DATTILO, J. (2008).LEISURE EDUCATION PROGRAM PLANNING (3RD EDITION. STATE COLLEGE, PA. VENTURE PUBLISHING

LEISURE EDUCATION:DATTILO (2008) MODEL

DATTILO’S MODEL (2008)

• Appreciate leisure• Be aware of self in leisure• Be self-determined in leisure• Interact socially during leisure• Use resources facilitating leisure• Make decisions about leisure• Acquire recreation activity skills

• Chapter, 6

APPRECIATE LEISURE

• Understand leisure• Consider leisure benefits• Realize flexibility of leisure• Leisure is flexible & doesn’t require a special time frame to

occur

• Identify contexts for leisure• Possible environments & activities likely to promote leisure

• p. 94-96

BE AWARE OF SELF IN LEISURE

• Identify preferences• Reflect on past participation• Identify factors that encourage participation or causes to

decline to participate, etc.• Consider current involvement• ID activities that provide enjoyment, ID constraints, etc.

• Project future leisure• Realistic perception of skills & abilities, etc.

• Understand skills• Examine values & attitudes• Determine satisfaction• Currently satisfied with leisure participation

• p. 96-99

BE SELF-DETERMINED IN LEISURE

• Take responsibility• Make choices• Terminate involvement• Become assertive

• p. 99-103

INTERACT SOCIALLY DURING LEISURE

• Communicate nonverbally• Gestures, facial expressions, voice volume, eye

contact, physical proximity, etc.• Communicate verbally• Greet, ask questions, wait turn to speak, contribute

to conversations, etc.• Understand social rules• Acquire social competence• See Dattilo for several lists

• Develop friendships• p. 103-107

USE RESOURCES FACILITATING LEISURE

• Identify people who could serve as resources• Locate facilities providing recreation activities• Understand directions to location, know if can walk or other

transportation, etc.

• Understand participant requirements• Cost, entry fees, eligibility requirements, accessibility,

equipment, apparel (e.g., helmet), etc.

• Obtain answers to questions relevant to resources• p. 107-110

MAKE DECISIONS ABOUT LEISURE

• Awareness of self in relation to leisure• Appreciation of the value of leisure• Development of a sense of self-determination related to

leisure involvement• First 3 previously discussed

• Ability to identify goals• Ability to solve problems

• p. 110-113

ACQUIRE RECREATION ACTIVITY SKILLS

• Choose meaningful & enjoyable activities• Participate with support to overcome fears

• p. 113-115

LEISURE CONSTRAINTSDATTILO, 2008

StructuralStructural

ConstraintsConstraints

(Environmental)(Environmental)

InterpersonalInterpersonal

ConstraintsConstraints

(Social)(Social)

IntrapersonalIntrapersonal

ConstraintsConstraints

(Psychological)(Psychological)

LeisureLeisure

ParticipationParticipation

LEISURE CONSTRAINTSDATTILO, 2008

• Since constraints are subjective feelings, leisure participation is more dependent on an individual’s ability to NEGOTIATE constraints than it is dependent on the ABSENCE of constraints

LEISURE EDUCATION POTENTIALSDATTILO, 2008

LeisureLeisure

EducationEducation

LeisureLeisure

ParticipationParticipation

ReactanceReactance

Learned HelplessnessLearned Helplessness

BoredomBoredom

Structural ConstraintsStructural Constraints

Interpersonal ConstraintsInterpersonal Constraints

Intrapersonal ConstraintsIntrapersonal Constraints

HOW CAN LE PROMOTE LEISURE?DATTILO, 2008

• Creating opportunities• Identify & overcome constraints, etc.

• Building options• Increase ability to choose to participate, etc.

• Empowering individuals through a dynamic process• Developing relevant skills

HOW CAN LE PROMOTE LEISURE?DATTILO, 2009

• Developing relevant skills• Balance• Social & solitary• Active & passive• Engagement & escape

• Core• Set of activities that are low-cost, accessible, & do not vary

across life span• Interact informally with household members, enhance living

environments, maintain fitness, etc.