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May2020DearAPHumanGeographystudent,WelcometoAPHumanGeography!IamlookingforwardtoworkingwithyouintheupcomingschoolyearasweexplorethemajorthemesinHumanGeography.Yoursummerassignmentincludesthefollowingfourparts.1. Obtainingsomehistorybackground.Geographersask3primaryquestions:Whereisit

located,whyisitlocatedthere,andwhyisitimportant?Oftenthe“why”relatestohistory.So,inordertohelpwithourstudyofgeography,partofyoursummerassignmentwillbereviewingmajoreventsinhistorythatrelatetoourstudyofgeography.Therewillbearound2hoursofvideoclipstowatch.Youwillwanttotakenotesonthekeycharacteristicsoftheevent:whathappened,whydidithappened,andwhyitwassignificant(i.e.whatchangedbecauseoftheevent).Pleasenotethewhatandsignificanceoftenhavemorethanonereason.Thereisanotetakingguideattachedtothislettertoassistyou.

ThevideosshouldbeaccessedusingEdpuzzle(www.edpuzzle.com).Pleaseletmeknowifyouhaveanyissuesaccessingthese;Iamhappytohelpandwillbecheckingmyemailthroughoutthesummer.IfyouhavenotenrolledinEdpuzzlebefore,youwillneedtocreateanaccountandthenenrollintheclass.TheenrollmentcodeforourGeoclassisvodpibr. Watch the videos in this order:

• World History overview • History of the World Age of Industry (both parts) • Africa: States of Independence

2. Textbookreadingandtakingnotes,Chapters1&2:ReadtheattachedPDFselectionfromyourtextbookandtakehandwrittennotes.

Pleasebeawarethisisatypicalforthetypeofreadingwewillgenerallydo.Wewillmoreoftenbereadingaboutdifferentgeographicalphenomenonsuchaspopulationissues,industriallocation,culture,etc.However,wedoneedtoallhaveasharedunderstandingofthescienceofgeography,aswellasanideaofthereadinglevelofthetextbook,sothisisagoodintroductoryreadingtodooverthesummer.

Thereadingsassignedforsummeristypicalofwhatwewillreadoveratwoweekperiod.

NotetakingTips:

• Lookforthemainideasandsupportingdetails/examples—writethesedowninyournotes

• DoNOTdirectlycopyfromthetextbookwordforword.Readatleastoneparagraphorsectionatatime,andthendeterminethekeyideas/examplesandwritethesedowninyourownwords.

• Pleasecompleteyournotesbyhand.Donottakenotesonyourcomputerastheywillnotbeaccepted.Researchshowsbetterretention/learningwhennotesaretakenviahand.

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3. MapWork:Geographerslookattheworldspatially—theylookanddiscussthedistributionofphenomena(i.e.birthrates)acrosstheworldandlookforpatterns.Inordertoanalyzeanddiscussthesepatterns,itisimportantyouknowthebasicsofwherecountriesandUSstatesarelocatedintheworld.Thus,bytheendoftheyear,youwillknowwherethemajorityofcountriesarelocatedintheworld,andwhereall50statesarelocated.Tostartusoff,youwillneedtomemorizethe50U.S.statesoverthesummeraswellastheAPHumanGeographyworldregions.

• Gotohttps://lizardpoint.com/geography/usa-quiz.phptouseanonlinequizprogramtotestyourself.

• MemorizetheAPHumanGeographyWorldRegionsmaps—both“abigpictureview”and“acloserlook.”Seepage3.

• Memorizethefollowingoceans,significantlinesoflatitude&longitude,andcontinents:

OCEANS:Arctic,Atlantic,Indian,Pacific,SouthernSIGNIFICANTLINESOFLATITUDE&LONGITUDE:PrimeMeridian,Equator,InternationalDateLine,TropicofCancer,TropicofCapricorn,ArcticCircle,AntarcticCircleCONTINENTS:Africa,Antarctica,Asia,Australia,Europe,NorthAmerica,SouthAmerica

WewillhaveanopennotestestontheseconddayofschoolonthismaterialANDaclosednotesmap/regionstest.

Shouldyouhaveanyquestions,pleasedon’thesitatetoemailme.Iwillbecheckingemailperiodicallythroughoutthesummer.Onceagain,welcometoAPHumanGeography!Mrs.Vroman

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1. Clip from History of the World in Two Hours

Question to guide notetaking

Definitions, details, examples and significance (consequences/effects)

1st Agricultural Revolution: Where does farming start (actual places & physical characteristics)? Why here? Why does it matter that some areas have more animal domestication than others?

Rise of Cities Where do the 1st cities develop? Why do cities develop?

Development of Civilizations What are the characteristics of the first civilizations? Why is trade significant? What inventions have the biggest impact on the future of humanity?

Part I: History Videos available on Edpuzzle

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Why does civilization development differ between the Americas & Africa vs Europe & Asia? Why are trade networks like the Silk Road significant (multiple reasons)? Age of Exploration Why is the Age of Exploration considered a turning point in history? How does the Age of Exploration impact the distribution of foods around the world (use specific examples)? How and why does the Age of Exploration change the Americas? How does the establishment of sugar plantations change Africa?

The Industrial Revolution

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Describe life for most people before the Industrial Revolution: What technology is key to the start of the industrial revolution? What are the most significant inventions of the industrial revolution? How does industrialization affect world population? Summary:

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2. Andrew Marr’s Age of Industry--WATCH BOTH PARTS

Question: Details, Significance, definitions, examplesWhatmadetheinventionsofrailroadssosignificant?WhatweresomeofthemostsignificantchangestolifeinGreatBritainmentionedbyAndrewMarr?WhatarethemotivatingfactorsthatledGreatBritaininsearchofmorecolonies?(8:11invideo)HowdoesAndrewMarrdescribeChinainthe19thcentury?WhatisthemainChineseproductdesiredbytheBritish?Whyisthisanissue(whatistheproblemwithtryingtotradewithChina)?Whydoeswarbreakout?WhydotheBritishwin?WhatarethestipulationsintheUnequalTreaties?

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DescribelifeformostRussianpeople:HowdoestheRussiangovt.trytoreformafteritslossintheCrimeanWar?Towhatextentwerethesereformsasuccess?WhathappenswhenCommodorePerryarrivesinJapan(USdemands;Japanesereaction)?Reactionofthesamurai:HowdoesJapantrytomodernizeinresponsetotheunequaltreatiestheyhadtosignwiththeUS?WhydoEuropeanswanttocolonizeAfrica?WhatisStanley’sviewoftheCongo?WhydoesLeopoldwanttheCongo?WhataretheconsequencesofKingLeopold’scolonizationoftheCongo?

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3. African Colonization: The Scramble for Africa

Question: Details, Significance, definitions, examples

Why did Europeans desire colonies in Africa (multiple reasons, be specific): What was the Berlin Conference, and why was it important? Why do Europeans feel they had a moral duty to colonize? Where are the main colonies of the European powers? How did colonization increase the

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wealth of Europeans? How were French colonies different from other European nations? Briefly describe the characteristics of British colonial rule: How was the Belgium Congo unique, and why is it significant? How was infrastructure in Africa different from other

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colonies like India? What were the causes of independence (multiple reasons, be specific)? Summary:

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Directions: Read chapters 1-2 from Amsco Advanced Placement Human Geography and take handwritten notes. Be sure to use phrases not sentences and incorporate all bolded terms into your notes.

Question to guide notetaking

Definitions, details, examples, and significance (consequences/effects)

Intro: What distinguishes geography from other disciplines? What questions do geographers ask?

Geography as a Field of Study What are the 2 primary subfields of geography: What subfields are studied by human geographers? What tools are used by geographers to study spatial information?

Skip the Early History & the Modern History of Geography Concepts Underlying the Geographic Perspective: How do geographers describe location? What is place, AND how is it used to describe a location?

Part II: Textbook Reading & Notes

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The Importance of Distance What is distance, and what terms are used to describe distance? How are distance and time interrelated? How has and does distance and connection interrelate and change over time?

Density & Distribution What is density? What is distribution? What are the various ways geographers describe distribution?

Human Environment Interaction: What is human environment interaction? What is cultural ecologyy?

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What is environmental determinism? What is possibilim? Landscape Analysis What is landscape analysis: How is landscape analysis done?

The Built Environment What is the built environment? How is 4 Level Analysis Conducted?

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Summary:

STOP. Before you continue, make sure the key terms listed on the bottom of page 12 are incorporated into your notes (defined, examples) and connect to the header in the reading.

Chapter 2: Patterns & Processes

Question to guide notetaking

Definitions, details, and significance (consequences/effects)

Intro: What do geographers mean when they say patterns and processes?

Maps What are the three types of scale used by geographers AND how do they differ? What are reference maps? (be sure to describe the various types of reference maps)

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What are thematic maps? (be sure to describe the 5 types of reference maps) What are projections: What are the strengths and weaknesses of each of the four types of map projections?

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Skip the section Models in Geography Regionalization and Regions What is regionalization What are the different types of regions? What are the large regions and the sub- regions used in AP Human Geography AND why are they divvied up this way? What are some ways geographers create even smaller regions?

Geospatial Data How is geospatial data obtained?

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What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data? Summary:

STOP. Before you continue, make sure the key terms listed on the bottom of page 12 are incorporated into your notes (defined, examples) and connect to the header in the reading.