DEFINITION OF A QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM FOR LPT ...sidt.org/2017/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/1445-Nelli.pdf · Nelli C., Deflorio F., Dalla Chiara B., Definition of a quality monitoring

DEFINITION OF A QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM FOR LPT DELIVERED SERVICE:

ROLE OF AUTOMATIC PASSENGER COUNTING APPLICATIONS

Claudio Nelli, Francesco Deflorio, Bruno Dalla Chiara

Politecnico di Torino, Dept. DIATI -Transport System

XXII SIDT National Scientific Seminar

September, 15th 2017

Politecnico di Bari – Aula Magna

▪ INTRODUCTION

▪ APC TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES

▪ ACCURACY IN APC

▪ COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT APC SOLUTIONS FOR LPT (LOCAL PUBLIC TRANSPORT) QUALITY MONITORING

▪ CONCLUSIONS

XXII SIDT National Scientific Seminar Bari, September 14-15th 2017

2

Outline

D.Lgs. 422/97 Provision of functions and tasks in the area of LPT for local and regionalauthorities

EN 13816:2002 EN 15140:2006

Service Quality (SQ) measurementfor Public Passenger Transport (PPT)

DPCM dell’11.03.2013 Concept of load factor for the allocation of LPT economical resources

MIT Decree n. 255/16 Electronic ticketing standards in Italy

ASSTRA transport association guidelines

Guidelines for the application of the UNI EN 13816 standard

XXII SIDT National Scientific Seminar Bari, 14-15 settembre 2017

3

LPT monitoring policies in Italy

UNI EN 13816: The Quality Loop

Customer view

Service quality sought

Service quality perceived

Service quality targeted

Service quality delivered

Service BeneficiariesCustomers and the community

Service partnersOperator, Authorities, Police, Road department, …

Service provider view

CSS: Customer Satisfaction Surveys MSS: Mystery Shopping SurveysDPM: Direct Performance Measures

Measurement of the satisfaction

Measurement of the performance

PPT Service Quality measurement [1]


4

[1] EN 13816 European Standard, 2002.

UNI EN 15140: delivered SQ measurement examples

What does Archimate provide?

• A language with concepts to describe architectures

• A framework to organize these concepts

• A graphical notation for representing elements and relationships

• An open standard maintained by The Open Group global consortium


5

Archimate language main features [2]

[2] ‘The Open Group’, http://www.opengroup.org/, 05/04/2017

http://www.opengroup.org/

Core Framework Layers:

Business

Application

Technology

Laye

rs

Aspects

Passive Structure

Behaviour Active Structure


6

Archimate language main features [2]

[2] ‘The Open Group’, http://www.opengroup.org/, 05/04/2017

http://www.opengroup.org/

The modalities to count the people on tramways, buses and trains can be classified into the two following categories:

1. Counting irrespective on the ticket:

a. Monitoring of single individuals, usually by technologies on board the vehicle;

b. Monitoring of the overall load on the means of transport, with technologies applied to the suspensions or on the ground (rare).

2. Counting related to the ticket (e.g. by people check-in and check-out monitoring)


7

APC system classification [3]

[3] Pinna I.; Dalla Chiara B.; Deflorio F.P. (2010), “Rilievo automatico dei passeggeri e del carico dei veicoli / Automatic passenger counting and vehicle load monitoring”, Ingegneria Ferroviaria, 2/2010, pp. 101-138, 2010.

Active I-R Passive I-R Active and Passive I-R

Treadle mats Computer (Stereo) Vision


8

Detection and counting passengers at doors[3]


WIM Station

Load cells andElectro-pneumatic valve/sensors


9

Estimation of the vehicle load [3]


Check in Check out

Cards / Electronic tickets to monitor mobility

services and the crowding level, according to the

tracked travels

Anti theft system?Data fusion and merging


10

Counting related to the ticket(s)


11

Computer Stereo Vision Archi model


12

Archi model of Video Content Analysis

Unbalanced errorBalanced entering/exiting

pass. errorPassenger error

Npassengers

manual =M in + Mout

2

Npassengers

APC =I in + Iout

2

Epass =Npassengers

APC - Npassengers

manual

Npassengers

manual´100%

Epassin =I in - M in( )

M in

´100%

Epassout =Iout - Mout( )

Mout

´100%

Eunbalanced =Ein + Eout( )M in + Mout( )

´100%

Number of passengers

=

ak -ck + bk - dk

k=1

n

åk=1

n

åæ

èç

ö

ø÷

M in + Mout( )´100%


13

4 Error definitions [4]

[4] iris-GmbH, https://www.irisgmbh.de/wp-content/uploads/KunDok_IRMA4-Accuracy-20060912-e.pdf, 01/08/2017.

https://www.irisgmbh.de/wp-content/uploads/KunDok_IRMA4-Accuracy-20060912-e.pdf

APC systems might provide data with

errors

A statistical procedure can be applied to correct APC data

The counted number of boarded passengers might be different from the counted number of passengers alighted

The error is spread over stops proportionally to the traffic load that insists on each of them

The statistically corrected APC data set will fit better the real counts


14

Statistical correction of raw APC data [4]




15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40T

erm

ina

l

Sto

p 0

1

Sto

p 0

2

Sto

p 0

3

Sto

p 0

4

Sto

p 0

5

Sto

p 0

6

Sto

p 0

7

Sto

p 0

8

Sto

p 0

9

Sto

p 1

0

Veh

icle

Occu

pan

cy

Manual APC system Statistics

Statistical corrected APC data: Example [4]



The model shows APC systems contribution in evaluating LPT Service Quality and consequently in improving the user's travel experience

APC SQ Infomobility


16

Architecture of LPT monitoring system


17

LPT SQ monitoring and Infomobility systems

APC data

Infomobility

APC data

Infomobility


18

On Board APC Systems


19

WIM Station

APC data

Infomobility


20

Load cells and Electro-pneumatic valves

APC data

Infomobility

▪ Public transport monitoring policies in Italy have been reviewed

▪ The most common APC systems on the market have been analyzed, focusing on the most cutting-edge technologies

▪ Every APC system does not work without faults, therefore APC raw data should undergo a statistical processing and deailed analysis

▪ ArchiMate models have been proposed to outline the general architecture of a LPT monitoring system

▪ APC systems contribute in evaluating LPT Service Quality and consequently in improve the user's travel experience

▪ On-site tests planned for Winter 2017


21

Conclusions

Nelli C., Deflorio F., Dalla Chiara B., Definition of a quality monitoring system for lPT delivered service: role of automatic passenger counting applications; XXII SIDT National Scientific Seminar, September, 15th 2017 - Politecnico di Bari – Aula Magna; by Politecnico di Torino, Dept. DIATI -Transport System.

Documents

DEFINITION OF A QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM FOR LPT ...sidt.org/2017/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/1445-Nelli.pdf · Nelli C., Deflorio F., Dalla Chiara B., Definition of a quality monitoring