Handbook/Clinic Manual

Northern Virginia/Germanna Community College

Joint Venture Dental Hygiene Program

Table of Contents

Section OneProgram Information

PrefaceAdministration, Faculty, and StaffMissionCompetenciesAdvisory CommitteeCurriculumSpecial Curriculum RequirementsTransfer CreditGraduation

Section TwoPoliciesHandbook Information

Section ThreeClinical ProceduresClinic Protocol

Section FourProgram Clinical Requirements

Section FiveClinical Processes

Section SixAppendix

Preface

Welcome to the Associate Degree in Dental Hygiene Joint Venture Program at Northern Virginia/Germanna Community College. We are happy to have you with us and sincerely hope that we will be able to help you fulfill your desire of becoming a Registered Dental Hygienist.

You were admitted to the dental hygiene program and we are confident that you possess the necessary qualities for successful completion of the program. To be successful in dental hygiene you must be willing to accept the responsibility for all learning by following the program’s guidelines and policies, meeting due dates, and requesting clarification or extra help from your instructors. Many people are here to help you: the dental hygiene faculty, the dental hygiene staff, other college faculty, counselors, administrators, the library and audiovisual department staffs, and your fellow students.

As one means of assisting you to become familiar with our policies and procedures, we have prepared this manual for you to use along with the college catalog and the student handbook which can be found in the Counseling Center or online. You are required to be familiar with all three of these publications as their rules and regulations apply to you. If at any time you need clarification concerning the items discussed on the following pages, pleas contact us.

Dental Hygiene Program Faculty and Staff

Edith Tynan, RDH, MSAssistant Dean, Dental Hygiene703-822-6575etynan@nvcc.edu

Debra Powell, RDH, MSSecond Year Clinic Coordinator703-822-6570dpowell@nvcc.edu

Linda Gill, RDH, BSHSFirst Year Clinic Coordinator703-822-6571lgill@nvcc.edu

Jane Ingalls, RN, PhDGCC Director of Nursing and Allied Health540-727-3070jingalls@gcc.vccs.edu

Misty Sissom, RDH, BSHSGCC Local Coordinator540-727-3132msissom@gcc.vccs.edu

Julie PhillipsGCC Administrative Assistant540-727-3151jphillips@gcc.vccs.edu

Penny BarkerGCC Administrative Assistant540-727-3070pbarker@gcc.vccs.edu

Dental Hygiene Program Philosophy

The faculty of the Dental Hygiene Program accepts the general mission, goals and values of the College as stated in the Catalog and support it fully.

In addition, we believe that the health care worker has a moral responsibility to oneself, the patient, to one’s colleagues and to the institution to provide the best service possible within one’s capabilities.

We also believe that the personal ethics of the health care worker require certain inherent elements of character, which include honesty, loyalty, understanding and the ability to respect the rights and dignity of others. Strength of character should enable one to rise about prejudice with regard to race, creed, mental or physical handicap or economic status in the interest of better professional service. Personal ethics also require conscientious preparation during one’s academic years for professional duties and responsibilities. This preparation must not be limited to technical preparation but should be designed to enable the individual to grow in many areas. Thus, the Dental Hygiene Program includes general education and science support courses as integral parts of the curriculum.

We believe that a continuation of the development of professional behavior and effectiveness should be accomplished by observation, study and investigation during one’s entire professional life.

Finally, we believe that no action of the individual can be entirely separated from the reputation of the individual or of one’s profession. Therefore, it becomes a serious and primary obligation of the individual to uphold the dignity and honor of the profession, through thoughts, words and actions.

College Mission

The mission of Northern Virginia Community College is to respond to the educational needs of its dynamic and diverse constituencies through an array of comprehensive programs and services that facilitate learning and workforce development in an environment of open access and through lifelong educational opportunities.

Our Vision. To be a learning-centered organization that promotes student success.

Our Goals

• Faculty and Staff: To provide a diverse, highly qualified, energetic, and dynamic faculty and staff dedicated to and enhancing student success.

• Resources and Environment: To develop and acquire adequate fiscal, capital, and community resources and to use these resources efficiently and effectively to provide the physical environment and tools necessary to assure student success.

• Support Services: To provide an array of quality support services that enhances student success.

• Instructional Program: To provide an instructional program that is accessible, affordable, and educationally sound that supports the needs of a diverse student body and enhances student success.

Health Technologies Mission Statement

The Health Technologies Division has been divided into two divisions in preparation for the transition to the Medical Education Campus: Allied Health Division and Nursing and Surgical Technology

Purpose StatementThe purpose of the Allied Health Division and Nursing and Surgical Technology Division at the Annandale Campus is to support and enhance the missions of the Northern Virginia Community College and Virginia Community College System. The mission of the Virginia Community College System is to provide comprehensive higher education and workforce-training programs and services of superior quality that are financially and geographically accessible and that meet individual, business and community needs of the Commonwealth. The complementary mission of the Allied Heath Division and Nursing and Surgical Technology Division is to prepare caring, competent, adaptable, reflective, service-oriented health care professionals who can identify and use a variety of resources and technologies to function successfully in diverse and evolving health care practice environments.

Program Goals

1. To attract and graduate students who demonstrate optimum competency in ethics, values, skills and knowledge as deemed valuable by the dental hygiene profession.

2. To increase the efficiency of healthcare delivery by promoting the utilization of the dental hygienist as an integral part of the healthcare environment with an emphasis on disease prevention.

3. To improve the quality of life of others through evidence-based preventive, therapeutic, and educational services.

4. To offer a dental hygiene curriculum of the highest quality emphasizing professional development and life-long learning.

5. To facilitate student’s active participation in professional organization and community outreach programs.

The education program is planned in accordance with the standards, guidelines, and essentials of:

Northern Virginia Community College and the Virginia Community College System.

The American Dental Association Commission on Dental Accreditation. Virginia Laws, Rules and Regulations relating to the licensing and practice of

dental hygiene.

Specific objectives are established for each of the dental hygiene courses. These may be found in the printed course syllabi and outlines given to each student at the beginning of each unit of study. You will find it valuable to refer to the specific objectives frequently throughout your studies.

Third Party CommentThe Dental Hygiene Program at Northern Virginia Community College is fully accredited by the American Dental Association Commission on Dental. Third-party comments relative to the Commission’s accredited programs may include comments submitted by interested parties such as faculty, students, program administrators, Commission consultants, specialty and dental related organizations, patients and/or consumers. The address is Commission on Dental Accreditation, 211 East Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611 or call 1/800-621-8099, extension 4653.

Northern Virginia Community College/Germanna Community College Joint Venture Dental Hygiene Program

Program Competencies (As adopted from the American Dental Educators Assn.)

Core Competencies (C)C.1 Apply a professional code of ethics in all endeavors.C.2 Adhere to state and federal laws, recommendations and regulations in the provision of dental hygiene care.C.3 Provide dental hygiene care to promote patient/client health and wellness using critical thinking and problem solving in the provision of evidenced-based practice.C.4 Assume responsibility for dental hygiene actions and care based on accepted scientific theories and research as well as the accepted standard of care.C.5 continuously performs self-assessment for life-long learning and professional growth.C.6 Advance the profession through service activities and affiliations with professional organizations.C.7 Provide quality assurance mechanisms for health services.C.8 Communicate effectively with individuals and groups from diverse populations both verbally and in writing.C.9 Provide accurate, consistent and complete documentation for assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation of dental hygiene services.C.10 Provide care to all clients using an individualized approach that is humane, empathetic, and caring.

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (HP)HP.1 Promote the values of oral and general health and wellness to the public and organizations within and outside the profession.HP.2 Respect the goals, values, beliefs and preferences of the patient/client while promoting optimal oral and general health.HP.3 Refer patients/clients who may have a physiologic, psychological, and/or social problem for comprehensive patient/client evaluation.HP.4 Identify individual and population risk factors and develop strategies that promote health related quality of life.HP.5 Evaluate factors that can be used to promote patient/client adherence to disease prevention and/or health maintenance strategies.HP.6 Evaluate and utilize methods to ensure the health and safety of the patient/client and the dental hygienist in the delivery of dental hygiene care.

Community Involvement (CM)CM.1 Assess the oral health needs of the community and the quality and availability of resources and services.CM.2 Provide screening, referral and educational services that allow clients to access the resources of the health care system.CM.3 Provide community oral health services in a variety of settings.

CM.4 Facilitate client access to oral health services by influencing individuals and/or organizations for the provision of oral health care.CM.5 Evaluate reimbursement mechanisms and their impact on the patient’s/client’s access to oral health care.CM.6 Evaluate the outcomes of community based programs and plans for future activities.

Patient/Client Care (PC)Assessment

PC.1 Systematically collect, analyze and record data on the general, oral and psychosocial health status of a variety of patients/clients using methods consistent with medico legal principles.

This competency includes:a. Select, obtain and interpret diagnostic information recognizing its advantages and

limitations.b. Recognize predisposing and etiologic risk factors that require intervention to

prevent disease.c. Obtain, review and update a complete medical, family, social and dental history.d. Recognize health conditions and medications that impact overall patient/client

care.e. Identify patients/clients at risk for a medical emergency and manage the

patient/client care in a manner that prevents an emergency.f. Perform a comprehensive examination using clinical, radiographic, periodontal,

dental charting, and other data collection procedures to assess the patient’s/client’s needs.

DiagnosisPC.2 Use critical decision making skills to reach conclusions about the patient’s/client’s dental hygiene needs based on all available assessment data.

This competency includes:a. Use assessment findings, etiologic factors and clinical data in determining a

dental hygiene diagnosis.b. Identify patient/client needs and significant findings that impact the delivery of

dental hygiene services.c. Obtain consultations as indicated.

PlanningPC.3 Collaborate with the patient/client, and/or other health professionals, to formulate a comprehensive dental hygiene care plan that is patient/client-centered and based on current scientific evidence.

This competency includes:a. Prioritize the care plan based on the health status and the actual and potential

problems of the individual to facilitate optimal oral health.

b. Establish a planned sequence of care (educational, clinical and evaluation) based on the dental hygiene diagnosis; identified oral conditions; potential problems; etiologic and risk factors; and available treatment modalities.

c. Establish a collaborative relationship with the patient/client in the planned care to include etiology, prognosis, and treatment alternatives.

d. Make referrals to other health care professionals.e. Obtain the patient’s/client’s informed consent based on a thorough case

presentation.

ImplementationPC.4 Provide specialized treatment that includes preventive and therapeutic services designed to achieve and maintain oral health. Assist in achieving oral health goals formulated in collaboration with the patient/client.

This competency includes:a. Perform dental hygiene interventions to eliminate and/or control local

etiologic factors to prevent and control caries, periodontal disease and other oral conditions.

b. Control pain and anxiety during treatment through the use of accepted clinical and behavioral techniques.

c. Provide life support measures to manage medical emergencies in the patient/client care environment.

EvaluationPC.5 Evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented clinical, preventive, and educational services and modify as needed.

This competency includes:a. Determine the outcomes of dental hygiene interventions using indices,

instruments, examination techniques, and patient/client self-report.b. Evaluate the patient’s/client’s satisfaction with the oral health care received and

the oral health status achieved.c. Provide subsequent treatment or referrals based on evaluation findings.d. Develop and maintain a health maintenance program.

Professional Growth and Development (PGD)PGD.1 Identify alternative career options within health-care, industry, education, and research and evaluates the feasibility of pursuing dental hygiene opportunities.PGD.2 Develop management and marketing strategies to be used in non-traditional health care settings.PGD.3 Access professional and social networks and resources to assist entrepreneurial initiatives.

CurriculumPrior to admittance

NAS 161 Health Science I 4 credits

Once admitted to Dental Hygiene ProgramFirst Year 1st Semester 2nd Semester 3rd SemesterDNH 111 Oral Anatomy/Tooth Morphology 2DNH 113 General and Oral Histology 2DNH 114 Head and Neck Anatomy 2DNH 141 Dental Hygiene I 5ENG 111 College Composition I 3

DNH 130 Oral Radiography for the Dental Hygienist 2DNH 142 Dental Hygiene II 5DNH 145 General and Oral Pathology 2DNH 146 Periodontics for the Dental Hygienist 2NAS 162 Health Science II 4

DNH 143 Dental Hygiene III 4DNH 150 Nutrition 2

_______________________________________________________Total Credits/semester 14 15 6

Second Year 1st Semester 2nd SemesterDNH 215 Dental Materials 3DNH 216 Pharmacology 2DNH 220 Community Dental Health 2DNH 244 Dental Hygiene IV 5PED 116 Lifetime Fitness and Wellness 1PSY 201 Introduction to Psychology I 3STD Elective 1

DNH 225 Community Health Education 2DNH 230 Office Practice and Ethics 1DNH 245 Dental Hygiene V 5PED Elective 1HUM Elective 3SPD 229 Intercultural Communication 3

_______________________________________________________Total Credits/semester 17 15

Total credits for the A.A.S. Degree in Dental Hygiene = 71

* Students entering the program must demonstrate proficiency in specific computer competencies by passing IST 115or an equivalent competency test accepted by NVCC.

* The following courses are recommended for the Humanities Elective: HIS 101, History of Western Civilization I; HIS 111, History of World Civilization I; or HIS 261, Topics in Cultural Ethnicity.* NAS 161 must be completed with a grade of “C” or better prior to entering the Dental Hygiene Program.* NAS 162 may be taken before or after entrance into the program.* BIO 141, 142, and 205 may be substituted for NAS 161 & 162.

General Education and Support Courses

I. Humanities A. English 111 (English Composition I)

B. SPD 229 Intercultural Communication

C. Humanities Elective

II. Social Sciences A. PSY 201 Introduction to Psychology

III. Natural Science A. NAS 161 and 162 Health Science I and II

(NAS 161 should be completed prior to beginning DNH courses).

IV. General and Technology A. STD 195 Study Skills and Health Care Delivery Systems

B. PED 116 Lifetime Fitness and Wellness. PED 116 is available as a 1 or 2 credit course. If it is taken as a 1 credit course, an additional 1 credit PED course will be required.

C. IST – Information Systems Technology Requirement.

Special Curriculum Completion Requirements

Satisfactory health must be maintained for continuance in the Program. Excessive absences due to health-related problems may result in administrative dismissal from the program.

Any student who receives a final grade less than “C” in any of the courses in the Dental Hygiene sequence must obtain permission from the Program Head to repeat the course and must earn a final grade of “C” or higher before taking the next course in the sequence. Readmission is on a space available basis. Reapplication to the program is required at the GCC site.

A grade of “C” or 75% competency must be achieved in both lecture and clinical portions of Dental Hygiene I, II, III, IV and V to be considered as successful completion of these courses.

Transfer Credit

Transfer credits from other institutions are evaluated through the Office of Admissions and Records (Annandale Campus) on an individual basis. Final acceptance of all credits is based upon the approval of the college transcript evaluator. In general, English Composition, Introduction to Sociology, Psychology and Social Science courses are the most commonly accepted transfer courses. Evaluation of these courses will be discussed during your program placement interview and throughout your time in the program.

Credits earned at NVCC may transfer to other colleges at the discretion of that institution.

Graduation Requirements

It is your responsibility to file an application for graduation. The current NVCC College Catalog has information regarding Graduation Requirements under Administrative Information.

Emergency Procedures

In all types of emergencies, it is important to remain calm. Below are instructions on how to deal with the most common potential emergencies that could occur at Germanna.

Fire: Do not attempt to fight the fire until the alarm system has been activated. Pull one of the emergency fire alarms located in the hallways throughout the building for the purpose of evacuating the building immediately. Report the location of the fire to the switchboard operator in person or by dialing "0" from any telephone in the building. The local fire and rescue squad will be notified via the fire alarm security system.

Fire extinguishers are located in the hallways throughout the building. Students are encouraged to acquaint themselves with where the extinguishers are located.

Auto Accidents: Notify the switchboard/receptionist who will then call the State Police and the Office of Student Services. Student Services will notify the appropriate administrators for rerouting traffic and attending to the safety of others until the State Police arrive.

Medical Needs: The College does not provide health services on campus. Medical care is the individual responsibility of each student. However, in case of serious injury or medical emergency, the rescue squad will be called.

When emergency services are required, the switchboard operator should be contacted to place the call to the Rescue Squad. While not required to do so, individuals on campus who can assist with medical emergencies until the Rescue Squad arrives are members of the nursing faculty and the physical education instructor. The Building and Grounds Supervisor should be contacted to assist with directing the Rescue Squad to the injured person. All emergencies should be reported to the Dean of Financial and Administrative Services. If the emergency involves a student, the Dean of Student Services should also be notified.

If the College switchboard operator is unavailable, emergencies can be reported directly by dialing 9-911 from campus telephones. Pay telephones may also be used for this purpose. When using pay telephones, dial 911; no coins are needed.

In the event of an on-campus auto accident, please contact the Office of Student Services immediately and then follow emergency procedures outlined under Auto.

Personal Expenses

Tuition: See College CatalogTuition is due and payable as you register each semester. Students are not permitted to attend classes or clinic if they have not registered prior to the beginning of the semester. This includes admission to clinic while screening for boards post graduation.

Textbooks: Textbooks will be available for purchase from the Germanna Community College Bookstore. Cost for the textbooks will vary each semester.

Instruments: Each student is required to purchase an instrument kit for use during clinical instruction and with patients.

Uniforms: Two lab coats, white tie duty shoes, white hose, one name tag, two patches (NVCC Dental Hygiene Student) and two scrub suits are required for laboratory and clinical courses.

Liability Insurance: Liability insurance coverage is discussed elsewhere in this handbook. Cost is approximately $50.00 per year.

Supplies: Consumable/disposable supplies for patient treatment may be purchased by the student. This cost will vary each semester and for each student.

Examination and Licensure Fees: (National Dental Hygiene Board Exam, Southeast Regional Board Exam and the Virginia Jurisprudence Exam). Approximately $145 - $650 per examination at the end of the course of study. See “Licensing” section for further information.

Northern Virginia/Germanna Community CollegeCurriculum Advisory Committee

Committee Responsibilities

• Serve as a communication channel between NVCC/GCC and business and professional groups.

• Provide a means for the College to inform the community of curricula and specific courses, and to improve public awareness of the high quality of these offerings.

• Advise in the evaluation of curricula and recommend changes as necessary to keep curricula vital and relevant.

• Advise in the designing of courses and curricula by defining specific skills and essential knowledge related to a particular content area.

• Advise in the formulation and evaluation of standards for entrance into programs of study when appropriate.

• Assist in identifying opportunities for faculty in service training.• Assess changes in the labor market that may affect employment potential in

current and proposed programs.• Assist in acquiring internships and in providing cooperative education

opportunities.• Assist in placing graduates in appropriate jobs.• Recommend personnel from business and industry as potential instructors.• Identify prospective committee members.• Assist in other matters when requested by the College.

Membership

The membership consists of professionals broadly representative of organizations in the community and industry, with diverse experience and expertise within the related field. Membership may also include students and representatives from the general public. Members should be interested in and committed to excellence in education. When possible, the eight supporting jurisdictions in Germanna’s service region should be represented within the committee membership. The committee consists of not fewer than 5 members.

An executive secretary, appointed by the College division chair with responsibility for the program, serves as an ex-officio member of the committee. The division chairs, program heads, and faculty from given curricular areas serve as non-voting, ex-officio members of the committee. The chair may designate other ex-officio members with concurrence of the committee.

Process of Appointment

Members of the curriculum advisory committees may be identified by College personnel, GCC Board members, and/or present curriculum advisory committee members. The

names of prospective members are sent to the academic division having primary responsibility for the curriculum. The executive secretary, in cooperation with the chair of the committee, contacts the prospective member to determine his/her willingness to serve and obtains the following information:

Business address and telephone and fax numbersHome address and telephone numberPreferred mailing addressE-mail addressResume

The names of advisory committee members appear in the College Catalog.

All advisory committee members serve a three-year term that commences with their appointment by the president. A member may be asked to serve more than one term. It is recommended that most members serve no more than two consecutive three-year terms. However, in some circumstances where new members are not available, it may be desirable to have members who are willing to serve for more than two terms.

The executive secretary will remind each committee member when his/her term is about to expire, and forward to the Vice President for Academic Services name of members whose terms have expired and who will not be serving a second term. Former committee members will receive letters of appreciation from the president.

Resignations

Members who are unable to fulfill their term of appointment should notify the executive secretary of their resignation from the advisory committee. The executive secretary then forwards this resignation to the Vice President for Academic Services, who notifies the president.

Members who are unable to attend three consecutive meetings may be dropped from the membership roster.

Meetings Of The Advisory Committees

Curriculum advisory committees must meet at least twice each academic year and are encouraged to meet more frequently, especially when there are issues that require the committee’s attention. The chair of the committee is responsible for establishing meeting dates, times, and places.

When possible, the committee should meet at the College so that committee members can become familiar with the facilities used by the program.

Advisory Committee Officers

The committee officers consist of a chair, vice-chair, and executive secretary. The chair and vice-chair are elected from the committee membership at the first meeting of each academic year and serve terms of one year.

The executive secretary is appointed by the division chair with college-wide responsibility for coordinating the given curriculum.

Duties Of The Officers

The chair shall:• Preside at all meetings of the committee.• Plan, with the executive secretary, the agenda for each meeting.• Call the meetings of the committee.

The vice-chair shall:• Preside in the absence of the chair.• Fulfill any other duties designated by the chair.

The executive secretary shall:• Aid the chair in establishing the schedule of committee meetings for the academic

year to include meeting dates, places, times, and agendas.• Forward meeting announcements and agenda to the Vice President for Academic

Services.• Prepare all materials for distribution to committee members prior to meetings.• Prepare all announcements, minutes, and other information and mail to all

committee members, Vice President for Academic Services, appropriate deans, and others who need to be informed of the committee functions.

• Inform the respective committees of action taken on recommendations.• Keep an updated list of committee members that include current home and

business addresses and phone numbers.• Forward names and credentials for new members, and notices of resignation and

reappointment, to the Vice President of Academic Services.

NVCC/GCC Dental Hygiene Advisory Committee

Ms. Karen DulaneyExecutive DirectorMoss Free Clinic435 Hunter StreetP.O. Box 1843Fredericksburg, VA 22402Office: 540-741-1065mfclinic@staffnet.comAppointment Date – 11/03

Mrs. Laura Callas, RDH13219 Black Walnut LaneSpotsylvania, VA 22553Lauracallas1@aol.comAppointment Date – 11/03

*Diana Corbin, RDH3677 Slate Mills RoadSperryville, VA 22740swampfoxx@aol.comAppointment Date – 04/02

Mrs. Lori Davila, CDADental Careers InstructorSpotsylvania Vocational Center6713 Smith Station RoadSpotsylvania, VA 22553Office: 540-891-0675Home: 540-786-6977ldavila@hs.spotsylvania.k12.va.us

Martha Telford, RDH357 Crump DriveRuther Glen, VA 22546Office: 804-330-3195Home: 804-448-4147martha@pbv.orgAppointment Date – 1998

Mrs. Edith Tynan, RDH, MSNVCC Dental Hygiene Program Head6699 Springfield Center DriveSpringfield, VA 22150Office: 703-323-3324Home: 703-644-5634etynan@nvcc.edu

Dr. Pam WetheringtonRappahannock Area Health Dept.P.O. Box 6King and Queens Courthouse, VA 23085540-582-7350pwetherington@vdh.state.va.usAppointment Date – 11/03

Dr. Judy Horton6699 Springfield Center DriveSpringfield, VA 22150jhorton@nvcc.edu

Dr. Jeff Day10703 Spotsylvania Avenue #101Fredericksburg, VA 22408540-891-7379Drdaydds@starpower.netAppointment Date - 1998

Mrs. Bonnie Sharp, RDHP.O. Box 1818Fredericksburg, VA 22402540-785-6966vadentalsmile@aol.comAppointment Date – 11/03

Dr. KleineP.O. Box 3301333 North Seminole TrailMadison, VA 22727kleinepc@earthlink.netAppointment Date – 11/03

Mark DohertyDD Temps11302 Springfield DriveFredericksburg, VA 22408540-710-5159ahdoherty@hotmail.comAppointment Date – 11/03

Dr. John B. Rose, III414 Chatham Square Office ParkFredericksburg, VA 22405540-371-0030fburgteeth@aol.comAppointment Date – 11/03

Misty Sissom, RDH, BSHSLocal Coordinator2130 Germanna Hwy.Locust Grove, VA 22508540-727-3041msissom@gcc.vccs.edu

Financial Aid

Financial aid is available for GCC student’s base on demonstrated need. For further information see Jim Brunner in the Office of Financial Aid.

See the Local Coordinator regarding other student loans and grants offered. Loans, scholarships and grants are offered through membership in the American Dental Hygienists’ Association or visit the web at www.adha.org.

Counseling and Guidance Services

A dental hygiene faculty advisor will be assigned to you to help you plan your academic program will you are in the College. Students are required to make an appointment with this advisor each semester before pre-registration to update and review their dental hygiene curriculum.

If you have problems of a personal nature, such as difficulty in courses other than dental hygiene, your family, your home or social life, or finances, you should take advantage of the excellent staff of professional counselors that the College maintains on each campus. When you have a problem, don’t wait until it becomes a crisis before seeking help. The GCC Counselor’s function is to help students in solving their problems. The Counseling Center’s phone number is 540-727-3111.

Learning Resources

A description of the facilities offered by Northern Virginia Community College and Germanna Community College may be found in your college catalogs.

Student Activities

At NVCC and GCC, student groups or clubs are organized through the Student Activities Office under the jurisdiction of the Dean of Student Services. A more detailed discussion of the regulations governing such student activities can be found in the current Student Handbook and we strongly suggest that all students familiarize themselves with this information.

Communications

Avenues of communication through which students may express their concerns, problems, or questions include: Faculty members who are teaching your courses, the Assistant Dean, the Dean of Allied Health, the Campus Provost, the President of NVCC, the GCC Director of Nursing and Allied Health, and the GCC Local Coordinator. In addition, the Dental Hygiene Program will utilize course/program evaluation questionnaires to elicit information from students and patients which help us to make improvements in the program. Opportunities will be provided for students to evaluate study units and their instructors. Should it become necessary, NVCC and GCC have in place a formal Student Grievance Policy that can be found in the respective handbooks.

Any individual student or group of students in the Dental Hygiene Program who wish to meet with the Assistant Dean to express their concerns or questions are encouraged to do so at anytime. Suggestions for change are always welcome and will be shared with the entire Dental Hygiene Faculty.

Questions concerning procedure protocol relative to organizing social functions or fundraising activities specific to the Dental Hygiene Program should be directed to the Assistant Dean or the GCC Local Coordinator.

Honor Code

You are pursuing an education to become an allied health professional. Personal and professional ethics demand you to conduct yourself honorably in all respects.

You are expected to abide by the honor code and all aspects of your academic preparations, indicated in your current college catalog under student rights and responsibilities. This, in its simplest form, means that you will neither give nor receive unauthorized assistance from any person, paper, or object, on any test, paper, examination, or project.

When paraphrasing statements or using direct quotations, credit should be given to the source. The use of another person’s words or ideas without acknowledgment of the source is plagiarism.

As stated in the program philosophy, we believe that the actions of working dental hygiene professionals reflect on all of us. Therefore, you have an obligation to maintain

the honor of your profession, not only through your own behavior, but also by helping others live up to your profession’s standards and ethics. In practice, this means that if you feel a classmate is not adhering to the honor code, you have an obligation to discuss the situation with that person in a helping manner. If this is not successful you should discuss the situation with your instructor.

Code of Ethics for Dental Hygienists

1. PreambleAs dental hygienists, we are a community of professionals devoted to the prevention of disease and the promotion and improvement of the public's health. We are preventive oral health professionals who provide educational, clinical, and therapeutic services to the public. We strive to live meaningful, productive, satisfying lives that simultaneously serve us, our profession, our society, and the world. Our actions, behaviors, and attitudes are consistent with our commitment to public service. We endorse and incorporate the Code into our daily lives.

2. PurposeThe purpose of a professional code of ethics is to achieve high levels of ethical consciousness, decision making, and practice by the members of the profession. Specific objectives of the Dental Hygiene Code of Ethics are

• to increase our professional and ethical consciousness and sense of ethical responsibility.

• to lead us to recognize ethical issues and choices and to guide us in making more informed ethical decisions.

• to establish a standard for professional judgment and conduct. • to provide a statement of the ethical behavior the public can expect from us.

The Dental Hygiene Code of Ethics is meant to influence us throughout our careers. It stimulates our continuing study of ethical issues and challenges us to explore our ethical responsibilities. The Code establishes concise standards of behavior to guide the public's expectations of our profession and supports existing dental hygiene practice, laws, and regulations. By holding ourselves accountable to meeting the standards stated in the Code, we enhance the public's trust on which our professional privilege and status are founded.

3. Key ConceptsOur beliefs, principles, values, and ethics are concepts reflected in the Code. They are the essential elements of our comprehensive and definitive code of ethics, and are interrelated and mutually dependent.

4. Basic BeliefsWe recognize the importance of the following beliefs that guide our practice and provide context for our ethics:

• The services we provide contribute to the health and well being of society. • Our education and licensure qualify us to serve the public by preventing and

treating oral disease and helping individuals achieve and maintain optimal health. • Individuals have intrinsic worth, are responsible for their own health, and are

entitled to make choices regarding their health. • Dental hygiene care is an essential component of overall healthcare and we

function interdependently with other healthcare providers. • All people should have access to healthcare, including oral healthcare. • We are individually responsible for our actions and the quality of care we provide.

5. Fundamental PrinciplesThese fundamental principles, universal concepts, and general laws of conduct provide the foundation for our ethics.

UniversalityThe principle of universality assumes that, if one individual judges an action to be right or wrong in a given situation, other people considering the same action in the same situation would make the same judgment.

ComplementarityThe principle of complementarity assumes the existence of an obligation to justice and basic human rights. It requires us to act toward others in the same way they would act toward us if roles were reversed. In all relationships, it means considering the values and perspective of others before making decisions or taking actions affecting them.

EthicsEthics are the general standards of right and wrong that guide behavior within society. As generally accepted actions, they can be judged by determining the extent to which they promote good and minimize harm. Ethics compel us to engage in health promotion/disease prevention activities.

CommunityThis principle expresses our concern for the bond between individuals, the community, and society in general. It leads us to preserve natural resources and inspires us to show concern for the global environment.

ResponsibilityResponsibility is central to our ethics. We recognize that there are guidelines for making ethical choices and accept responsibility for knowing and applying them. We accept the consequences of our actions or the failure to act and are willing to make ethical choices and publicly affirm them.

6. Core ValuesWe acknowledge these values as general guides for our choices and actions.

Individual autonomy and respect for human beingsPeople have the right to be treated with respect. They have the right to informed consent prior to treatment, and they have the right to full disclosure of all relevant information so that they can make informed choices about their care.

ConfidentialityWe respect the confidentiality of client information and relationships as a demonstration of the value we place on individual autonomy. We acknowledge our obligation to justify any violation of a confidence.

Societal TrustWe value client trust and understand that public trust in our profession is based on our actions and behavior.

NonmaleficenceWe accept our fundamental obligation to provide services in a manner that protects all clients and minimizes harm to them and others involved in their treatment.

BeneficenceWe have a primary role in promoting the well being of individuals and the public by engaging in health promotion/disease prevention activities.

Justice and FairnessWe value justice and support the fair and equitable distribution of healthcare resources. We believe all people should have access to high-quality, affordable oral healthcare.

VeracityWe accept our obligation to tell the truth and assume that others will do the same. We value self-knowledge and seek truth and honesty in all relationships.

7. Standards of Professional ResponsibilityWe are obligated to practice our profession in a manner that supports our purpose, beliefs, and values in accordance with the fundamental principles that support our ethics. We acknowledge the following responsibilities:

To Ourselves as Individuals...

• Avoid self-deception, and continually strive for knowledge and personal growth. • Establish and maintain a lifestyle that supports optimal health. • Create a safe work environment. • Assert our own interests in ways that are fair and equitable. • Seek the advice and counsel of others when challenged with ethical dilemmas. • Have realistic expectations of ourselves and recognize our limitations.

To Ourselves as Professionals...

• Enhance professional competencies through continuous learning in order to practice according to high standards of care.

• Support dental hygiene peer-review systems and quality-assurance measures. • Develop collaborative professional relationships and exchange knowledge to

enhance our own life-long professional development.

To Family and Friends

• Support the efforts of others to establish and maintain healthy lifestyles and respect the rights of friends and family.

To Clients...

• Provide oral healthcare utilizing high levels of professional knowledge, judgment, and skill.

• Maintain a work environment that minimizes the risk of harm. • Serve all clients without discrimination and avoid action toward any individual or

group that may be interpreted as discriminatory. • Hold professional client relationships confidential. • Communicate with clients in a respectful manner. • Promote ethical behavior and high standards of care by all dental hygienists. • Serve as an advocate for the welfare of clients. • Provide clients with the information necessary to make informed decisions about

their oral health and encourage their full participation in treatment decisions and goals.

• Refer clients to other healthcare providers when their needs are beyond our ability or scope of practice.

• Educate clients about high-quality oral healthcare.

To Colleagues...

• Conduct professional activities and programs, and develop relationships in ways that are honest, responsible, and appropriately open and candid.

• Encourage a work environment that promotes individual professional growth and development.

• Collaborate with others to create a work environment that minimizes risk to the personal health and safety of our colleagues.

• Manage conflicts constructively. • Support the efforts of other dental hygienists to communicate the dental hygiene

philosophy of preventive oral care. • Inform other healthcare professionals about the relationship between general and

oral health. • Promote human relationships that are mutually beneficial, including those with

other healthcare professionals.

To Employees and Employers...

• Conduct professional activities and programs, and develop relationships in ways that are honest, responsible, open, and candid.

• Manage conflicts constructively. • Support the right of our employees and employers to work in an environment that

promotes wellness. • Respect the employment rights of our employers and employees.

To the Dental Hygiene Profession...

• Participate in the development and advancement of our profession. • Avoid conflicts of interest and declare them when they occur. • Seek opportunities to increase public awareness and understanding of oral health

practices. • Act in ways that bring credit to our profession while demonstrating appropriate

respect for colleagues in other professions. • Contribute time, talent, and financial resources to support and promote our

profession. • Promote a positive image for our profession. • Promote a framework for professional education that develops dental hygiene

competencies to meet the oral and overall health needs of the public.

To the Community and Society...

• Recognize and uphold the laws and regulations governing our profession. • Document and report inappropriate, inadequate, or substandard care and/or illegal

activities by any healthcare provider, to the responsible authorities. • Use peer review as a mechanism for identifying inappropriate, inadequate, or

substandard care and for modifying and improving the care provided by dental hygienists.

• Comply with local, state, and federal statutes that promote public health and safety.

• Develop support systems and quality-assurance programs in the workplace to assist dental hygienists in providing the appropriate standard of care.

• Promote access to dental hygiene services for all, supporting justice and fairness in the distribution of healthcare resources.

• Act consistently with the ethics of the global scientific community of which our profession is a part.

• Create a healthful workplace ecosystem to support a healthy environment. • Recognize and uphold our obligation to provide pro bono service.

To Scientific Investigation...

We accept responsibility for conducting research according to the fundamental principles underlying our ethical beliefs in compliance with universal codes, governmental standards, and professional guidelines for the care and management of experimental subjects. We acknowledge our ethical obligations to the scientific community:

• Conduct research that contributes knowledge that is valid and useful to our clients and society.

• Use research methods that meet accepted scientific standards. • Use research resources appropriately. • Systematically review and justify research in progress to insure the most

favorable benefit-to-risk ratio to research subjects. • Submit all proposals involving human subjects to an appropriate human subject

review committee. • Secure appropriate institutional committee approval for the conduct of research

involving animals. • Obtain informed consent from human subjects participating in research that is

based on specifications published in Title 21 Code of Federal Regulations Part 46. • Respect the confidentiality and privacy of data. • Seek opportunities to advance dental hygiene knowledge through research by

providing financial, human, and technical resources whenever possible. • Report research results in a timely manner. • Report research findings completely and honestly, drawing only those conclusions

that are supported by the data presented. • Report the names of investigators fairly and accurately. • Interpret the research and the research of others accurately and objectively,

drawing conclusions that are supported by the data presented and seeking clarity when uncertain.

• Critically evaluate research methods and results before applying new theory and technology in practice.

• Be knowledgeable concerning currently accepted preventive and therapeutic methods, products, and technology and their application to our practice.

Approved and ratified by the 1995 ADHA House of Delegates.

Methods of Instruction

You will receive a course outline for each course.Course outlines include:

1. General description of the course.2. General objectives of the course.3. Course schedule including subject area and assignments.4. Method of evaluating student.5. Required textbook(s).

Unit outlines include:

1. Unit objectives giving specific expectations of student performance.

2. Schedule of assignments giving assigned dates for:

a. Lecture and lab topicsb. Reading requirementsc. Audiovisual materialsd. Study guide completione. Laboratory exercisesf. Written papers and oral reportsg. Quizzes and laboratory exams.

3. Hand outs of diagrams, written material to supplement lectures, and other informational materials.

4. Laboratory exercise sheets.

5. Other material (as applicable) such as study guides, specific instructions for papers, and simulations of patient situations for laboratory exams.

All learning experiences and assignments are planned to help you achieve the specific unit and course objectives. Since different students learn best at different rates and from different methods, we have planned our instruction and assignments to include several different kinds of learning experiences. These include:

1. Assigned reading in textbooks, journals and other references.2. Assigned use of audiovisual/computer materials in the learning lab.3. Study of hand out materials and diagrams.4. Lectures and class discussion.5. Audio-tutorial units to be completed at your own pace within a specified period of time. 6. Non-graded self quizzes planned to help you assess your progress in achieving objectives.7. Oral reports, table clinics, demonstrations for class.8. Written papers, reports on clinical observations, abstracts from journal articles, and entries into

patient charts.9. Open book or take home assignments designed to help you correlate material from several

sources.10. Observation of instructor demonstrations.11. Practice of treatment techniques on classmates and typodonts.

12. Practice of treatment techniques on patients in clinic.13. Analysis and critique of classmates’ treatment techniques.14. Small group activities, usually involving problem solving.15. Simulated patient situations to demonstrate application of specific concepts and skills.

Student Responsibilities

The student’s responsibilities will be to:

1. Arrive on time to class and be prepared to take notes and follow instructions promptly.

2. Read assigned lecture material before the lecture; take appropriate notes and write down questions that arise from the reading.

3. Actively participate in the discussion and exercise portions of the lecture.

4. Study the material that will be examined on all quizzes and tests and be seated, ready to begin class on time.

5. Complete all outside assignments on their own, unless the instructor indicated that the activity is a group project. Copying work from other students will be regarded as cheating.

6. Notify the instructor if the student is ill. Missed work will be allowed to be made up only if the student presents a note from a physician indicating the need for the student to miss the class and at the discretion of the instructor. The physician’s note must include physician’s complete name and credentials, office address, and phone number.

7. Purchase all required textbooks for the courses and bringing them to class as requested by the instructor.

Guidelines for Written Assignments

Your instructor may give you specific instructions for written assignments. However, unless specifically instructed otherwise, major papers and reports should conform to the following guidelines:

1. Each written assignment should include a title page with the following information in the lower right corner:

Northern Virginia/Germanna Community CollegeDental Hygiene ProgramCourse title and number

Student’s nameProfessor’s name

Date assignment is due

2. Written assignments should be on regulation size (8.5 x 11 inch) white theme paper, either lined or unlined. Paper torn out of a spiral notebook is unacceptable.

3. Assignments must be typewritten.

4. The typing should be double-spaced and on only one side of the paper.

5. Attachment pages should be stapled.

6. The sources of paraphrased statements and direct quotations should be footnoted or indicated in the text. These sources should also be listed in the bibliography. The use of another person’s words or ideas without acknowledging the source is plagiarism. Follow the footnote and bibliography forms give in the Prentice Hall Handbook: APA Style.

7. Reports and papers are due at the beginning of the scheduled class period for which they are assigned. Late assignments may not be accepted or have a reduction in the final grade at the discretion of the course instructor.

Evaluation of Student Performance

Within each course outline you will find the method of evaluation for that course including the percentages assigned to each of the following areas of evaluation.

1. Written quizzes – These are given during the class time at the beginning or end of most units. They are usually short answer type questions and include multiple choice, true/false (correct the false), matching, completion, and/or brief essay responses.

2. Written final examinations – Comprehensive final examinations are given for each course, as scheduled by the College. These examinations cover the material presented in all units of that course and are primarily multiple choice and brief essay responses.

3. Written paper and oral reports – These are utilized throughout your Dental Hygiene courses. Guidelines for these papers and reports are given in this handbook and at the time of assignment.

4. Clinical/Laboratory Examinations – These will be practical examinations requiring you to demonstrate a skill or procedure in a simulated situation or with a patient.

5. Self/Peer Evaluation – At times throughout your education, you may be required to evaluate your own performance as well as that of your classmates. You may be participating in developing the criteria as well as utilizing it.

6. Participation – A small percentage of each course grade is based upon your participation in the course. Factors considered include preparedness for class, punctuality, participation in class, use of time in lab and clinic, and you ability to work with your peers.

7. Grading – As stated in the College catalog, a minimum grade of “C” is required in all courses in the dental hygiene sequence. Any student who receives a final grade less than “C” in any of the courses in the Dental Hygiene sequence must obtain permission from the Assistant Dean to repeat the course and earn a final grade of “C” or higher before taking the next course in the sequence.

8. Re-admission Policy – Any student who has withdrawn or who has been asked to withdraw due to unsatisfactory academic or clinical performance may apply for readmission to the Program the following year. Acceptance will be based upon the most current admission criteria.

Absences/Tardiness

Providing dental hygiene care of the highest quality is a paramount ideal and objective of the dental hygiene profession. The Dental Hygiene Department of Northern Virginia/Germanna Community College believes that the learning experiences required to achieve this goal occur in the didactic, preclinical, and clinical curriculum of the dental hygiene program. ATTENDANCE AT ALL LECTURES, LABS, AND CLINICS IS REQUIRED. Absences will be allowed only in the case of personal illness or excused absences which have prior approval from the course director or clinic supervisor.

In the case of illness, the local coordinator must be notified by the student prior to the beginning of the lecture/clinic session. The student must provide a phone number where he/she can be reached. Failure to cancel the patient’s appointment is a professional error and will be deducted from the student’s final grade in clinic. It is the student’s responsibility to cancel his/her patient if necessary.

Upon return to the course/clinic, the student must present a note from his/her physician to the local coordinator. The note must list the following:

A) Physician’s full nameB) Physician’s address and phone numberC) Date of medical appointmentD) Description of illness

If a student is out ill for two consecutive weeks, the student is considered to have an incomplete in the clinic course and must make appropriate arrangements for the course completion.

Excused absences which have prior approval will not be considered a session without a patient. Examples of excused absences include religious holidays, death in the family, and attendance of professional meetings. Excused absences do not include scheduled doctor’s appointments, interviews, or vacation days.

Unexcused absences in clinic will result in a five (5) point deduction from the student’s final grade for each absence. Make-up clinic will not be made available for unexcused absences. The local coordinator must be notified if a student is going to be late for the beginning of a clinic session. The student is responsible for making every effort to arrive as soon as possible. Lateness is considered to be a professional error and will be deducted from that portion of the student’s grade.

Northern Virginia Community College policy states that nay student whose absences equal thirty (30) percent of the scheduled instructional time for a course will be defined as unsatisfactory progress unless the instructor has made other arrangements for the class or individual student to complete course objectives.

Any student not present within ten (10) minutes of the starting class time will be considered absent for the class session.

Student Liability Insurance

As a dental hygiene student, you have a personal responsibility for you own actions in your contact with patients, even though you are not yet licensed. As an individual, you are legally and financially responsible if another person is injured or suffers loss as a result of your negligence.

Northern Virginia Community College nor Germanna Community College cannot assume legal or financial responsibility for your actions as a dental hygiene student when your activities occur on or off campus, i.e., in the various locations where you’re clinical or laboratory experience may take place.

Following the recommendation from the Vice President of Financial and Administrative Services, you are required to enroll in a Student Liability Insurance Program. You do not have to choose any one insurance program, but you must have liability insurance prior to your first clinical/laboratory experience.

Coverage is to be purchased individually for the time you are a student in the Dental Hygiene Program. Proof of coverage is to be submitted to the Local Coordinator. Coverage must extend beyond graduation for the purpose of taking the clinical licensing boards.

Hospitalization Insurance

It is strongly suggested that you carry individual or family health/hospital insurance. Each student is financially responsible for emergency treatment that might be necessary as the result of injury, illness or accident while working in clinic or attending classes at NVCC/GCC.

Safety

Any profession where equipment is handled or patients cared for is one of potential high risk. Student not only must have liability insurance but must constantly be on the alert for dangers to themselves caused by handling equipment or in patient care.

Special care must be taken in the clinic and laboratory facility as there is equipment in this area that could be potentially dangerous if not handled properly. Safe handling of all equipment will be taught prior to your using it, however you must obey safety regulations in order to prevent harmful occurrences to yourself, fellow students, faculty and patients.

Special care must be taken of your personal belongings to prevent theft or misuse. Personal storage space is provided for this purpose.

Risk of Hepatitis B:Dental hygienists and other dental and health professionals are at high risk for Hepatitis B which can be transmitted through blood and saliva. It is strongly recommended that you receive immunization injections for Hepatitis B prior to entering the Dental Hygiene Program in order to protect yourself, your family and the patients you treat in our clinic. This is a series of 3 inoculations that takes an extended period of time. Financial arrangements for the Hepatitis B series are the student’s responsibility.

CPR Certification Policy

All students are required to obtain Healthcare Provider CPR certification prior to starting dental hygiene classes. Students are further required to maintain this certification throughout their enrollment in the Dental Hygiene Program.

Dress Code

Jewelry: Small post earrings, plain chain necklace (gold or silver) and watches are the only jewelry that may be worn when in a professional capacity.

Rings: Simple bad rings only may be worn while on a clinical/laboratory assignment.

Pins: A name pin must be worn at all times on the left side of the lab coat.

Cosmetics: If perfume and make-up are worn, they should be lightly and tastefully applied.

Uniforms: For conformity of dress, students are advised to purchase white, waist-length lab coats, ID pins, and sleeve patches to be worn on every lab coat to identify program and student status.

Student uniforms (scrubs) shall be alike in color and style. Your student uniform was selected to provide maximum neatness and minimum care. Although it is of permanent press fabric, a light pressing is usually necessary after laundering. Lab coats are to be worn during all patient care.

Hose: Plain white hose or knee highs. No socks or decorated hose.

Shoes: Laced white duty oxford shoes are part of the professional uniform. They mustAlways be clean and in good repair. No sneakers or running shoes.

Hair: While you are in uniform hair must clean, neat, controlled, off the collar and styled to maintain safety. Hair ribbons are not acceptable. Barrettes the same color as your hair may be worn. Bangs or hair over the eyes is unacceptable.

Hands: Hands are to be manicured with short fingernails and trimmed cuticles. Clear nail polish may be worn.

Sweaters: A plain white sweater or T-shirt may be worn under (for warmth).

Face Masks/Face Shields and Eye Protection:Are required and must be worn at all times when working on patients or in the laboratory, for your safety.

Laundering of Clinic Uniforms and Lab Coats:Occupational Safety and Health Agency (OSHA) guidelines are as follows:

Uniforms and lab coats are to be washed separate from other laundry to prevent the spread of disease. Hot water is to be used. A freshly laundered uniform and lab coat must be worn for each clinic session.

Dirty uniforms are to be stored in a plastic bag after use and prior to laundering to prevent contamination of other clothes in the laundry.

Uniforms are not to be worn to and from school; they are to be put on in the locker room and taken off prior to leaving the building.

Uniforms are not to be worn outside of clinic area i.e., to cafeteria, library etc., unless it is covered by a buttoned lab coat.

Gloves: Disposable non-latex or vinyl type gloves must be worn in the clinic at all times for your safety. Students are required to wear over gloves when not in direct patient contact as will be instructed in first year clinic.

Regular Dress

During regular classroom and laboratory hours, when clinic or clinical/laboratory is not in session, student uniforms are not required. A professional appearance is expected at all times. Neatness, tasteful attire and cleanliness are understood. Therefore, halter tops, bare feet, or cutoffs are not acceptable in the dental facility or classrooms. If you must enter the clinic while clinic or clinical/laboratory are in session a lab coat is required. You will not be permitted to enter the clinical area if you are wearing jeans, shorts, or sandals, when patients are present.

Student American Dental Hygienists’ Association (SADHA)

Germanna Community College has a chapter of your professional organization, the Student American Dental Hygienists’ Association. Student participation and membership is strongly encouraged by faculty and staff. Membership in your professional organization is a natural part of being a health care provider and professional.

The American Dental Hygienists’ Association (ADHA) was formed in 1923 to develop communication and mutual cooperation among dental hygienists. Today, ADHA is the largest national organization representing the professional interests of the more than 120,000 registered dental hygienists (RDHs) in the United States.

The mission of the American Dental Hygienists’ Association is to improve the public's total health, the mission of the American Dental Hygienists' Association is to advance the art and science of dental hygiene by ensuring access to quality oral health care, increasing awareness of the cost-effective benefits of prevention, promoting the highest standards of dental hygiene education, licensure, practice and research and representing and promoting the interests of dental hygienists.

Student Member of the American Dental Hygienists’ Association, or SADHA, is a category of membership within the American Dental Hygienists’ Association. ADHA is an association dedicated to the advancement and promotion of dental hygiene. ADHA is the association of your profession.

You have taken a significant step in your future and have chosen to enter an important role in the oral health care profession. Whether you have just started school, or are close to graduation, SADHA is your critical link to the dental hygiene profession.

You are the primary driving force in your association and the essential foundation upon which the future of dental hygiene is based.

The dental hygiene faculty firmly believes in supporting and actively participating in the professional organization. We further recognize that early interest and participation in professional activities will assist you in attaining professional standards and behaviors.

Membership is required. Assignments will be made using the Journal of Dental Hygiene.

NVCC Dental Hygiene Pin

A gold or silver pin is to be purchased during the second Spring semester. The cost is approximately $100.00 to $250.00. The Dental Hygiene pin for NVCC was designed by the first graduating class in 1981. The pin is presented to each student as the symbol of a rite of passage at a formal pinning ceremony. The pin is worn with pride by the registered dental hygienist as it represents graduation from an accredited dental hygiene program and acknowledgement of professional commitment.

Licensing

To practice as a registered dental hygienist, you must be licensed by the state in which you wish to practice. Examinations are offered annually and biannually. Some states are covered by regional examination.

Most states require the National Dental Hygiene Board Exam which is a comprehensive written examination.

Virginia dental hygienists are regulated by the Virginia Board of Dentistry, which is a participating member of the Southern Regional Testing Agency. Three boards are given each year and passing this board is required to apply for a dental hygiene license in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Passing the National Dental Hygiene Board Exam is mandatory for applying for a Virginia Dental Hygiene license.

Examination fees are determined by individual agencies. Procedures for application, obtaining and maintaining licensure can be obtained by writing to the Virginia Board of Dentistry. Details will be provided during your course of study in preparation for licensure.

Awards

The following awards are presented at the end of the two year program in recognition of outstanding achievements made by individual students. Selections for these awards are made by the dental hygiene faculty.

1. Lynn-Garris Sheldon/Proctor and Gamble Award for Outstanding Community Service.2. Hu-Friedy Golden Scaler Award for Outstanding Clinical Excellence.3. Colgate STAR Award for exemplifying those attributes that will be an asset to the dental

hygiene profession.4. Virginia Dental Hygienists’ Association Student Award for the student who demonstrates the

greatest leadership potential and is expected to be actively involved in their professional association.

Receipt of Acceptance and Responsibility

As stated in the preface, we have prepared these policies and procedures to assist you in successful completion of the Dental Hygiene Program. We expect you to become thoroughly familiar with this handbook and to keep it readily available for reference.

If you have any difficulty understanding anything in this Handbook, the NVCC Student Handbook, the GCC Catalog or the NVCC Catalog, please consult the Local Coordinator.

By signing this statement, I acknowledge receipt of NVCC’s Dental Hygiene Student Handbook/Manual and accept my responsibility to observe the policies and procedures outlined in this Handbook.

_____________________ ________________________________________________

DATE STUDENT’S SIGNATURE

(To be retained in your Dental Hygiene Program file. Please give this form to your advisor by the second week of school.)

Section III – Clinic Procedures

Emergency

If there is ever an emergency in the dental hygiene clinic, the student who’s patient is having the emergency remains with the patient and initiates emergency care if necessary. The student on her right goes and gets the supervising dentist, clinical instructor and calls 911, and the student on her left gets the emergency kit and brings it to the operatory. The supervising dentist will supervise and/or manage the situation from this point. If there is not a supervising dentist, the clinical instructor will supervise and/or manage the situation.

IMPORTANT NUMBERS:

Spotsylvania Emergency Medical Services – 9-911

Poison Control - 9-800-222-1222

If you are instructed to call for emergency medical services, dial 9-911 and report the emergency at the Spotsylvania Career and Technical Center, Room 307 at 6713 Smith Station Road, Spotsylvania, VA 22553. Stay on the line and answer the dispatcher’s questions.

Remember to STAY CALM.

Post Exposure and Medical Management

1. Give first aid For puncture injury or cut – allow wound to bleed freely Wash with soap and water For splash or splatter – flush with copious amounts of water

2. Exposure documentation is the responsibility of the employee/student.3. Records will be maintained in a confidential manner.4. Exposure information will be kept in confidence by employee/student to protect patient

privacy.5. All dental hygiene clinic patients have signed a release form for testing in the event of

an exposure. The patient and employee/student will be asked to have blood testing at Mary Washington Hospital.

6. The results of employee testing do not need to be disclosed to GCC.7. Needlestick exposures, HIV seroconversions and TB exposures constitute a need to fill

out an OSHA 300 report form as well as a non 300 form for contaminated injuries.

Clinical Assistant Duties

• Arrives a minimum of 15 minutes prior to the beginning of clinic.• Assists students in clinic with oral evacuation and/or sealant placement when

necessaryo Distributes supplies to students as neededo Assists students taking radiographs as neededo Assists classmates without hesitation when askedo Assists with periodontal charting recording as time allowso Cleans sterilization area.o Checks cabinets on the side walls for supplies.o Consults with Dental Hygiene Clinic Manager for any other duties

Clinical Assistant Grade Sheet

If a student is unable to appoint a patient for clinical treatment, that student shall serve the clinic and classmates as an assistant. Students should not interpret this as an acceptable choice for the utilization of clinical time. Completion of this form will ensure that the student does not receive a “0” or an unsatisfactory for the clinical period.

Student Name ________________________________ Date _______________

S U NA

1. ____ ____ ____ Student arrived on time (15 minutes prior to beginning of session)

2. ____ _____ _____ Classmates assisted without hesitation.

3. ____ _____ _____ Supplies inventoried, restocked, and distributed as needed.

4. ____ _____ _____ Student checks solutions under counter and turns on automatic processor.

5. ____ _____ _____ Student processed film in timely manner without technique errors.

6. ____ _____ _____ Remained in clinic until all patients dismissed and all equipment and supplies put away.

7. ____ _____ _____ Reception area cleaned and tidied.

8. ____ _____ _____ Student runs evacuation lines at the end of clinic (6-9 only).

9. ____ _____ _____ Student sterilizes any non-sterile instruments or supplies.

10. ____ _____ _____ Student turns all equipment off at the end of the evening (6-9) only.

11. ____ _____ _____ Student refills all paper towel and soap dispensers.

12. ____ _____ _____ Student wipes down all counter tops and sinks.

13. ____ _____ _____ Student manages the biological indicator system.

Total Possible _______Minus the number of “U” ______Divide the total possible _______ Final Grade ______

Clinic instructor signature ___________________________________________

Screening Appointments1. We do not screen any one under the age of 18. If they are not making the appointment for

themselves you will want to find out how old patient is. 2. Have you been treated in our clinic before? If answer is yes find chart if possible ---you

may not need to screen unless it has been over two years since they were last seen----take the name and number and tell them we will call them back. If you cannot find a chart look them up in the patient database, it will tell you the last time they were seen, their classification at that time.

3. If they have never been to our clinic and they are 18 years of age or older ask them when was the last time they had their teeth professionally cleaned. Let them know this is only for a screening to find out what services they need and to get them scheduled with a student—it will take at least one hour.

4. There should be no students congregating in the classroom area of the clinic.

Infection Control Protocol

All students must satisfactorily complete the Asepsis process at the beginning of their preclinical experience. See form.

Upon entering the clinic area, the student will wash his/her hands following the described/demonstrated procedure found on page 57 of Clinical Practice of the Dental Hygienist, 9th

edition by Dr. Esther Wilkins.

That is:8. Don protective eyewear and mask and fix hair securely back. All jewelry should be

removed.9. Using cool water and soap, lather hands, wrists and forearms quickly, rubbing all

surfaces vigorously.10. Rinse thoroughly, running the water from the fingertips down the hands. 11. Repeat 2 more times. (Approximately 30 seconds each).12. Use paper towels to dry being careful not to re-contaminate.13. Don puncture resistant utility gloves (nitrile).14. Proceed with disinfecting the unit and operatory surfaces. See instructions below.15. Flush water through the lines for a period of 2 minutes.

Surface Management Protocol

♦ Autoclave all items enter the oral cavity (or use single use disposable replacements).♦ Identify and manage “touch surfaces” and “transfer surfaces,” reducing their number in dental

operatory. Use barriers (cover tape/film) on these surfaces.o Touch surfaces are those that require contact and become potential cross contamination

points during procedures.o Transfer surfaces are those contaminated by contact with instruments or other inanimate

objects.♦ Use surface disinfectants (Lysol IC) utilizing the saturated gauze wiping and spray technique

on touch surfaces and transfer surfaces between patients. ♦ Leave disinfectant on for 10 minutes.♦ Use new chair cover for each patient.

TREATMENT AREAS♦ While wearing heavy duty puncture resistant gloves, mask, and eye protection, the student

saturates paper toweling with a disinfectant then vigorously wipes touch, transfer, and splash and splatter surfaces with toweling. Repeat. The surfaces are left wet for a period of 10 minutes then wiped dry. This is done at the beginning and end of each clinic.

♦ Barriers are used routinely on surfaces that may come into direct contact with bodily fluids and changed for each patient. The use of overgloves is mandatory to prevent cross contamination.

STERILIZATION AREA♦ At the end of each clinic session the student, wearing personal protection equipment, and

transports their used instruments in the cassette to the sink in the sterilization are. At this time they remove anything that cannot be autoclaved. Any items that cannot be autoclaved should be disposed of. Reusable rubbers and plastics can be sterilized in the Statim.

♦ Cassettes are rinsed under water and placed in the ultrasonic cleaner that is filled with Hu-Friedy Enzymax and Enzymax. 1 Pump of Enzymax should be used per gallon of water. The ultrasonic cleaner should be ran for 5 – 10 minutes. The cassettes should be rinsed and wrapped in sterilization paper upon completion of the ultrasonic cycle.

♦ Ultrasonic/cavitron tips are not to be placed in the ultrasonic. Each tip should be rinsed under water, returned to the cassette, and wrapped in sterilization paper.

♦ All autoclavable items should be sterilized utilizing the autoclave or Statim.

Barriers♦ Universal precautions are mandatory for providing patient care in the clinic.♦ All gloves shall be removed or overgloves worn if the student leaves his/her treatment area.♦ Overgloves are worn when writing in charts and when getting additional supplies during patient

care.♦ Each person delivering direct patient care in our clinic will wear appropriate barriers.

These include:- Masks- changed when wet or soiled or after one hour.- Non latex examination gloves. Ones provided by the college do not have

powder.- Long sleeve lab jackets, scrub uniforms, and clinic shoes. The lab jacket is to be

taken off when leaving the clinic area. Scrub uniforms, lab jackets, and clinic shoes are to be worn only in the clinical setting. Students must where street clothes to and from the clinical site.

- Eye protection – Full face shield or glasses with side shields or goggles. A full length face shield shall be worn during use of a cavitron.

General- Patients exhibiting herpetic lesions will not be treated until lesions have healed unless supervising dentist authorizes treatment.- Patients that exhibit symptoms of active tuberculosis will not be treated in our clinic until a physician releases them for treatment.- All students will provide a record of physical examination by a physician prior to being allowed to treat patients.- All students and faculty providing direct patient care shall provide an immunization record showing vaccination or history of disease with titer showing immunity status to the following diseases: measles, mumps rubella, polio, chickenpox, and tetanus-diptheria.- All students and faculty should provide yearly PPD test results. If a positive test results, the student should follow advice from physician to investigate cause. A clearance from the physician is required before allowing the student to treat patients.- All faculty and students are urged to be vaccinated for hepatitis B. If not, they must sign a declination form stating that they understand the risks of contracting the disease and decline the vaccination. If they have had the vaccination they should provide dates of injections.- Faculty will provide proof of yearly continuing education in Infection Control and Blood-borne pathogens or attend the yearly program provided by the college.- Exposure to Blood-borne pathogens shall be reported the Local Coordinator who will file an exposure incident report with the college. Student/Faculty will be counseled concerning need for testing and referred to appropriate physician (Mary Washington Hospital, Fredericksburg). See form.- If there are any questions concerning infection control, please refer to the “Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health Care Settings – 2003,” Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

CARE OF ULTRASONIC INSERTS, AIR POLISHING INSERTS AND HANDPIECES1. Cleaning ultrasonic inserts.

Do no place ultrasonic inserts in the ultrasonic cleaner. Prior to sterilization, rinse under water to remove any gross debris. Return to cassette, wrap with sterilization paper, and sterilize like all other

instruments.2. Air polishing inserts.

Prior to sterilization, rinse inserts under water to remove any gross debris. Clean inserts utilizing the ultrasonic cleaner. Remove inserts from cleaner, rinse and dry thoroughly. Insert cleaning wire into the center tube of the nozzle tip and move it back and

forth to remove any residual or clogged powder. Place in a sterilization pouch and sterilize like all other instruments.

3. RDH Handpieces. Handpieces should be sterilized at the end of each clinic session when used. To sterilize handpiece, wipe with a Lysol saturated gauze to remove any debris. Place 2 drops of oil in the handpiece/angle gears and 1 drop of oil in the gold

hole that connects to the unit hosing. Run handpiece on unit for 20 – 30 seconds to ensure that it is well lubricated. Place in a sterilization pouch and sterilize like all other instruments. If you are seeing multiple patients in the clinic and do not have time to sterilize

your handpiece between patients, you need to disinfect the handpiece using a Lysol saturated gauze. Remove the head of the handpiece and use a sterile one from the clinic. Place 1 drop of oil on the gears of the handpiece when you are changing the head only.

GUIDELINES FOR AN EXPOSURE INCIDENT

1) Identify and document the source client.

2) Identify and document how the exposure occurred.

3) Obtain consent to test the source client for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) and antibody to

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV antibody).

4) Obtain consent to test the student/faculty for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) and antibody

to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV antibody).

5) Comply with the following guidelines.

If there are any questions concerning infection control, please refer to the “Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health Care Settings – 2003,” Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Local Anesthesia Procedure

1. Determine the need for local anesthesia. Communicate with your instructor the rationale for needing local anesthesia.

2. Request the Local Anesthetic Consent Form from Clinic Manager/Instructor. The sign up sheet can be filled out ahead of time.

3. Review the form. The duties for both student and dentist are listed on the consent form. It is the student’s responsibility to be familiar with the form.

4. Review the consent with the patient.

5. The patient’s name, date, and signatures of patient (or parent) and student must be

completed prior to getting the supervising dentist.

6. Take the completed consent form, the patient’s medical history (including a blood pressure taken that day), and possible radiographs to the supervising dentist. Inform the dentist of the need for local anesthesia including which areas of the mouth that need anesthesia. The supervising dentist will determine the type of anesthesia required.

7. The supervising dentist fills out the remainder of the consent form and the student will obtain the necessary supplies from Clinic Manager/Instructor.

8. Clinic Manager/Instructor gives the local anesthesia tray to the student, who carries it to the cubical.

9. Have 2x2 gauze and cotton tip applicators available.

Charting

Gingival Assessment

Each line on diagram is 1.5 millimeters.Gingival Margin – Regular pencil – draw it as it appears in the mouth.Mucogingival Line – Red pencil – draw it as it appears in the mouth.Lack of attached gingiva (IAG) – blue/black pen; noted at the bottom of the chart.Sulcular/pocket probing – blue/black pen; (4mm and over), circle in red if there is bleeding on probing.Abnormal Frenum Attachment – blue/black pen; note at the bottom of the chart.Furcation Involvement – “V” in the furcation; note at the bottom of the chart.

Class I = up to 3mm penetration (with perio probe) (V)Class II = greater than 3mm (with Naber’s probe) (V)Class III = through and through furcation (V)

Mobility – “+” at tip of lingual root; note at bottom of chart also.“+” = greater than normal but less than 1 mm movement horizontally.“++” = moderate mobility, greater than 1 mm movement.“+++” = severe mobility, may move in vertical direction.

Sensitivity to Percussion – blue/black pen; note at bottom of chart.

Hard Tissue Charting

MISSING OR EXTRACTED TEETH “X” ACROSS ALL TOOTH/TEETHIMPACTED/UNERUPTED TEETH CIRCLE ALL IN BLUE WITH “////” INSIDE;

AND “UE” AT THE ROOT TIPPARTIALLY ERUPTED SHADE IN BLUE; “PE” AT THE ROOT TIPSUPERNUMERARY TEETH DRAW TOOTH IN BLUE AND CIRCLE IN

REDENDODONTIC TREATMENT BLUE LINE THROUGH ROOT (ALL

CANALS OBTURATED)NEEDS ENDODONTIC TREATMENT RED LINE THROUGH ROOT (ALL

CANALS)IMPLANT BLUESEALANTS OUTLINE IN BLUE WITH “S” INSIDEAMALGAM RESTORATION DRAW IN BLUE AS IT APPEARS IN THE

MOUTH THEN FILL IN WITH BLUE PENCIL

COMPOSITE RESTORATION DRAW IN BLUE AS IT APPEARS IN THE MOUTH THEN “DOT” INSIDE IN BLUE

TEMPORARY RESTORATION OUTLINE IN BLUE “TEMP” INSIDEDEFECTIVE RESTORATION DRAW RED PENCIL LINE AROUND BLUE

RESTORATIONOVERHANG BLUE “<” OR “>”CARIES DRAW SHAPE IN RED AND FILL IN REDQUESTIONABLE/SUSPICIOUS AREA DRAW SHAPE IN RED AND PUT A RED

“?” INSIDEGOLD CROWN/INLAY/FOIL BLUE OUTLINE WITH “///” INSIDESTAINLESS STEEL CROWN OUTLINE IN BLUE; “SS” INSIDEPORCELAIN/INLAY/ONLAY/SYNTHETIC OUTLINE IN BLUE; BLUE DOTS INSIDE

CROWN (“PFM” AT APEX IF CROWN)FIXED PROSTHESIS “X’ OUT ROOTS OF MISSING TEETH; USE

BRACKET AROUND TEETH INVOLVED WITH “FP” BY BRACKET. (Draw the appliance as it appears in mouth).

REMOVABLE PROSTHESIS/APPLIANCE “X” OUT ALL TEETH INVOLVED; USE BRACKET AROUND TEETH INVOLVED WITH “RP” BY BRACKET

SPACE MAINTAINER “X” OUT ALL MISSING TEETH; DRAW IN WIRE AS IT APPEARS IN MOUTH; PUT “SM” UNDER MISSING TOOTH

OPEN CONTACTS/DIASTEMA RED PENCIL; “//” BETWEEN TEETHFRACTURE RED JAGGED LINE; DRAWN AS

FRACTURE APPEARS IN THE MOUTHTOOTH MOVEMENT (DRIFTING) BLUE ARROW IN DIRECTION OF DRIFTEXTRACTION NEED IN RED DRAW TWO PARALLEL

VERTICAL LINES THROUGH THE TOOTHABSCESS OR CYST IN RED DRAW OUTLINE THE SIZE AND

SHAPE AND LOCATION OF PATHOLOGYROOT TIP IN RED PLACE “X” ON CROWN AND

CIRCLE THE ROOTMETALLIC CAST CROWN OUTLINE IN BLUE THEN DRAW

HORIZONTAL LINES WITHIN BLUE

FOR ROTATIONS AND VERSIONS – USE MESIAL ASPECT OF THE TOOTH AS A REFERENCE POINT. (Follow incisal edges in the anterior and occlusal grooves in the posterior).

Infraversion Blue pencil; place arrow on the facial aspect of the crown.

Supraversion Blue pencil; place arrow on the facial aspect of the crown.

Linguoversion Blue pencil; place arrow on incisal/occlusal aspect of the crown

Labioversion Blue pencil; place arrow on the incisal/occlusal aspect of the crown

Torsoversion Blue pencil around the root tip to show direction of the rotation.

Policy for the Procedure of Instrument Tip Broken off in the Mouth

The principle objective in locating a broken instrument tip is to know positively that the tip has been removed. The initiation of any procedure, such as rinsing, use of suction or compressed air, which could cause the removal of the tip unknowingly is to be avoided. The clinician should follow the following procedure:

1. Cease instrumentation, instruct patient not to swallow, while retaining retraction and without moving the patient’s head unnecessarily, isolate with cotton gauze or cotton rolls.

2. Stay calm and do not alarm patient by describing the incident. Send the student on the right to get the clinical instructor or the supervising DDS. Do not leave your patient!!!

3. Blot the tissue dry and examine the area in the mouth where the tip broke including the field of operation, the floor of the mouth and the muccobuccal fold.

4. If available, apply transilluminator or mouth light.

5. Using a curette in a spoon-like stroke, gently examine the gingival sulcus being careful not to push the tip into the junctional epithelium.

6. Consult with the dentist and/or the clinical instructor.

7. If tip is not removed by any of the above means, take a periapical radiograph of the area.

8. Use a perio retriever if instrument is identified in the radiograph.

9. Record the incident on the patient’s chart on the services rendered sheet for that day. Complete an Accident Report Form.

10. If the tip is not retrieved, dial 9-911 to transport patient for chest x-ray. Costs are the responsibility of the patient or student.

DENTAL HYGIENE CLINIC

Germanna Community CollegeSpotsylvania Career and Technical Center

DENTAL HYGIENE SERVICES

The Dental Hygiene Clinic of Germanna Community College offers student-provided oral hygiene care to the public. This service is offered so that dental hygiene students may fulfill the clinical requirements of their college degree program. In the Spotsylvania Career and Technical Center clinic, student hygienists work with patients under the supervision of a registered dental hygienist and/or dentist. All work is checked carefully and frequently by instructors who are registered dental hygienists.

SERVICES AVAILABLE

The following routine preventive dental hygiene services are available:♦ Routine examination of teeth and soft tissue.♦ Scaling and polishing♦ Home care instruction♦ Fluoride applications.♦ Diagnostic radiographs♦ Blood pressure screening♦ Oral cancer screenings♦ Sealants♦ Nutritional counseling♦ Periodontal screening and therapy

FEE

Currently, services by the student hygienists at Germanna Community College are provided at no charge to the patient. Several visits may be necessary to complete patient care.

ELIGIBILITY

Anyone may take advantage of the services provided by the GCC Dental Hygiene Program. Adults are encouraged to be patients. Children may receive care in the clinic but are encouraged to use the local DMax Program operated by the Rappahannock Area Health District. Child care is not provided and children who do not have appointments will not be allowed in the clinic.

APPOINTMENTS

The clinic is normally open Monday – Thursday evenings and Saturdays. Please call 540-727-3132 to be placed on the treatment request list. Should you get the voicemail, please leave your name, address, and phone number. A student will call you to schedule an appointment. Please make cancellations 24 – 48 hours in advance so that students have time to schedule another patient and fulfill their academic requirements.

Expect to spend 3 hours for your initial and subsequent appointments. Remember that the student’s work must be checked at each step by an instructor and that students may tend to work more slowly

and more thoroughly because they are being graded. Complete treatment may involve more than one appointment.

CLINIC LOCATION

The dental hygiene clinic is located at the Spotsylvania Career and Technical Center, 6713 Smith Station Road, Spotsylvania, VA 22553 in room 307.

Patient Procedure Check List

142 143 244 2451. Prepare Operatory a. unit switch on b. clean/disinfect all surfaces (utility gloves) c. attach hand piece d. tray set up e. check and run evacuation system f. replenish supplies2. Patient Reception a. chair accessible b. escort patient to treatment area c. patient comfortably seated d. personal articles stowed 3. Patient Evaluation a. release form signed b. Medical/dental history c. Vital signs d. Intra/extra oral exam e. Hard tissue charting f. Gingival Assessment g. Classification of patient

************

***

******

*** ***

4. Treatment Plan a. identify needs b. formulate appointment sequence c. itemize dental hygiene treatment and services *** *** *** ***5. Patient education a. disclose the patient b. point out areas of concern c. individualized instruction d. patient demonstration ***6. Services a. exploring b. scaling c. polishing, flossing and irrigation

***(quad)***(quad)***

***(quad)***

******

******

7. Patient Record a. Names, dates, and signatures in all appropriate areas. b. all services recorded (in ink) in clear concise terms to include any pertinent patient comments or to accurately document the appointment. *** **** *** ***8. Patient dismissal a. clean face b. ask patient if he/she would like to rinse c. clear area for safe departure of the client d. return chair to the upright position e. return personal articles and any referrals or take home materials. f. reappoint patient. g. escort patient out of the clinic

Procedure for Oral Prophylaxis

Set-up1. Prepare the operatory

a. All instruments must be autoclaved prior to each clinic session (including hand piece, and sharpening stone). Sterilization is the responsibility of each individual student.

b. Check expendable supplies and replenish any that are short. Sign up sheet available for supplies

c. Turn on unit switch.d. Wash hands thoroughly prior to setting up unit.e. Set up unit :) Sanitize (Using utility gloves) the unit and the Alabama cart. Sterile

instruments in their cassette, sterile gauze, hand piece, prophy cups and brushes for polishing and the like are the only things to be kept on the bracket table. Floss, disclosant, pens, pencils, over-gloves and papers are to be kept on the cart top.

f. Attach the hand piece and check for proper function if it is to be used during this session.

g. Check evacuation system.h. Place barriers as instructed in pre clinical sessions. i. Position chair for accessibility.

Patient Reception2. Greet the patient.3. Have the patient read and sign the Authorization to treat form, Patients Rights and Right to Test

form. (These forms are available in Spanish also.) NO WORK CAN BE DONE WITH OUT THIS. If patient is a minor (under 18 years of age) these forms need to be signed by parent or legal guardian.

4. Have patient fill out the Medical/Dental History form in full in the waiting room. (Spanish form is available.)

5. Check to make sure proper payment has been made.6. Escort your patient to your operatory. (Patients are to be escorted to and from the operatory at

all times – even for their restroom breaks.)7. Seat the patient comfortably in an upright position in the dental chair. Take the patients

personal articles and place them where the patient can see them but they are out of the way.8. Verbally review any affirmative answers on the Medical/Dental history forms. Circle any

medical history concerns in red. Refer any medical considerations/problems to instructor and/or Consulting Dentist. Record the name and dosage of any medications the patient is taking. Look up these medications; note the name of the book that was used, the page it was found on and any precautions or considerations needed when performing oral health care while taking these medications. Make sure the phone number of the dentist and physician are recorded on the history form before the instructor checks you in. ***This document must be updated at each visit. Record in space provided on the form.

9. Vital Signs: Blood pressure, and pulse (and temperature if indicated) should be taken on all patients at the initial appointment and subsequent appointments if indicated by health status and the information recorded in the space provided on the Medical history form.

10. Oral Inspection: Extra and Intra-oral examinations must be done on every patient and at each visit. The date of the review and your initials should be placed in the space provided on the oral inspection form.

11. Review radiographic history after intra/extra oral examination and be prepared to make recommendation to instructor. Radiographs should be taken after intra and extra oral exam, prior to beginning gingival assessment.

12. Gingival Assessment-Probing: Probing is done around all fully erupted permanent teeth and periodontal charting should be done on all patients. Hard tissue charting may be done at any time during the appointment and may be checked by the consulting dentist.

13. Classify your patient according to periodontal condition and difficulty level.14. Treatment Plan: Formulate a treatment plan. This will be reviewed at check-in with your

instructor. Record it on the back of the patients Tooth chart form.

Check-in15. Have instructor check you in after you have reviewed the medical history and taken vital signs.16. Check in after intra and extra oral exam and at other indicated times. See checklist. Do not

begin any treatment including patient education until you have all appropriate checks by your assigned clinical instructor.

17. When the instructor approaches- be sure everything is in readiness and that you introduce your patient. Place the records so that they are easily seen. Place them in this order:

a. Authorization to treat form (yellow)b. Med/Dent history form (white)c. Oral inspection (pink)d. Periodontal Charting/Tooth chart (Treatment Plan on back)(pink)e. Patient Classification (green)f. Treatment rendered notes (blue)

18. Follow universal precautions. (All patients must wear protective lenses.)19. Patient education: Disclosing agent is to be used on all patients unless cleared for exception by

clinical instructor.a. Parents of small children should view instructions on proper brushing and flossing techniques.b. Use visual Aidsc. Calculate plaque indexd. Have patient remove all visible plaque by brushing and flossing. Student may need to insure thoroughness of plaque removal by brushing them for the patient as part of their instructional process. (In DNH 142 the instructor is to check for plaque prior to any instrumentation)

20. Before scaling is started, place a gauze 2x2 on the bracket table to wipe debris from hand instruments. This should be replaced periodically as it becomes soiled. Any disposable item that has blood on it or is soaked with saliva should be placed in the refuse bag that is attached to the Alabama cart. Gloves and masks can be disposed of in the regular waste unless blood is visible on these items.

21. Explore the area you have decided to scale. (In DNH 142 – first chart the calculus in lead pencil on your grade sheet for instructor verification.)

22. Begin scaling utilizing a systematic sequence based on the areas assigned for the clinic period. 23. When scaling is completed, check your work using the mirror, explorer and air. Have your

instructor check scaling.24. After all teeth have been scaled and checked by instructor– proceed with polishing: Disclose

patient first then polish then re-disclose and check with mirror and air. Continue this process until all stain and plaque are removed.

25. Plan your schedule so that you can be finished 30 minutes before the end of clinic. Allow enough time for evaluations, checks and clean up.

26. If you feel that you cannot give your patient the best services in the amount of time you have, reappoint the patient. If you need help in determining whether or not to reappoint, consult an instructor. The instructor will help you determine the number of appointments you will need (In DNH 142). If you recognize that more than one appointment is needed, discuss this with the patient to make sure that he/she can return.

27. Check out:a. Make sure all records are complete and signatures are legible.b. Check your own work thoroughlyc. Clean patient’s face, place fresh patient bib, if necessary, and clean 2x2 on the bracket tabled. Bracket tray should be neat with no visible debris or blood on the instruments.e. Check out with your instructor

28. AN INSTRUCTOR OR THE DENTIST MUST CHECK ALL PATIENTS BEFORE THEY LEAVE THE CLINIC WHETHER YOU HAVE FINISHED THE PROPHY OR NOT. No further instrumentation permitted after you have been checked out. (Tissue check)

Patient Dismissal29. Be sure patient’s face is clean.30. Remove napkin, lower seat and to allow for easy egress of the patient. Make sure the bracket

tray and the dental light is out of the way too!31. Make sure you have returned to the patient his/her oral hygiene aids and all personal items

including any removable prosthesis. Make any additional appointments as needed and give the patient an appointment reminder.

32. Thank the patient and escort him/her to the reception area.33. Complete records and turn in to your instructor.34. Have instructor record your grades on your summary sheet.35. Thoroughly clean your instruments (get these ready for sterilization) and unit. Follow

instructions for the cleaning and maintenance of operatory and dental unit. Turn off water and master switch. Position the chair properly before leaving area.

Re-care Intervals

All re-care intervals should be decided upon the needs of the individual, such as but not limited to:- Caries history- Presenting periodontal condition- Caries and periodontal risk assessment- Tobacco use- Home care/plaque index- Systemic conditions

The following is offered to serve as a guideline but final determination should be made by the student in consultation with the clinical instructor.

Periodontal Classification IntervalClass 00 6 months – 1 yearClass 01 6 months Class 02 4 – 6 monthsClass 03 3 – 4 monthsClass 04 2-3 months

Patients that are classified as Periodontal 03 or 04 should have an interval of two months for the first re-care appointment and at that time a full mouth re-evaluation should be performed.

Clinical Score Card for Grade Sheet

Assessing ,Recording & DataDNH – 142 (-1) DNH 244 (-3)DNH – 143 (-2) DNH 245 (-4)

DNH 142 143 244 245Scaling

Difficulty Level

I -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5II -0.5 -1 -1.5 2III -0.25 -0.5 -1 -1.5IV NA -0.25 -0.5 -1

PolishingDifficulty

LevelI -0.6 -0.8 -1 -1.2II -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1III -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8IV NA -0.2 -0.4 -0.6

Self EvaluationClinical Treatment

Patient Name_____________________________________

Perio Classification__________ Difficulty___________

Number of Appointments____________________________

Dental Hygiene Diagnosis__________________________________

Goals_____________________________________________________________________________

_____

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

____________

Outcomes__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________

What I could have done

differently_________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

____________________Student_________________________________________________

General Clinic Protocols

• Fulcruming on hard tissue (teeth) is required in Clinic DNH, 142, 143 unless special exception is made after consultation with clinical instructor.

• Blood Pressure is to be taken on all patients (including children) at every appointment.

• Every student must put name on list if they need an instructor - Do not call your instructor over to your chair. It takes time away from students who have signed the list.

• Students are allowed to do one process per clinic session (except exploring & calculus detection) unless instructor is not busy.

• Clinical instructors should be aware of the procedure that the student needs checked. If the clinical instructor thinks the student is capable of proceeding to another quadrant or to another procedure they may do so with the instructor’s permission. If it is something that the instructor thinks student is capable - WITH instructor’s PERMISSION they may proceed to another procedure.

• Each student is to have two pairs of over-gloves available. Do not leave your treatment area wearing gloves unless overgloves are used.

• Every student must check with their clinical instructor before leaving clinic.

• Students must check in their patient with their clinical instructor prior to having hard tissue charting checked by the dentist.

• Students are to complete paper work and turn into instructor after placing instruments in the ultrasonic cleaner but before breaking down their unit.

• If a student has a question about procedures in the clinic, he/she is to ask their clinical instructor- It is the instructor’s responsibility to ask the clinic coordinator if they do not know the answer. The clinical instructor will return to the student with the correct answer. Do not ask 3 different instructors the same question.

• Students must dismiss their patients by 5:45 am or 8:45 pm. That means out of the chair – Clinical instructors are asked to please assist student with this rule.

• Students must sign up for a procedure check by 5:30 am or 8:30 pm. No grading will be done after this time.

POST-CARE INSTRUCTIONS FOLLOWING ROOT PLANNING

Please read and follow these instructions. They will make you more comfortable and help prevent any complications.

1. CARE OF YOUR MOUTH. Do not eat or drink anything HOT for the next 4 hours. Drink cold fluids. After 4 hours, rinse 6-8 times a day with warm salt water. (Add 1 teaspoon salt to 8 ounces of water that is as hot as a good cup of coffee).

2. DISCOMFORT. Some soreness is normal after deep scaling and root planning, but this will not create any disruption of your normal activities. Sensitivity to cold or hot liquids may occur temporarily. Any discomfort can be controlled with aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Nuprin), or Tylenol. You may also want to use a desensitizing toothpaste such as Sensodyne if cold liquids make you very sensitive.

3. CLEANING. Brushing and flossing are important to the healing process and must be continued as usual. Bleeding may occur with brushing and flossing, but do not stop daily plaque removal. This is perfectly normal and will disappear in a few days. For prolonged bleeding, apply 3 minutes of pressure with gauze or a tea bag.

4. EATING. Your next meal should be a soft diet. Avoid hard, crusty foods such as potato chips, popcorn, hard crusts of bread, etc.

5. SMOKING. Please refrain from smoking for at least 24 hours. Tobacco smoke is a known soft tissue irritant and will interfere with healing. The American Dental Association and the American Cancer Society recommend stopping smoking altogether, but if this is not possible, please refrain from smoking as long as possible.

6. If a particular mouth rinse was prescribed (e.g. Peridex), please have the prescription filled and use the mouth rinse as directed. Maximum benefit from the root planing procedure is obtained when the antimicrobial mouth rinse is combined with increased oral hygiene effort.

Northern Virginia/Germanna Community CollegeJoint Venture Dental Hygiene Program

REFERRAL FOR DENTAL TREATMENT

[ ] ____________________________ was seen initially on_______________ and upon examination displayed__________________________________ which needs to be resolved or corrected before treatment can be started in the NVCC dental hygiene clinic.

[ ]_____________________________________ has completed his/her series of appointments and

upon examination the following was noted:

[ ] Patient exhibits no significant dental disease but needs a comprehensive oral

examination.

[ ] Patient exhibits dental disease that requires further dental treatment.

Comments___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

[ ] Patient exhibits signs and symptoms of periodontal disease that requires further

evaluation and treatment.

Comments___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________[ ] Patient exhibits a

soft tissue lesion that requires further evaluation.

Comments___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Date and type of last radiographs: (available upon request)_____________________

NVCC Supervising Dentist________________________________________

Date______________________________________ LPG/03

Oral InspectionOrder of

Inspection Observe Action N AT/AB CommentsI. General Physical

A. Extremities symmetry, clubbing deformities, edemapresence/absence

observe

B. Stature/Gait size, thin, obese, stooped, scoliosisabnormal movement

observe

C. FacialAppearance

expression, symmetry form, paralysis tic

observe

D. Skin/Completion texture, color lesions, swelling scars,temperature

observe

E. Hair type, amount distribution texture observe

F. Eyes pupil size, color of sclera, bulging glasses

observe

G. Lips color, texture breaks in continuity observe

II. Extra oral

A. Lymph nodes tender/nontenderfixed/mobile

palpation

1. Occipital

2. Post Auricular

3. Pre Auricular

4. Para Parotid

5. Submental

Order ofInspection Observe Action N AT/AB Comments6. Mandibular

7. Sup.Cervical

8. Mid.Cervical

9. Inf Cervical

10. Superficial cervical

B. Glands swelling tenderness palpate observe

1. Parotid

2. Sublingual

3. Submaxillary

4. Thyroid

C. Temporo-Mandibularjoint

deviation, crepitus trismus, painsubluxation

observe palpate

III. Intra oral

A. Lips(closed then open)

color, texture, size, lesions retract, roll, palpate using thumb and index finger

B. Buccal mucosa duct, lesion, ulceration, swelling, color, trauma

palpate observe left then right

C. Vestibule frenal attachments, color, lesions observe

Order ofInspection Observe Action N AT/AB Comments

D. Hard Palate color, height, contour, lesions, appearance of rugae, tori, etc

observe and palpate

E. Soft Palate & Uvula

color, size, shape, lesions observe, depress tongue

F. Tonsillar area color, drainage, size & shape of tonsils, surface characteristics

observe, depress tongue Patient "ah"

G. Salivary Ducts color & sizeflow & consistency of saliva

observe palpate

1. Whartons

2. Stensons

3. Accessory

H. Tongue limitation of movement, papillae color, fissures, lesions, swelling, indurations, frenal attachment

observe retract with2 X 2 palpate

1. DorsalSurface

2. VentralSurface

3. LateralBorders

4. Base

I. Floor of mouth VericositiesColorlesions

observepalpate

1. Sublingual

Order ofInspection Observe Action N AT/AB Comments

2. Lingualwall ofmandible

J. Breath Odor Severity and relation to 0 H

K. PeriodontalEvaluation

alveolar bonegingival contourhemorrhageedemacleftgeneral oral hygiene

The following are described on the Dental and Periodontal Chart:

MEDICAL ALERT

Indicate contributory medical findings that may affect the patient's periodontal condition or treatment.

GINGIVAL DESCRIPTION

Describe the gingiva using any of the following descriptors:

Colorpale pinkpinkcoral pinkpinkish-redredmagentapurplepigmented

Contourtightly adaptedknife-edge marginsfills embrasure spacebulbousrecededblunted papillaecrateredrolled marginscleftsfestoons

Consistencyfirmresilientedematousspongysoftmargins easily retractedglazed/shinyfibroticfriable

Include distribution, severity and location in the gingival description:

DistributionLocalized - confined to a single tooth or group of teethGeneralized - distributed throughout the majority of the oral structures

SeverityA subjective evaluation of the degree of diseaseA SLIGHT A MODERATE A ADVANCED(minor, mild, early) (severe)

LocationPapillary - confined to the papillaeMarginal - confined to the gingival marginDiffuse - involves all of the attached gingiva and may include part or all of the mucosa

- Also note any localized areas of purulent exudate upon probing.- Mucogingival defects: Tooth number and area, facial or lingual should be noted.

RADIOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION:

The presence or absence of alveolar bone loss should be noted. ( Slight, moderate or severe bone loss)

The interdental septum should be examined. It should be well-defined and distinct. If it appears as fussy or indistinct it should be noted as a loss of crestal density (slight bone loss) - which may be indicative of early alveolar resorptive changes.

If frank alveolar bone loss is present it should be noted whether it is localized or generalized, horizontal or vertical, and slight, moderate or advanced. As a general guideline, slight bone loss would be up to 25% of the original total support (2 mm), moderate = 25% to 50% (2-5mm) and advanced = 50% (over 5mm) and greater. Any other significant radiographic abnormalities should be noted such as periapical radiolucencies or radiopacities for example.

CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS:

Record local or systemic factors that would exacerbate disease and/or make plaque control more difficult for the patient. Examples of local factors include amalgam overhangs, large carious lesions, improper crown or fixed bridge contour, ill-fitting prosthodontic appliances, malpositioning, habits missing teeth, open contacts.

Systemic factors would include compromised immune function such as phagocytic cell disorders, leukemias, uncontrolled diabetes, etc.

OCCLUSAL FACTORS:

Signs and symptoms of trauma from occlusion include: tooth mobility, fremitus, TMJ disorders, muscle stiffness or soreness, or limited opening or function.

If these symptoms do present in part or in whole, the symptoms should be noted, the involved tooth or teeth recorded and an attempt should be made to elucidate in which functional movement the fremitus occurs. The reason for mobility should be determined.

DIAGNOSIS/CLINICAL IMPRESSION:

Now that a thorough evaluation of the periodontium has been done and all of the signs and symptoms of disease have been identified and expanded upon as necessary, you should be able to use the data accumulated to formulate a probable diagnosis or "clinical impression” of the periodontal disease or diseases present.

The presence of disease should be noted as either localized or generalized, mild, moderate or advanced and the disease state. The most common forms of periodontal disease that you will see should include:

GINGIVITIS-inflammation of the gingiva without attachment loss.PERIODONTITIS-inflammation of the periodontium with attachment loss.

Probable diagnosis example:"generalized gingivitis with mild localized periodontitis"

ADA CASE TYPE:

this represents an artificial classification for the periodontal disease states of GINGIVITIS AND PERIODONTITIS.

Case Type I - GINGIVITISCase Type II - MILD PERIODONTITISCase Type III - MODERATE PERIODONTITISCase Type IV - ADVANCED PERIODONTITISCase V - REFRACTORY

Obviously, not every patient will neatly fit into one of these categories. Please bear in mind that this is an artificial classification system and some variance will occur.

Make sure that the Case Type does coincide with your diagnosis. An individual patient cannot be a Case Type I and exhibit loss of attachment as this constitutes Periodontitis and not Gingivitis.

PROGNOSIS:

Under this heading, there should be a general appraisal (good, fair, poor) of the probable prognosis for the case. Severities such as teeth with an unfavorable prognosis should be noted by tooth number. Prognosis may be determined by sextant, quadrant, or arch depending upon the findings with the exceptions noted. Remember that the prognosis should depend on adequate maintenance after initial therapy. Probable prognosis example: "good with adequate maintenance: or "generally good with adequate maintenance except poor for tooth #7 which exhibits severe vertical bone loss."

A prediction of the duration, course, and termination of disease and the likelihood of its response to treatment. consider the following factors when stating prognosis:

-Probability that local irritants will be eliminated-Presence of systemic factors i.e. hormonal disorders-Patient's oral hygiene habits-Height of remaining bone-Periodontal pockets-Malocclusion-Patient's age

Section IV

Program Clinical Requirements

Comprehensive Clinical RequirementsPatients

Students will complete approximately 50 patients (minimum 83 Quality points) during their course work (DNH 142, 143, 244, and 245) at a minimum of 75% for both the implementation portion and the assessment/diagnosis/planning/evaluation portion. Of these patients, approximately 50% should be Periodontal Class 00 and 01, approximately 25% should be Periodontal Class 02, and approximately 25% should be Periodontal Class 03 or 04. If a student has completed the above stated requirements prior to the end of their course work, they will meet with their advisor to formulate an individualized course of study for their remaining clinic time. Included in the above number of total patients the student will be required to see 4 pedodontic patients, 4 teenage patients, 2 geriatric patients, and 2 medically/physically compromised patients. The student is required to do a human needs assessment and self-evaluation of clinical treatment on ten of his/her patients and keep them in a portfolio for review by their advisor.

As a guide to completing the requirements, the students are advised to complete the following requirements by semester. Worksheets for each semester will be maintained by the student and local coordinator so that the students progress is tracked.

DNH 142Total number of patients = 8Difficulty I = 6 patients Perio 00 or 01 = 6 patientsDifficulty II = 2 patients Perio 02 = 1 patient

Perio 03 = 1 patient(10 Quality points minimum)

DNH 143Total number of patients = 9Difficulty I = 6 patients Perio 00 or 01 = 4 patientsDifficulty II = 2 patients Perio 02 = 2 patientsDifficulty III = 1 patient Perio 03 = 2 patients(13 Quality points minimum)

DNH 244Total number of patients = 15Difficulty I = 7 patients Perio 00 or 01 = 7 patientsDifficulty II = 4 patients Perio 02 = 4 patientsDifficulty III = 3 patients Perio 03 = 4 patientsDifficulty IV = 1 patient(28 Quality points minimum)

DNH 245Total number of patients = 18Difficulty I = 9 patients Perio 01 = 9 patientsDifficulty II = 5 patients Peio 02 = 4 patientsDifficulty III = 3 patients Perio 03 = 5 patientsDifficulty IV = 1 patient(32 Quality points minimum)

The Clinic Coordinator shall keep a record of the number of patients and their different classifications that is completed by the student. This is done for each semester.

The Clinic Coordinator shall keep a record of all other clinical requirements such as processes, radiographs, rotations and clinical reports.

The Clinic Coordinator shall review each students file every semester to ensure that the student is being afforded the opportunity to treat a variety of patients and to counsel student onhow to plan his/her course of study.

Quality points are assigned according to how difficult a patient is classified and will be distributed as follows:Difficulty 1 = 1 pointDifficulty II = 2 pointsDifficulty III = 3 pointsDifficulty IV = 4 points(Difficulty IV patients could break down to 4 difficulty I patients; or 1 difficulty II plus 2 difficulty I; or 2 difficulty II patients; or 1 difficulty III patient plus 1 Difficulty I. Difficulty III patients breakdown in a similar manner).

Failure to achieve minimum quality points in any class will not allow student to receive more than a final grade of C for that semester unless otherwise noted in the syllabus for that specific course.

Failure to accomplish 75% of the minimum quality points will initiate review of the student’s progress by the Clinic Coordinator and the Assistant Dean to evaluate the feasibility of the student’s successfully completing the Dental Hygiene Program. If they feel that the minimum quality points can still be accomplished, a course of remediation should be formulated and agreed to by both the faculty and the student.

Classifications of PatientsPedodontic = Patient has all deciduous teeth or mixed dentition.Teenager = Patient is between 12 and 20 years of age and has no deciduous teeth.Adult = Patient is over 19 and under 55 years of age and exhibits no chronic or acute disease.Geriatric = Patient is over 55 years of age.Medically/Physically Compromised = Patient can be of any age; exhibits acute/chronic disease or physical/mental deficiency. This classification of patient will fall into two categories. Age and Medical/Physically Compromised.