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Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 1
Integrated Power Technology Corporation http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy:
the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder and Chief Engineer
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 2
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 3
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 4
3)( mtTmT vAP
Total power output is cubically proportional to motive fluid
velocity in a turbine
• Any turbine will capture twice more power for motive fluid velocity improvement of only 26%.
• Capacity Factor doubles merely by capturing energy in 9 m/s winds compared to 7 m/s winds.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 5
Hellman Wind Gradient Model shows this can be achieved at
300m
• (Impossible for Fixed Wind Turbines);
• But is already in use commercially:-
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 6
Density of water is approximately seven hundred seventy four times greater than air near 0° C.
Water through the turbine and high altitude winds to pull the turbine over the sea:
• Substantially smaller system form-factor;• Lower materials cost for equivalent energy yields;• Immensely scalable (Square-Cube Law & Geographically).
CAirOH 0@7742
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 7
Navigation of Fleets by Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system Human Machine
Interface (SCADA HMI)
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 8
Patented SCADASupervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system
comprises:
• Weather prediction and tracking data aggregation (GIS);
• Commodity price and currency exchange rate data for Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) Assessment;
• Configuration Data;
• Unmanned Marine Vehicle (UMV);
• Vessel Velocity Performance Prediction (VPP);
• Path cost or path yield analysis algorithm.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 9
Mobile Hybrid Craft profitably overcome existing Offshore Fixed Platform costs: direct grid
connection cabling, foundations, installation, O&M, Resource Intermittency.
Existing Total costs: £3.1M/MW and over £140/MWh*
• Foundations, Cable, Cable Installation, Grid Connect ~48% Total.
• Cable installation problems incur huge losses, most exceeding $1M;
Common cable installation vessel issues/costs:• Weather window;• Speed of installation;• Large Offshore Crew payroll, Typically 60 crew members;• Insurance;• Permitting.
* Technology Innovation Needs Assessment (TINA) of the Low Carbon Innovation Co-ordination Group (LCICG)
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 10
A fleet of remote-controlled mobile craft mitigate or circumvent existing risks/costs:
• Capacity Factor optimized by weather prediction;• Resource Intermittency;• Oversubscribed Grid/Curtailment;• Storage feedstock scarcity;• Land-Use Restrictions, Aesthetic Objections (“NIMBY”),
eliminated;• Regulatory Delays minimized,
• International waters under limited jurisdiction, IMO, UNCLOS, only;
• Foreign Flag, Flag of Convenience, Open Registry;• Load Balancing/Baseload Functionality;• Installation and Maintenance Difficulty/Costs minimized;• Port-Side maintenance (not dangerous field) procedures;• Susceptibility to Damage from Severe Weather reduced.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 11
Mobile versus Fixed Structure Bottom Line
• The increased Capacity Factor pays for the round trip storage inefficiency.
• Eliminating the cost of EIS, Foundations, Cable, Cable Installation, Grid Connect pays for the mobile hybrid craft.
• Performing assembly-line maintenance procedures at a central location instead of dangerous field maintenance further enhances profitability.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 12
A Novel Aero/Hydrokinetic Hybrid Structure
(closer look)
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 13
Multi-Hull Turbofoil®-equipped Vessel
Front view, cross-section
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 14
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 15
3)( mtTmT vAP
2
2
1mvWm vAm T
)(2
1 31
3010 vvAPPP TTTT
2
2
1vmPT
3301
2
T
T
A
Pvv
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 16
North Sea and North Atlantic Averages
UK Offshore Wind Market Study – Final Report A report by Redpoint Energy Limited in association with GL Garrad Hassan, October 2012
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 17
Commodities available from these Mobile Hybrid craft:
• Metric Tonnes of Ammonia; • kg-H2; • kWh of electricity (Electric Vehicle Batteries);• Seawater-to-HydroCarbon.
Ammonia is an energy carrier, fertilizer, and environmental remediation (i.e. Amine H2S & CO2 scrubbing) feedstock, other environmental remediation reagents produced by Mobile Hybrid Craft include:• Oxygen;• Chlorine Bleach - sodium hypochloride (NaOCl) – 4mg/l
abates phytoplankton blooms and other fouling species;• Caustic Soda, (Lye) NaOH.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 18
Operational Paradigm
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 19
Barge/Tug path for all Cork, Ireland examples
Ammonia Production, Cork, Ireland, April 3, 7, 9, 2013
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 20
Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 7.10 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 204.89 nautical miles.
Ammonia Production, Cork, Ireland in 25 knot (avg.) winds, April 3, 2013
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/Cork_3_4_2013_1200_NH3.htm
Total Metric Tonnes of NH3 stored:
4.40 metric tonnes
Average Metric Tonnes of NH3 per hour: 0.62 mt(NH3)/h
LCOE (NH3):
$66 USD/MWh
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 21
Ammonia Production, Cork, Ireland in 29 knot (avg.) winds, April 7, 2013
Total Metric Tonnes of NH3 stored:
3.26 metric tonnes
Average Metric Tonnes of NH3 per hour: 0.60 mt(NH3)/h
"LCOE (NH3)":
$66 USD/MWh
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/Cork_7_4_2013_0600_NH3.htm
Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 5.39 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 177.09 nautical miles.
.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 22
Ammonia Production, Cork, Ireland in 28 knot (avg.) winds, April 9, 2013
Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 5.61 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 177.59 nautical miles.
Total Metric Tonnes of NH3 stored:
3.41 metric tonnes
Average Metric Tonnes of NH3 per hour: 0.61 mt(NH3)/h
"LCOE (NH3)":
$66 USD/MWh
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/Cork_9_4_2013_0000_NH3.htm
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 23
Hydrogen Production, Cork, Ireland in 25 knot (avg.) winds, April 3, 2013
Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 15.01 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 451.04 nautical miles.
Total Metric Tonnes of H2 stored:
1.42 metric tonnes
Average Metric Tonnes of H2 per hour: 0.09 mt(H2)/h
"LCOE (H2)":
$82 USD/MWh
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/Cork_3_4_2013_1200_H2.htm
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 24
Hydrogen Production, Cork, Ireland in 29 knot (avg.) winds, April 7, 2013
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/Cork_7_4_2013_0600_H2.htm
Total Metric Tonnes of H2 stored:
1.22 metric tonnes
Average Metric Tonnes of H2 per hour:
0.12 mt(H2)/h
"LCOE (H2)":
$74 USD/MWh
Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 10.09 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 351.43 nautical miles.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 25
Hydrogen Production, Cork, Ireland in 28 knot (avg.) winds, April 9, 2013
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/Cork_9_4_2013_0000_H2.htm
Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 12.09 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 404.81 nautical miles.
Total Metric Tonnes of H2 stored:
1.47 metric tonnes
Average Metric Tonnes of H2 per hour:
0.12 mt(H2)/h
"LCOE (H2)":
$75 USD/MWh
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 26
EV Battery Charging, Kodiak, Alaska in 26 knot (avg.) winds, March 13, 2013
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/Kodiak_3_13_2013_N_EV.htm
Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 5.05 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 110.12 nautical miles
Average # of EV Batteries Charged per hour: 20.50 EV Batteries/h
"LCOE (EV)":
$52 USD/MWh
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 27
Grid Feed-in, per storage means:• Hydrogen Fuel Cell:
• ~72% efficient;• >>$1000USD/kW;
• Direct Ammonia Fuel Cell (SOFC, PCCFC):• ~72% efficient;• ~$1000USD/kW;
• Ammonia Drop-in Replacement for Combined Cycle Gas-fired Turbine:• ~72% efficient;• ~$1000USD/kW;
• EV Battery + Inverter:• ~90% efficient;• <<$1000USD/kW;
Which stakeholder owns Fuel Cell/EV Batteries?
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 28
Technology SummaryMobile Hybrid Craft are feasible, beneficial and, when mass produced, likely more profitable and functional than fixed onshore and offshore grid-tied stored wind.• Higher Capacity Factor due to weather prediction and tracking;• Wide Geographically Diversified Distributed Generation, Deepwater
ready;• Reduced Maintenance and Operation costs;• Much less permitting, no environmental impact nor land lease costs; • Installation difficulties eliminated and much wider windows of
opportunity for deployment;• Enhanced functionality such as Load Balancing and Baseload
functionality due to distributed storage: Higher Capacity Factor, and no cable nor foundation - infrastructure savings pays for storage inefficiency;
• Immense Scalability, Grid Feed-in, Fuel, or other Commodities.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 29
Best available estimate of cost savings over offshore
platforms is 50%
Ammonia Production, Cork, Ireland in 25 knot (avg.) winds, April 3, 2013
Versus Existing Platforms
Which stakeholder owns Fuel Cell?
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 30
Development (four stages)
• Celtic Mist + Schottel Turbine or Bow Thruster
• Turbine-equipped Catamaran (for speed, with storage)
• Integrate converging technologies, e.g. remote control
• Full-scale vessel, maximising all system’s advantages.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 31
From Desk to Practical Research
Thruster from SCHOTTEL GmbH
Propulsion by CELTIC MIST
• one of 2 wind-powered research vessels in EU
Turbofoil® Power take-off means is closer to ship bow-thrusters than to wind turbine technology trials with:
Development
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 32
DevelopmentThruster from SCHOTTEL GmbH
Advantages of the SCHOTTEL Rim Thruster in brief: • High performance
• Eco-friendly
• Low noise
• Low vibrations
• Compact design
• Water-lubricated bearings
• Exchangeable blades
• Exchangeable slide bearings
http://www.schottel.de/news-events/news/news-detail/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=113&cHash=2a6dc83c6dd932896be9595e054fe313
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 33
DevelopmentThruster from SCHOTTEL GmbH
SCHOTTEL Rim Thruster (SRT) sizes:
Type Inner diameter Rated power [mm] [kW]
SRT 800 800200
SRT 1000 1000315
SRT 1250 1250500
SRT 1600 1600800
http://www.schottel.de/news-events/news/news-detail/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=113&cHash=2a6dc83c6dd932896be9595e054fe313
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 34
DevelopmentSCHOTTEL TIDAL GENERATOR STG 50
http://www.schottel.de/schottel-group/schottel-worldwide/josef-becker-forschungszentrum/schottel-tidal-and-current-energy/
• Robust, simple and light-weight
• Low investment cost
• Low maintenance cost
• High availability
• Flexible, modular approach
• Scalable in terms of quantity
• Compatible with various support structures
• High efficiency & low thrust
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 35
DevelopmentSCHOTTEL TIDAL GENERATOR STG 50
http://www.schottel.de/schottel-group/schottel-worldwide/josef-becker-forschungszentrum/schottel-tidal-and-current-energy/
• Horizontal free flow turbine
• Rotor diameter: 4.0 to 4.5 m
• Rated flow speed approx. 2.5 m/s
• Maximum flow speed 5.0 m/s
• Rated power 45 to 50 kW (Grid-ready)
• Drive train and generator water cooled
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 36
DevelopmentPropulsion by CELTIC MIST • 56 ft steel hulled ketch
• 350 hp diesel Caterpillar Engine
• Displacement c30 tonnes
• Maximum speed of 8.5knots
350hp = 260995W @ 8.5 knots
http://www.rvcelticmist.ie/
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 37
DevelopmentSCHOTTEL Thruster or Tidal Generator on Celtic Mist SRT800 or
SRT1600
or STG 50
Existing mounting
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 38
DevelopmentSCHOTTEL Thruster or Tidal Generator on Celtic Mist SRT800 power 21518 W @ 8.5 knots vessel
velocity
plus Celtic Mist 260995 W
total Sail power required = 282513 W
a wind speed of 22.3 knots is required to attain 282513 W from a 300m2 spinnaker in a running point-of-sail.
or SRT1600 power 86072 W @ 8.5 knots vessel velocity
plus Celtic Mist 260995 W
total Sail power required = 347067 W
a wind speed of 23.9 knots is required to attain 347067 W from a 300m2 spinnaker in a running point-of-sail.
or STG 50 • Rated flow speed approx. 2.5 m/s
• Maximum flow speed 5.0 m/s
• Rated power 45 to 50 kW
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 39
Development
PS=PVD+PTD [1]
ηSPS=PVD + PTO/ηT [2]
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/SRT_model.xls
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 40
DevelopmentCELTIC MIST Sail Plan Migration
Fore-and-Aft Rigging (existing)
Spinnaker (new)
Traction Kite (new)
HMRC: Numerical modelling http://www.ucc.ie/en/hmrc/facilities/modelling/
"MultiSurf“ VPP
http://www.aerohydro.com/
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/HMRC_Summary.doc
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/Celtic_Mist_Tech_Questons.doc
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/sail_vectors.xls
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 41
Turbofoil® Towing Tank Testing Development
Flow Flow
Existing SRT SRT adapted for Turbofoil®
Adapt SRT series design for cross flow
Transpose turbine axis of rotation
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 42
Turbofoil® Towing Tank Testing Development
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 43
Turbofoil® Towing Tank Testing Development
Gate Closed Test:
• Lift
• Drag
• Angle of Attack
• External Cavitation
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 44
Turbofoil® Towing Tank Testing Development
Gate Open Test:
• Turbine Power Output
• Turbine Efficiency, ηT
• Internal Cavitation
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 45
Turbofoil® Towing Tank Testing Development
Hydrofoil CFD Analysis
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 46
Turbofoil® Vessel R&D Development
Turbofoil® Prototype Vessel
• ~10m length
• <10 tonnes displacement catamaran
• Generating ~70 kW (100hp) in 25 knots winds
• ~0.5 gallon of gasoline equivalent “gge” per hour energy storage.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 47
Turbofoil® Vessel R&D Development
Turbofoil® Pilot Production Vessel
• ~40m length
• 100-200 tonnes displacement catamaran
• Turbofoil® of rectangular aspect ratio between hulls
• Generating 2-5MW in 25 knots winds
• 1 -to- 3 tonnes per day energy storage.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 48
Turbofoil® Vessel R&D Development
Unmanned Marine Vessel Development:
GREX (FP6-IST-2006-035223)• ATLAS ELEKTRONIK GmbH
• Innova S.p.A
• SeaByte Ltd.
• Technische Universität Ilmenau
MOOS (Mission Oriented Operating System)• Oxford
• MIT
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 49
Turbofoil® Vessel R&D Development
Unmanned Marine Vessel Development:
GREX (FP6-IST-2006-035223)
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 50
Turbofoil® Vessel R&D Development
Complete software integration of:
SCADA ( http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/scada.htm )
GIS ( http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/gis.htm )
VPP ( http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/vpp.htm )
UMV ( http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/umv.htm ) http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/Exe_Sum_index.htm
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 51
Quote:
“The Ocean is the Ultimate Solution.”The Ocean is the Ultimate Solution.”
Thank You!
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 52
Wind Power Estimation for a High Altitude Sail (~300m)
The following models conservatively estimate a Hellman Exponent of α=0.12 to indicate a wind speed at a height of 300m to be 1.32 times greater than at 30m.
In latitudes furthest from the equator, colder temperatures form greater air stability, and thus α=0.12 will conservatively estimate practically all wind gradients.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 53
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 54
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6
No. Turbofoil equipped vessels: 2 5 10 20 40 80
Revenue $4.9M $12.3M $24.7M $49.4M $98.8M $198M
Cost of Goods Sold $4.7M $10.8M $21.1M $41.5M $82.4M $164M
R&D $750K $1.5M $1.8M $2M $2.3M $2.5M
M&S $100K $200K $350K $600K $600K $600K
G&A $75K $100K $200K $250K $300K $300K
PBT -$681K -$279K $1.29M $5M $13M $30M
Operating Expenses $925K $1.8M $2.4M $2.9M $3.2M $3.4M
Capital (incl.prior 3 yrs R&D) -$15.7M -$16.1M -$14.7M -$9.7M $3.5M $33.4M
Ammonia Spot Market Business Model
$675/mt (NH3 spot market 2012 average price), $6.5M/Turbofoil® debt financed -10yr @ 10%, Barges and tugs rented.
http://www.intpowertechcorp.com/PL_Barge.xls
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 55
Estimates Based on: Sail Area: 1,800 m2; Sail Span: 100 m; Sail Attack Angle: 30 º; Sail Mass/Area: 200 g/m2; Wind Vector Measured Altitude: 10 m; Sail Altitude: 300 m; Hellman Wind Gradient Exponent, "α": 0.12 ; No Go - Minimum Angle, "α" into Apparent Wind: 50 °; Air Density, ρA, @ 25°C: 1.18 kg/m3; Vessel length: 38 m; Vessel Beam (widest hull width): 10 m; Vessel Displacement: 152.39 (metric tonnes); Hydrofoil Span = Turbine Intake (Gate): 10 m; Thickness of foil divided by chord "C-bar": 0.35 (unitless); Foil depth divided by chord "h-bar": 1 (unitless); Aspect ratio (Foil span/chord) "λ": 8 (unitless); mp: 0.7 (unitless); Water Vapor Pressure pd @ 25°C: 3.2 kN/m2; ρS, Seawater Density: 1024 kg/m3; μS, Dynamic Viscosity of Seawater: 0.00108 Pa·s; Turbine Efficiency: 50 %; Generator Electrical Efficiency: 92 %; NH3 Compressor/fuel pump efficiency: 94 %; Ammonia Synthesis efficiency: 7.5 kWh/kg(NH3); Offloading (dock) time estimate: 0.5 hours; Number of Turbofoils per Vessel: 3 ; Total Generator Power Output Limit: 5 MW; NH3 Spot Price: $700.00 USD/metric tonne; Capital Expenditure for Structure: $6,000.00 USD/DWT; Cap. Ex. for Turbofoil® Turbine only: $100.00 USD/kWm; Cap. Ex. for Electrical Generators: $271,500.00 USD/MWe; Cap. Ex. for NH3 Synthesizer: $300,000.00 USD/Mt(NH3)/day; Cap. Ex. for NH3 Storage tanks: $20.00 USD/US gallon (NH3); Cap. Ex. for SCADA/GIS/VPP/UMV Control & Communication: $500,000.00 (total); Annual insurance premium: 2.00% ; Annual interest: 10.00% ; Term: 10 (years); periods per year: 12 ; Crew Cost: $60.00 USD/hour; Hours/Week in operation: 120 ; Docking and Maintenance Costs: $20,000.00 USD/month; THESE ESTIMATES REPRESENT "FORWARD-LOOKING" DATA, YOUR RESULTS MAY VARY. Protected by U.S. and International patents and Patents Pending.
Appendix:
Ammonia Production, Cork, Ireland in 25 knot (avg.) winds, April 3, 2013Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 7.10 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 204.89 nautical miles.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 56
Appendix:
Ammonia Production, Cork, Ireland in 29 knot (avg.) winds, April 7, 2013
Estimates Based on: Sail Area: 1,800 m2; Sail Span: 100 m; Sail Attack Angle: 30 º; Sail Mass/Area: 200 g/m2; Wind Vector Measured Altitude: 10 m; Sail Altitude: 300 m; Hellman Wind Gradient Exponent, "α": 0.12 ; No Go - Minimum Angle, "α" into Apparent Wind: 50 °; Air Density, ρA, @ 25°C: 1.18 kg/m3; Vessel length: 38 m; Vessel Beam (widest hull width): 10 m; Vessel Displacement: 152.39 (metric tonnes); Hydrofoil Span = Turbine Intake (Gate): 10 m; Thickness of foil divided by chord "C-bar": 0.35 (unitless); Foil depth divided by chord "h-bar": 1 (unitless); Aspect ratio (Foil span/chord) "λ": 8 (unitless); mp: 0.7 (unitless); Water Vapor Pressure pd @ 25°C: 3.2 kN/m2; ρS, Seawater Density: 1024 kg/m3; μS, Dynamic Viscosity of Seawater: 0.00108 Pa·s; Turbine Efficiency: 50 %; Generator Electrical Efficiency: 92 %; NH3 Compressor/fuel pump efficiency: 94 %; Ammonia Synthesis efficiency: 7.5 kWh/kg(NH3); Offloading (dock) time estimate: 0.5 hours; Number of Turbofoils per Vessel: 3 ; Total Generator Power Output Limit: 5 MW; NH3 Spot Price: $700.00 USD/metric tonne; Capital Expenditure for Structure: $6,000.00 USD/DWT; Cap. Ex. for Turbofoil® Turbine only: $100.00 USD/kWm; Cap. Ex. for Electrical Generators: $271,500.00 USD/MWe; Cap. Ex. for NH3 Synthesizer: $300,000.00 USD/Mt(NH3)/day; Cap. Ex. for NH3 Storage tanks: $20.00 USD/US gallon (NH3); Cap. Ex. for SCADA/GIS/VPP/UMV Control & Communication: $500,000.00 (total); Annual insurance premium: 2.00% ; Annual interest: 10.00% ; Term: 10 (years); periods per year: 12 ; Crew Cost: $60.00 USD/hour; Hours/Week in operation: 120 ; Docking and Maintenance Costs: $20,000.00 USD/month; THESE ESTIMATES REPRESENT "FORWARD-LOOKING" DATA, YOUR RESULTS MAY VARY. Protected by U.S. and International patents and Patents Pending.
Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 5.39 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 177.09 nautical miles.
.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 57
Appendix:
Ammonia Production, Cork, Ireland in 28 knot (avg.) winds, April 9, 2013Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 5.61 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 177.59 nautical miles.
Estimates Based on: Sail Area: 1,800 m2; Sail Span: 100 m; Sail Attack Angle: 30 º; Sail Mass/Area: 200 g/m2; Wind Vector Measured Altitude: 10 m; Sail Altitude: 300 m; Hellman Wind Gradient Exponent, "α": 0.12 ; No Go - Minimum Angle, "α" into Apparent Wind: 50 °; Air Density, ρA, @ 25°C: 1.18 kg/m3; Vessel length: 38 m; Vessel Beam (widest hull width): 10 m; Vessel Displacement: 152.39 (metric tonnes); Hydrofoil Span = Turbine Intake (Gate): 10 m; Thickness of foil divided by chord "C-bar": 0.35 (unitless); Foil depth divided by chord "h-bar": 1 (unitless); Aspect ratio (Foil span/chord) "λ": 8 (unitless); mp: 0.7 (unitless); Water Vapor Pressure pd @ 25°C: 3.2 kN/m2; ρS, Seawater Density: 1024 kg/m3; μS, Dynamic Viscosity of Seawater: 0.00108 Pa·s; Turbine Efficiency: 50 %; Generator Electrical Efficiency: 92 %; NH3 Compressor/fuel pump efficiency: 94 %; Ammonia Synthesis efficiency: 7.5 kWh/kg(NH3); Offloading (dock) time estimate: 0.5 hours; Number of Turbofoils per Vessel: 3 ; Total Generator Power Output Limit: 5 MW; NH3 Spot Price: $700.00 USD/metric tonne; Capital Expenditure for Structure: $6,000.00 USD/DWT; Cap. Ex. for Turbofoil® Turbine only: $100.00 USD/kWm; Cap. Ex. for Electrical Generators: $271,500.00 USD/MWe; Cap. Ex. for NH3 Synthesizer: $300,000.00 USD/Mt(NH3)/day; Cap. Ex. for NH3 Storage tanks: $20.00 USD/US gallon (NH3); Cap. Ex. for SCADA/GIS/VPP/UMV Control & Communication: $500,000.00 (total); Annual insurance premium: 2.00% ; Annual interest: 10.00% ; Term: 10 (years); periods per year: 12 ; Crew Cost: $60.00 USD/hour; Hours/Week in operation: 120 ; Docking and Maintenance Costs: $20,000.00 USD/month; THESE ESTIMATES REPRESENT "FORWARD-LOOKING" DATA, YOUR RESULTS MAY VARY. Protected by U.S. and International patents and Patents Pending.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 58
Appendix:
Hydrogen Production, Cork, Ireland in 25 knot (avg.) winds, April 3, 2013Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 15.01 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 451.04 nautical miles.Estimates Based on: Sail Area: 1,800 m2; Sail Span: 100 m; Sail Attack Angle: 30 º; Sail Mass/Area:
200 g/m2; Wind Vector Measured Altitude: 10 m; Sail Altitude: 300 m; Hellman Wind Gradient Exponent, "α": 0.12 ; No Go - Minimum Angle, "α" into Apparent Wind: 50 °; Air Density, ρA, @ 25°C: 1.18 kg/m3; Vessel length: 38 m; Vessel Beam (widest hull width): 10 m; Vessel Displacement: 152.39 (metric tonnes); Hydrofoil Span = Turbine Intake (Gate): 10 m; Thickness of foil divided by chord "C-bar": 0.35 (unitless); Foil depth divided by chord "h-bar": 1 (unitless); Aspect ratio (Foil span/chord) "λ": 8 (unitless); mp: 0.7 (unitless); Water Vapor Pressure pd @ 25°C: 3.2 kN/m2; ρS, Seawater Density: 1024 kg/m3; μS, Dynamic Viscosity of Seawater: 0.00108 Pa·s; Turbine Efficiency: 50 %; Generator Electrical Efficiency: 92 %; H2 Electrolysis Efficiency: 72 %; H2 Storage Efficiency: 94 %; Offloading (dock) time estimate: 0.5 hours; Number of Turbofoils per Vessel: 3 ; Total Generator Power Output Limit: 5 MW; Wholesale H2 Price: $3.75 USD/kg; Capital Expenditure for Structure: $6,000.00 USD/DWT; Cap. Ex. for Turbofoil® Turbine only: $100.00 USD/kWm; Cap. Ex. for Electrical Generators: $271,500.00 USD/MWe; Cap. Ex. for H2 Electrolyzer/Compressor: $1,000.00 USD/kWe; Cap. Ex. for H2 Storage Tank or Container: $1,000.00 USD/kg(H2); Cap. Ex. for SCADA/GIS/VPP/UMV Control & Communication: $500,000.00 (total); Annual insurance premium: 2.00% ; Annual interest: 10.00% ; Term: 10 (years); periods per year: 12 ; Crew Cost: $60.00 USD/hour; Hours/Week in operation: 144 ; Docking and Maintenance Costs: $20,000.00 USD/month; THESE ESTIMATES REPRESENT "FORWARD-LOOKING" DATA, YOUR RESULTS MAY VARY. Protected by U.S. and International patents and Patents Pending.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 59
Appendix:
Hydrogen Production, Cork, Ireland in 29 knot (avg.) winds, April 7, 2013Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 10.09 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 351.43 nautical miles.
Estimates Based on: Sail Area: 1,800 m2; Sail Span: 100 m; Sail Attack Angle: 30 º; Sail Mass/Area: 200 g/m2; Wind Vector Measured Altitude: 10 m; Sail Altitude: 300 m; Hellman Wind Gradient Exponent, "α": 0.12 ; No Go - Minimum Angle, "α" into Apparent Wind: 50 °; Air Density, ρA, @ 25°C: 1.18 kg/m3; Vessel length: 38 m; Vessel Beam (widest hull width): 10 m; Vessel Displacement: 152.39 (metric tonnes); Hydrofoil Span = Turbine Intake (Gate): 10 m; Thickness of foil divided by chord "C-bar": 0.35 (unitless); Foil depth divided by chord "h-bar": 1 (unitless); Aspect ratio (Foil span/chord) "λ": 8 (unitless); mp: 0.7 (unitless); Water Vapor Pressure pd @ 25°C: 3.2 kN/m2; ρS, Seawater Density: 1024 kg/m3; μS, Dynamic Viscosity of Seawater: 0.00108 Pa·s; Turbine Efficiency: 50 %; Generator Electrical Efficiency: 92 %; H2 Electrolysis Efficiency: 72 %; H2 Storage Efficiency: 94 %; Offloading (dock) time estimate: 0.5 hours; Number of Turbofoils per Vessel: 3 ; Total Generator Power Output Limit: 5 MW; Wholesale H2 Price: $3.75 USD/kg; Capital Expenditure for Structure: $6,000.00 USD/DWT; Cap. Ex. for Turbofoil® Turbine only: $100.00 USD/kWm; Cap. Ex. for Electrical Generators: $271,500.00 USD/MWe; Cap. Ex. for H2 Electrolyzer/Compressor: $1,000.00 USD/kWe; Cap. Ex. for H2 Storage Tank or Container: $1,000.00 USD/kg(H2); Cap. Ex. for SCADA/GIS/VPP/UMV Control & Communication: $500,000.00 (total); Annual insurance premium: 2.00% ; Annual interest: 10.00% ; Term: 10 (years); periods per year: 12 ; Crew Cost: $60.00 USD/hour; Hours/Week in operation: 120 ; Docking and Maintenance Costs: $20,000.00 USD/month; THESE ESTIMATES REPRESENT "FORWARD-LOOKING" DATA, YOUR RESULTS MAY VARY. Protected by U.S. and International patents and Patents Pending.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 60
Appendix:
Hydrogen Production, Cork, Ireland in 28 knot (avg.) winds, April 9, 2013Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 12.09 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 404.81 nautical miles.Estimates Based on: Sail Area: 1,800 m2; Sail Span: 100 m; Sail Attack Angle: 30 º; Sail Mass/Area: 200
g/m2; Wind Vector Measured Altitude: 10 m; Sail Altitude: 300 m; Hellman Wind Gradient Exponent, "α": 0.12 ; No Go - Minimum Angle, "α" into Apparent Wind: 50 °; Air Density, ρA, @ 25°C: 1.18 kg/m3; Vessel length: 38 m; Vessel Beam (widest hull width): 10 m; Vessel Displacement: 152.39 (metric tonnes); Hydrofoil Span = Turbine Intake (Gate): 10 m; Thickness of foil divided by chord "C-bar": 0.35 (unitless); Foil depth divided by chord "h-bar": 1 (unitless); Aspect ratio (Foil span/chord) "λ": 8 (unitless); mp: 0.7 (unitless); Water Vapor Pressure pd @ 25°C: 3.2 kN/m2; ρS, Seawater Density: 1024 kg/m3; μS, Dynamic Viscosity of Seawater: 0.00108 Pa·s; Turbine Efficiency: 50 %; Generator Electrical Efficiency: 92 %; H2 Electrolysis Efficiency: 72 %; H2 Storage Efficiency: 94 %; Offloading (dock) time estimate: 0.5 hours; Number of Turbofoils per Vessel: 3 ; Total Generator Power Output Limit: 5 MW; Wholesale H2 Price: $3.75 USD/kg; Capital Expenditure for Structure: $6,000.00 USD/DWT; Cap. Ex. for Turbofoil® Turbine only: $100.00 USD/kWm; Cap. Ex. for Electrical Generators: $271,500.00 USD/MWe; Cap. Ex. for H2 Electrolyzer/Compressor: $1,000.00 USD/kWe; Cap. Ex. for H2 Storage Tank or Container: $1,000.00 USD/kg(H2); Cap. Ex. for SCADA/GIS/VPP/UMV Control & Communication: $500,000.00 (total); Annual insurance premium: 2.00% ; Annual interest: 10.00% ; Term: 10 (years); periods per year: 12 ; Crew Cost: $60.00 USD/hour; Hours/Week in operation: 120 ; Docking and Maintenance Costs: $20,000.00 USD/month; THESE ESTIMATES REPRESENT "FORWARD-LOOKING" DATA, YOUR RESULTS MAY VARY. Protected by U.S. and International patents and Patents Pending
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 61
Appendix:
EV Battery Charging, Kodiak, Alaska in 26 knot (avg.) winds, March 13, 2013Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 5.05 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 110.12 nautical miles.
Estimates Based on: Sail Area: 1,800 m2; Sail Span: 100 m; Sail Attack Angle: 30 º; Sail Mass/Area: 200 g/m2; Wind Vector Measured Altitude: 10 m; Sail Altitude: 300 m; Hellman Wind Gradient Exponent, "α": 0.12 ; No Go - Minimum Angle, "α" into Apparent Wind: 50 °; Air Density, ρA, @ 25°C: 1.18 kg/m3; Vessel length: 38 m; Vessel Beam (widest hull width): 10 m; Vessel Displacement: 152.39 (metric tonnes); Hydrofoil Span = Turbine Intake (Gate): 10 m; Thickness of foil divided by chord "C-bar": 0.35 (unitless); Foil depth divided by chord "h-bar": 1 (unitless); Aspect ratio (Foil span/chord) "λ": 8 (unitless); mp: 0.7 (unitless); Water Vapor Pressure pd @ 25°C: 3.2 kN/m2; ρS, Seawater Density: 1024 kg/m3; μS, Dynamic Viscosity of Seawater: 0.00108 Pa·s; Turbine Efficiency: 50 %; Generator Electrical Efficiency: 92 %; Battery Charging Efficiency: 85 %; Offloading (dock) time estimate: 1.5 hours; Number of Turbofoils per Vessel: 3 ; Total Generator Power Output Limit: 5 MW; Wholesale Electricity Price: $0.08 USD/kWh; Capital Expenditure for Structure: $6,000.00 USD/DWT; Cap. Ex. for Turbofoil® Turbine only: $100.00 USD/kWm; Cap. Ex. for Electrical Generators: $271,500.00 USD/MWe; Cap. Ex. for SCADA/GIS/VPP/UMV Control & Communication: $500,000.00 (total); Annual insurance premium: 2.00% ; Annual interest: 10.00% ; Term: 10 (years); periods per year: 12 ; Crew Cost: $60.00 USD/hour; Hours/Week in operation: 120 ; Docking and Maintenance Costs: $20,000.00 USD/month; THESE ESTIMATES REPRESENT "FORWARD-LOOKING" DATA, YOUR RESULTS MAY VARY. Protected by U.S. and International patents and Patents Pending.
Deep Water Offshore Wind and the Hydrogen Economy: the Alternative to Costly Grid Enhancement
27 May 2013Presenter: Andrew R. Gizara, Founder, Integrated Power Technology Corporation
© 2013 Integrated Power Technology Corporation 62
Appendix:
EV Battery Charging, Kodiak, Alaska in 24 knot (avg.) winds, March 21, 2013Turbofoil® Itinerary Summary
Total Travel and Offloading Time: 10.13 hours.
Total Distance Traveled: 130.65 nautical miles.
Estimates Based on: Sail Area: 1,800 m2; Sail Span: 100 m; Sail Attack Angle: 30 º; Sail Mass/Area: 200 g/m2; Wind Vector Measured Altitude: 10 m; Sail Altitude: 300 m; Hellman Wind Gradient Exponent, "α": 0.12 ; No Go - Minimum Angle, "α" into Apparent Wind: 50 °; Air Density, ρA, @ 25°C: 1.18 kg/m3; Vessel length: 38 m; Vessel Beam (widest hull width): 10 m; Vessel Displacement: 18.99 (metric tonnes); Hydrofoil Span = Turbine Intake (Gate): 10 m; Thickness of foil divided by chord "C-bar": 0.35 (unitless); Foil depth divided by chord "h-bar": 1 (unitless); Aspect ratio (Foil span/chord) "λ": 8 (unitless); mp: 0.7 (unitless); Water Vapor Pressure pd @ 25°C: 3.2 kN/m2; ρS, Seawater Density: 1024 kg/m3; μS, Dynamic Viscosity of Seawater: 0.00108 Pa·s; Turbine Efficiency: 50 %; Generator Electrical Efficiency: 92 %; Battery Charging Efficiency: 85 %; Offloading (dock) time estimate: 1.5 hours; Number of Turbofoils per Vessel: 3 ; Total Generator Power Output Limit: 5 MW; Wholesale Electricity Price: $0.14 USD/kWh; Capital Expenditure for Structure: $6,000.00 USD/DWT; Cap. Ex. for Turbofoil® Turbine only: $100.00 USD/kWm; Cap. Ex. for Electrical Generators: $271,500.00 USD/MWe; Cap. Ex. for SCADA/GIS/VPP/UMV Control & Communication: $500,000.00 (total); Annual insurance premium: 2.00% ; Annual interest: 10.00% ; Term: 10 (years); periods per year: 12 ; Crew Cost: $60.00 USD/hour; Hours/Week in operation: 120 ; Docking and Maintenance Costs: $20,000.00 USD/month; THESE ESTIMATES REPRESENT "FORWARD-LOOKING" DATA, YOUR RESULTS MAY VARY. Protected by U.S. and International patents and Patents Pending.