DATA ITEM 2: ACCESS TO MEANS OF PRODUCTION · irrigation par aspersion 2 = irrigation par gravité 3 = autres . Mode d’acquisition de la parcelle . 1 = héritage 2 = don 3 = achat

QUESTIONNAIRE COMPONENTS

DATA ITEM 2: ACCESS TO PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES

This section focuses on the collection of sex-disaggregated data on access to productive resources such as (i) land and water, (ii) farm inputs, (iii) farm implements, assets and technologies, (iv) credit, (v) extension services and training programmes. These data can be collected and analysed at household/holding and/or sub-holding level, depending on whether the question is addressed to the holder or sub-holder. The tables below illustrate the type of sex-disaggregated data than can be obtained from the examples included in this section.

QUESTIONNAIRE COMPONENTS

Data item 2: Access to productive resources

No.

Sex-disaggregated data

Examples

E 2.1

E 2.2

E 2.3

E 2.4

E 2.5

E 2.6

E 2.7

E 2.8

E 2.9

E 2.1

3

D 2.1 Access to land and water: 1. Access to land by sex of holder or sub-holder 2. Area cultivated by sex of holder or sub-holder 3. Tenure status of land used by sex of holder or sub-holder 4. Distance from the fields to the homestead by sex of

holder or sub-holder

5. Access to irrigation, erosion control and water harvesting structures by sex of holder or sub-holder

No.

Sex-disaggregated data E

2.10

E 2.

11

E 2.

12

E 2.

13

E 2.

14

D 2.2 Access to agricultural inputs: 1. Access to selected agricultural inputs by sex of holder or sub-holder 2. Source of agricultural inputs by sex of holder or sub-holder 3. Reasons for not using agricultural inputs by sex of holder or sub-holder

No.


2.15

E 2.1

6

E 2.1

7

E 2.1

8

D 2.3 Access to agricultural implements, assets and technologies: 1. Access to selected tools, equipment and machineries by sex of holder or sub-holder 2. Access to draught animals by sex of holder or sub-holder 3. Reasons for not using agricultural implements or assets by sex of holder or sub-

holder

4. Access to selected agricultural technologies by sex of holder or sub-holder

Continuation: No.


1.2

E 2.1

8

E 2.1

9

E 2.2

0

E 1.2

1

D 2.4 Access to credit: 1. Access to credit by sex of borrower and position within the household 2. Purpose of credit by sex of borrower and position within the household 3. Source of credit received by sex of borrower and position within the household 4. Type and amount of credit received by sex of borrower and position within the

household

5. Type of collateral provided for credit by sex of borrower and position within the household

6. Repayment period of loan by sex of borrower and position within the household 7. Reasons for not receiving a loan or credit by sex of the head of household

No.


2.22

E 2.2

3

E 2.2

4

E 2.2

5

E 2.2

6

D 2.5 Access to extension services and training programmes: 1. Access to agricultural training and extension programme(s) by sex of holder or

sub-holder

2. Adoption of extension messages by sex of holder or sub-holder

ACCESS TO LAND AND WATER

Example 2.1 Field and plot characteristics I (Niger)

This example from Niger presents a listing of all plots/fields used by the holding and allows for an easy identification of the sex of holder and any sub-holders (column 4). It forms the basis of all cross-tabulation illustrating gender specific differences in agricultural production. The example further specifies whether the sub-holding is an individual or family plot (column 5), is cultivated or left fallow (column 6), the cropping system used (column 7), the land tenure status (column 8) and geographical characteristics of the holding and plots (column 9).

INVENTAIRE DES PARCELLES DU MËNAGE AGRICOLE Identification

champs, parcelles Nom et prénoms du responsable

de la parcelle Sexe du responsable

de la parcelle Type de gestion de

la parcelle 1 2 3 4 5

Inscrire le numéro d'ordre

du champ

Inscrire le numéro

d'ordre de la parcelle

Inscrire d'abord le nom, puis les prénoms du responsable

de la parcelle en commençant par le Chef de Ménage

1 = Masculin 2 = Féminin

1 = Individuel 2 = Collectif

|__|__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| |__|

Etc. Suite:

INVENTAIRE DES PARCELLES DU MËNAGE AGRICOLE Passé cultural de la parcelle

Système de culture

Mode d'acquisition

Type de relief

6 7 8 9

1 = Cultivé 2 = Jachère

1 = Culture pure 2 = Cult. associé

1 = Héritage 2 = Achat 3 = Fermage ou métayage 4 = Prêt 5 = Don 6 = Autre

1 = Plaine ou plateau 2 = Bas-fonds 3 = Versant colline montagne

|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|

Etc. Source: République du Niger – Recensement Général de l’Agriculture et du Cheptel 2004 - 2006 – Questionnaire 3: Section 2

NOTE – More insight into intra-household differences in access to land can be obtained if data are also collected in relation to the area managed by male and female sub-holders.

Example 2.2 Field and plot characteristics II (Benin)

This example provides sub-holding level information relating to the use of land for cultivation purposes. Cross-tabulation of the outcomes with the sex of the sub-holder (column 189) can reveal whether significant differences exist between male and female sub-holders in terms of the acreage of land cultivated (column 186) with specified crops (column 185) during different agricultural seasons (column 184). It also provides holding level information on the total area cultivated during the first agricultural season (variable 190), the second agricultural season (variable 191), the estimated area of land that has been left fallow for less than two years (variable 192) and the total area of land used or available for cultivation purposes (variable 193). Cross-tabulation of the outcomes with the sex of the holder can reveal whether differences exist between male and female holders in terms of the area of land brought under cultivation.

15. RECAPITULATIF DES CHAMPS ET PARCELLES DE L’EXPLOITATION

No champ

No

parcelle

Saison (code)

Culture

principale (code)

Superficie en

hectares

No Responsable de mise en valeur de la

parcelle

Nom du responsable

de la parcelle

Sexe du

responsable

182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 |__|__| |__| |__| |__|__| |_|_|_| |_|_| |__|__| ………… |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__|__| |_|_|_| |_|_| |__|__| ………… |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__|__| |_|_|_| |_|_| |__|__| ………… |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__|__| |_|_|_| |_|_| |__|__| ………… |__|

Etc. Total (1) |_|_|_|_|,|_|_|

190 Superficie total en première saison en ha |__|__|__|,|__|__| 191 Superficie total en deuxième saison en ha |__|__|__|,|__|__| 192 Estimation de la superficie de jachère de moins de deux ans en ha |__|__|__|,|__|__| 193 Total = (Total (1) + 192) en ha |__|__|__|,|__|__|

Source: République du Bénin – Premier Recensement National de l’Agriculture (xxxx) – Questionnaire 2: Section 15

Example 2.3 Field and plot characteristics III (Côte d’Ivoire)

This example provides a wealth of holding and sub-holding level information on fields and plots managed by agricultural households. It presents a listing of all plots/fields used by a holding (columns 3 and 4), the sex of the holder and any sub-holders (column 2) and the sizes of the sub-holdings’ (columns 6 and 16). It also provides insight on variables such as the ownerships status (column 7), geological characteristics of the land (column 9), the means by which the land was obtained (column 12), the main purpose of use (column 8), the use of irrigation techniques (column 10 and 11), the kind of labour used (column 14), the main crops produced (columns 17 to 19) and the use of agricultural inputs (column 20).

4.1 Champs (y compris les jachères de moins de 4 ans) No propr. ou gestion- naire de la parcelle

Sexe du propr. ou gestion- naire 1 = Mas. 2 = Fem.

No

Champ

No

parcelle

Lieu-dit

Superficie mesurée en ha

Statut de propriété 1 = propriété avec titre 2 = propriété sans titre 3 = location 4 = prêt 5 = autre

Principales utilisations 1 = cult. pérenne 2 = cult. annuelle 3 = pâturage 8 = jachère 16 = autres (somme des codes)

Relief 1 = plaine 2 = Plateau 3 = Bas-fond 4 = Montagne

Irrigation 1 = oui 2 = Non

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__| Suite: Principal mode d’approvis eau 1 = irrigation par aspersion 2 = irrigation par gravité 3 = autres

Mode d’acquisition de la parcelle 1 = héritage 2 = don 3 = achat 4 = troc 5 = échange 6 = autres 0 = non concerné

Mode de faire-valoir de la parcelle 1 = direct 2 = fermage 3 = métayage 4 = prêt

Personnes travaillant sur la parcelle 1 = C.E. 2 = epouse(s) 3 = Autres membres-ménage 4 = M.O. salariée (somme des codes)

Type de labour 0 = sans labour 1 = manuel 2 = tracté 3 = motorisé

Superficie (déclarée) en

ha

Cultures présentes (3 principales) codes Utilisation des intrants 1 = semences sélectionnées 2 = engrais 3 = produits phytosanitaires 0 = non concerné (somme des codes)

1ère culture (principale ou pure)

2ème culture (secondaire

en association)

3ème culture (tertiaire en association)

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 |__| |__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__|__|,|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__|__|,|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__|__|,|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__|__|,|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|

Source: République de Côte d’Ivoire - Recensement Général de l’Agriculture 2000/2001 – Questionnaire parcelles: Section 4

Example 2.4 Tenure status of land managed by the household (Tanzania)

This example allows for detailed data collection on the tenure status of land “owned” by the households. Cross-tabulation with the sex of the head of the household will illustrate whether differences exist between male and female headed households in terms of the tenure status and area “owned” by the household.

4.1 Details of area “owned” by the household in the 2002/03 agricultural year. Give area reported by the respondent in acres. Area in acres 4.1.1 Area leased/certificate of ownership |_|_|_| . |_|_| 4.2 Was all land available to the

household used during 2002/3? (Yes =1, No = 2)

4.1.2 Area owned under customary law |_|_|_| . |_|_| 4.1.3 Area bought from others |_|_|_| . |_|_| 4.1.4 Area rented from others |_|_|_| . |_|_| 4.3 Do you consider that you have sufficient

land for the household (Yes =1, No =2)

4.1.5 Area borrowed from others |_|_|_| . |_|_| 4.1.6 Area share-cropped from others |_|_|_| . |_|_| 4.1.7 Areas under other forms of tenure |_|_|_| . |_|_| 4.4 Do any female members of the

household own or have customary right to land (Yes = 1, No = 2)

Total Area |_|_|_| . |_|_|

Source: United Republic of Tanzania – Agricultural Sample Census 2002/2003: Small holder/ Small Scale Farmer Questionnaire: Section 4

NOTE – As the questions pertain to the overall holding level, data can only be presented by sex of the holder. This will bring about an under-reporting of areas managed by female farmers who are a member of a male headed holding, as their areas will be attributed to the male head of the holding. Question 4.4 may give some insight into female farmers’ access to land, but does not relate to the areas that they cultivate. Furthermore, it is not clear whether “customary right to land” includes allocation of land by a husband to his wife/ves.

Example 2.5 Accessibility of fields used by the household I (Tanzania)

Distances from the fields to the homestead may have an impact on the kind of crops produced and agricultural techniques applied. Fields located closer to the homestead are usually cultivated more intensively and receive more agricultural inputs compared to those located further away, often because of transportation and time constraints. Moreover, fields located close to the homes facilitate multiple tasking. This is particularly beneficial to women farmers who often have to juggle with their time in order to perform the many agricultural and domestic activities that fall under their responsibility.

6.0 Access and use of land resources

6.1 In the following table indicate the distance to the different fields used by the household

S/N

Field

number

Sex of the field manager 1 = Male

2 = Female

Distance (in kilometres) from field to: Homestead Nearest

road Nearest market

6.1.1 1 |__| |__| |__| |__| 6.1.2 2 |__| |__| |__| |__| 6.1.3 3 |__| |__| |__| |__|

Source: United Republic of Tanzania – Agricultural Sample Census 2002/2003 - Small holder/Small Scale Farmer Questionnaire: Section 6

NOTE – This example can provide sex-specific information on the accessibility of fields managed by male and female household members if the sex of the field manager is added to the question as a variable.

Distance codes 1= Less than 100 m 2 = Between 100 and 300 m 3 = Between 300 and 500 m 4 = Between 500 and 1 km 5 = Between 1 and 2 km 6 = Between 2 and 3 km 7 = Between 3 and 5 km 8 = Between 5 and 10 km 9 = Over 10 km

Example 2.6 Accessibility of fields used by the household II (The Gambia)

This example from the Gambia allows for the collection of detailed data on the location of fields managed by male and female holding members and the main crops grown on these fields. It is interesting from a gender perspective to determine whether differences can be observed between the location of fields managed by male holding members and those managed by female holding members as well as differences in the type of crops grown on these fields.

6. How many fields are farmed by members of this holding? Give the sex of the field manager, main crops

grown this year and last year.

Field order

Name field manager

Sex

1 = M 2 = F

Distance from compound in minutes walking 1 = 0 - 30 minutes 2 = 31 – 60 minutes 3 = 60 minutes +

Accessible by 1 = Road 2 = Track 3 = Footpath 4 = Waterway 5 = Other (specify)

Main crop

(code)

Second crop in

intercrop-ping

(code)

Last year’s main crop 2000

(code)

(a) (b) (c) (d) (d”) (e) (f) (g) 1 ……………. |__| |__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 2 ……………. |__| |__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 3 ……………. |__| |__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

Etc.

Source: The Republic of the Gambia – Agricultural Census 2001 – Form 3: Section 2

NOTE – It is advised to add variable d” to the example above in order to determine whether fields managed by women are equally accessible as those managed by men.

Example 2.7 Sources of and control over water for agricultural and household purposes (Botswana)

This example from Botswana collects data on the households’ access to water for irrigation, livestock and household purposes. Cross-tabulation of these data with the sex of the head of household will reveal any differences that may exist between male and female-headed households in terms of their access to (55a) and control over (55b) various water sources.

55a What is your most reliable source of water supply for the following?

Tick where appropriate Borehole Well (Petse/

Sediba) Dam River (Open well)

(incl. Go shaola) Lecha (Pan)

Pond (Mogobe)

Other specify

Irrigation Livestock Household

55b Who owns the water source

Tick where appropriate Self Family Syndicate Community Council None 1. Borehole 2. Well 3. Dam 4. River (incl. Go shaola) 5. Lecha (Pan) 6. Pond

Source: Botswana-Agricultural Census 1993 – Form 3: Section 4

Example 2.8 Irrigation practices of agricultural households (Tanzania)

This question collects data on irrigation practices applied and the area irrigated. Differences between male and female-headed households, if any, will show when the data are cross-tabulated with the sex of the head of household.

11.1 Does the household practice irrigation (Yes = 1, No = 2) |__|

If response is NO go to section 11.3

S/N Source of irrigation

Method of obtaining water

Method of application

Irrigatable area (acres)

Area of irrigated land this year (acres)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 11.1.1 |__| |__| |__| |__||__||__|.|__| |__||__||__|. |__|


NOTE – All data pertaining to female sub-holders operating in a male-headed holding will be attributed to the latter, as the data are collected at holding rather than sub-holding level.

Example 2.9 Presence of erosion control and water harvesting structures on the land (Tanzania)

This example from Tanzania may be of interest to countries wishing to collect more detailed information about erosion control and/or water harvesting structures. Cross-tabulation of the data with the sex of the head of holding may reveal any differences between male and female holders in terms of their access to erosion control and water harvesting structures.

11.2 Does the household have any erosion control/water harvesting facilities on their land |__|

Yes = 1, No = 2. If the response is “No” then go to section 12.0

S/N Type of erosion control/ water harvesting structures

Number of structures Year of construction

(1) (2) (3) 11.2.1 Terraces |__|__| |__|__| 11.2.2 Erosion control bunds |__|__| |__|__| 11.2.3 Gabions/sandbags |__|__| |__|__| 11.2.4 Vertiver grass |__|__| |__|__| 11.2.5 Tree belts |__|__| |__|__| 11.2.6 Water harvesting bunds |__|__| |__|__| 11.2.7 Drainage ditches |__|__| |__|__| 11.2.8 Dam |__|__| |__|__|


NOTE – It would be useful to associate these data with the land tenure status of the holdings, as investments in erosion control and water harvesting structures are often linked to more secure forms of land tenure.

Source of irrigation water (Col1) Method of obtaining water (Col 2) Method of application (Col 3) 1 = River 5 = Borehole 2 = Lake 6 = Canal 3 = Dam 7 = Tap water 4 = Well

1 = Gravity 8 = Other 2 = Hand bucket 3 = Hand pump 4 = Motor pump

1 = Flood 2 = Sprinkler 3 = Water hose 4 = Bucket/watering can

ACCESS TO AGRICULTURAL INPUTS

Example 2.10 Access to seeds (Togo)

This example from Togo collects data on the use of seeds at sub-holding level. When cross-tabulated with the sex of the sub-holder it will illustrate differences that may exist between male and female farmers with regard to the use of improved seeds for various crops.

(411) Type de cultures présentes sur la parcelle 1 = pure, associées

|__| 2 = 2 cultures 3 = 3 cultures 4 = 4 cultures et plus

(412) Cultures présentes 1 …………. 2 ………….. 3 …………… 4. …………. 5. ………… (413) Code des cultures |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| (416) Semences utilisées* |__| |__| |__| |__|

Source: République Togolaise – Recensement National Agricole 1996 - Questionnaire 4

Example 2.11 Use of agricultural inputs I (Tanzania)

This example collects data at holding level on the use of farm inputs, (columns 1 and 2), sources from which they are obtained (column 3), distances to the sources (column 4), sources used to finance the inputs (column 5), reasons for not using farm inputs (column 6), the quality of the inputs used (column 7) and whether the household intends to use the inputs next year (column 8). Cross-tabulation of the data with the sex of the head of holder will reflect any differences that may exist between male and female holders in terms of their use of agricultural inputs.

12.1 Give details of farm inputs used during the 2002/03 agricultural year.

S/N

Input name

Used

Yes = 1 No = 2

Source

Distance

to the source

Source of finance

Reason for not using

Quality of

input

Plan to use next year (Yes =1, No =2)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 12.1.1 Chemical fertilizer |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.1.2 Farm yard manure |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.1.3 Compost |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.1.4 Pesticide/fungicide |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.1.5 Herbicide |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.1.6 Improved seeds |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.1.7 Other ………….. |__| |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|

Source (Col 3) 01 = Cooperative 02 = Local farmers group 03 = Local market/trade store

04 = Secondary market 05 = Development project 06 = Crop buyers 07 = Large scale farm

08 = Locally produced by household 09 = Neighbour 98 = Other (specify) 99 = Not applicable

* Semences: Traditionnelles : 1 = de l’exploitation, 2 = d’autres exploitations, 3 = du commerce (marché local) Sélectionnées : 4 = des services de vulgarisation, 5 du commerce spécialisé (boutique),

6 = de l’exploitation, 7 = d’autres exploitations

NOTE – Data concerning female sub-holders operating in a male headed household will be attributed to the male head of the holding, as the data are collected at holding rather than sub-holding levels.


Example 2.12 Use of agricultural inputs II (Benin)

This example covers data collection at sub-holding level. When cross tabulated with the sex of the sub-holder, the data will illustrate differences that may exist between male and female farmers - whether holder or sub-holder - with regard to the type (column 128), quality (column 129), volume (column 130) and value of the agricultural inputs used (column 131) as well as the principal crop on which the inputs will be applied during the next cropping season (variable 133).

111 Numéro du responsable de parcelle |__|__| 112 Sexe |__| 113 Numéro de champ |__|__| 114 Numéro de la parcelle |__|__| 2 Utilisation d’intrants:

Intrant

Date

Type d’intrant (*)

Poids/volume

Valeur En F CFA

Désignation Code Quantité Unité 125 126 127 128 129 130 131

Semis de ….

|__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

|__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__|

|__| |__| |__| |__| |__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

|__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__|

Epandage d’engrais

|__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

|__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__|

|__| |__| |__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

|__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__|

Traitements phytosanitaires

|__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

|__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__|

|__| |__| |__| |__| |__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

|__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__| |__|__|__|__|

132 Cette parcelle sera-t-elle remise en culture la campagne prochaine ? (1 = oui 2 = non)... |__| 133 Si oui, quelle culture principale va-t-elle porter ?................................................. |__|__|

Distance to source (Col 4) Source of finance (Col 5) Reason for not using (Col 6) Quality of input (Col 7) 1 = Less than 1km 2 = Between 1 and 3 km 3 = Between 3 and 10 km 4 = Between 10 and 20 km 5 = 20 km and above 9 = Not applicable

1 = Sale of farm products 2 = Other income- generating activities 3 = Remittances 4 = Bank loan/credit 5 = Produced on farm 8 = Other 9 = Not applicable

1 = Not available 2 = Prices too high 3 = No money to buy 4 = Too much labour required 5 = Do not know how to use 6 = Input is of no use 7 = Locally produced by household 8 = Other 9 = Not applicable

1 = Excellent 2 = Good 3 = Average 4 = Poor 5 = Does not work 9 = Not applicable

Source: République du Bénin - Premier Recensement National de l’Agriculture (xxxx) – Questionnaire 5: Sections 1 & 2

Example 2.13 Use of agricultural inputs – crop basis I (Tanzania)

This example allows for the collection of household level data on the use of agricultural inputs for various crops grown. Cross-tabulation with the sex of the head of household will reveal whether differences exist on a crop basis between male and female-headed households in terms of the areas planted (columns 5 and 6), the use of improved seeds (column 7), the use of irrigation systems (column 8) and the use of fertilizers, herbicides, fungicides and pesticides (columns 9 to 12).

7.0 Annual crop and vegetable production long rainy season

7.2.2 For each crop planted during the 2002/03 long rainy season provide the following information:

Crop name

Crop code

Planted Inputs Planned

area (acres)

Actual planted (acres)

% improved

seeds

Irrigation use

Fertilizer use

Herbicide use

Fungicide use

Pesticide use

(1) (2) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) ……... |__|__| ___.___ ___.___ |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|

……... |__|__| ___.___ ___.___ |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|

……... |__|__| ___.___ ___.___ |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|

Etc. Source: United Republic of Tanzania –Small holder/Small Scale Farmer Questionnaire- Agricultural Sample Census 2002/2003- Section 7

(*)Code types d’intrants

Semences Locales : 1 = de l’exploitation 2 = d’autres exploitations 3 = du marché local Améliorés: 4 = des services de vulgarisation 5 = du commerce spécialisé 6 = de l’exploitation 7 = d’autres exploitations

Engrais Organique: 1 = fumier ou organique Minéral: 2 = NPK 3 = PA (phosphate d’ammonium) 4 = UREE 5 = NPK + UREE 6 = PA + UREE 7 = Autres (à préciser)

Produits phytosanitaires 0 = non 1 = insecticide 2 = fongicide 3 = insecticide + fongicide 4 = herbicide 5 = insecticide + herbicide 6 = fongicide + herbicide 7 = insecticide + fongicide + herbicide 8 = autres (à préciser)

Agrochemical use codes (Col. 10, 11 & 12) 1 = Used on all crop 2 = Used on ¾ crop 3 = Used on ½ crop 4 = Used on ¼ crop

5 = Used on less than ¼ crop 6 = Not used

Improved seed use (Col. 7) Irrigation use (Col. 8) Fertiliser codes (Col. 9) 1 = All improved 2 = Approx. ¾ improved 3 = Approx. ½ improved 4 = Approx ¼ improved 5 = Less than ¼ improved 6 = No improved seeds used

1 = Used on all crop 2 = Used on ¾ crop 3 = Used on ½ crop 4 = Used on ¼ crop 5 = Used on less than ¼ crop 6 = Not used

1 = Mostly farm yard manure 2 = Mostly compost 3 = Mostly inorganic fertiliser 4 = No fertiliser applied

NOTE - Data on female sub-holders operating in a male headed household will be attributed to the male head of the holding, as the data are collected at holding rather than sub-holding levels.

Example 2.14 Use of agricultural inputs – crop basis II (Senegal)

This example also records the quantities of agricultural inputs -seeds, fertiliser, herbicides and pesticides- used at holding level for selected crops. Cross-tabulation with the sex of the holder will reveal whether male and female holders use equal amounts of specified inputs for selected crops.

Section 2: Quantités d'intrants détenues (poids en kg ou volume en litre)

N°

Désignation

Poids en kg ou

volume en litre

N°

Désignation

Poids en kg ou

volume en litre

10 ARACHIDE D'HUILERIE 20 ARACHIDE DE BOUCHE 11 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| 21 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| 12 Semences

SONACOS/NOVASEN

|_|_|_|_| 22 Semences

SONACOS/NOVASEN

|_|_|_|_| 13 Autres semences |_|_|_|_| 23 Autres semences |_|_|_|_| 14 Engrais solide |_|_|_|_| 24 Engrais solide |_|_|_|_| 15 Engrais liquide |_|_|_|_| 25 Engrais liquide |_|_|_|_| 16 Herbicides solides |_|_|_|_| 26 Herbicides solides |_|_|_|_| 17 Herbicides liquides |_|_|_|_| 27 Herbicides liquides |_|_|_|_| 18 Autres pesticides solides |_|_|_|_| 28 Autres pesticides solides |_|_|_|_| 19 Autres pesticides liquides |_|_|_|_| 29 Autres pesticides liquides |_|_|_|_| 30 MIL 40 SORGHO 31 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| 41 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| 32 Semences achetées |_|_|_|_| 42 Semences achetées |_|_|_|_| 33 Autres semences |_|_|_|_| 43 Autres semences |_|_|_|_| 34 Engrais solide |_|_|_|_| 44 Engrais solide |_|_|_|_| 35 Engrais liquide |_|_|_|_| 45 Engrais liquide |_|_|_|_| 36 Herbicides solides |_|_|_|_| 46 Herbicides solides |_|_|_|_| 37 Herbicides liquides |_|_|_|_| 47 Herbicides liquides |_|_|_|_| 38 Autres pesticides solides |_|_|_|_| 48 Autres pesticides solides |_|_|_|_| 39 Autres pesticides liquides |_|_|_|_| 49 Autres pesticides liquides |_|_|_|_| 50 MAIS 60 RIZ 51 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| 61 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| Etc. Etc.

70 NIEBE 80 COTON 71 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| 81 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| Etc. Etc.

90 PASTEQUE 100 GOMBO 91 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| 101 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| Etc. Etc.

110 SESAME 120 AUTRES CULTURES 111 Réserves personnelles |_|_|_|_| 121 Réserves personnelles

Etc. Etc. Source: République du Sénégal – Recensement National de l’Agriculture – Campagne Agricole 1998/99 – Questionnaire 4: Section 2

ACCESS TO AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, ASSETS AND TECHNOLOGIES

Example 2.15 Use of farm implements and assets I (Senegal)

This example from Senegal collects data on farm implements/assets used by an agricultural holding. When cross-tabulated with the sex of the head of household/holding, the data will indicate whether differences exist with regard to male and female holders’ access to and ownership over farm implements and assets.

Section 3: Matériel agricole et équipements de l'exploitation Inscrire uniquement les effectifs de matériel ou équipement utilisé au cours de la campagne agricole 1998/99 selon le caractère étudié

Code

Matériel ou équipement

Matériel ou équipements possédés

Autre matériel

Statut Statut Propriété Copropriété Location Emprunt

1 2 3 4 9 10 01 Semoir super éco |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 02 Polyculteur |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 03 Houe occidentale |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 04 Houe sine n° 9 |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 05 Houe sine greco |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 06 Arara |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 07 Ariana |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 08 Souleveuse |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 09 Charrette asine |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 10 Charrette équine |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 11 Charrette bovine à PP |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 12 Charrette bovine à GP |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 13 Tracteur |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 14 Charrue |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 15 Offset |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 16 Billonneuse |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 17 Batteuse |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 18 Moissonneuse batteuse |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 19 Presse à huile |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 20 Moulin à grains |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 21 Décortiqueuse |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 22 Pulvérisateur |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 23 Atomiseur |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 24 Poudreuse |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 25 Véhicule utilitaire |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 26 Motopompe |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 27 Abreuvoir |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 28 Mangeoire |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 29 Magasin de stockage |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| 30 Hangar |__|__| |__|__| |__|__| |__|__|

Source: République du Sénégal – Recensement National de l’Agriculture – Campagne Agricole 1998/99 – Questionnaire 2: Section 3

NOTE – The farm assets and implements listed can be adapted to country specific circumstances.

Example 2.16 Use of farm implements and assets II (Tanzania)

This example, which is less detailed compared to the previous example in terms of implements/assets listed, also provides insight on topics such as sources from which the equipment was obtained (column 5), sources used for the financing of farm implements/assets (column 6), reasons for not using selected equipment/assets (column 7) and whether the household intends to use the farm implements/assets in the next year (column 8). Cross-tabulation of the data with the sex of the head of the household will illustrate whether differences exist between male and female-headed households with regard to their use of and access to farm implements and assets.

12.2 Give details of farm implements and assets used by the household during the 2002/ 2003 agricultural

year S/N

Equipment/ Asset Name

Number

Used in 2002/03 1 = Yes 2 = No

Source of equipme

nt

Source

of finance

Reason for not usin

g

Plan to

use next year

Yes = 1 No = 2

Owned

Rented

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 12.2.1 Hand hoe |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.2.2 Hand Powered Sprayer |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.2.3 Oxen |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.2.4 Ox plough |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.2.5 Ox Seed Planter |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.2.6 Ox Cart |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.2.7 Tractor |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.2.8 Tractor Plough |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.2.9 Tractor Harrow |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| 12.2.10 Sheller/threshers |__|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|


Source of equipment (Col 5)

Source of finance (Col 6) Reason for not using (Col 7)

1 = Neighbour 2 = Cooperative 3 = Local farmers association 4 = Market/trade store 5 = Development project 6 = Government 7 = Large scale farm 8 = Other

1 = Sale of farm products 2 = Other income-generating act. 3 = Remittances 4 = Bank loan 5 = Credit 6 = Other 7 = Not applicable

1 = Not available 2 = Price too high 3 = No money to buy/rent 4 = Too much labour required 5 = Equipment/asset of no use 6 = Other 7 = Not applicable

Example 2.17 Use of agricultural practices /technologies (Tanzania)

This example from Tanzania allows for sex-disaggregated data collection on land clearing, soil preparation and harvesting/threshing practices of agricultural households. Cross-tabulation with the sex of the head of household/holding will illustrate whether differences exist with regard to agricultural practices and technologies applied by male and female holders.

7.0 Annual crop and vegetable production long rainy season 7.2.2 For each crop planted during the 2002/03 long rainy season provide the following information:

Crop name

Crop code

Land

clearing

Soil

preparation

Planted Harvesting and storage Planned

area (acres)

Actual planted (acres)

How harvested

How threshed

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (13) (14) ……... |__|__| |__| |__| ___.___ ___.___ |__| |__| ……... |__|__| |__| |__| ___.___ ___.___ |__| |__| ……... |__|__| |__| |__| ___.___ ___.___ |__| |__| ……... |__|__| |__| |__| ___.___ ___.___ |__| |__|

Etc. Source: United Republic of Tanzania –Small holder/Small Scale Farmer Questionnaire- Agricultural Sample Census 2002/2003- Section 7

NOTE – The practices highlighted in the code lists can be adapted to country specific circumstances.

Land clearing (Col. 3) Soil preparation (Col. 4) Harvested/threshed (Col. 13 & 14)) 1 = Mostly bush clearance 2 = Mostly hand slashing 3 = Mostly tractor slashing 4 = Mostly burning 5 = No land clearing

1 = Mostly tractor ploughing 2 = Mostly oxen ploughing 3 = Mostly hand cultivation

1 = By hand 2 = By draft animal 3 = By human powered tool 4 = By engine driven machine 9 = Not applicable

ACCESS TO CREDIT

Example 2.18 Access to credit at holding level (Côte d’Ivoire)

This example collects detailed information on commercial holdings’ access to credit for the financing of operational and equipment costs. The questions relate to the source of the credit used, amount borrowed, repayment periods and the purpose for which loans were used. When cross-tabulated with the sex of the manager of the commercial holding it could illustrate differences in money lending practices between male and female managers of commercial holdings. Similar questions can be asked in relation to traditional holdings.

8 Derniers crédits agricoles par type (crédit de campagne et crédit d’équipement) et par source de financement

Crédit de campagne

Type de crédit

Source de crédit Année emprunt

2000

Montant emprunt

(en millions de CFA)

Durée emprunt en

mois

Institutions

Codes

(1)

Crédit de

campagne

Banque 1 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__| Caisse Rurale 2 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__| Fournisseurs 3 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__| OPA/COOP 4 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__| Autres 5 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__|

Suite: En cours

(en millions de CFA) Echéance

1 = an ; 2 =semestre 3 = trimestre ; 4 = mois

5 = autre ……

Montant de la traite (en millions de CFA)

Utilisation principale 1 = achat intrants

2 = frais de main d’œuvre 4 = frais de commercialisation

8 = autres |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|

Crédit d’équipement

Type de crédit

Source de crédit Année emprunt

2000

Montant emprunt

(en millions de CFA)

Durée emprunt en

mois

Institutions

Codes

(2)

Crédit

d’équipement

Banque 1 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__| Caisse Rurale 2 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__| Fournisseurs 3 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__| OPA/COOP 4 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__| Autres 5 |__|__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|__|__|

Suite: En cours

(en millions de CFA) Echéance

1 = an ; 2 =semestre 3 = trimestre ; 4 = mois

5 = autre ……

Montant de la traite (en millions de CFA)

Utilisation principale 1 = construction terrain 2 = achat d’équipement 4 = matériel de transport

8 = achat et aménage des terres 16 = autres

|__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__| |__|__|__|,|__| |__|

Source: République de Côte d’Ivoire - Recensement National de l’Agriculture 2000/2001 – Questionnaire Exploitation Moderne: Section 8

Example 2.19 Reasons for not receiving a loan or credit (Uganda)

This example allows for data collection on reasons why households did not receive credit in the past 10 years. Cross-tabulation with the total number of holdings by sex of the head of the holding will illustrate whether male and female holders encounter similar difficulties in accessing credit. Such data are seldom collected although the information is highly relevant for credit and agricultural development programmes, which aim to enhance the production, productivity and incomes of farming communities.

2.2.14: Reasons for not receiving a loan or credit 32 Why has the household not received a loan or credit in the last 10 years?

(More than one reason can be mentioned. Assign code 1 if the reason is not mentioned, otherwise assign code 2)

Reason Code Reason (1) (2) (3)

No need for loans 1 |__| Unavailability of lending facility 2 |__|

Lack of collateral 3 |__| Interest too high 4 |__|

Not profitable 5 |__| Already paid 6 |__|

Ignorance 7 |__| Negative past experience 8 |__|

Others, specify ………………….. 9 |__| Source: Uganda – Pilot Census of Agriculture 2003 – PCA Form 2: Section 2.2

Example 2.20 Use of credit received (Tanzania)

This example from Tanzania is interesting as it collects data on the use of credit by individual household members, specified by sex. The questions can provide insight into intra-household differences (between male and female household members) as well as inter-household differences (between male and female headed households) in terms of credit sources used, the purpose for which the money was borrowed, the total value of the credit received, the amount repaid and the repayment period.

Q 13.1: During the year 2002/2003 did any of the household members borrow money for agriculture? Yes or no Q 13.2 If yes, then give details of the credit obtained during the agricultural year 2002/2003 (if the credit was provided in kind, for example by the provision of inputs, then estimate the value)

Credit details Source “a” Source “b” Source “c” Use codes to indicate source |__| |__| |__| Provide to Male=1, Female=2 |__| |__| |__| S/N

Use of credit

Tick boxes below to indicate the use of the credit



13.2.1 Labour 13.2.2 Seeds 13.2.3 Fertilisers 13.2.4 Agrochemicals 13.2.5 Tools/equipment 13.2.6 Irrigation structures 13.2.7 Livestock 13.2.8 Other ……………………………… 13.2.9 Value of Credit (Tsh.) ______________ ______________ ______________ 13.2.10 Value of repayment (Tsh). ______________ ______________ ______________ 13.2.11 Period of repayment (months) ______________ ______________ ______________


NOTE – The “use of credit” list can be expanded, depending on country specific circumstances. It can also include categories such as the hire/purchase of agro-processing equipment, construction of (improved) storage facilities and transportation of agricultural produce.

Source of credit 1 = Family, friend or relative 2 = Commercial bank

3 = Cooperative 4 = Savings and credit soc. 5 = Trader/trade store

6 = Private individual 7 = Religious organisation/NGO/Project 8 = Other (specify) ………………………

Example 2.21 Access to credit – traditional holding (Mali)

This example from Mali can illustrate whether male and female holding members/holders have equal access to credit. This can be assessed by cross tabulating the sex of the holding member/ holder with other variables such as the type of the credit obtained (column 104), the amount borrowed (column 105), the amount that needs to be reimbursed (column 106), the reimbursement period (column 107), reimbursement intervals (column 108 and 109), the credit source (column 110), collateral provided (column 111 and 112), and the purpose for which the cash credit is used (column 113).

9 Identifiant

|__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__|__| |__|__|__| |__| |__|__| |__| |__|__| |__| Région Cercle Zone

agro-écologique

Strate Arrondissement Section énumération

No exploit.

No membre

Q1*

Sexe Age Niveau d’instruct.

Note: Cette fiche devra être remplie pour tous les membres de l’exploitation ayant contracté un crédit c’est–à-dire ayant eu accès au crédit au cours de la période des cinq dernières années ( oui à la colonne 130 du questionnaire 1)*. Ce crédit ne concerne que les facteurs de production.

CREDIT AGRICOLE

No de

crédit

Le crédit est-il en cours? 1=oui 2= non

Quelle est la nature du crédit ? 1= crédit de campagne en espèces 2= crédit de campagne en nature 3= crédit d’équipement en espèces 4= crédit d’équipement en nature

Si oui quelle

est la somme

empruntée ?

(francs CFA)

Quel est le montant à

rembourser (+ intérêt) ?

(francs CFA)

Quelle est la

durée du crédit en

mois?

Quelle est l’échéance de remboursement? 1= mensuel 2= trimestriel 3= semestriel 4= annuel 5= en une fois 6= autre

102 103 104 105 106 107 108 1 I___I I___I I__I__I I___I 2 I___I I___I I__I__I I___I 3 I___I I___I I__I__I I___I

Etc. I___I I___I I__I__I I___I

Suite:

CREDIT AGRICOLE

Si le remboursement est échelonné,

quel est le montant du dernier paiement ?

( francs CFA )

Nature du prêteur: 1= Banque 2= Caisse rurale 3= ONG 4= Fournisseur 5= Usurier 6= Projet 7= Tontine 8= Autre……..

Y a-t-il eu caution ?

1= Oui 2= Non

Si oui quelle est la nature de la caution ? 1= Maison 2= Terre 3= Caution solidaire 4= Tiers familial 5= Tiers non familial 6= Bétail 7= Plantation 8= Autre……

Si crédit en espèces, quelle a été sa destination ? 1= Intrants 2= Travaux agricoles 4= Construction 8= Equipement 16= Besoins du ménage 32= Autres faire la somme des modalités

109 110 111 112 113 I___I I___I I___I I__I__I I___I I___I I___I I__I__I I___I I___I I___I I__I__I I___I I___I I___I I__I__I

Source Recensement Général de l'Agriculture au Mali (1999-2000) – Fiche: Crédit Agricole

ACCESS TO EXTENSION SERVICES/TRAINING PROGRAMMES

Example 2.22 Access to extension services – crops and livestock (Benin)

This example collects data on access to extension services for both crop and animal production. When cross- tabulated with the sex of the holder it will reveal whether differences exist between male and female holders in terms of their access to extension services provided by different organisations. The data will also illustrate whether extension services provided are very much focused towards a selected number of crops or animals.

7. Production

119 Type de production

120 Code

121 Présence

122 Encadrement

Technique

119 Type de production

120 Code

121 Présence

122 Encadrement

Technique Prod. Vivrière Prod. de rente

Maïs 01 |__| |__| Coton 40 |__| |__| Sorgho 02 |__| |__| Etc. 41 |__| |__| Mil 03 |__| |__| Riz 04 |__| |__| Prod. forestière Fonio 05 |__| |__| Teck 48 |__| |__| Autres 06 |__| |__| Etc. Manioc 07 |__| |__| Igname 08 |__| |__| Prest. de service Patate douce 09 |__| |__| Salariat agricole 52 |__| |__| Taro 10 |__| |__| Défense sanitaire 53 |__| |__| Pomme de terre 11 |__| |__| Traction animale 54 |__| |__| Autres 12 |__| |__| Motorisation 55 |__| |__| Haricot 13 |__| |__| Protection stock 56 |__| |__| Voandzou 14 |__| |__| Protection culture 57 |__| |__| Pois d’angole 15 |__| |__| Total contrôle |__| |__| Soja 16 |__| |__| Tomate 17 |__| |__| Elevage Piment 18 |__| |__| Bovins 58 |__| |__| Gombo 19 |__| |__| Ovins 59 |__| |__| Oignon 20 |__| |__| Caprins 60 |__| |__| Légume Feuille 21 |__| |__| Porcins 61 |__| |__| Goussi 22 |__| |__| Volaille 62 |__| |__| Sésame 23 |__| |__| Total Contrôle |__| |__| Arachide 24 |__| |__| Canne à sucre 25 |__| |__| Carottes 26 |__| |__| Autres 27 |__| |__| Total contrôle |__| |__|

Prod. Fruitière Orange 28 |__| |__| Banane plantain 29 |__| |__| Etc.

Source : République du Bénin - Premier Recensement National de l’Agriculture (xxxx) – Questionnaire 2 : Section 7

Encadrement (code 122) 0 = Pas d’encadrement 1= CeRPA 2 = PROJET 3 = Organisation paysanne 4 = ONG 5 = Autres

NOTE – Sex-disaggregated data collection on the access of individual household members to extension services would require a question pertaining to the “sex” of the recipient.

Example 2.23 Access to extension services – crops (Tanzania)

This example collects data on access to extension services for crop production as well as details about the related costs (column 3), whether the services were given to contact farmers or farm group members (column 4), the number of visits made (column 5), the messages adopted (column 6) and the quality of the services provided (column 7). When cross-tabulated with the sex of the holder it will reveal any differences that may exist between male and female-headed households in terms of their access to extension services offered by different providers.

Q. 15.1 Did your household receive extension advice for crop production during 2002/03 |__|

(Yes = 1, No = 2) If response is “NO” go to section 16.0

S/N

Extension Provider

Source of extension

(Y=1, N=2)

If you pay for

extension, what is the

cost/yr

Contact farmer/ group

member (Y=1, N=2)

No. of visits by

extension agency

per years

No. of message adopted in last 3 years

Quality

of service (code)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 15.1.1 Government extension I__I I__I__I __I__I I__I I__I__I I__I__I I__I 15.1.2 NGO/ development project I__I I__I__I __I__I I__I I__I__I I__I__I I__I 15.1.3 Cooperative I__I I__I__I __I__I I__I I__I__I I__I__I I__I 15.1.4 Large Scale farmer I__I I__I__I __I__I I__I I__I__I I__I__I I__I 15.1.5 Other ……… I__I I__I__I __I__I I__I I__I__I I__I__I I__I Source: United Republic of Tanzania – Agricultural Sample Census 2002/2003: Small holder/ Small Scale Farmer Questionnaire: Section 15

Example 2.24 Implementation of extension messages - crops (Tanzania)

Q. 15.2 Crop extension messages

S/N

Extension message

Received Advice Yes = 1 No =2

Adopted Yes = 1 No = 2

Source of crop

extension

(1) (2) (3) (4) 15.2.1 Spacing I__I I__I I__I 15.2.2 Use of agro-chemicals I__I I__I I__I 15.2.3 Erosion control I__I I__I I__I 15.2.4 Organic fertilizer use I__I I__I I__I 15.2.5 Inorganic fertilizer use I__I I__I I__I 15.2.6 Use of improved seed I__I I__I I__I 15.2.7 Mechanisation/LST I__I I__I I__I 15.2.8 Irrigation technology I__I I__I I__I 15.2.9 Crop storage I__I I__I I__I 15.2.10 Vermin control I__I I__I I__I 15.2.11 Agro-processing I__I I__I I__I 15.2.12 Agro-forestry I__I I__I I__I 15.2.13 Bee keeping I__I I__I I__I 15.2.14 Fish farming I__I I__I I__I 15.2.15 Other I__I I__I I__I Source: United Republic of Tanzania – Agricultural Sample Census 2002/2003: Small holder/Small Scale Farmer Questionnaire- - Section 15

Quality of service (Col 7) 1 = Very good 2 = Good 3 = Average 4 = Poor 5 = No good

This example can illustrate whether differences exist between male and female-headed households in terms of their access to extension services provided by different sources (column 4), the type of advice received (columns 1 and 2), and whether the advice was adopted (column 3), if the outcomes are cross tabulated with the sex of the head of household.

Sources of extension (Col 4) 1 = Government 2 = NGO/Dev. Project 3 = Cooperative 4 = Large scale farmer 8 = Other (specify) 9 = Not applicable

Example 2.25 Access to extension services – livestock (Tanzania)

This example collects data on the households’ access to livestock extension services offered by different providers (column 1), the related costs (column 2), whether given to contact farmers or farm group members (column 3), the number of visits (column 4), the messages adopted (column 5) and the quality of the services provided (column 6). When cross-tabulated with the sex of the holder it will reveal any differences between male and female-headed households in terms of their access to livestock extension services.

Q. 29.1 Did you [the household] receive livestock extension advice during 02/03? |__|

(Yes =1, No =2) Q. 29.2 For the following Livestock Extension Providers give details:

S/N

Extension Provider

If you pay for

extension, what is the

cost/yr

Contact farmer/ group

member (Y=1, N=2)

No. of visits by extension agency per

years

No. of message

adopted in last 3 years

Quality of service (code)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 29.2.1 Government extension |__|__|__|__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| 29.2.2 NGO/ development project |__|__|__|__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| 29.2.3 Cooperative |__|__|__|__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| 29.2.4 Large Scale farmer |__|__|__|__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| 29.2.5 Other ……… |__|__|__|__| |__| |__|__| |__|__| |__| Source: United Republic of Tanzania – Agricultural Sample Census 2002/2003: Small holder/ Small Scale Farmer Questionnaire: Section 29

Example 2.26 Implementation of extension messages – livestock (Tanzania)

This example focuses on the implementation of livestock extension messages by agricultural households. Cross-tabulation of these data with the sex of the head of household will illustrate differences that may exist between male and female–headed households in terms of the type of advice received (column 1), whether the advice was adopted (column 2), and the sources that provided the extension services (column 3).

S/N

Livestock Extension Messages

Received Advice Yes = 1, No = 2

Adopted Yes = , No = 2

Source of Livestock Extension

(1) (2) (3) (4) 29.1.1 Feed and proper feeding |__| |__| |__| 29.1.2 Housing (Goat, Dairy, Poultry, Pigs) |__| |__| |__| 29.1.3 Proper milking |__| |__| |__| 29.1.4 Milk hygiene |__| |__| |__| 29.1.5 Disease control (dipping/ spraying) |__| |__| |__| 29.1.6 Herd/Flock size and selection |__| |__| |__| 29.1.7 Pasture establishment |__| |__| |__| 29.1.8 Group formation and strengthening |__| |__| |__| 29.1.9 Calf rearing |__| |__| |__| 29.1.10 Use of improved bulls |__| |__| |__| 29.1.11 Other livestock extension |__| |__| |__| Source: United Republic of Tanzania – Agricultural Sample Census 2002/2003: Small holder/ Small Scale Farmer Questionnaire: Section 29

Quality of service (Col 6) 1 = Very good 2 = Good 3 = Average 4 = Poor 5 = No good

Sources of extension (Col 4) 1= Government 2 = NGO/Dev. Project 3 = Cooperative 4 = Large scale farmer 8 = Other (Specify) 9 = Not applicable

Documents

DATA ITEM 2: ACCESS TO MEANS OF PRODUCTION · irrigation par aspersion 2 = irrigation par gravité 3 = autres . Mode d’acquisition de la parcelle . 1 = héritage 2 = don 3 = achat