DEIXIS ANALYSIS OF THE NOVEL THE TWELFTH CARD

(2005)

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement

For Getting Bachelor Degree of Education

In English Department

By:

Dian Setya Nugraha

A 320 080 222

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMDIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

2015

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MOTTO

No matter how confident you are in your abilities. In the end, what it comes

down to is the power to believe. The power to believe that you will succeed. If

you have that, the result will be better.

Our greatest weakness lies in giving up. The most certain way to succeed is

always to try just one more time.

(Thomas A. Edison)

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DEDICATION

This research is proudly dedicated to:

The Greatest Allah SWT

My Beloved Parents

My Beloved Sister

My Beloved Friends

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbal'alamin, praise to Allah SWT, The Lord of the life who

gives guidance and blessing to the researcher so the researcher can finish this

research paper entitled “DEIXIS ANALYSIS OF THE NOVEL THE TWELFTH

CARD (2005).” And thanks to the great prophet Muhammad SAW, peace be upon

him, who show us the right way.

The researcher realizes that the research paper cannot be finished without

many helps and supports from several people. The researcher would like to express

his earnest gratitude for the following persons:

1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko P., as the Dean of School of Teacher Training and

Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., as the chief of English Department

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

3. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M. Hum., as the first consultant, who has given her

time to guide, advice, and share much knowledge patiently to the researcher

in this research paper finished

4. Siti Fatimah, S.Pd., M.Hum., as the second consultant, who has given her

time to correct the grammatical error of this research paper

5. All lectures of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta especially English

Department who has helped and guide the writer in many ways

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TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE ............................................................................................................ i

APPROVAL .................................................................................................. ii

ACCEPTANCE ............................................................................................. iii

TESTIMONY ................................................................................................. iv

MOTTO ......................................................................................................... v

DEDICATION ............................................................................................... vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENT .............................................................................. vii

TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................ ix

LIST OF TABLE .......................................................................................... xi

SUMMARY .................................................................................................... xii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ................................................................. 1

A. Background of the Study ...................................................................... 1

B. Previous Study .................................................................................... 3

C. Limitation of the Study ........................................................................ 4

D. Problem Statement ............................................................................... 4

E. Objective of the Study .......................................................................... 5

F. Benefit of The Study ............................................................................ 5

G. Research Paper Organization ............................................................... 5

CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY .................................................. 7

A. Discourse .............................................................................................. 7

1. Notion of Discourse....................................................................... 7

2. Discourse Analysis ........................................................................ 7

3. Text and Context ........................................................................... 9

B. Deixis ................................................................................................... 11

1. The Notion of Deixis ..................................................................... 11

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2. Kinds of Deixis.............................................................................. 12

a. Person deixis ...................................................................... 12

b. Place deixis......................................................................... 14

c. Time deixis ......................................................................... 15

d. Discourse deixis ................................................................. 15

e. Social deixis ....................................................................... 17

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD ..................................................... 19

A. Type of The Study ................................................................................ 19

B. Object of The Study ............................................................................. 19

C. Data and The Data Source.................................................................... 19

D. Method and Technique of Collecting Data .......................................... 19

E. Technique of The Data Analysis .......................................................... 20

CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION ........................... 21

A. Data Analysis ....................................................................................... 21

1. Person Deixis................................................................................. 21

2. Place Deixis ................................................................................... 27

3. Time Deixis ................................................................................... 31

4. Discourse Deixis ........................................................................... 39

5. Social Deixis ................................................................................. 43

B. Discussion ............................................................................................ 48

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSSION AND SUGGESTION ............................. 66

A. Conclusion .......................................................................................... 66

B. Suggestion ............................................................................................ 68

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX

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LIST OF TABLE

Table 4.1 Total Deixis Found in The Twelfth Card novel ............................... 48

Table 4.2 Kinds of person deixis in The Twelfth Card novel .......................... 49

Table 4.2.2 Singular First Person Deixis and Its References ........................... 50

Table 4.2.3 Plural First Person Deixis and Its References ............................... 51

Table 4.2.4 Singular Second Person Deixis and Its References ...................... 53

Table 4.2.5 Plural Second Person Deixis and Its References .......................... 54

Table 4.2.6 Singular Third Person Deixis and Its References ......................... 54

Table 4.2.7 Plural Third Person Deixis and Its References ............................. 56

Table 4.3 Kinds of Place Deixis in The Twelfth Card Novel........................... 57

Table 4.3.2 Proximal Distance Deixis.............................................................. 57

Table 4.3.3 Distal Distance Deixis ................................................................... 58

Table 4.4: Kinds of Time Deixis in The Twelfth Card Novel .......................... 59

Table 4.4.2 Past Time Deixis ........................................................................... 60

Table 4.4.3 Present Time Deixis ...................................................................... 61

Table 4.4.4 Future Time Deixis ....................................................................... 62

Table 4.5: Kinds of Discourse Deixis in The Twelfth Card Novel .................. 63

Table 4.6: Kinds of Social Deixis in The Twelfth Card Novel ........................ 63

Table 4.6.2 Absolute Social Deixis .................................................................. 64

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SUMMARY

DIAN SETYA NUGRAHA, A 320 080 222, DEIXIS ANALYSIS OF

THE NOVEL THE TWELFTH CARD (2005). RESEARCH PAPER.

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2015.

The objectives of the study are to find out the forms, and clarify the

meaning of deixis used in The Twelfth Card novel.

In collecting the data, the writer uses observation and documentation

method by selecting the deixis forms that can be found in The Twelfth Card

novel. The sources of data are The Twelfth Card novel. This research

employs the theory of deixis in discourse analysis, and theory of context to

clarify the reference and meanings of deixis.

The result of the study shows that, there are 2686 deixis divided into

five types. (1) person deixis are 2222 or 83% that is divided into first person

deixis consisting of 466 deixis or 20, 97 %, second person deixis consisting

of 335 deixis or 15,08 %, and third person deixis consisting of 1421 deixis or

63,95 %. (2) Place deixis consists of 149 deixis or 5%. (3) Time deixis

consists of 176 deixis or 7%. (4) Discourse deixis consists 116 deixis or 4 %.

(5) Social deixis consists of 21 deixis or 1%. Social deixis is divided into

absolute social deixis (15 items / 71, 43% of total social deixis) and relational

social deixis (6 items or 28,57% of total social deixis).

The reference and meaning of deixis the researcher analyzed are ten

references. (1) Based on first person deixis, the most dominant reference is

Geneva Settle that appears 123 times or 34,45 %. (2) Based on second person

deixis, the most dominant reference is Geneva Settle that appears 71 times or

24,91 %. (3) Based on third person deixis, the most dominant reference is

also Geneva Settle that appears 299 times or 23,67 %. (4) Based on the

proximal place deixis, the most dominant reference is Lincoln Rhyme’s

Office; it appears 36 times or 24, 16%. (5) Based on the distal place deixis,

the most dominant reference is Library of African-American Museum that

appears 54 times or 36, 24%. (6) Based on the past time deixis, the most

dominant reference is Tuesday morning that appears 12 times or 7, 03 %. (7)

Based on the present time deixis, the most dominant reference is the time

when the main characters gathering in the Rhyme’s Office, the deixis appears

30 times or 16,85 %.(8) Based on the future time deixis, the most dominant

reference is Tuesday morning; it appears 39 times or 18,9 %. (9) Based on

the portion of discourse, the most dominant reference is the situation where

Geneva Settle was attacked by Thompson Boyd that appears 41 times or 41,

03 %. (10) Based on the social relationship between the speakers and the

addressee, the most dominant reference is Lincoln Rhyme who has a position

as the leader of Investigation Team of Geneva Settle case; this reference

appears 8 times or 34,78 %.

Keywords: deixis, types, references, context.