 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 3Slide Title
  • The Benefits of Investing Early
  • Strategy 3 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 4Slide Title
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Strategy 4 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 5Slide Title
  • Which Investment Approach Do You Use
  • What Is Your Asset Allocation
  • Strategy 5 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 6lide Title
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Strategy 6 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 7lide Title
  • Estate Planning Documents
  • Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date
  • Strategy 7 Action Items
  • Conclusion
  • Dental practice finance 301Proactive Steps to a Successful Practice and Financial LifeNovember 122021
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 275 $ 2200 $ 35200 $ 422400 $ - 0 1 $ 422400
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258 1 $ 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 576000 $ 186163 3232
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 1 $ 460800
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 460800 $ 106906 2320
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes Total Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 7373 81101
Assistant - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Front Desk - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Office Manager - - - - 40000 4000 44000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 537600 $ 99533 1851
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
Page 4: DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301

Understanding Overhead amp Profitability

What is (direct) Overhead Those expenses that are necessary to operate the

practice on a day-to-day basis Staff Costs

Wages taxes and benefits Facility Costs

Rent and utilities Other Operating Costs

Variable (Supplies Lab Biz Taxes Office Bank Fees Repairs) Fixed (Professional Marketing Telephone Dues Insurance

Uniforms etc)

4

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

What is Not (direct) Overhead

Those expenses that are arbitrary represent doctor compensation or benefits or are related to financing or non-cash tax deductions Doctor salary or draw and taxes Doctor perks and benefits Costs of Financing Depreciation and amortization

5

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples The definition of overhead (or operating profit) is important to be able

to analyze a practice Yours or one you might purchase

Practice 1 Practice 2Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000 Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800 FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250 Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983

Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000 Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083 Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017 Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008 Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542 Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples When reviewing financial statements and tax returns there are differences between practices

that need to be filtered out andor ldquonormalizedrdquo

One significant difference is the type of tax entity An incorporated practice will include the doctors salary and payroll taxes whereas an unincorporated practice will not (sole proprietors and partners in partnerships simply ldquodrawrdquo the profit from the practice ndash which is not reflected as a tax deduction)

Another difference between practices is debt Notice that practice two has loan interest and practice 1 does not When you purchase a practice the existing debt will be paid off and therefore the selling doctorrsquos debt is filtered out as it does not affect you the buyer

Another sometimes significant item on the tax return or financial statement is depreciation This is a ldquonon-cashrdquo income tax deduction that must be filtered out

One of the more challenging items can be to accurately ferret out the ldquoperksrdquo that a doctor is providing for him or herself Some may be obvious Automobile travel entertainment Some may be commingled with staff benefits such as medical and other insurances or in staff pay (spouse or other family member compensation)

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Overhead FormulaDirect Operating Overhead

Net Collections= Overhead Percentage

Example $361000 $600000= 6016

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Production and Collections

Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range

Staff Member Hourly

Production Hourly

Production Daily Daily Annual Annual

Doctor 275$ 500$ 2200$ 4000$ 422400$ 768000$ Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 153600$ 230400$

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 1

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 250$ 2000$ 32000$ 384000$ -$ 1 384000$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - -$ - Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 384000$ 70042$ 1824

313958 Practice 2

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 192000$ 79258 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 729600$ 219341$ 3006

510259

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 3

Staff Member Hourly Prod

Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed

Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 384000$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 921600$ 309421$ 3357

612179

Practice 4

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 500$ 4000$ 64000$ 768000$ -$ 1 768000$ Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 460800$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 1228800$ 346285$ 2818

882515

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

PRACTICE 1Production Doctor 384000$ Production Hygiene - Total Production 384000 32000 Collections at 98 376320 10000

Staff Costs (70042) -1861Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -930Total Overhead (197780) -5256

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 4744

1 RDH 2 Assist OM up frontPRACTICE 2Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 192000 Total Production 729600 60800 Collections at 98 715008 10000

Staff Costs (219341) -3068Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -490Total Overhead (408042) -5707

Operating Cash-Flow 306966$ 4256

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 3Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 384000 Total Production 921600 76800 Collections at 98 903168 10000

Staff Costs (309421) -3426Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -443Total Overhead (541991) -6001

Operating Cash-Flow 361177$ 3999

2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 4Production Doctor 768000$ Production Hygiene 460800 Total Production 1228800 102400 Collections at 98 1204224 10000

Staff Costs (346285) -2876Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -332Total Overhead (633045) -5257

Operating Cash-Flow 571179$ 4743

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples Summary

Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 306966$ 361177$ 571179$ Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692) Pre-Tax Income 108322$ 190054$ 222485$ 432487$

This is what Practice 3 would look like if grown to be Practice 4

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Trust everyone but cut the cardshellip Screen the Opportunity Before you pursue it

Scott McDonald doctordemographicscom Realscore Realscorecom

15

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Analysis and Due Diligence Overall valuation ndash is it reasonable Wage and Benefit Analysis Fees Schedules

Understanding any managed care programs is essential

Production By Code Chart Audit

Demographics Clinical audit ndash how does sellerrsquos approach

compare to yours Lots of dentistry to do or all done

Analysis also prepares you to understand the strengths and weaknesses of your new practice ndash it prepares you

16

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process Negotiating Purchase Price amp Creating Legal

Documents Negotiating the Purchase and Sale Documents Negotiating the Tax Allocation

Strategic tax allocation can save you thousands Obtaining Competitive Financing

It is your loan ndash you are entitled to a competitive negotiated ldquobestrdquo terms and to understand all of the terms

Determine working capital (Cash Flow) and other capital needs

Negotiating the Lease You are now a sophisticated Business Person You lose most of the protections afforded (mere)

consumers

17

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Choosing the best legaltax entity Accounting and Payroll Processes Practice Management Systems

Recall Scheduling Restorative Scheduling Financial Policies and Tracking New Patient Process HIPAA OSHADOSH

Staff Transition and HR Processes (you are now a sophisticated employer) Wage and Benefits HR Policies Procedures and Related Staff Communications (Huddle Meetings etc)

18

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Profit Builders Fee Schedule Coding Soft Tissue Management Program Radiographs Recall Optimization Pedo Program

Marketing Program External to enhance your early success Internal to retain existing and new patients and generate

internal referrals Leverage Internet amp Social Media

Financial Systems and Monitors Carry forward of Cash Flow Plan

Tax Management Proactive Tax Planning Integrate with Personal Financial Planning

19

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Year of Purchase or Scratch Start Strategic Negotiation of Purchase Price Can Save Thousands In some cases clever allocation can achieve ldquowin-winrdquo allocation where all

the parties (except the IRS) come out ahead Your CPA should be familiar with the principals and Case Law surrounding

Cost Segregation and Class 570 Property Utilize your elections to optimize your deductions in Year 1 or Year 2 Sometimes saving deductions will pay off if future years will be in a higher

bracket Tax optimization planning is crucial

20

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Two Separate and Distinct Issues State Law (Legal Issues) Federal Law (Tax Issues)

Basic Choices For Solo Ownership Sole Proprietorship (default) No legal protection Simple for tax purposes (part of your personal return)

Professional Limited Liability Company (PLLC) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) Ignored for Federal Tax Purposes (treated as sole prop) Can easily convert to S Corporation Status later

Professional Corporation (PS or PC for State Purposes) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) More Complex for Taxes ndash Planning and Separate Tax Return Required

More expensive to maintain

21

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Federal Taxation ndash Corporation (Choice) C Corporation (generally avoid)

Complex Pays its own tax Subject to many complexities and disadvantages in almost

all cases S Corporation

Can make great sense and save significant taxes at higher net taxable income

Is typically a poor choice initially (with exception) Tax basis issues ndash loans made to corporation do not count Additional annual cost and complexity versus PLLC Potential Benefit Purposely suspending start-up losses

Other dorsquos and donrsquots (General) Do not purchase the shares of someone elsersquos corporation ndash

there are negative tax AND legal issues Do not ldquobuy-inrdquo to an existing corporation (there are more

effective and flexible ways to achieve ldquopartnershiprdquo)

22

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Additional Special Deductions In Year of Purchase or Scratch Start ASSETS

Professional Library Lab Equipment Dental Hand Instruments Office Computer Equipment

related to practice Furniture Fixtures etc related to

practice Automobile (If actual expense

method is determined advantageous)

23

EXPENDITURESOffice SuppliesParkingLegal and Accounting FeesMalpractice InsuranceBusiness Meals Auto MileagePostageCourier Services Copying and ReproductionTravel and HotelContinuing Education SeminarsOther

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

24

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Tax Management Proactive forecast of your taxes is key to avoiding a bad surprise Part of your overall cash flow planning Establish Automated Funding Weekly to money market

Proactive Tax Planning Tax management forms the base from which to work Assertive review and action can work to reduce taxes in a variety

of ways Retirement Plans (Pay yourself and write it off) There are several types of retirement plans available to optimize

your income tax deduction and potentially limit related staff cost

25

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Key Issue Running a study is best method (update annually) SEPrsquos

Can fund up to $58000 (2021) but staff cost is an issue SIMPLE-IRA

May fund up to $13500 ($27000 wspouse) plus 3 of your eligible wages and limits staff cost to max 3 of eligible wages

401(k) (w Profit Sharing) Can fund up to $58000 total ndash staff costs vary but some

plan designs allow proportionately lower funding for staff (better costbenefit) Adding a spouse can increase your funding by another $20000+

26

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Automobiles Various ways to optimize this deduction Documentation is key

Travel Meals and Entertainment Learn the rules to optimize and document

Lot of other strategies to exploit to your advantage

27

Associateship Tips 28

Associateship Tips 29

Non-Compete Agreement If possible avoid If required would this lock you out of area in which you want to

practice If required and in your desired area request delay feature Ask for Non-Solicitation vs Non-Compete Non-compete not effective for 180 days Review by dental attorney (Washington State New Law) and CPA

Compensation Aspects Prefer per diem if volume is low or questionable Prefer percentage if volume is high Many different formulas for percentage

28 to 33 - may be adjusted for lab Question commitment to patient flow

Is there a written plan Is staff on board Was there a prior associate What was their production track

record

Associateship Tips 30

Tax Aspects As employee (W-2) you may have expenses that are non-deductible Solution Add verbiage to contract to be reimbursed for clearly tax

deductible items as reduction to gross pay Saves you income tax and FICA tax Saves employer FICA tax Items would include Dues subscriptions licenses CE etc

Get clarity on what items the employer will pay for you

Contractor status can be beneficial to you if you have significant expense to deduct You pay employer and employee FICA

Request higher compensation percentage Subject to IRS scrutiny ndash most of the risk on the employer side

Funding your own retirement plan is possible (but subject to significant downside risk if IRS successfully challenges Contractor status)

Managing Your Practice Effectively31

Benchmarks

It has been said that what you can measure you can monitor and what you monitor tends to improve

Taking benchmark information and customizing for your practice allows you to see how you are doing and where focus may be required This make analysis simple

As noted early on this cash flow report does much more than tell us how we are doing From this base we can compute

Estimated income taxesThe value of the practice (incorporated with recent marketplace data)Your personal cash flow

Which in turn can be dovetailed into your long-term financial plan

Managing Your Practice Effectively32

Managing Your Practice Effectively33

Achieving Success34

Achieving Success35

Teamwork is key to your success There are several good reasons to begin assembling a group of professionals for assistance

with your future practice needs The first is that you may need a certain amount of help as you search for Associate positions The ldquoinformalrdquo network of dental service professionals may hold more leads than all those that are published or posted

Your team may consist of many different advisors and vendors You may not use all of them in the short run but you should consider establishing relationships early on Is it important to choose team professionals that have dental specific focus and knowledge CPA (accountant ndash dental) Attorney (dental) Attorney (estate) BankerLender (dental) Supplier Equipment Manager and IT Manager Dental Placement Agency Insurance Broker ndash LifeDisability Insurance Broker ndash Malpractice Property Casualty

Achieving Success36

Financial Advisor (dental is best) Practice Management Consultant Lease Advocate (dental) Practice Broker or Transition Consultant Dental Demographer OSHADOSHWISHAHIPAA Resource Human ResourcesPersonnel Dental Practice Designers Dental Practice Construction Contractor Laboratories Marketing Consultants Mentor Dentist(s) Study Club(s) YOUR STAFF YOUR SPOUSE Etc

Which Retirement Plan Is Best37

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

Which Retirement Plan Is Best38

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500 ($26000 if

50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax contributions

of $38500 for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies39

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

Insurance Coverage40

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own or are purchasing a practice there are

several additional policies required andor highly recommended

THE TAX CUTS amp JOBS ACTImpact on Dentists ndash 2019 and Beyond

Note Proposed legislation in congress if passed could change a number of the items that follow

Current Tax Law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

41

Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act42

Vast Majority Expires after 2025 Some Items are ldquoPermanentrdquo

Meals amp Entertainment43

2021-2022

Entertainment (except staff see below) 0Meals (Business) 50 or 100 for Restaurant

ProducedMeals on Premise (for conv of ER) 50Meals Travel Away From Home 50Travel (No change) 100Staff Outings Parties Etc 100

We recommend that you separate Meals activities in your chart of accounts going forward to capture the different categories ndash including 0 Entertainment if Applicable

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions44

State amp Local Tax 2021 Forward Real Estate Personal Property Either State Income or Sales Tax Limited to $10000 (Single or joint)

Mortgage Interest Interest up to loan of $750K of new acquisition debt

Principal amp one other (qualified) residence

Acquisition Debt Obtained on or Before December 15 2017

Is Grandfathered Including qualified refinancing ($1000000 + $100000 if used for acquisition)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions45

Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions are No Longer Deductible

Miscellaneous Tax prep fees

Investmentadvisor fees

Unreimbursed employee expenses

Certain legal expenses

Job search expenses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights46

Alimony no longer deductible or included as income of the recipient after (prior to 2019 grandfathered)

ACA individual healthcare mandate repealed and reporting no longer required after 2020 (unless on Exchange)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights47

Like-Kind Exchanges

Only applies to qualified real property

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth Recharacterizations48

Contributions to traditional IRA can still be converted to Roth (Backdoor Roth Contribution Continues to Live)

bull Contributions to Roth can still be converted to traditional Just more risk Once you convert traditional to Roth you cannot then

recharacterize back to traditional

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Business Level Taxes49

2021

Deduction $1050000

Cost of Property (dollar for $2620000

Dollar Phaseout)

Indexed for inflation

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Code Section 179 (Expensing Election)

Bonus Depreciation50

2021 - 2022

100 New or Used Property

Assets purchased and placed in service after September 27 2017 are eligible for the 100 deduction

The 100 expensing will be phased down as followed80 for property placed in service in 2023

60 for 2024

40 for 2025

20 for 2026

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Bonus Depreciation v Sec 17951

Section 179 can not create or add to a loss for the tax year

Section 179 depreciation can be on an asset by asset basis

Bonus depreciation allows you to create a loss for the year Bonus depreciation will be automatic unless you opt out This must be done by class of assets example - 5 years 7 years 15 years etc (bonus no longer requires ldquonewrdquo property)

179 BonusTaxable Income

Before Depreciation $50000 $50000

Depreciation on

$100000 of assets $(50000 )(limited) $(100000)

Net Profit (loss) $0 ($50000)

copy 2018 All Rights Reserved

Passenger Vehicles52

The new law increases annual depreciation of passenger autos less than 6000 lbs gross vehicle weight

2021

Year 1 $10200

Year 2 $18200

Year 3 $9800

Year 4 $5860

amp beyond

Documentation continues to be the key

Note ldquoHeavy Vehiclesrdquo are not impacted by limitations above however large deductions are only available if documented business usage is 50 or greater and maintained to avoid ldquorecapturerdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction53

Qualified Business Income (QBI) includes sole proprietorships partnerships S-corporations and Most rentals

Does not include (S) shareholder wages(1) guaranteed payments(2) to partners or investment income (capital gains dividends interest)

Deduction calculated per each separate business

(1) Generally another good reason to claim no more salary than necessary to meet ldquoreasonable compensationrdquo standard for S Corps

(2) Partnerships may change ldquocompensationrdquo amp ldquoprofitsrdquo language to avoid disallowance of Guaranteed Payments as QBI Simple update to Operating Agreement language may resolve the issue

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction54

If taxable income is $329800 or less ($164900 if single)

Deduction is the lesser of 20 of QBI 20 of taxable income (not including capital gains)

Available for specified service businesses (but limited)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction55

If taxable income is over $426600 ($213300 single) Deduction amount is same as before but limited to the

greater of 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Not available for specified service businesses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction56

If taxable income is $315000-$415000 ($157500 - $207500 if single) 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Deduction is then phased out ratably between the limits shown above

Available for specified service businesses with limitations ndash phase-out between $329800 amp $426600 or $164900 and $213300 single)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction57

Betty amp Joe have taxable income of $300000 after all deductions

Bettyrsquos practice (a sole proprietorshipPLLC) has $375000 of net taxable (Qualified Business) income

Their deduction is 20 of the lesser of the two above or $60000 (20 x $300000)

What if Betty were an S Corporation and Paid herself $175000 Betty only receives 20 of $200000 or $40000 Decision to Elect ldquoSrdquo has a crossover point that is higher than prior law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2018)58

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

MarriedFiling Separately

Head of Household

10 Up to $9525 Up to $19050 Up to $9525 Up to $13600

12 $9526 to $38700 $19051 to $77400 $9526 to $38700 $13601 to $51800

22 $38701 to $82500 $77401 to $165000 $38701 to $82500 $51801 to $82500

24 $82501 to $157500 $165001 to $315000 $82501 to $157500 $82501 to $157500

32 $157 001 to $200000 $315001 to $400000 $157 001 to $200000 $157501 to $200000

35 $200001 to $500000 $400001 to $600000 $200001 to $500000 $200001 to $500000

37 $500000 + $600000 + $500000 + $500000 +

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2017)59

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

Married Filing Separately

Head of Household

10 $0 to $9325 $0 to $18650 $0 to $9325 $0 to $13350

15 $9326 to $37950 $18651 to $75900 $9326 to $37950 $13351 to $50800

25 $37951 to $91900 $75901 to $153100 $37951 to $76550 $50801 to $131200

28 $91901 to $191650 $153101 to $233350 $76551 to $116675 $131201 to $212500

33 $190651 to $416700 $233351 to $416700 $116676 to $208350 $212501 to $416700

35 $416701 to $418400 $416701 to $470700 $208351 to $235350 $416701 to $444550

396 Over $418400 Over $470700 Over $235350 Over $444550

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends60

Taxable Income

Tax Rate Joint Single Estates amp Trusts

0 - Less Than $ 80800 $ 40400 $ 2650

15 - At Least $ 80801 $ 40401 $ 2651

Less Than $501600 $445850 $13150

20 - More Than $501600 $445850 $13150

38 Net Investment Income Tax Continues to Apply Above $250000 $200000 AGI (not generally applicable to practice sales)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estates amp Trusts61

If Taxable Income Is Then Income Tax Rate

Not over $2650 10 of the taxable income

Over $2650 but not over $9300 24 of the excess over $2650

Over $9300 but not over $12750 35 of the excess over $9300

Over $12750 37 of the excess over $12750

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)62

2021Exemption Single $73600

Joint $114600

Phase out Single $523600

Joint $1047200

Tax Rates 26 (AMTI $199900 joint) 28 (AMTI over $199900 joint)

Winners Almost everyone in a given year ndash especially those formerly in the 28 to 35 tax brackets

When most likely to apply to dentists Very large capital gains

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Standard Deduction63

2021(inflation adjusted)

Single $12550Joint $25100Joint ndash Over 65 $27800

Winners Everyone who was previously taking the standard deduction or was close to doing so Kids with earned income Many retired individuals

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

FINANCIAL PLANNING STRATEGIES FOR NEWER DENTISTSNovember 12 2021

Sam Martin MBAtax CFPreg CPA

Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists

1 Identify and prioritize your financial goals2 Calculate your net worth and monthly cash flow3 Develop a plan to reach your financial goals 4 Maximize your tax-qualified retirement plans and your

Roth IRAs5 Ensure that you have an investment strategy aligned

with your financial goals6 Obtain adequate insurance coverage7 Ensure that you have an estate plan

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Identify and prioritize your financial goals

STRATEGY 1St1

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Financial Goals

Purchasing a Practice Purchasing a Home or a Larger Home Purchasing an Office Building Spending More Time with Family Saving for Childrenrsquos Education Debt Reduction Financial Freedom

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 1 - Action Items

With your spouse or significant other identify and prioritize your financial goals

Put them into writing

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Calculate Your Net Worth and Monthly Cash Flowthe right

STRATEGY 2Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Net Worth

Assets ndash Liabilities = Net Worth

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Assets

Bank Accounts Investment Accounts Health Savings Accounts Retirement Plan Accounts Home Office Building Practice Value Other ldquoPersonal Userdquo Assets

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Liabilities

Student Loans Home Mortgage Practice Debt Equipment Loans Office Building Mortgage Credit Cards Auto and Other Loans

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 2 Action Items

Ensure that your interest rates are as low as possible with a fixed interest rate for the most appropriate number of years

Consult one or more education loan consolidators to see if improvement is possible

Use ldquoSnowballrdquo method to pay down debts Use a budget to make proactive financial

decisions Calculate your net worth each year and compare

it to your net worth from the previous year

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Develop A Plan To Reach Your Financial Goals slide in the panel to the right

STRATEGY 3Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

The Benefits of Investing Early

Dr Early Saver Dr Late Saver

Age 35 $79676 $0

Age 45 $172015 $79676

Age 55 $371336 $251691

Age 65 $801752 $623058

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

At age 25 Dr Early Saver begins investing $5500 into an IndividualRetirement Account (IRA) each year for 10 years and then stops At age 35Dr Late Saver begins investing $5500 into an IRA for 30 years They eachretire at age 65 Assuming a growth rate of 8 here are their balances atthe end of each decade

Strategy 3 Action Items

For long-term goals begin investing early

For short-term goals accumulate as much cash as possible

Avoid credit card debt and other consumer debt

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Maximize Your Tax Qualified Retirement Plans And Your Roth IRAshe right

STRATEGY 4Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings (add spouse)

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500

($26000 if 50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax

contributions of $38500 (less matching) for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 4 Action Items

If you are working consider maximizing a retirement plan

If you are married and your spouse doesnrsquot have access to a retirement plan consider adding him or her to the retirement plan assuming that they are working or can work for the practice

Consider using a Roth IRA contribution strategy

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure That You Have An Investment Strategy Aligned With Your Financial Goals

STRATEGY 5Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Investment Approach Do You Use

Market TimingWall Street

Security SelectionWall Street

Evidence Based Asset Allocation Those educated on the peer reviewed research

surrounding long-term investment success

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Asset Allocation

Do you own short intermediate or long-term bonds or bond funds

Do you have meaningful exposure to International stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to value (discounted) stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to small company stocks

Are your funds ldquolow costrdquo and ldquotax efficientrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 5 Action Items

Ensure that your investment strategy is in alignment with your financial goals This relates back to having a written planhellip

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Obtain adequate insurance coverage

STRATEGY 6lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Insurance Coverage

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own a practice there are several

additional policies required or recommended

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 6 Action Items

Obtain inexpensive term life insurance to ensure that you have adequate life insurance

Obtain adequate disability insurance with an own occupation definition of disability and a cost of living adjustment

Obtain personal umbrella liability insurance to extend your home auto and other coverage

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure that you have an estate plan

STRATEGY 7lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estate Planning Documents

Ensure that you have a will

Ensure that you have a durable powers of attorney (financial amp healthcare)

Ensure that you have a living will or health care directives

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date

Life Insurance

Retirement Plans

IRAs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 7 Action Items

Ensure that you have a will durable power of attorney and living will or health care directives

Ensure that your beneficiary designations are up-to-date

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Conclusion

Being thoughtful about your goals ndash both financial and quality of life is essential for long-term success and happiness

Committing goals and concerns to writing implementing monitoring and updating plans separates the truly successful from the rest

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301PROACTIVE STEPS TO A SUCCESSFUL PRACTICE AND FINANCIAL LIFE

November 122021

BY Sam Martin MBA(tax) CFPreg CPA

96

  • Dental practice finance 301Financial strategies for newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Speakerrsquos Notes
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Current Tax Law
  • Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act
  • Meals amp Entertainment
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Additional Highlights
  • Additional Highlights
  • Roth Recharacterizations
  • Business Level Taxes
  • Bonus Depreciation
  • Bonus Depreciation v Sec 179
  • Passenger Vehicles
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • Individual Tax Rates (2018)
  • Individual Tax Rates (2017)
  • Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends
  • Estates amp Trusts
  • Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)
  • Standard Deduction
  • financial Planning strategies for Newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists
  • STRATEGY 1St1
  • Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness
  • What Are Your Financial Goals
  • Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other
  • Strategy 1 - Action Items
  • STRATEGY 2Slide Title
  • What Is Your Net Worth
  • What Are Your Assets
  • What Are Your Liabilities
  • Strategy 2 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 3Slide Title
  • The Benefits of Investing Early
  • Strategy 3 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 4Slide Title
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Strategy 4 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 5Slide Title
  • Which Investment Approach Do You Use
  • What Is Your Asset Allocation
  • Strategy 5 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 6lide Title
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Strategy 6 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 7lide Title
  • Estate Planning Documents
  • Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date
  • Strategy 7 Action Items
  • Conclusion
  • Dental practice finance 301Proactive Steps to a Successful Practice and Financial LifeNovember 122021
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 275 $ 2200 $ 35200 $ 422400 $ - 0 1 $ 422400
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258 1 $ 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 576000 $ 186163 3232
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 1 $ 460800
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 460800 $ 106906 2320
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes Total Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 7373 81101
Assistant - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Front Desk - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Office Manager - - - - 40000 4000 44000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 537600 $ 99533 1851
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
Page 5: DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

What is Not (direct) Overhead

Those expenses that are arbitrary represent doctor compensation or benefits or are related to financing or non-cash tax deductions Doctor salary or draw and taxes Doctor perks and benefits Costs of Financing Depreciation and amortization

5

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples The definition of overhead (or operating profit) is important to be able

to analyze a practice Yours or one you might purchase

Practice 1 Practice 2Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000 Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800 FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250 Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983

Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000 Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083 Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017 Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008 Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542 Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Apples to Apples When reviewing financial statements and tax returns there are differences between practices

that need to be filtered out andor ldquonormalizedrdquo

One significant difference is the type of tax entity An incorporated practice will include the doctors salary and payroll taxes whereas an unincorporated practice will not (sole proprietors and partners in partnerships simply ldquodrawrdquo the profit from the practice ndash which is not reflected as a tax deduction)

Another difference between practices is debt Notice that practice two has loan interest and practice 1 does not When you purchase a practice the existing debt will be paid off and therefore the selling doctorrsquos debt is filtered out as it does not affect you the buyer

Another sometimes significant item on the tax return or financial statement is depreciation This is a ldquonon-cashrdquo income tax deduction that must be filtered out

One of the more challenging items can be to accurately ferret out the ldquoperksrdquo that a doctor is providing for him or herself Some may be obvious Automobile travel entertainment Some may be commingled with staff benefits such as medical and other insurances or in staff pay (spouse or other family member compensation)

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Overhead FormulaDirect Operating Overhead

Net Collections= Overhead Percentage

Example $361000 $600000= 6016

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Production and Collections

Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range

Staff Member Hourly

Production Hourly

Production Daily Daily Annual Annual

Doctor 275$ 500$ 2200$ 4000$ 422400$ 768000$ Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 153600$ 230400$

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 1

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 250$ 2000$ 32000$ 384000$ -$ 1 384000$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - -$ - Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 384000$ 70042$ 1824

313958 Practice 2

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 192000$ 79258 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355 Office Manager - - - - 44000 - - Grand Total 729600$ 219341$ 3006

510259

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

Practice 3

Staff Member Hourly Prod

Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed

Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 350$ 2800$ 44800$ 537600$ -$ 1 537600$ Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 384000$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 921600$ 309421$ 3357

612179

Practice 4

Staff Member Hourly

Prod Daily Prod Monthly

Annual Prod Cost

Employed Actual Prod

Actual Cost

Doctor 500$ 4000$ 64000$ 768000$ -$ 1 768000$ Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 460800$ 158515 Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592 Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178 Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000 Grand Total 1228800$ 346285$ 2818

882515

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

PRACTICE 1Production Doctor 384000$ Production Hygiene - Total Production 384000 32000 Collections at 98 376320 10000

Staff Costs (70042) -1861Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -930Total Overhead (197780) -5256

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 4744

1 RDH 2 Assist OM up frontPRACTICE 2Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 192000 Total Production 729600 60800 Collections at 98 715008 10000

Staff Costs (219341) -3068Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800Facility Costs (35000) -490Total Overhead (408042) -5707

Operating Cash-Flow 306966$ 4256

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples

2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 3Production Doctor 537600$ Production Hygiene 384000 Total Production 921600 76800 Collections at 98 903168 10000

Staff Costs (309421) -3426Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -443Total Overhead (541991) -6001

Operating Cash-Flow 361177$ 3999

2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up frontPRACTICE 4Production Doctor 768000$ Production Hygiene 460800 Total Production 1228800 102400 Collections at 98 1204224 10000

Staff Costs (346285) -2876Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800Facility Costs (40000) -332Total Overhead (633045) -5257

Operating Cash-Flow 571179$ 4743

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Understanding Overhead and Profitability

Practice Examples Summary

Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4

Operating Cash-Flow 178540$ 306966$ 361177$ 571179$ Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692) Pre-Tax Income 108322$ 190054$ 222485$ 432487$

This is what Practice 3 would look like if grown to be Practice 4

other

Staff Cost Examples

staff cost and prod

Financial Plan

Cash Flow

Practices

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Trust everyone but cut the cardshellip Screen the Opportunity Before you pursue it

Scott McDonald doctordemographicscom Realscore Realscorecom

15

Valuation (Brief Overview)

Analysis and Due Diligence Overall valuation ndash is it reasonable Wage and Benefit Analysis Fees Schedules

Understanding any managed care programs is essential

Production By Code Chart Audit

Demographics Clinical audit ndash how does sellerrsquos approach

compare to yours Lots of dentistry to do or all done

Analysis also prepares you to understand the strengths and weaknesses of your new practice ndash it prepares you

16

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process Negotiating Purchase Price amp Creating Legal

Documents Negotiating the Purchase and Sale Documents Negotiating the Tax Allocation

Strategic tax allocation can save you thousands Obtaining Competitive Financing

It is your loan ndash you are entitled to a competitive negotiated ldquobestrdquo terms and to understand all of the terms

Determine working capital (Cash Flow) and other capital needs

Negotiating the Lease You are now a sophisticated Business Person You lose most of the protections afforded (mere)

consumers

17

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Choosing the best legaltax entity Accounting and Payroll Processes Practice Management Systems

Recall Scheduling Restorative Scheduling Financial Policies and Tracking New Patient Process HIPAA OSHADOSH

Staff Transition and HR Processes (you are now a sophisticated employer) Wage and Benefits HR Policies Procedures and Related Staff Communications (Huddle Meetings etc)

18

Valuation (Brief Overview)

The Process ndash Hit the Ground Running Setting up your practice

Profit Builders Fee Schedule Coding Soft Tissue Management Program Radiographs Recall Optimization Pedo Program

Marketing Program External to enhance your early success Internal to retain existing and new patients and generate

internal referrals Leverage Internet amp Social Media

Financial Systems and Monitors Carry forward of Cash Flow Plan

Tax Management Proactive Tax Planning Integrate with Personal Financial Planning

19

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Year of Purchase or Scratch Start Strategic Negotiation of Purchase Price Can Save Thousands In some cases clever allocation can achieve ldquowin-winrdquo allocation where all

the parties (except the IRS) come out ahead Your CPA should be familiar with the principals and Case Law surrounding

Cost Segregation and Class 570 Property Utilize your elections to optimize your deductions in Year 1 or Year 2 Sometimes saving deductions will pay off if future years will be in a higher

bracket Tax optimization planning is crucial

20

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Two Separate and Distinct Issues State Law (Legal Issues) Federal Law (Tax Issues)

Basic Choices For Solo Ownership Sole Proprietorship (default) No legal protection Simple for tax purposes (part of your personal return)

Professional Limited Liability Company (PLLC) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) Ignored for Federal Tax Purposes (treated as sole prop) Can easily convert to S Corporation Status later

Professional Corporation (PS or PC for State Purposes) Provides business liability protection (imperfect barrier) More Complex for Taxes ndash Planning and Separate Tax Return Required

More expensive to maintain

21

Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)

Federal Taxation ndash Corporation (Choice) C Corporation (generally avoid)

Complex Pays its own tax Subject to many complexities and disadvantages in almost

all cases S Corporation

Can make great sense and save significant taxes at higher net taxable income

Is typically a poor choice initially (with exception) Tax basis issues ndash loans made to corporation do not count Additional annual cost and complexity versus PLLC Potential Benefit Purposely suspending start-up losses

Other dorsquos and donrsquots (General) Do not purchase the shares of someone elsersquos corporation ndash

there are negative tax AND legal issues Do not ldquobuy-inrdquo to an existing corporation (there are more

effective and flexible ways to achieve ldquopartnershiprdquo)

22

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Additional Special Deductions In Year of Purchase or Scratch Start ASSETS

Professional Library Lab Equipment Dental Hand Instruments Office Computer Equipment

related to practice Furniture Fixtures etc related to

practice Automobile (If actual expense

method is determined advantageous)

23

EXPENDITURESOffice SuppliesParkingLegal and Accounting FeesMalpractice InsuranceBusiness Meals Auto MileagePostageCourier Services Copying and ReproductionTravel and HotelContinuing Education SeminarsOther

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

24

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Tax Management Proactive forecast of your taxes is key to avoiding a bad surprise Part of your overall cash flow planning Establish Automated Funding Weekly to money market

Proactive Tax Planning Tax management forms the base from which to work Assertive review and action can work to reduce taxes in a variety

of ways Retirement Plans (Pay yourself and write it off) There are several types of retirement plans available to optimize

your income tax deduction and potentially limit related staff cost

25

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Key Issue Running a study is best method (update annually) SEPrsquos

Can fund up to $58000 (2021) but staff cost is an issue SIMPLE-IRA

May fund up to $13500 ($27000 wspouse) plus 3 of your eligible wages and limits staff cost to max 3 of eligible wages

401(k) (w Profit Sharing) Can fund up to $58000 total ndash staff costs vary but some

plan designs allow proportionately lower funding for staff (better costbenefit) Adding a spouse can increase your funding by another $20000+

26

Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make

Automobiles Various ways to optimize this deduction Documentation is key

Travel Meals and Entertainment Learn the rules to optimize and document

Lot of other strategies to exploit to your advantage

27

Associateship Tips 28

Associateship Tips 29

Non-Compete Agreement If possible avoid If required would this lock you out of area in which you want to

practice If required and in your desired area request delay feature Ask for Non-Solicitation vs Non-Compete Non-compete not effective for 180 days Review by dental attorney (Washington State New Law) and CPA

Compensation Aspects Prefer per diem if volume is low or questionable Prefer percentage if volume is high Many different formulas for percentage

28 to 33 - may be adjusted for lab Question commitment to patient flow

Is there a written plan Is staff on board Was there a prior associate What was their production track

record

Associateship Tips 30

Tax Aspects As employee (W-2) you may have expenses that are non-deductible Solution Add verbiage to contract to be reimbursed for clearly tax

deductible items as reduction to gross pay Saves you income tax and FICA tax Saves employer FICA tax Items would include Dues subscriptions licenses CE etc

Get clarity on what items the employer will pay for you

Contractor status can be beneficial to you if you have significant expense to deduct You pay employer and employee FICA

Request higher compensation percentage Subject to IRS scrutiny ndash most of the risk on the employer side

Funding your own retirement plan is possible (but subject to significant downside risk if IRS successfully challenges Contractor status)

Managing Your Practice Effectively31

Benchmarks

It has been said that what you can measure you can monitor and what you monitor tends to improve

Taking benchmark information and customizing for your practice allows you to see how you are doing and where focus may be required This make analysis simple

As noted early on this cash flow report does much more than tell us how we are doing From this base we can compute

Estimated income taxesThe value of the practice (incorporated with recent marketplace data)Your personal cash flow

Which in turn can be dovetailed into your long-term financial plan

Managing Your Practice Effectively32

Managing Your Practice Effectively33

Achieving Success34

Achieving Success35

Teamwork is key to your success There are several good reasons to begin assembling a group of professionals for assistance

with your future practice needs The first is that you may need a certain amount of help as you search for Associate positions The ldquoinformalrdquo network of dental service professionals may hold more leads than all those that are published or posted

Your team may consist of many different advisors and vendors You may not use all of them in the short run but you should consider establishing relationships early on Is it important to choose team professionals that have dental specific focus and knowledge CPA (accountant ndash dental) Attorney (dental) Attorney (estate) BankerLender (dental) Supplier Equipment Manager and IT Manager Dental Placement Agency Insurance Broker ndash LifeDisability Insurance Broker ndash Malpractice Property Casualty

Achieving Success36

Financial Advisor (dental is best) Practice Management Consultant Lease Advocate (dental) Practice Broker or Transition Consultant Dental Demographer OSHADOSHWISHAHIPAA Resource Human ResourcesPersonnel Dental Practice Designers Dental Practice Construction Contractor Laboratories Marketing Consultants Mentor Dentist(s) Study Club(s) YOUR STAFF YOUR SPOUSE Etc

Which Retirement Plan Is Best37

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

Which Retirement Plan Is Best38

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500 ($26000 if

50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax contributions

of $38500 for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies39

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

Insurance Coverage40

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own or are purchasing a practice there are

several additional policies required andor highly recommended

THE TAX CUTS amp JOBS ACTImpact on Dentists ndash 2019 and Beyond

Note Proposed legislation in congress if passed could change a number of the items that follow

Current Tax Law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

41

Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act42

Vast Majority Expires after 2025 Some Items are ldquoPermanentrdquo

Meals amp Entertainment43

2021-2022

Entertainment (except staff see below) 0Meals (Business) 50 or 100 for Restaurant

ProducedMeals on Premise (for conv of ER) 50Meals Travel Away From Home 50Travel (No change) 100Staff Outings Parties Etc 100

We recommend that you separate Meals activities in your chart of accounts going forward to capture the different categories ndash including 0 Entertainment if Applicable

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions44

State amp Local Tax 2021 Forward Real Estate Personal Property Either State Income or Sales Tax Limited to $10000 (Single or joint)

Mortgage Interest Interest up to loan of $750K of new acquisition debt

Principal amp one other (qualified) residence

Acquisition Debt Obtained on or Before December 15 2017

Is Grandfathered Including qualified refinancing ($1000000 + $100000 if used for acquisition)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Itemized Deductions45

Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions are No Longer Deductible

Miscellaneous Tax prep fees

Investmentadvisor fees

Unreimbursed employee expenses

Certain legal expenses

Job search expenses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights46

Alimony no longer deductible or included as income of the recipient after (prior to 2019 grandfathered)

ACA individual healthcare mandate repealed and reporting no longer required after 2020 (unless on Exchange)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Additional Highlights47

Like-Kind Exchanges

Only applies to qualified real property

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth Recharacterizations48

Contributions to traditional IRA can still be converted to Roth (Backdoor Roth Contribution Continues to Live)

bull Contributions to Roth can still be converted to traditional Just more risk Once you convert traditional to Roth you cannot then

recharacterize back to traditional

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Business Level Taxes49

2021

Deduction $1050000

Cost of Property (dollar for $2620000

Dollar Phaseout)

Indexed for inflation

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Code Section 179 (Expensing Election)

Bonus Depreciation50

2021 - 2022

100 New or Used Property

Assets purchased and placed in service after September 27 2017 are eligible for the 100 deduction

The 100 expensing will be phased down as followed80 for property placed in service in 2023

60 for 2024

40 for 2025

20 for 2026

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Bonus Depreciation v Sec 17951

Section 179 can not create or add to a loss for the tax year

Section 179 depreciation can be on an asset by asset basis

Bonus depreciation allows you to create a loss for the year Bonus depreciation will be automatic unless you opt out This must be done by class of assets example - 5 years 7 years 15 years etc (bonus no longer requires ldquonewrdquo property)

179 BonusTaxable Income

Before Depreciation $50000 $50000

Depreciation on

$100000 of assets $(50000 )(limited) $(100000)

Net Profit (loss) $0 ($50000)

copy 2018 All Rights Reserved

Passenger Vehicles52

The new law increases annual depreciation of passenger autos less than 6000 lbs gross vehicle weight

2021

Year 1 $10200

Year 2 $18200

Year 3 $9800

Year 4 $5860

amp beyond

Documentation continues to be the key

Note ldquoHeavy Vehiclesrdquo are not impacted by limitations above however large deductions are only available if documented business usage is 50 or greater and maintained to avoid ldquorecapturerdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction53

Qualified Business Income (QBI) includes sole proprietorships partnerships S-corporations and Most rentals

Does not include (S) shareholder wages(1) guaranteed payments(2) to partners or investment income (capital gains dividends interest)

Deduction calculated per each separate business

(1) Generally another good reason to claim no more salary than necessary to meet ldquoreasonable compensationrdquo standard for S Corps

(2) Partnerships may change ldquocompensationrdquo amp ldquoprofitsrdquo language to avoid disallowance of Guaranteed Payments as QBI Simple update to Operating Agreement language may resolve the issue

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction54

If taxable income is $329800 or less ($164900 if single)

Deduction is the lesser of 20 of QBI 20 of taxable income (not including capital gains)

Available for specified service businesses (but limited)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction55

If taxable income is over $426600 ($213300 single) Deduction amount is same as before but limited to the

greater of 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Not available for specified service businesses

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction56

If taxable income is $315000-$415000 ($157500 - $207500 if single) 50 of allocable W-2 wages paid by business or 25 of allocable W-2 wages plus 25 unadjusted basis of

depreciable tangible property

Deduction is then phased out ratably between the limits shown above

Available for specified service businesses with limitations ndash phase-out between $329800 amp $426600 or $164900 and $213300 single)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

20 Qualified Business Income Deduction57

Betty amp Joe have taxable income of $300000 after all deductions

Bettyrsquos practice (a sole proprietorshipPLLC) has $375000 of net taxable (Qualified Business) income

Their deduction is 20 of the lesser of the two above or $60000 (20 x $300000)

What if Betty were an S Corporation and Paid herself $175000 Betty only receives 20 of $200000 or $40000 Decision to Elect ldquoSrdquo has a crossover point that is higher than prior law

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2018)58

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

MarriedFiling Separately

Head of Household

10 Up to $9525 Up to $19050 Up to $9525 Up to $13600

12 $9526 to $38700 $19051 to $77400 $9526 to $38700 $13601 to $51800

22 $38701 to $82500 $77401 to $165000 $38701 to $82500 $51801 to $82500

24 $82501 to $157500 $165001 to $315000 $82501 to $157500 $82501 to $157500

32 $157 001 to $200000 $315001 to $400000 $157 001 to $200000 $157501 to $200000

35 $200001 to $500000 $400001 to $600000 $200001 to $500000 $200001 to $500000

37 $500000 + $600000 + $500000 + $500000 +

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Individual Tax Rates (2017)59

Tax Rate

Single Filers

Married Filing Jointly

Married Filing Separately

Head of Household

10 $0 to $9325 $0 to $18650 $0 to $9325 $0 to $13350

15 $9326 to $37950 $18651 to $75900 $9326 to $37950 $13351 to $50800

25 $37951 to $91900 $75901 to $153100 $37951 to $76550 $50801 to $131200

28 $91901 to $191650 $153101 to $233350 $76551 to $116675 $131201 to $212500

33 $190651 to $416700 $233351 to $416700 $116676 to $208350 $212501 to $416700

35 $416701 to $418400 $416701 to $470700 $208351 to $235350 $416701 to $444550

396 Over $418400 Over $470700 Over $235350 Over $444550

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends60

Taxable Income

Tax Rate Joint Single Estates amp Trusts

0 - Less Than $ 80800 $ 40400 $ 2650

15 - At Least $ 80801 $ 40401 $ 2651

Less Than $501600 $445850 $13150

20 - More Than $501600 $445850 $13150

38 Net Investment Income Tax Continues to Apply Above $250000 $200000 AGI (not generally applicable to practice sales)

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estates amp Trusts61

If Taxable Income Is Then Income Tax Rate

Not over $2650 10 of the taxable income

Over $2650 but not over $9300 24 of the excess over $2650

Over $9300 but not over $12750 35 of the excess over $9300

Over $12750 37 of the excess over $12750

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)62

2021Exemption Single $73600

Joint $114600

Phase out Single $523600

Joint $1047200

Tax Rates 26 (AMTI $199900 joint) 28 (AMTI over $199900 joint)

Winners Almost everyone in a given year ndash especially those formerly in the 28 to 35 tax brackets

When most likely to apply to dentists Very large capital gains

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Standard Deduction63

2021(inflation adjusted)

Single $12550Joint $25100Joint ndash Over 65 $27800

Winners Everyone who was previously taking the standard deduction or was close to doing so Kids with earned income Many retired individuals

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

FINANCIAL PLANNING STRATEGIES FOR NEWER DENTISTSNovember 12 2021

Sam Martin MBAtax CFPreg CPA

Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists

1 Identify and prioritize your financial goals2 Calculate your net worth and monthly cash flow3 Develop a plan to reach your financial goals 4 Maximize your tax-qualified retirement plans and your

Roth IRAs5 Ensure that you have an investment strategy aligned

with your financial goals6 Obtain adequate insurance coverage7 Ensure that you have an estate plan

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Identify and prioritize your financial goals

STRATEGY 1St1

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Financial Goals

Purchasing a Practice Purchasing a Home or a Larger Home Purchasing an Office Building Spending More Time with Family Saving for Childrenrsquos Education Debt Reduction Financial Freedom

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 1 - Action Items

With your spouse or significant other identify and prioritize your financial goals

Put them into writing

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Calculate Your Net Worth and Monthly Cash Flowthe right

STRATEGY 2Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Net Worth

Assets ndash Liabilities = Net Worth

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Assets

Bank Accounts Investment Accounts Health Savings Accounts Retirement Plan Accounts Home Office Building Practice Value Other ldquoPersonal Userdquo Assets

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Are Your Liabilities

Student Loans Home Mortgage Practice Debt Equipment Loans Office Building Mortgage Credit Cards Auto and Other Loans

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 2 Action Items

Ensure that your interest rates are as low as possible with a fixed interest rate for the most appropriate number of years

Consult one or more education loan consolidators to see if improvement is possible

Use ldquoSnowballrdquo method to pay down debts Use a budget to make proactive financial

decisions Calculate your net worth each year and compare

it to your net worth from the previous year

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Develop A Plan To Reach Your Financial Goals slide in the panel to the right

STRATEGY 3Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

The Benefits of Investing Early

Dr Early Saver Dr Late Saver

Age 35 $79676 $0

Age 45 $172015 $79676

Age 55 $371336 $251691

Age 65 $801752 $623058

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

At age 25 Dr Early Saver begins investing $5500 into an IndividualRetirement Account (IRA) each year for 10 years and then stops At age 35Dr Late Saver begins investing $5500 into an IRA for 30 years They eachretire at age 65 Assuming a growth rate of 8 here are their balances atthe end of each decade

Strategy 3 Action Items

For long-term goals begin investing early

For short-term goals accumulate as much cash as possible

Avoid credit card debt and other consumer debt

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Maximize Your Tax Qualified Retirement Plans And Your Roth IRAshe right

STRATEGY 4Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

SIMPLE IRA SIMPLE IRAs allow pre-tax deferrals of $13500

($16500 if 50 or older) ndash plus a match = to 3 of your earnings (add spouse)

Staff contributions of 2 for all eligible employees or a 3 matching contribution is required

A spouse working minimal hours may be eligible to participate

No separate tax returns required No administrative costs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Retirement Plan Is Best

Profit Sharing amp 401(k) Plans 401(k) plans allow pre-tax deferrals of $19500

($26000 if 50 or older) Profit sharing plans allow additional pre-tax

contributions of $38500 (less matching) for total profit sharing and 401(k) presentations of contributions of $58000 ($64500 if 50 or older)

Required staff contributions will vary with the age and income of your staff

An additional tax return and administrative costs will apply

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Roth IRA Contribution Strategies

If your tax status is married filing jointly you cannot make a full Roth IRA contribution if your modified adjusted gross income is more than $198000 if married and filing jointly (or $125000 if single) buthellip

hellipyou can make a contribution to a non-deductible IRA and immediately convert it to a Roth IRA (as long as you have no other taxable IRA assets) ldquoIndirect or ldquoBackdoorrdquo Rothrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 4 Action Items

If you are working consider maximizing a retirement plan

If you are married and your spouse doesnrsquot have access to a retirement plan consider adding him or her to the retirement plan assuming that they are working or can work for the practice

Consider using a Roth IRA contribution strategy

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure That You Have An Investment Strategy Aligned With Your Financial Goals

STRATEGY 5Slide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Which Investment Approach Do You Use

Market TimingWall Street

Security SelectionWall Street

Evidence Based Asset Allocation Those educated on the peer reviewed research

surrounding long-term investment success

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

What Is Your Asset Allocation

Do you own short intermediate or long-term bonds or bond funds

Do you have meaningful exposure to International stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to value (discounted) stocks

Do you have meaningful exposure to small company stocks

Are your funds ldquolow costrdquo and ldquotax efficientrdquo

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 5 Action Items

Ensure that your investment strategy is in alignment with your financial goals This relates back to having a written planhellip

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Obtain adequate insurance coverage

STRATEGY 6lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Insurance Coverage

Ensure that you have adequate life insurance Ensure that you have adequate disability

insurance Ensure that you have personal umbrella liability

insurance If you own a practice there are several

additional policies required or recommended

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 6 Action Items

Obtain inexpensive term life insurance to ensure that you have adequate life insurance

Obtain adequate disability insurance with an own occupation definition of disability and a cost of living adjustment

Obtain personal umbrella liability insurance to extend your home auto and other coverage

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Ensure that you have an estate plan

STRATEGY 7lide Title

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Estate Planning Documents

Ensure that you have a will

Ensure that you have a durable powers of attorney (financial amp healthcare)

Ensure that you have a living will or health care directives

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date

Life Insurance

Retirement Plans

IRAs

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Strategy 7 Action Items

Ensure that you have a will durable power of attorney and living will or health care directives

Ensure that your beneficiary designations are up-to-date

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

Conclusion

Being thoughtful about your goals ndash both financial and quality of life is essential for long-term success and happiness

Committing goals and concerns to writing implementing monitoring and updating plans separates the truly successful from the rest

copy 2018-2021 All Rights Reserved

DENTAL PRACTICE FINANCE 301PROACTIVE STEPS TO A SUCCESSFUL PRACTICE AND FINANCIAL LIFE

November 122021

BY Sam Martin MBA(tax) CFPreg CPA

96

  • Dental practice finance 301Financial strategies for newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Speakerrsquos Notes
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead amp Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Understanding Overhead and Profitability
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Valuation (Brief Overview)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning (Choice of Entity)
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Tax Planning Holding on to More of What you Make
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Associateship Tips
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Managing Your Practice Effectively
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Achieving Success
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Current Tax Law
  • Introduction to the Tax Cuts amp Jobs Act
  • Meals amp Entertainment
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Additional Highlights
  • Additional Highlights
  • Roth Recharacterizations
  • Business Level Taxes
  • Bonus Depreciation
  • Bonus Depreciation v Sec 179
  • Passenger Vehicles
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • 20 Qualified Business Income Deduction
  • Individual Tax Rates (2018)
  • Individual Tax Rates (2017)
  • Capital Gains amp Qualified Dividends
  • Estates amp Trusts
  • Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)
  • Standard Deduction
  • financial Planning strategies for Newer dentistsNovember 12 2021
  • Financial Planning Strategies for Newer Dentists
  • STRATEGY 1St1
  • Money Canrsquot Buy Happiness
  • What Are Your Financial Goals
  • Are You In Alignment with Your Spouse or Significant Other
  • Strategy 1 - Action Items
  • STRATEGY 2Slide Title
  • What Is Your Net Worth
  • What Are Your Assets
  • What Are Your Liabilities
  • Strategy 2 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 3Slide Title
  • The Benefits of Investing Early
  • Strategy 3 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 4Slide Title
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Which Retirement Plan Is Best
  • Roth IRA Contribution Strategies
  • Strategy 4 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 5Slide Title
  • Which Investment Approach Do You Use
  • What Is Your Asset Allocation
  • Strategy 5 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 6lide Title
  • Insurance Coverage
  • Strategy 6 Action Items
  • STRATEGY 7lide Title
  • Estate Planning Documents
  • Are Your Beneficiary Designations Up To Date
  • Strategy 7 Action Items
  • Conclusion
  • Dental practice finance 301Proactive Steps to a Successful Practice and Financial LifeNovember 122021
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 3 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 384000 Production Doctor $ 537600
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 192000
Total Production 384000 32000 Total Production 729600 60800
Collections at 98 376320 10000 Collections at 98 715008 10000
Staff Costs (70042) -1861 Staff Costs (219341) -3068
Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -664 Fixed Direct Costs (25000) -350
Variable Direct Costs (67738) 1800 Variable Direct Costs (128701) 1800
Facility Costs (35000) -930 Facility Costs (35000) -490
Total Overhead (197780) -5256 Total Overhead (408042) -5707
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 4744 Operating Cash-Flow $ 306966 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 537600 Production Doctor $ 768000
Production Hygiene 384000 Production Hygiene 460800
Total Production 921600 76800 Total Production 1228800 102400
Collections at 98 903168 10000 Collections at 98 1204224 10000
Staff Costs (309421) -3426 Staff Costs (346285) -2876
Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -332 Fixed Direct Costs (30000) -249
Variable Direct Costs (162570) -1800 Variable Direct Costs (216760) -1800
Facility Costs (40000) -443 Facility Costs (40000) -332
Total Overhead (541991) -6001 Total Overhead (633045) -5257
Operating Cash-Flow $ 361177 3999 Operating Cash-Flow $ 571179 4743
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 178540 $ 306966 $ 361177 $ 571179
Debt Service (70218) (116912) (138692) (138692)
Pre-Tax Income $ 108322 $ 190054 $ 222485 $ 432487
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 376320 715008 903168
Operating Cash-Flow 178540 306966 361177
Goodwill 285665 491145 577883
AR 47040 89376 112896
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 387705 645521 765779
10303 9028 8479
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (138692) (11558)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 81173 6764 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ (14827) $ (1236)
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 20 $ 460800 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1228800 $ 346285 2818
882515
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 1 $ 192000 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 219341 3006
510259
Practice 3
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 2 $ 384000 158515
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 309421 3357
612179
Practice 4
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 79258 25 $ 576000 198144
Assistant - - - - 36864 3 110592
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 1 44000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 385914 2871
958086
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Practice 1
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 250 $ 2000 $ 32000 $ 384000 $ - 0 1 $ 384000
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 1 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 384000 $ 70042 1824
313958
Practice 2
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 275 $ 2200 $ 35200 $ 422400 $ - 0 1 $ 422400
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258 1 $ 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 576000 $ 186163 3232
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes amp Typical Benefits Total Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 73728 12902 86630
Assistant - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Front Desk - - - - 33178 5806 38984
Office Manager - - - - 40000 7000 47000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0
Hygienist 100 800 12800 153600 79258
Assistant - - - - 36864
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000
Typical Range Typical Range Typical Range
Staff Member Hourly Production Hourly Production Daily Daily Annual Annual
Doctor $ 275 $ 500 $ 2200 $ 4000 $ 422400 $ 768000
Hygienist 100 150 800 1200 $ 153600 $ 230400
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 300 $ 2400 $ 38400 $ 460800 $ - 0 1 $ 460800
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 79258 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 36864 2 73728
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 44000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 460800 $ 106906 2320
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
No hygiene 1 RDH 2 Assist OM up front
PRACTICE 1 PRACTICE 2
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 422400
Production Hygiene - 0 Production Hygiene 176640
Total Production 422400 35200 Total Production 599040 49920
Collections at 98 413952 10000 Collections at 98 587059 10000
Staff Costs (90750) -2192 Staff Costs (161700) -2754
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -966 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -681
Variable Direct Costs (66232) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (93929) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -725 Facility Costs (30000) -511
Total Overhead (226982) -5483 Total Overhead (325629) -5547
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 4517 Operating Cash-Flow $ 261430 4256
2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 up front 2 RDH 2 Assist 2 Front Desk
PRACTICE 3 PRACTICE 4
Production Doctor $ 422400 Production Doctor $ 537600 ($350 hr)
Production Hygiene 353280 Production Hygiene 384000 ($125 hr)
Total Production 775680 64640 Total Production 921600 76800
Collections at 98 760166 10000 Collections at 98 903168 10000
Staff Costs (269675) -3548 Staff Costs (269675) -2986
Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -526 Fixed Direct Costs (40000) -443
Variable Direct Costs (121627) -1600 Variable Direct Costs (144507) -1600
Facility Costs (30000) -395 Facility Costs (30000) -332
Total Overhead (461302) -6068 Total Overhead (484182) -5361
Operating Cash-Flow $ 298865 3932 Operating Cash-Flow $ 418986 4639
Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3 Practice 4
Operating Cash-Flow $ 186970 $ 261430 $ 298865 $ 418986
Debt Service (73513) (100820) (117398) (117398)
Pre-Tax Income $ 113457 $ 160610 $ 181467 $ 301588
Typical Practice Purchase
1 2 3
Collections 413952 587059 760166
Operating Cash-Flow 186970 261430 298865
Goodwill 299151 418288 478184
AR 51744 73382 95021
Equipment 35000 45000 55000
Closing Costs 20000 20000 20000
Finance 405895 556670 648204
9805 9482 8527
Cash Flow Plan
Annual Monthly
Operating Cash Flow $ 298865 $ 24905
Doctors Insurance CE Travel Etc $ (12000) (1000)
Debt Service (117398) (9783)
Future UpgradesReplacements (12000) (1000)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (4583) 298865
Discretionary Income 102467 8539 (52500) Interest
Draw (Personal Budget) (60000) (5000) (50000) Depreciation
Retirement Funding (18000) (1500) 196365
Additional Investments (12000) (1000)
Education Funding (6000) (500)
Excess $ 6467 $ 539
Case Study
Financial Freedom Achieved in 17 Years
Inflation 3
Retirement Return 10
After Tax Return 7
Education Fund Return 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Operating Profit 300000 315000 330750 347288 364652 382884 402029 422130 443237 465398 488668 513102 538757 565695 593979 623678 654862 687605 721986 758085
Dr Expenses (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Debt Service (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) (124164) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Upgrades (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (14758) (15201) (15657) (16127) (16611) (17109) (17622) (18151) (18696) (19256) (19834) (20429) (21042)
Income amp FICA Taxes (55000) (60000) (65000) (74000) (95000) (125000) (137000) (148000) (155133) (162889) (171034) (179586) (188565) (197993) (207893) (218287) (229202) (240662) (252695) (265330)
Discretionary Income 96836 106116 116124 122898 118476 105898 112207 244613 257701 271194 285380 300295 315974 332457 349785 368000 387148 407275 428432 450671
Draw (60000) (63000) (66150) (69458) (72930) (76577) (80406) (122987) (126677) (130477) (134392) (138423) (142576) (146853) (151259) (155797) (160471) (165285) (170243) (175351)
Retirement Funding (18000) (18540) (19096) (19669) (20259) (20867) (21493) (22138) (22802) (23486) (24190) (24916) (25664) (26434) (27227) (28043) (28885) (29751) (30644) (31563)
Additional Investments (12000) (12360) (12731) (13113) (13506) (13911) (14329) (90000) (110000) (110000) (120000) (130000) (140000) (153000) (170000) (180000) (190000) (200000) (220000) (240000)
Education Funding (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000) (6000)
Net 836 6216 12147 14659 5780 (11457) (10020) 3488 (7778) 1231 798 955 1734 170 1299 4160 7792 12239 7545 3757
Inflation Adjusted Target 100000 103000 106090 109273 112551 115927 119405 122987 126677 130477 134392 138423 142576 146853 151259 155797 160471 165285 170243 175351
Assets Required (6) 1666667 1716667 1768167 1821212 1875848 1932123 1990087 2049790 2111283 2174622 2239861 2307056 2376268 2447556 2520983 2596612 2674511 2754746 2837388 2922510
Retirement Funds 18000 38340 61270 87066 116032 148502 184845 225468 270816 321384 377713 440400 510104 587548 673529 768926 874703 991925 1121761 1265500
Investment Funds 12000 25200 39695 55586 72983 92003 112772 210666 335413 468892 621714 795234 990901 1213264 1468192 1750966 2063533 2407981 2796539 3232297
Total 30000 63540 100965 142652 189015 240506 297618 436134 606229 790276 999427 1235635 1501005 1800812 2141722 2519891 2938236 3399905 3918300 4497797
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost Taxes Total Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 7373 81101
Assistant - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Front Desk - - - - 33178 3318 36495
Office Manager - - - - 40000 4000 44000
Staff Member Hourly Production Daily Production Monthly Annual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178
Front Desk - - - - 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 - 0 $ - 0 -
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 537600 $ 99533 1851
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 1 $ 192000 73728
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 2 66355
Office Manager - - - - 40000 - 0 - 0
Grand Total $ 729600 $ 206438 2829
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 350 $ 2800 $ 44800 $ 537600 $ - 0 1 $ 537600
Hygienist 125 1000 16000 192000 73728 2 $ 384000 147456
Assistant - - - - 33178 2 66355
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 921600 $ 286989 3114
Staff Member Hourly Prod Daily Prod Monthly Annual Prod Cost Employed Actual Prod Actual Cost
Doctor $ 500 $ 4000 $ 64000 $ 768000 $ - 0 1 $ 768000
Hygienist 150 1200 19200 230400 73728 25 $ 576000 184320
Assistant - - - - 33178 3 99533
Front Desk - - - - 33178 1 33178
Office Manager - - - - 40000 1 40000
Grand Total $ 1344000 $ 357030 2656
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 198000 3300 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 90000 1500 72000 1200
Variable Direct Costs 108000 1800 102000 1700
Total Overhead 396000 6600 342000 5700
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Operating Cash-Flow 204000 3400 258000 4300
Loan Payments (106188) -1770 (106188) -1770
Operating Cash-Flow 97812 1630 151812 2530
Practice 1 Practice 2
Patient Receipts 600000 10000 600000 10000
Staff Costs 168000 2800 168000 2800
FixedSemi-Fixed 75000 1250 75000 1250
Variable Direct Costs 118000 1967 118000 1967
Total Overhead 361000 6017 361000 6017
Operating Cash-Flow 239000 3983 239000 3983
Dr Salary (185000) -3083 - 000
Dr Benefits (20000) -333 (5000) -083
Automobile (12000) -200 (1000) -017
Travel (15000) -250 (500) -008
Loan Interest - 000 (32500) -542
Depreciation (10000) -167 (100000) -1667
Net Income (3000) -050 100000 1667
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