Deep hole-states of Ni from (p,d) transfer reactions ...Oct 09, 2014 · Deep hole-states in 55Ni, N=27, Z=28 Outline 1. Introduction 2. (p,d) experiments to study the hole states

Betty Tsang, NSCL

Joint DNP of APS & JPS

October 7-11, 2014 Kona, HI, USA

Deep hole-states of 55Ni from (p,d) transfer reactionsInteractions in sd+pf orbits

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

1s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2d 3/2

N=20 gap

pf

sd

Deep hole-states in 55Ni, N=27, Z=28

Outline1. Introduction

2. (p,d) experiments to study the hole states in 45Ar and 55Ni.

3. Limitations of current SM calculations in

describing the systematics of the energy and

SF’s in N=27 isotones and results from new

SDPF interactions.

4. Summary

Thesis data: Alisher Sanetullaev

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

1s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2d 3/2

N=20 gap

d3/2+

s1/2+

56Ni (p,d) 55Ni

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

1s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2d 3/2

N=20 gap(p,d)

(p,d)

sd

fp

sd

fp

From SD to PF shell nuclei

SD (Ab Initio)

PF (Configuration interaction)

40Ca

56Ni

DFT

SDPF

Overlap between Ab Initio, Microscopic and DFT

S800

Focal Plane

Target Chamber

56Ni + p→d + 55Ni

7

1.5mm Si

65μm SiCsI(Tl)

56Ni + p→d + 55Ni

Complete Kinematics

1.5mm Si

65μm Si

CsI(Tl)

Worse angular (energy)

resolution with large beam spot

2 mm strips+-0.16 deg

10 mm 0.8 deg

Require beam position and

angle corrections

56Ni beam

Beam position and angle determination with MCP

9

Before

correction

After

correction

Beam position and angle corrections with MCP

56Ni + p→d + 55Ni

States that have substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer

reactions are g.s. (7/2-), 1st excited states (p3/2-) state (very

small c.s.), s1/2+, and d3/2

+ (often come as doublets).

gs

p3/2

s1/2

H(56Ni,d)55Ni

p3/2 d3/2 &

s1/2

H(46Ar,d)45Ar

f7/2f7/2

Comparisons of excited hole states in 45Ar & 55Ni





gs

p3/2

s1/2

H(56Ni,d)55Ni

f7/2


Angular Distributions: spin & parity assignments

56Ni + p→d + 55Ni

States with substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

1s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2d 3/2

N=20 gap

SM non-predictions reflect

the importance of SDPF

s1/2+, d3/2+

(often come as doublets)

Residual interactions:

sd-shell region -- USDA/USDB

pf shell interactions

40Ca core, in fp space• GXPF1A, GXPF1B• KB3G• ...

56Ni core• IPM• Auerbach interaction (’60)• XT

New state of the art SD-PF Interactions

SDPFM : Honma et al., PRC60, 054315 (1999)

SDPFMH : Horoi et al., new calc

SDPFMU : Utsuno, PRC 86, 051301(R) (2012)

SDPFMU’: Utsuno et al. new calc

SCGF: Barbieri, Hjorth-Jensen, PRC 79 064313

??

??

Comparisons between Data and shell models

Summary

1. The s1/2 and d3/2 deep hole states in N=27 isotones allow

us to explore the couplings of the SD and PF shells and

provide data to test the development of SM interactions to

in this important region.

2. Data require state of the art SDPF(MU’) interactions.

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

Acknowledgements

HiRA core collaboration

Alisher Sanetullaev, Bill Lynch, Betty Tsang, Zibi Chajecki,

Daniel Coupland, Tilak Ghosh, V. Henzl, D. Henzlova, Rachel

Hodges, Micha Kilburn, Jenny Lee, Fei Lu, Andy Rogers,,

Zhiyu Sun, Jack Winkelbauer, Mike Youngs (Mark Wallace,

Frank Delaunay, Marc VanGoethem)

WU in St. Louis Bob Charity, Jon Elson, Lee Sobotka

Indiana University Romualdo deSouza, Sylvie Hudan,

INFN, Milan Arialdo Moroni; WMU Mike Famiano

collaborators: Dan Shapira ; W.A. Peters7, ZY Sun, K.P. Chan,

Theorists: C. Barbieri8, M. Hjorth-Jensen1,9, M. Horoi10, T.

Otsuka11, T. Suzuki12, Y. Utsuno13

http://www.nscl.msu.edu/http://www.nscl.msu.edu/

Hole states in N=27 isotones for 45Ar, 47Ca , 49Ti, 51Cr, 53Fe, 55Ni

Z = 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28

via pickup reactions A+1(p,d)A

H(46Ar,d)45Ar [MSU]48Ca(p,d)47Ca [1-3]

50Ti(p,d)49Ti [4]52Cr(p,d)51Cr [5]

54Fe(p,d)53Fe [6-9]

H(56Ni,d)55Ni [MSU]References

[1] 17.5 MeV T.W. Conlon, B. F. Bayman and E. Kashy, PR144(1965)941

[2] 18 MeV R.J. Peterson, PR170(1967)1003

[3] 40 MeV :P. Martin, M. Muenerd, Y. Dupont and M. Chabre, NPA185(1972)465)

[4] 45 MeV: P.J. Plauger and E. Kashy, NPA152(1970)609;

[5] 17.5 MeV C.A. Whitten, Jr. and L.C. McIntyre, PR160(1967)997

[6] 144 MeV Dickey NPA441(1985)189

[7] 40 MeV Suehira NPA313(1979)141

[8] 52 MeV Ohnuma JPSJ 32(1972)1466

[9] 22.3 MeV Goodman PR127,574(1962)

[10] 29 MeV Nelson, NPA215(1973)541

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

Regular Shell Models cannot describe energy systematics

of deep-hole states

2p 3/2

1d 3/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2s 1/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

1d 3/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2s 1/2

N=20 gap

States with substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer 7/2- (g.s.) & (p3/2-):Well described by standard shell models

2p 3/2

1s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2d 3/2

N=20 gap

SF values of s1/2 correspond to 50% occupation.

SDPFMU reproduces the experimental trend

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

d3/2s1/2

Physics with

Theorectical Help

NSCL/MSU Alex Brown, M. Hjorth-Jensen

Central Michigan University Mihai Horoi

Unversity of Surrey C. Barbierri, J. Tostevin, R. Johnson

JAEA Y. Utsuno

University of Tokyo T. Otsuka

Nihon University T. Suzuki


Thank you for your attention


2p 3/2

1d 3/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2s 1/2

N=20 gap

States with substantial cross-sections from (p,d) transfer

Well described by

standard Shell models

2p 3/2

1d 3/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2s 1/2

N=20 gap

g.s. (7/2-), 1st excited states (p3/2-)





gsp3/2

p3/2

s1/2

d3/2 &

s1/2

H(46Ar,d)45Ar H(56Ni,d)55Ni

f7/2f7/2


Data:

s1/2 and d3/2 hole states

occur around 2-4 MeV

Regular Shell Model

No predictions

Theory (SCGF)


occur around ~15 MeV

hole states

p3/2

s1/2

f7/2

56Ni + p→d + 55Ni

Magic number

N=2

Independent Particle Model (IPM)

mean field created by

nucleons from core

i

ii rUm

pH

2

2

N=20

N=8

n, l j

Survey of Neutron Spectroscopic Factors and Asymmetry Dependence of Neutron Correlations

Large Basis Shell Model (LB-SM)

Residual interactions

H p i2

2mU ri

i

VNN r i r j i j

U ri i

correlated motions

of valence nucleons

Mean field

1s, N=0

1d, 2s N=2

1f, 2p N=3

1p N=1

core

Shell Model with residual interactions (SM)

2p 3/2

1d 3/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2s 1/2

N=20 gap

Angelo Signoracci and B. Alex Brown, PRL 99, 099201

(2007)

Predictions before measurements

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

Comparison of

Excitation Energies

Angular Distributions: spin & parity assignments

46Ar + p→d + 45Ar

Residual Interactions for pf orbits



H p i2

2mU ri

i

VNN r i r j i j

U ri i

correlated motions

of valence nucleons

Mean field

1s, N=0

1d, 2s N=2

1f, 2p N=3

1p N=1

core

Shell Model with residual interactions Residual interactions:

sd-shell region -- USDA/USDB

pf shell interactions

40Ca core, in fp space• GXPF1A, GXPF1B• KB3G• ...

56Ni core• IPM• Auerbach interaction (’60)• XT

SDPFM : Honma et al., PRC60, 054315 (1999)

SDPFMH : Horoi et al.,

SDPFMU : Utsuno, PRC 86, 051301(R) (2012)

SDPFMU’: Utsuno et al.,

??

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

Regular Shell Models cannot describe energy systematics

Data:

• s1/2 and d3/2 hole states


• Regular shell models cannot

describe these states.

Theory (SCGF)

• s1/2 and d3/2 hole states occur

around ~15 MeV.

hole states

p3/2

s1/2

f7/2

Residual Interactions

56Ni core bbbb•IPM•Auerbach interaction (’60)•XT : T=1 effective interaction (derived for heavy Ni isotopes)

• 40Ca core, in fp model space• GXPF1A – complete basis

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

1s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2d 3/2

N=20 gap

d3/2s1/2

Comparison of

spectroscopic factors

p3/2

s1/2f7/2d3/2 (?)

56Ni + p→d + 55Ni


IPMSMLB SFSF


H p i2

2mU ri

i

VNN r i r j i j

U ri i

How good the interaction in LB-SM can

describe the nucleus ?

LB-SM description is accurate

Some correlations missing in the interactions ?

How much ? What is the asymmetry

dependence of nucleon correlations?

correlated motions

of valence nucleons

Correlations between nucleons

Mixing of particle-hole configuration near

the fermi surface

Weakening of single-particle strengths

Mean field

1s, N=0

1d, 2s N=2

1f, 2p N=3

1p N=1

core

Survey of Neutron Spectroscopic Factors and Asymmetry Dependence of Neutron Correlations

Theory (SCGF)


occur around ~15 MeV

hole states

p3/2

s1/2

f7/2

Regular Shell predicts too high energy systematics for

deep hole-states

Data:



2p 3/2

1d 3/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2s 1/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

2s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

1d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

1s 1/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2d 3/2

N=20 gap

2p 3/2

1d 3/2

1f 7/2

N=28 gap

2s 1/2

N=20 gap

States populated by (p,d) transfer reactions

g.s.

7/2-1st excited states

p3/2- d3/2+s1/2+,

(often come as doublets)

46Ar,48Ca,50Ti,52Cr,54Fe,56Ni (p,d) 45Ar,47Ca,49Ti,51Cr,53Fe,55Ni

Hole states in N=27 isotones for 45Ar, 47Ca , 49Ti, 51Cr, 53Fe, 55Ni

Z = 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28

via pickup reactions A+1(p,d)A

H(46Ar,d)45Ar [MSU]48Ca(p,d)47Ca [1-3]

50Ti(p,d)49Ti [4]52Cr(p,d)51Cr [5]

54Fe(p,d)53Fe [6-9]

H(56Ni,d)55Ni [MSU]

References

[1] 17.5 MeV T.W. Conlon, B. F. Bayman and E. Kashy, PR144(1965)941

[2] 18 MeV R.J. Peterson, PR170(1967)1003

[3] 40 MeV :P. Martin, M. Muenerd, Y. Dupont and M. Chabre, NPA185(1972)465)

[4] 45 MeV: P.J. Plauger and E. Kashy, NPA152(1970)609;

[5] 17.5 MeV C.A. Whitten, Jr. and L.C. McIntyre, PR160(1967)997

[6] 144 MeV Dickey NPA441(1985)189

[7] 40 MeV Suehira NPA313(1979)141

[8] 52 MeV Ohnuma JPSJ 32(1972)1466

[9] 22.3 MeV Goodman PR127,574(1962)

[10] 29 MeV Nelson, NPA215(1973)541

EXP

EXP RM

d dSF

d d

Johnson- Soper Adiabatic

Distorted Wave Appro. (ADWA)

to take care of d-break-up effects

Use global p and n optical

potential with standardized

parameters (CH89)

n-potential : Woods-Saxon

shape ro=1.25 & ao=0.65 fm;

depth adjusted to reproduce

experimental binding energy.

Systematic method (with minimal assumptions) to obtain

consistent spectroscopic factors for (p,d) and (d,p) reactions

TWOFNR from Jeff Tostevin (University of Surrey)

Compute with TWOFNR code

J. Lee et al., PRC75, 064320 (2007)

Johnson & Soper, PRC1,976(1970)

A

B=A+n

Quality Control

-- SF+ = SF- Systematic method works

-- 20% uncertainty for each measurement

B(p,d)A : SF+ ; A(d,p)B : SF-

Ground-state to ground-state transition

SF+= SF- (Detailed balance)

18 nuclei have both SF+ and SF-

J. Lee et al, Phys. Rev. C75 (2007) 064320

M.B. Tsang, et al, PRL95, 222501 (2005).

Textbook example:

For the Ca isotopes, great agreement

with IPM and shell model

Do transfer reactions yield absolute spectroscopic factors?

J. Lee et al, Phys. Rev. C 73 , 044608 (2006)

With a systematic approach, relative SF can be

obtained reliably over a wide range of nuclei.

HF radii + JLM

r0=1.25 fm+CH89

(e,e’p): p SF values are suppressed

by ~30 compared to IPM

G.J.Kramer et al., Nucl. Phys. A 679, 267 (2001)

Quenching observed from (e,e’p) and knockout reactions

Correlation is beyond the residual

interactions employed in the shell model

Asymmetry dependence of neutron

correlations in knock out reactions

Gade, PRL 93, 042501 (2004)

Lee, PRC73, 044608 (2006)

Updates on the different trends from transfer and knockout

Slide credit: Jenny Lee

Do transfer reactions yield absolute spectroscopic factors?

J. Lee et al, Phys. Rev. C 73 , 044608 (2006)

With a systematic approach, relative SF can be

obtained reliably over a wide range of nuclei.

For excited states, HF radii are not available.

HF radii + JLM

r0=1.25 fm+ CH89

Ground state

Excited states

USDA/USDB

Excited states

GXPF1A

M.B. Tsang and J. Lee et al., PRL 95, 222501 (2005)

No short term NN correlations and

other correlations included in SM.

Why the agreement?

Predictions of cross-sections

Test of SM interactions

Extraction of structure information

SFEXP=SFSM

Neutron Spectroscopic Factors for Ni isotopes

SF values agree to factor of 2 cannot distinguish between two interactions

Interactions for gfp shell still need improvements

Need predictions of higher excited states

• GXFP1A with full fp model

space does not require 56Ni shell

closure CPU intensive

M. Horoi

states predicted < 3MeV

GXPF1A

Complete Basis

•XT interaction uses 56Ni shell

closure quick overall

predictions of Ni nuclei.

XT

Experimental SF can be used to study nuclear

structure and test SM interactions

5.627;3/2+

3.491;3/2+

4.15;5/2+

S.C. Su – 06’ CU-SURE

5/2+X

Experimental SF can be used to study nuclear

structure and test SM interactions

Excited states

GXPF1A

Importance

of SDPF

Predictions from SCGF

55Ni hole states 57Ni particle states

EFP

RC

79, 064313 (

2009)

Neutron Spectroscopic Factors for Ni isotopes

SF values agree to factor of 2

• cannot distinguish between two interactions

• Need better benchmark data

• GXFP1A with full fp model

space does not require 56Ni shell

closure CPU intensive

M. Horoi

states predicted < 3MeV

GXPF1A

Complete Basis

•XT interaction uses 56Ni shell

closure quick overall

predictions of Ni nuclei.

XT

Documents

Deep hole-states of Ni from (p,d) transfer reactions ...Oct 09, 2014 · Deep hole-states in 55Ni, N=27, Z=28 Outline 1. Introduction 2. (p,d) experiments to study the hole states