DCLG Final Research Report - BRE Group · DCLG Final Research Report Effectiveness of sprinklers in residential premises – an evaluation of concealed and recessed pattern sprinkler

DCLG Final Research Report Effectiveness of sprinklers in residential premises – an evaluation of concealed and recessed pattern sprinkler products Section 3: Stylised fires (Appendices 3A and 3B) K Annable, P Clark, C Williams and P Rock 218113

The authors of this report are employed by BRE. The work reported herein was carried out under a Contract placed by the DCLG. Any views expressed are not necessarily those of the DCLG.

March 2006

Section 3: Stylised fires (Appendices 3A and 3B)

218113 © Building Research Establishment Ltd 2006

Contents

Appendix 3A – Water distribution measurements Appendix 3B – Observations and graphs

1 Section 3: Stylised fires (Appendices 3A and 3B)


Appendix 3A – Water distribution measurements

Figure 3A.1 shows a schematic plan view of the test facility and the set up for the water distribution tests. An array of 24 collection containers was positioned to cover a quadrant area, numbered 1 to 24. Two quadrant areas were utilised, either quadrant 1 or quadrant 2. An additional four containers were positioned close to the wall of the test facility, numbered 25 to 28, either related to quadrant 1 or quadrant 2. Notes for Figure 3A.2 to Figure 3A.25.

1. The double ended arrow on the three dimensional bar chart denotes the sprinkler frame arm orientation. The position of the sprinkler is at the midpoint of the arrow.

2. The two dimensional bar chart shows the water coverage measured in containers 25, 26, 27 and 28.

3. The scales for each bar chart have been kept constant for a set of comparable water distributions, i.e. with the same sprinkler, water flow rate, recess distance and frame arm orientation.

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

2 S

ection 3: Stylised fires (Appendices 3A and 3B

)

123456

789101112

131415161718

192021222324

25262728

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24

2825 26 27

Quadrant 2 arrangement

Nominal 12 mm gap between containers and test facility wall

Nominal 12 mm gap between containers and test facility wall

Sprinkler (nominally 2350 mm abovecontainers and 2000 mm from wall)

4000 mm

8000 mm

Containers

Quadrant 1 arrangement

Figure 3A.1 – Plan view of test facility showing container arrangements for water distribution measurements

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

3 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)

Horizontal distance from sprinkler (mm)

25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location

Quadrant 1 (see Figure 3A.1 ) 12 mm from wall (see Figure 3A.1)

Location Coverage

(mm/min) Location Coverage (mm/min) Location Coverage


(mm/min) 1 2.88 7 2.28 13 2.16 19 2.64 25 3.93

2 5.47 8 1.77 14 1.28 20 1.40 26 3.78

3 4.67 9 1.61 15 0.93 21 1.12 27 6.08

4 3.14 10 1.84 16 1.13 22 1.08 28 5.57

5 2.37 11 1.92 17 1.78 23 1.11

6 1.94 12 1.76 18 2.31 24 1.48

Figure 3A.2 – Water distribution for sprinkler AP(k71) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

4 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

0

1

2

3

4

5

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location

Quadrant 1 (see Figure 3A.1) 12 mm from wall (see Figure 3A.1)

Location Coverage


(mm/min) Location Coverage (mm/min) Location Coverage (mm/min)

1 1.62 7 1.44 13 1.22 19 1.66 25 4.53

2 3.52 8 1.25 14 0.84 20 0.83 26 3.21

3 2.14 9 1.14 15 0.64 21 0.78 27 4.07

4 1.55 10 1.30 16 0.72 22 0.72 28 4.57

5 1.26 11 1.57 17 1.16 23 0.82

6 1.28 12 1.70 18 2.04 24 1.11

Figure 3A.3 – Water distribution for sprinkler AP (k71) at a water flow rate of 50.2 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

5 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

0123456789101112

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



1 1.33 7 1.87 13 3.57 19 2.59 25 7.82

2 1.26 8 2.12 14 3.34 20 2.48 26 6.25

3 7.21 9 4.28 15 2.94 21 2.12 27 5.40

4 5.00 10 1.53 16 1.74 22 1.76 28 3.86

5 1.98 11 0.75 17 1.17 23 1.49

6 1.61 12 0.55 18 0.78 24 1.38

Figure 3A.4 – Water distribution for sprinkler BR (k62) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

6 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

0123456789101112

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



1 1.50 7 3.23 13 4.29 19 2.38 25 4.49

2 1.75 8 2.51 14 3.21 20 2.14 26 3.41

3 11.07 9 8.62 15 3.62 21 1.99 27 3.98

4 7.44 10 3.78 16 3.64 22 2.31 28 3.22

5 2.60 11 1.30 17 2.05 23 1.99

6 2.10 12 1.32 18 1.22 24 1.78

Figure 3A.5 – Water distribution for sprinkler BR (k62) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

7 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

0123456789101112131415

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (

mm)


25 26 27 280123456789

101112131415

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



1 0.95 7 1.43 13 1.49 19 1.28 25 5.81

2 1.47 8 1.65 14 1.37 20 1.30 26 4.32

3 4.87 9 1.56 15 1.20 21 1.38 27 4.46

4 1.86 10 0.68 16 0.92 22 1.22 28 3.19

5 1.33 11 0.53 17 0.79 23 1.18

6 1.19 12 0.45 18 0.71 24 1.25

Figure 3A.6 – Water distribution for sprinkler BR (k62) at a water flow rate of 49.2 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

8 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

0123456789101112131415

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280123456789

101112131415

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



1 0.95 7 2.18 13 2.02 19 1.54 25 3.13

2 2.83 8 3.40 14 1.79 20 1.17 26 2.67

3 14.72 9 5.58 15 1.91 21 1.01 27 3.20

4 4.05 10 1.46 16 1.33 22 1.01 28 2.40

5 1.82 11 0.79 17 0.77 23 0.80

6 1.83 12 0.93 18 0.88 24 1.00

Figure 3A.7 – Water distribution for sprinkler BR (k62) at a water flow rate of 49.2 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

9 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 2.37 7 2.54 13 3.62 19 3.43 25 5.26

2 3.76 8 2.06 14 2.28 20 2.91 26 6.13

3 3.36 9 2.04 15 1.59 21 2.06 27 5.88

4 2.56 10 2.26 16 1.40 22 1.57 28 5.99

5 2.02 11 2.80 17 1.52 23 1.62

6 1.75 12 2.87 18 2.35 24 1.44

Figure 3A.8 – Water distribution for sprinkler CC (k70) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

10 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 2.62 7 4.77 13 5.08 19 4.23 25 3.93

2 6.07 8 4.11 14 3.99 20 4.00 26 4.69

3 4.87 9 2.78 15 2.81 21 3.00 27 5.07

4 3.72 10 2.32 16 1.69 22 2.33 28 5.79

5 3.10 11 3.14 17 1.43 23 1.79

6 2.80 12 3.71 18 2.42 24 1.26

Figure 3A.9 – Water distribution for sprinkler CC (k70) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

11 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01234

5

6

7

8

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 0.44 7 0.49 13 0.63 19 1.19 25 6.16

2 0.41 8 0.50 14 0.64 20 1.25 26 6.72

3 0.61 9 0.77 15 0.89 21 1.20 27 7.28

4 0.72 10 1.00 16 1.16 22 1.52 28 6.04

5 0.66 11 1.01 17 1.07 23 1.55

6 0.66 12 1.10 18 1.12 24 1.39

Figure 3A.10 – Water distribution for sprinkler DC (k60.5) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

12 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01234

5

6

7

8

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (

mm)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 0.71 7 0.75 13 1.08 19 1.21 25 6.52

2 0.82 8 0.88 14 0.85 20 1.31 26 5.57

3 1.23 9 1.67 15 0.99 21 1.46 27 6.69

4 0.88 10 1.22 16 1.13 22 1.69 28 6.02

5 0.82 11 1.09 17 1.17 23 1.72

6 1.03 12 1.72 18 2.41 24 2.25

Figure 3A.11 – Water distribution for sprinkler DC (k60.5) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

13 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 2.59 7 3.69 13 3.78 19 3.74 25 5.88

2 2.53 8 3.24 14 3.20 20 3.60 26 5.39

3 2.38 9 3.19 15 3.00 21 2.99 27 4.57

4 1.85 10 3.28 16 3.01 22 2.39 28 3.60

5 1.63 11 3.65 17 3.34 23 2.04

6 1.60 12 3.00 18 3.28 24 1.83

Figure 3A.12 – Water distribution for sprinkler EC (k71) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

14 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 1.94 7 3.26 13 2.91 19 2.34 25 3.93

2 2.33 8 2.40 14 2.48 20 2.23 26 4.54

3 2.70 9 1.96 15 1.66 21 2.09 27 3.81

4 2.22 10 1.77 16 1.18 22 1.57 28 2.78

5 2.23 11 2.11 17 1.27 23 1.21

6 2.12 12 2.41 18 1.54 24 0.98


218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

15 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



1 2.50 7 3.46 13 3.69 19 3.37 25 5.14

2 2.28 8 3.71 14 3.51 20 3.08 26 5.28

3 2.08 9 3.04 15 3.44 21 3.16 27 4.27

4 1.34 10 1.85 16 2.70 22 2.46 28 3.39

5 1.39 11 1.51 17 2.37 23 2.30

6 1.85 12 2.00 18 2.10 24 2.38


218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

16 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 2.65 7 4.36 13 4.33 19 3.85 25 6.66

2 2.67 8 4.10 14 4.90 20 4.69 26 7.06

3 2.87 9 4.06 15 4.63 21 4.43 27 5.87

4 2.23 10 3.06 16 3.96 22 3.65 28 4.42

5 2.01 11 2.63 17 3.29 23 2.90

6 2.53 12 2.37 18 2.80 24 2.37


218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

17 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

0

1

2

3

4

5

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 1.55 7 2.72 13 3.27 19 3.44 25 5.01

2 1.54 8 2.83 14 3.68 20 3.53 26 4.80

3 1.54 9 2.66 15 3.44 21 3.36 27 3.89

4 1.48 10 2.57 16 3.17 22 2.85 28 2.45

5 1.68 11 2.35 17 3.04 23 2.50

6 2.36 12 1.63 18 2.64 24 1.89

Figure 3A.16 – Water distribution for sprinkler EC (k71) at a water flow rate of 50.2 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

18 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

0

1

2

3

4

5

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 1.89 7 3.11 13 3.32 19 3.01 25 3.58

2 2.93 8 2.84 14 2.55 20 2.87 26 3.77

3 3.23 9 2.78 15 2.51 21 2.68 27 2.82

4 3.56 10 3.23 16 2.36 22 2.56 28 1.86

5 3.76 11 3.35 17 2.12 23 1.71

6 3.86 12 2.27 18 1.99 24 1.02

Figure 3A.17 – Water distribution for sprinkler EC (k71) at a water flow rate of 50.2 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

19 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (

mm)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 1.58 7 2.13 13 2.02 19 1.88 25 4.34

2 1.92 8 2.15 14 1.85 20 1.72 26 4.17

3 3.36 9 2.70 15 1.84 21 1.73 27 3.00

4 2.27 10 2.11 16 1.52 22 1.62 28 3.14

5 2.25 11 1.89 17 1.54 23 1.42

6 2.32 12 1.90 18 1.57 24 1.41


218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

20 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (

mm)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 1.57 7 2.54 13 4.34 19 4.98 25 5.86

2 2.04 8 3.34 14 2.15 20 2.41 26 4.34

3 3.53 9 4.73 15 2.38 21 1.69 27 3.78

4 4.39 10 2.61 16 1.72 22 1.65 28 4.31

5 2.38 11 1.72 17 1.07 23 1.25

6 2.39 12 1.89 18 1.55 24 1.53


218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

21 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (

mm)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 1.94 7 1.88 13 1.85 19 1.89 25 4.58

2 2.62 8 2.42 14 2.17 20 2.24 26 3.87

3 2.72 9 2.26 15 2.38 21 2.80 27 2.59

4 2.50 10 2.07 16 1.98 22 2.63 28 4.86

5 2.47 11 1.75 17 1.82 23 2.30

6 2.57 12 1.48 18 1.86 24 2.31


218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

22 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 2.58 7 3.20 13 3.78 19 3.84 25 6.52

2 2.99 8 2.81 14 2.69 20 3.06 26 4.84

3 3.25 9 2.72 15 2.15 21 2.32 27 2.43

4 3.32 10 3.02 16 1.94 22 1.98 28 3.22

5 3.34 11 3.68 17 2.11 23 2.03

6 3.20 12 3.65 18 2.70 24 2.00


218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

23 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 2.21 7 3.96 13 2.42 19 1.67 25 3.84

2 2.61 8 4.13 14 2.47 20 2.38 26 4.55

3 4.39 9 2.96 15 2.27 21 1.81 27 2.83

4 2.03 10 2.09 16 2.53 22 1.82 28 2.41

5 1.51 11 1.58 17 1.75 23 2.20

6 1.34 12 1.55 18 1.23 24 1.55

Figure 3A.22 – Water distribution for sprinkler FC (k59) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

24 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 3.20 7 5.62 13 4.50 19 2.47 25 4.00

2 2.56 8 5.07 14 4.82 20 3.37 26 6.92

3 2.48 9 6.74 15 5.14 21 4.26 27 5.41

4 2.03 10 3.26 16 4.49 22 2.70 28 3.63

5 1.71 11 2.01 17 2.94 23 2.75

6 2.23 12 1.91 18 1.98 24 2.41

Figure 3A.23 – Water distribution for sprinkler FC (k59) at a water flow rate of 64 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

25 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (

mm)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 2.94 7 3.71 13 2.07 19 1.60 25 3.66

2 2.98 8 3.64 14 2.37 20 2.45 26 4.47

3 2.65 9 2.78 15 2.23 21 1.80 27 2.54

4 1.69 10 2.03 16 2.55 22 2.00 28 2.73

5 1.30 11 1.71 17 1.75 23 2.44

6 1.21 12 1.53 18 1.48 24 1.56

Figure 3A.24 – Water distribution for sprinkler FC (k59) at a water flow rate of 60.6 litres/min

218113 ©

Building R

esearch Establishm

ent Ltd 2006

26 S


)

0

400

800

1200

1600

0300

600900

12001500

1800

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Horizo

ntal d

istan

ce fro

m sprin

kler (m

m)


25 26 27 280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Cov

erag

e (m

m/m

in)

Location


Location Coverage



(mm/min) 1 2.47 7 4.79 13 4.44 19 2.66 25 4.58

2 2.17 8 4.73 14 4.70 20 3.84 26 6.60

3 2.75 9 6.03 15 4.41 21 3.79 27 4.55

4 1.96 10 3.16 16 3.84 22 2.60 28 3.55

5 1.58 11 1.97 17 2.84 23 2.49

6 2.42 12 1.90 18 1.77 24 2.37

Figure 3A.25 – Water distribution for sprinkler FC (k59) at a water flow rate of 60.6 litres/min



Appendix 3B – Observations and graphs

Test details Test name – number Stylised fires - Test 1 Filename for temperatures JAN0505 Filename for water flow rate CRSTest 1 Test date 5/1/05 Test personnel KA, RH, CW, PR, DS

Test parameters Fire scenario Corner test Sprinkler model Sprinkler AP (k71) 680C glass bulb Sprinkler type Pendent Sprinkler orientation Parallel to the long length of the test

room Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 100.4 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 55.3% inside test room Temperature 12.90C inside test room Moisture content of 2 crib sticks 3mm below surface

10.0%, 9.9%

Weight of wood crib Not weighed

Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started Yes, 10m3/s free burn Stopwatches started -3:00 Pump on -2:00 Temperature logging started -2:00 Video camera started -2:00 Flow meter logging started -1:00



Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 1:02 Buoyant smoke layer, clear air below 1:40 Smoke logging and flames 2:20 Fire diminished 2:44 Flame observed 3:36 Small flame 7:42 Visibility lost 8:00 Second sprinkler operated Did not operate Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate End of test and sprinkler(s) off 11:02 (10 mins post sprinkler operation) Fire extinguished manually No, fire appeared to be already out

after sprinkler system was turned off Post fire observations

Amount of fire damage See photos

No damage to plywood wall panels Wood crib sticks still mainly unburnt

Foam almost completely burnt out

Wetting pattern Not clear



Test details Test name - number Stylised fires - Test 2 Filename for temperatures JAN0705 Filename for water flow rate CRSTest2 Test date 7/01/05 Test personnel CW, RH, KA, PR, DS

Test parameters Fire scenario Wall test Sprinkler model Sprinkler AP (k71) 680C glass bulb Sprinkler type Pendent Sprinkler orientation Parallel with long length of test room Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 100.4 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 69.1% in test room, 71% in Burn Hall Temperature 13.90C in test room, 12.90C in Burn Hall Moisture content of 2 crib sticks 3mm below surface

9.9%, 9.1%

Weight of wood crib 7544g (32 sticks) Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started Yes, 15m3/s free burn Stopwatches started -03:00 Pump on -02:00 Temperature logging started -02:00 Video camera started -02:00 Flow meter logging started -01:00

Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 1:45 Second sprinkler operated (sprinkler 2)

1:53

Foam fire extinguished by sprinklers Crib initially burning as unsprinklered

1:52

Crib still continued to burn vigorously 2:14 Crib burning but flames just below level of plywood stands

3:42



Room relatively clear of smoke, grey wood smoke observed

5:10

Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate End of test and sprinkler(s) off 11:45 (10 minutes after first sprinkler

operation) Fire manually extinguished Yes, manual extinction at 11:45

Post fire observations Amount of fire damage See photos

Foam (left hand side) burnt to plywood backing board vertically above brick. Bottom right hand corner nearest plywood wall unburnt. Graduated burn across foam sample.

Foam (right hand side) very similar to left hand side, slightly less foam burnt.

Wood crib sticks mainly unburnt, some charring on top layer Plywood panels unscorched

Wetting pattern Not clear, water sprays discharged outside the door at both ends

Test 3 was deemed to be a void test.



Test details Test name - number Stylised fires - Test 4 Filename for temperatures Jan1805 Filename for water flow rate CRSTest4 Test date 18/1/05 Test personnel CW, KA, PC, PR, RH

Test parameters Fire scenario Corner test Sprinkler model Sprinkler BR (k62) glass bulb 680C Sprinkler type Recessed Depth of recess Maximum Sprinkler orientation Parallel long length of the test room Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 98.4 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 57% in test room 64.2% in Burn Hall Temperature 11oC in test room, 8.9oC in Burn hall Moisture content 3mm below surface 10.1%, 9.8% Weight of wood crib 7349.0g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started and mode and flow Yes, 15 m3/s free burn Pump on and air bled Yes Stopwatches started -03:00 Temperature logging started -03:00 Video camera started -02:00 Flow meter logging started -01:00

Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 1:04 Appears same as unsprinklered 1:16/1:27 Foam and crib still burning 2:00 Crib burning well 3:30 Smoke logging, crib flames just above plywood stands, charring on walls

4:00

Lots of grey/white smoke from crib 8:00 Second sprinkler operated Did not operate Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate End of test and sprinkler(s) off 11:04 (10 mins after first sprinkler



operated) Fire manually extinguished Yes, wood burning at end of test. Fire

‘picked up’ after sprinkler switched off. Post fire observations


Foam virtually entirely burnt away on both boards

Plywood was scorched but did not ignite Scorching on plywood above/next to foam on short wall

Scorching on plywood above crib, shorter on short wall than on long wall. Crib sticks look more burnt/charred than in previous tests.

Wetting pattern See photo Water line appeared very close to ceiling on plywood.



Test details Test name – number Stylised fires – Test 5 Filename for temperatures Jan2005 Filename for water flow rate CRSTest5 Test date 20/1/05 Test personnel CW, KA, PR, JS

Test parameters Fire scenario Wall test Sprinkler model Sprinkler BR (k62) glass bulb 680C Sprinkler type Recessed Recess depth details Same as Test 4 (maximum) Sprinkler orientation Parallel to the long length of test room Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 98.4 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 74% in test room, 81.4% in Burn Hall Temperature 13.10C in test room, 11.40C in Burn Hall Moisture content 3mm below surface 10.0%, 10.0% Weight of wood crib 7634.0g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Pump on and air bled Yes Extract started and mode and flow Yes, 15 m3/s, free burn Stopwatches started -03:00 Temperature logging started -02:00 Video camera started -02:00 Flow meter logging started -01:00

Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 1:48 Second sprinkler operated (sprinkler 2)

1:55

Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate Crib still burning vigorously. Small flames near brick on left side

2:20-3:30

Flames to just above height of stands 3:43 Smoke to ground level near doorway 4:40 Small flame on foam edge 4:50-9:30 Visibility lost 9:30



End of test and sprinkler(s) off 11:48 (10 mins after first sprinkler operated)

Fire manually extinguished Yes, bottom left hand corner of foam alight


No damage to plywood walls

Charring through to top layer of wood crib

Foam on left hand side entirely burnt away above brick. A small amount of foam unburnt in bottom corner and a gradual burn to plywood.

Foam on right hand side entirely burnt away above brick. A small amount of foam unburnt in bottom corner and a gradual burn to plywood. Slightly less fire damage than left hand side.



Test details Test name – number Stylised fires - Test 6 Filename for temperatures CRSTest6 Filename for water flow rate Jan2105 Test date 21/1/05 Personnel RH, JS, KA, PR, CW

Test Parameters Fire scenario Corner test Sprinkler model Sprinkler CC (k70) domed cup, glass

bulb Sprinkler type Concealed Deflector plate depth 8 to 9 mm depth below ceiling Concealed depth Sprinklers were installed as close to

possible to their manufacturer’s maximum allowable recess distance, i.e. with sprinkler cup assembly approximately 12.7 mm above ceiling level

Sprinkler orientation Parallel to the long length of test room Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 99 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 47.8% in test room, 48.1% in Burn Hall Temperature 140C in test room, 11.10C in Burn Hall Moisture content of 2 crib sticks 3mm below surface

9.9%, 9.8%

Weight of wood crib 7476g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started and mode and flow Yes 15 m3/s, free burn Stopwatches started -3:00 Pump on -2:00 Temperature logging started -2:00 Video camera started -1:00 Flow meter logging started -2:00

Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler cap operated 0:58 First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 1:12



Flames from crib and foam 1:20 Charring of plywood 1:39 Smoke layer above plywood stands, flames to bottom of layer on foam and crib

2:00

Crib still burning 2:35 Fire still burning although diminished 2:45 Crib burning vigorously and part of foam in corner near wall

3:08

Smoke logging, fire dying down 3:40 Smoke logged, fire appears to be extinguished

4:20

Second sprinkler operated Did not operate Second sprinkler cap operated Did not appear to operate although

heard “click” at 2:58 Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate End of test and sprinkler(s) off 11:12 (10 minutes after first sprinkler) Fire extinguished manually No, fire already out, extinguished by

sprinklers Post fire observations

Very small amount of charring on plywood on short wall above foam location. No charring on plywood due to wood crib

Small amount of charring on sticks on top layer of crib (less than in some previous tests). Small amount of charring on plywood on long wall



Foam almost entirely burnt out

Test details Test name – number Stylised fires - Test 7 Filename for temperatures Jan2405 Filename for water flow rate CRSTest7 Test date 24/1/05 Personnel PC, KA, JS, PR, CW

Test parameters Fire scenario Corner test Sprinkler model and details Sprinkler DC (k60.5) flat plate, solder,

vented, 570C/680C Sprinkler type Concealed Deflector plate depth below ceiling Not known Concealed depth Maximum recess distance, i.e. with

sprinkler cup assembly approx.12.7 mm above ceiling level

Sprinkler orientation Parallel to the long length of test room Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 106 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 66.2% in test room, 66.1% in Burn Hall Temperature 10.50C in test room, 6.10C in Burn Hall Moisture content of 2 crib sticks 3mm below surface

8.5%, 8.5%

Weight of wood crib 7340.5g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Pump on and air bled Yes Extract started and mode and flow Yes, 15 m3/s free burn Stopwatches started -3:00 Temperature logging started -2:00 Video camera started -2:00 Flow meter logging started -1:00

Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler concealer plate fell 0:59 First sprinkler operated 1:17 Second sprinkler concealer plate fell 1:23



Second sprinkler operated Did not operate Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate Dummy sprinkler concealer plate fell 1:29 Smoke logged and crib flames visible, just above plywood stands

1:37

Visibility lost 2:30 Crib and foam on left side burning 3:47 No flames 6:00 Fire appears out, no smoke 7:30 End of test and sprinkler(s) off 11:17 (10 mins after first sprinkler) Fire extinguished manually No, fire already out

Post fire observations

Crib sticks mainly unburnt. No charring on plywood due to crib

Foam on left side largely burnt but small amount remaining at edge

Foam on the right side almost entirely burnt



Small amount of charring above the foam on the plywood on both sides

Test details Test name – number Stylised fires - Test 8 Filename for temperatures Jan2605 Filename for water flow rate CRSTest8 Test date 26/1/05 Personnel KA, PC, PR, CW

Test parameters Fire scenario Corner test Sprinkler model Sprinkler EC (k71) 570C/680C Sprinkler type Concealed, glass bulb, vented Deflector plate depth ~ 10 mm depth below ceiling Concealed depth ~ maximum recess distance Sprinkler orientation Parallel to the long length of test room Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 100.4 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 49.6% in test room, 52.5% in Burn Hall Temperature 8.10C in test room, 5.90C in Burn Hall Moisture content of 2 crib sticks 3mm below surface

9.2%, 9.2%

Weight of wood crib 7300g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started and mode and flow No, main extract to furnace building Leakage test, pump on and air bled Yes Stopwatches started -3:00 Temperature logging started -2:00 Video camera started -2:00 Flow meter logging started -1:00



Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 Smoke layer approx 1m above stands 0:36 First sprinkler cap operated 0:48 First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 0:58 Second sprinkler cap operated 1:03 Second sprinkler operated Did not operate Dummy sprinkler cap operated 1:13 Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate Well defined smoke layer 1:27, 1:59 Foam and crib still burning 2:13 Wall appears charred next to left foam 2:33 Crib still burning vigorously, uncontrolled, unaffected by sprinkler

2:57

Fire diminished, flames just above plywood stands

4:09

Crib still burning, grey wood smoke, flames now not high, slightly hazy

9:30 until end of test

End of test and sprinkler(s) off 10:58 (10 mins after first sprinkler) Fire extinguished manually Yes, crib was burning and there was a

flame on the left corner of one foam Post fire observations

Charring on top layer

Charred plywood above foam sheet No charring above right foam sheet



Test details Test name - number Stylised fires - Test 9 Filename for temperatures Jan2705 Filename for water flow rate CRSTest 9 Test date 27/1/05 Personnel PC, KA, CW, RH, JS

Test parameters Fire scenario Corner test Sprinkler model Sprinkler FC (k59) 570C/600C Sprinkler type Concealed, solder, not vented Solder base plate depth ~ 7 mm above ceiling Concealed depth ~ maximum recess distance Sprinkler orientation Parallel to the long length of test room Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 121.2 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 56.4% in test room, 54.1% in Burn Hall Temperature 15.10C in test room,12.60C in Burn Hall Moisture content of 2 crib sticks 3mm below surface

9.9%, 9.2% relative humidity

Weight of wood crib 7194.3 g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started and mode and flow Yes, 15 m3/s free burn Pump on and air bled Yes Stopwatches started -3:00 Temperature logging started -2:00 Video camera started -2:00 Flow meter logging started -1:00



Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 Smoke layer depth approx. 1m above plywood stands

0:40

First sprinkler cap operated 0:57 First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 1:17 Second sprinkler cap operated 1:35 Second sprinkler operated Did not operate Dummy sprinkler cap operated 1:29 Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate Fire in corner burning vigorously/layer 3:02 Crib low flames, grey smoke hazy 4:30 Smoky at low level, grey smoke 6:29 End of test and sprinkler(s) off 11:19 (10 minutes after first sprinkler

operation) Fire extinguished manually Yes, crib burning inside


Crib sticks charred to top layer

Charring on plywood above both foam locations

Foam almost entirely burnt out on both sides

Wetting pattern See photos



Test details Test name - number Stylised fires - Test 10 Filename for temperatures Feb0105 Filename for water flow rate CRSTest10 Test date 1/2/05 Personnel PR, CW, PC, KA, JS

Test parameters Fire scenario Corner test Sprinkler model Sprinkler FC (k59), 570C/600C Sprinkler type Concealed, solder, not vented Solder plate depth ~ 7 mm above ceiling Concealed depth ~ maximum recess distance Sprinkler orientation Frame arms of sprinklers 1and 2

directed towards corner/fire location. Dummy sprinkler arms across doorway.

Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 121.2 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 44% in test room, 44.5% in Burn Hall Temperature 19.40C in test room, 17.90C in Burn Hall Moisture content 3mm below surface 9.8%, 9.8% Weight of wood crib 7245.6 g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started and mode and flow Yes 15m3/s free burn Pump on and air bled Yes



Stopwatches started -3:00 Temperature logging started -2:00 Video camera started -2:00 Flow meter logging started -1:00

Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler cap operated 0:54 First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 1:18 Second sprinkler cap operated 1:22 Second sprinkler operated Did not operate Dummy sprinkler cap operated 1:30 Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate Fire burning well, clear layer underneath smoke layer

2:09

Crib burning well 2:20 Foam fire nearly out 2:35 Crib burning well 3:09 Crib burning with short flame just above plywood stands

3:45-4:33

White wood smoke produced from floor to ceiling

7:03 until end of test

End of test and sprinkler(s) off 11:20 (10 mins after first sprinkler operated)

Fire extinguished manually Yes, crib still burning Post fire observations


Wood crib particularly charred on edge perpendicular to long wall

Plywood on wall above foam on left side and right side scorched, more than most previous ‘scorching’



Foam almost entirely burnt out on both boards

Wetting pattern See photos Sprinkler spray looked reasonably even around 360 degrees. No obvious area of low coverage due to frame arms. However, height of wall wetting was lower in the corner location. Large drops falling to floor beneath sprinkler head probably due to water dripping from ceiling.



Test details Test name - number Stylised fires - Test 11 Filename for temperatures CRSTest11 Filename for water flow rate Feb0205 Test date 2/2/05 Personnel PR, CW, PC, KA, JS

Test parameters Fire scenario Wall test Sprinkler model Sprinkler FC (k59) 570C/600C Sprinkler type Concealed, solder, not vented Deflector plate depth ~ 7 mm above ceiling Concealed depth ~ maximum recess distance Sprinkler orientation Parallel to long length of test room Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 121.2 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 38.4% inside test room, 59.1% inside

Burn Hall Temperature 19.10C inside test room, 120C inside

Burn Hall Moisture content of 2 crib sticks 3mm below surface

9.1%, 9.1%

Weight of wood crib 7379.5g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started and mode and flow No, extract on furnace building Pump on and air bled Yes Stopwatches started -3:00 Temperature logging started -2:00 Video camera started -2:00 Flow meter logging started -1:00

Prior to test Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler cap fell (sprinkler 1)* * Two tags of concealer plate of sprinkler 1, had released prior to test

1:14

First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 2) 2:09 Second sprinkler cap fell 1:31



Second sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1)

2:12

Dummy sprinkler cap fell 1:49 Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate Crib burning vigorously 2:49-3:45 Crib fire diminishing, smoky floor to ceiling, flames just below stands

3:45

White wood smoke observed floor to ceiling

6:00

End of test and sprinkler(s) off 12:12 Fire extinguished manually Yes wood crib still burning


Scorching observed on plywood above foam sheets

Left hand foam burnt away except foam on bottom corner nearest plywood wall

Right hand foam burnt away except for small amount on bottom corner nearest plywood wall

Wetting pattern Wetting pattern observed on walls at high level



Test details Test name - number Stylised fires - Test 12 Filename for temperatures CRSTest12 Filename for water flow rate Feb0305 Test date 3/2/05 Personnel PR, KA, PC, CW, JS

Test parameters Fire scenario Corner test Sprinkler model Sprinkler EC Sprinkler type Concealed, glass bulb 570C/680C,

domed vented concealer plate Deflector plate depth ~10 mm below the ceiling Concealed depth Maximum recess distance minus 2 mm Sprinkler orientation Sprinklers in room aligned with frame

arms pointing towards the fire, dummy sprinkler orientated with frame arms across the doorway

Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 100.4 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 62% test room, 52% Burn Hall Temperature 150C inside test room, 17.30C inside

Burn Hall Moisture content 3mm below surface 9.9%, 9.8% Weight of wood crib 7292.7g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started and mode and flow Yes, 15 m3/s free burn Pump on and air bled Yes Stopwatches started -3:00 Temperature logging started -2:00 Video camera started -2:00 Flow meter logging started -1:00

Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler cap operated 0:48



First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 1:01 Second sprinkler cap operated 1:06 Second sprinkler operated (sprinkler 2)

2:10

Dummy sprinkler cap operated 1:11 Dummy sprinkler operated 2:29 Crib fire burning vigorously 2:40 Crib burning with long flames 3:10 Crib burning with long flames 4:26 Plywood alight and fire growing 5:25 approximately Flames spreading on ceiling 6:08 End of test and sprinkler(s) off 6:40

Test terminated to protect room. Fire extinguished manually Yes, plywood panels burning


Severe charring of plywood above crib to ceiling, some charring of plywood above foam sheets on both sides

Crib burnt on top layer

Foam burnt away on both sides Wetting pattern See photos below



Examination of water pattern at 64l/min after test revealed that little water was wetting plywood walls at the wood crib location.



Test details Test name - number Stylised fires - Test 13 Filename for temperatures CRSTest13 Filename for water flow rate Feb0405 Test date 4/2/05 Personnel KA, PC, CW, RH, JS

Test parameters Fire scenario Corner test Sprinkler model Sprinkler EC Sprinkler type Concealed, glass bulb 570C/680C,

domed vented concealer plate Deflector plate depth ~ 22mm below ceiling Concealed depth ~ minimum recess distance Sprinkler orientation Sprinkler 1 and 2 aligned to fire corner

of room, dummy parallel with short wall Water flow rate for one sprinkler 64 l/min Water flow rate for two sprinklers 100.4 l/min Sprinkler spacing 4 m Room size 8 m by 4 m Lintel No lintel

Prior to test Relative humidity 39.5% in test room Temperature 21.50C in test room, 16.60C in Burn Hall Moisture content 3mm below surface 9.4%, 10% Weight of wood crib 7416g Photographs of fuel arrangement Yes Extract started and mode and flow No, extract to furnace building Pump on and air bled Yes Stopwatches started -3:00 Temperature logging started -2:00 Video camera started -2:00 Flow meter logging started -1:00

Test observations Observation Time (min: sec) Ignition 0:00 First sprinkler cap operated 0:51 First sprinkler operated (sprinkler 1) 1:08 Second sprinkler cap operated 1:10 Second sprinkler operated Did not operate Dummy sprinkler cap operated 1:16 Dummy sprinkler operated Did not operate



Smoke buoyant, burning vigorously 2:30 Smoke logged, flames just below level of stands

4:35

No flames, grey white smoke 5:11 Fire appears out 9:11 End of test and sprinkler(s) off 11:08 (10 mins after first sprinkler

operated) Fire extinguished manually Yes, foam on right hand side burning


Some charring to top layer of crib No charring to plywood above crib.

Slight charring to plywood above foam.

Wetting pattern See photos



Test 1

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Time from ignition (minutes)

Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

A1 EmbeddedA2 EmbeddedA3 SurfaceA4 SurfaceA5 75mmA6 75mmA7 75mm

Figure 3B.26 – Test 1 Temperatures above crib

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Time from Ignition (minutes)

Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm

Figure 3B.27 – Test 1 Temperatures at sprinkler B1



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mmC2 1.6m

Figure 3B.29 – Test 1 Temperatures at centre of room



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

In Chamber

Door Centre Line

Bulb

Figure 3B.30 – Test 1 Temperatures close to dummy sprinkler

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930

Figure 3B.31 – Test 1 Temperatures at column 1



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707709701370


-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 160

20

40

60

80

100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

Flow meter did not display

Pre

ssur

e (b

ar) Flow

Flow

(L/m

in)


Pressure

Figure 3B.33 – Test 1 Sprinkler water flow rate and pressure



Test 2

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

E1 EmbeddedE2 EmbeddedE3 SurfaceE4 SurfaceE5 75mmE6 75mmE7 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm

E7 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

In Chamber D1Door Centre Line D2Bulb D3


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707709701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Flow

(L/m

in)


Figure 3B.41 – Test 2 Sprinkler water flow rate



Test 4

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm

C2 1.6m




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707709701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0Pr

essu

re (b

ar)

Flow

Flow

(L/m

in)


Flow meter did not display Pressure




Test 5

0

50

100

150

200

250

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm

C2 1.6m




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707709701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Flow

(L/m

in)





Test 6

0

50

100

150

200

250

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm

C2 1.6m




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707709701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Flow

(L/m

in)





Test 7

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

50

100

150

200

250

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm

C2 1.6m




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1801602553254255707709701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Flow

(L/m

in)





Test 8

0

50

100

150

200

250

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm

C2 1.6m




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707709701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Flow

(L/m

in)





Test 9

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

50

100

150

200

250

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm

C2 1.6m




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707709701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Flow

(L/m

in)





Test 10

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

50

100

150

200

250

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm 1.5mm C2 1.6m 1.5mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

In Chamber D1

Door Centre Line D2

Bulb D3


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707709701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Flow

(L/m

in)

Time from ignition (minutes) Figure 3B.97 – Test 10 Sprinkler water flow rate



Test 11

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

50

100

150

200

250

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm 1.5mm C2 1.6m 1.5mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707709701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Flow

(L/m

in)

Time from ignition (minutes) Figure 3B.105 – Test 11 Sprinkler water flow rate



Test 12

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm

C2 1.6m




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Time (minutes)

Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1601802553254255707701370


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Flow

(L/m

in)


Test terminated prematurely




Test 13

0

50

100

150

200

250

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B11 75mmB12 75mmB13 75mm




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

B21 75mmB22 75mmB23 75mm


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

C1 75mm

C2 1.6m




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14Time from ignition (minutes)

Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

1752002503504506007109101010133015601930




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

C)

160

180

255

325

425

570

770

970


-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 140

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0P

ress

ure

(bar

)

Flow

Flow

(L/m

in)


Flow meter did not display

Pressure


Documents

DCLG Final Research Report - BRE Group · DCLG Final Research Report Effectiveness of sprinklers in residential premises – an evaluation of concealed and recessed pattern sprinkler