Dark Particle Hunters - Physics and Astronomy at TAMUpeople.physics.tamu.edu/kamon/research/talk/2010/...“Transformer” Cube “Standard Model” Cube “PPC” Cube Teruki Kamon1,2)

1PPC at the LHC

Connecting betweenParticle Physics and Cosmology

at the LHC

© Premiere Props

Selections from the “Cosmo Secret” Cube Catalogue“Standard Model” Cube “PPC” Cube“Transformer” Cube

Teruki Kamon1,2) and Bhaskar Dutta1)

1) Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University 2) WCU Collider Physics Research, Kyungpook National University

HEP Seminar

Pusan National UniversityNovember 5, 2010

Inclusive collaborators: Allahverdi, Arnowitt, Bornhauser, Dutta, Flanagan,#) Gurrola,*)

Kamon, Kolev, Krislock,*) Lahanas, Mavromatos, Nanopoulos, Oh, Sinha, Toback, Wang*)

Teruki Kamon 2PPC at the LHC

OUTLINE3

1) SUSY & Dark Matter2) “Particle Physics & Cosmology” Projects

Search for cosmologically consistent collider (C3) signals

3) Tevatron to LHC

� Developing a technique to test a minimal SUSY framework (e.g.,mSUGRA) at the LHC:a) To measure SUSY masses;b) To determine model parameters;c) To extract �� (amount of the dark matter)

� Expanding to non-minimal SUSY scenarios (e.g. non-universalSUGRA models)

� Further expansion to non-SUSY scenarios

GOAL OF PROJECTS

SUSY

Cosmological Connection: �� DM

SUSY

CDM = Neutralino ( )01�~

Ast

roph

ysic

s

SUSY is an interesting classof models to provide a weaklyinteracting massive neutralparticle (M ~ 100 GeV).

SM

�� 23%


Neutralinoss Sleptions Ss Squarks

~0.0000001 seconds

Probing 10��7 sec. after Big BangNow

CMB~380,000 years


annihilation

combination

LHC

PPC cube

http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/gr/public/bb_history.html

“Number” density (nn) ��

Cross section (��)

SUSY Masses (at the LHC)masses)(SUSY2

01

D�h~��

Teruki Kamon 5PPC at the LHC]Mpcskm100[ 11 �� /Hh

� �3 22eqnnHn

dtdn

�� v�

22

�

�

��

�

�

�

�

�

��

�

�

�ann� + …. + ….

Co-annihilation (CA) Process (Griest, Seckel ’91)

MSSM – more than 100 parameters

Impossible to have more than 100measurements at the LHC

Let’s consider a way to test aminimal scenario, first. Then, expandto non-minimal scenarios.

Minimal scenario = mSUGRA

SUSY Philosophy

MManyparameters

Fewparameters


Very simplified diagram

Higgs Slepton Gluino &Squarkn Gnn GSGNeutralino

& Chargino


Elegant(?) SUSY WorldUniversality

This model framework describes allSUSY masses with four parameters plusone sign.m1/2 = common mass for “spin ½” particles at MGUTm0 = common mass for “spin 0” particles at MGUT

and (tan�� A0 ,, sign of �). So the dark mattercontent can be expressed as:

)tan(masses)(SUSY 01/202

01

A,,m,mh~ ��

DD ��

“Universality” allowsus to simplify theSUSY world in a 2Dplane (m0 – m1/2).

1) MHiggs > 114 GeV2) Mchargino > 104 GeV3) 2.2x10��4 <Br(b�s �) <4.5x10�4

4) (g�2)� : 3 � deviation from SM5) 12101060 2

01

.h. ~ ��

�

?


mSUGRA World

0 4

Allowed Region

CCDM allowed region?

Magnetic Moment of Muon

Higgs Mass (Mh)

Branching Ratio b � s�

Excl

uded

Mas

s of

Squ

arks

and

Sle

pton

s

Mass of Gauginosm1/2

m0


Cosmologically Allowed Region

CDM allowed region

Magnetic Moment of Muon

Higgs Mass (Mh)

Branching Ratio b � s�

Excl

uded

Mas

s of

Squ

arks

and

Sle

pton

s

Mass of Gauginosm1/2

m0

What are the signals from the narrow co-annihilation corridor?


Co-annihilation (CA) Process (Griest, Seckel ’91)

Excluded by1) Rare B decay b �� s�2) No CDM candidate3) Muon magnetic moment

abc

CDMS II

Rouzbeh Allahverdi, Bhaskar Dutta, Yudi SantosoarXiv:0912.4329

“Cube” Approach


Probe Metric at the LHC

Minimal SUGRA

Non-Universal SUGRA


),tan,,( 01/202

~01

Ammh ��

D��

),,tan,,( 01/202

~01

��

Ammh D��

Future Collider

E

LHC

Tevatron

Precision

We review “mSUGRA” cases first,followed by a “non-universal SUGRA”case.

Texas-style SUSY Hunting


PPC Projects at a Glance

[Case 1] “Coannihilation (CA)” RegionArnowitt, Dutta, Gurrola,*) Kamon, Krislock,*)

Toback, PRL100 (2008) 231802For earlier studies, see Arnowitt et al., PLB 649 (2007) 73; Arnowitt et al., PLB 639 (2006) 46

[Case 2] “Over-dense Dark Matter” RegionDutta, Gurrola,*) Kamon, Krislock,*) Lahanas,Mavromatos, NanopoulosPRD 79 (2009) 055002

[Case 3] “HB/Focus Point” RegionArnowitt, Dutta, Flanagan,#) Gurrola,*) Kamon,Kolev, Krislock*) (SUSY2009)

[Case 4] “Non-universality” Dutta, Kamon, Kolev, Krislock,*) Oh,submitted to PRD [arXi:1008.3380]

*) Graduate student, #) REU student

� �3 22eqnnHn

dtdn

�� v� � � )(3 22 �� SnnHndtdn

eq �� v


(extra time-dependence)

[Case 5] “LFV” Allahverdi, Bornhauser, Dutta, Kamon,Krislock,*)

[Case 6] “Mirage”Dutta, Kamon, Krislock,*) Sinha, Wang*)

[Case 7] “…”Dutta, Kamon, Krislock,*) Sinha, …

[Case 2] “Oveerr- ense Dark Matter” RegiondedDutta, Gurrola,*) Kamon, Krislock,*) Lahanas,Mavromatos, NanopoulosPRD 79 (2009) 055002

)(3 22 �(� )�� SnnHndtdn

eq �� v(extra time( - e)dependenc

qqdependence

Review: 3 mSUGRA Casestan� = 40A0 = 0, � > 0

a b

c

Excluded by1) Rare B decay b � s�2) No CDM candidate3) Muon magnetic moment

abc

m0

(GeV

)

m1/2 (GeV)

Over-dense DM Region

Coannihilation (CA) Region

HB/Focus Point Region

Note: g�2 data may still be controversial.

1

2

3

Teruki Kamon PPC at the LHC 15

SUSY Mass Techniques

FFewassumptions

Manyassumptions

16

Christopher Lester et al., ICHEP2010, arXiv:1004.2732


� Missing momentum� Meff, HT� shatmin� MTGEN� MT2 / MCT� MT2 (with “kinks”)� MT2 / MCT ( parallel /

perp )� MT2 / MCT ( “sub-

system” )� “Polynomial”

constraints� Multi-event

polynomial constraints

� Whole dataset variables

� Max Likelihood / Matrix Element

CDMS II


Teruki Kamon 17PPC at the LHCTerukki KamonKTeruki Kamon

�Finding Smoking Gun(s) �� Kinematical Templates

Case 1: mSUGRA Co-Annihilation

�� = 50%, ffake = 1% for pTvis > 20 GeV

Excesses in 3 Final States: ETmiss+ 4j ; ET

miss+ 2j+2��; ETmiss+ b +3j


Arnowitt, Dutta, Gurrola,*) Kamon, Krislock,*) Toback, PRL100 (2008) 231802 For earlier studies, see Arnowitt et al., PLB 649 (2007) 73; Arnowitt et al., PLB 639 (2006) 46

mSUGRA CA Bentchmark Point

m1/2 = 350, m0 = 210, tan� = 40A0 = 0, � > 0

Identify smoking-gun signal(s) and kinematical variables in a benchmark model.

Prepare kinematical templates by changing one mass at a time.

(ISAJET/PYTHIA+PGS4)Teruki Kamon 19PPC at the LHC

Determine the model parameters

DMp

� � 0.23

Measure SUSY masses

(DarkSUSY)

Identify smoking-gun signal(s) and kinematical variables in a benchmark model.

Prepare kinematical templates by changing one mass at a time.

(ISAJET/PYTHIA+PGS4)

Smoking Gun Signal and Template[*] M��2 taus with pT > 40 and 20 GeV


)( 01

021

peak ��~,~,MfM �

Good kinematical template

We identified 6 kinematical distributions

for 5 masses. e.g.,

M�� = f1(SUSY masses)

More Templates

GeV840

[*] Meff ETj1+ET

j2+ETj3+ET

j4+ ETmiss

[No b jets; �b ~ 50%] … insensitive for 3rd generation squarks

GeV660�Lq~M


[*] Mj��Jets with ET > 100 GeV

Determine the benchmarkmodel parameters

SUSY Masses & �h2

)91.5(8.09.5/

)19.3(2.01.3/0.26.10

;19141;15260

;21831;25748

01

02

01

02

~~

~~

~~

~~

� �

� � ��

� �

� �

theoryMM

theoryMMM

MM

MM

g

g

gqL

�

�

��

Inverting Eqs.

Measure SUSY masses (10 fb-1)

1�

[1] Established the CA region bydetecting low energy �’s (pT

vis > 20 GeV)

[2] Measured 5 SUSY masses and testedgaugino universality at ~15% (10 fb-1)

Teruki Kamon PPC at the LHC

L= 10 fb�1

50 fb�1

22

)tan( 01/202

01

A,,m,mh~ ��

D�

2h�10.

10% (5%) with 10 (50) fb-1

LMD Scenario

PLB 649 (2007) 63

� � )(3 22 �� SnnvHndtdn

eq ��

m0

Lahanas, Mavromatos, and Nanopoulos, PLB 649 (2007) 63

A0 = 0, tan� = 40Dilaton effect createsnew parameter space.

m1/2

� � )(3 22 �� SnnvHndtdn

eq ��

Smoking gun signals in the region? – see an example for

86.8%

77.0%


Case 2: mSUGRA Over-dense DMDutta, Gurrola,*) Kamon, Krislock,*) Lahanas, Mavromatos, Nanopoulos

PRD 79 (2009) 055002

m1/2 = 440, m0 = 471tan� = 40A0 = 0, � > 0

m1/2 = 600, m0 = 440tan� = 40A0 = 0, � > 0

Stau and Higgs

1�~

Lu~

01�~

02�~

g~

h

1�~

m1/2=600, m0=440, tan�=40, mtop=175

Re~

u1366

1252

494

376249

462

114

462

)tan()tan(

)()(

00214peak

00213peak)(

eff

0212peakeff

0211(2)peak

A,,m,mXMA,,m,mXM

m,mXMm,mXM

/

/b

/

/j

��

��

��

��

(GeV)bbM

N(b) > 2 with pT > 100 GeV; 0.4< �Rbb < 1


Determining �h2

�Solved by inverting the following functions:

340tan450

660023440

0

21

0

� � � �

�A

mm

/

%~h/h ~~ 19�� 2201

01 ��

!

)tan()tan(

)()(

00214peak

00213peak)(

eff

0212peakeff

0211(2)peak

A,,m,mXMA,,m,mXM

m,mXMm,mXM

/

/b

/

/j

��

��

��

��

(b/c stau helps to determine tan�accurately)

500 fb-1

),tan,( 02/102

~01

Ammh ��

D��

L= 500 fb�1


Prospects at the LHC : A few mass measurements are available: 2nd

and 3rd neutralinos, and gluino

Question: Can we make a cosmological measurement?

g~

0i

~�

q~ l~ Z

Abram Krislock’s image of HB/FP, October 2008

m0, A0, �, tan�

m1/2, ��tan�


Case 3: mSUGRA HB/Focus PointArnowitt, Dutta, Flanagan,*) Gurrola,*) Kamon, Kolev, Krislock*)

mSUGRA FP Benchmark Point

�total = 3.1 pb

m1/2 = 314 GeVm0 = 3550 GeV

tan� = 10A0 = 0� > 0


Invariant Dilepton Masses

“Dilepton” Edges

01

02

~~ �� 01

03

~~ ��

1fb300 �

""""""

#

$

%%%%%

&

'

��

��

�

00

00

2

1

0

��

��

��

��

��

�

scMssMccMcsM

scMccMMssMcsMM

WZWZ

WZWZ

WZWZ

WZWZ

~�

"""""

#

$

%%%%%

&

'

��

��

�

00

00

2

1

0

��

��

��

��

��

�

scMssMccMcsM

scMccMMssMcsMM

WZWZ

WZWZ

WZWZ

WZWZ

~�

A4x4 (m1/2, �, tan� )

g~M 01

02

21 �� ~~ MMD �� 01

03

31 �� ~~ MMD ��

New to Probe �h2

)tan,,( 2/12

~01

��

mh D��

!D21 and !D32 (!� and !�tan�

B. DuttaTalk at SUSY 2009June 2009


(1) D. Tovey, “Dark Matter Searches of ATLAS,” PPC 2007(2) H. Baer et al., “Precision Gluino Mass at the LHC in SUSY Models with Decoupled

Scalars,” Phys. Rev. D75, 095010 (2007), reporting 8% with 100 fb-1

��h2 Determination

D21 and D32 at 1-2% andgluino mass at 5%

%.70��!� %~ 31

tantan��!

%~hh 282

2

��!

%.mm 65

1/2

1/2 �!

%.DD 71

21

21 �! %.

DD 11

31

31 �! %.

MM

g~

g~ 54�!(1) (1) (2)

(1) D Tovey

%MM

h

h 1�!

LHC Goal


Reconstructing two top quarks!e.g., "Perspectives for the detection and measurement ofSupersymmetry in the focus point region of mSUGRA modelswith the ATLAS detector at LHC,"U. De Sanctis, T. Lari, S. Montesano, C. Troncon, arXiv:0704.2515v1 [hep-ex] (Eur.Phys.J.C52:743-758,2007)�� No gluino mass measurement.

Question (& HW)Can we improve an gluino mass measurement by simultaneous detection of neutralinos and top(s)?

HW: Gluino Mass Measurement

))()(( 01

02 �� ~bWbW~ttg~ ��


1fb500 ��

(GeV))( jjbM

))()(( 01

02 �� ~bWbW~ttg~ ��

Simultaneous Detection of Neutralinos and Top(s)

1fb300 �

Working on the gluino mass estimate …

ETmiss + Dilepton + Jets

[1]TT

N(�) > 2pT > 10 GeV; |)| < 2.5

[2]T )||)

ETmiss > 150 GeV

[3]T

Selection of W � jjpT(j) > 30 GeV;0.4 < �R(j,j) < 1.5M(jj) < 78 15 GeV

[4](jj(( )jj

Selection of t � WbpT(b) > 30 GeV0.4 < �R(jj, b) < 2

(GeV))(��M

)OSDF(OSSF �� eee

))()(())()((

01

01

02

��

�

~lljjbjjb~llWbWb

~ttg~

��

mSUGRA Report Card on �h2

tan� = 40A0 = 0, � > 0

a b

c

Excluded by1) Rare B decay b � s�2) No CDM candidate3) Muon magnetic moment

abc

m0

(GeV

)

m1/2 (GeV)01

02

��

~~~�

�

��

01

01

02

��

~bb~h~

��

PRL100 (2008) 231802

PRD 79 (2009) 055002

( jjB. DuttaTalk at SUSY 2009June 2009

�1

�2

g~�

3 %~hh 282

2

��!

500 fb-1

%~hh 192

2

��!

300 fb-1

50 fb-1

10 fb-1

%~hh 52

2

��!

Teruki Kamon PPC at the LHC 7


Dutta, Kamon, Kolev, Krislock,*) OhSubmitted to PRD [arXi:1008.3380]

Case 4: Non-Univ. SUGRA

mSUGRA:UUnified masses at the GUT scaleParameters : m0, m1/2, A0, tan�, sign(�)

(*) Good enough to confirm that the dark matter is the SUSY weaklyinteracting neutral particle.

[Q] Is a cosmological measurement possible for non-minimal case?

nuSUGRA:Unified masses at the GUT scale, except HiggsParameters : m0, m1/2, A0, tan�, �(mH)

(*) small � makes neutralino Higgs-like � annihilation cross section islarge enough to have right amount of dark matter today.

1) Start with over-abundance (x10) region in Case2-like mSUGRA(e.g., m1/2 = 500, m0 = 360, mHu = 360, �� =604)

2) Reduce �� (Higgs coupling parameter) by increasing mHu(e.g., m1/2 = 500, m0 = 360, mHu =732, � = 307)� Extra contributions to �h2

� More annihilation� Less abundance� Normal values of �h2


nuSUGRA

nuSUGRA Benchmark Point

11.0andpb25.1 2 ��


m0 = 360, m1/2 = 500, mH = 732, � = 307, A0 = 0, tan� = 40

3) Find smoking gun signals

4) Technique to calculate ��h2

Smoking Gun Signals


%%~~%%~%.%~W~

99929858

4242SSCU-Non

102

1

011

��*��

�

�

Case 2Non-U

Next page

Dijet mass distribution forany two-jet pairs in theevent.

BG-subtracted Dijet massdistribution has stillresidual BG, but, mucheasier to extract the W’s.

Clearly we can see the Wevents and sideband BG.

Dijet mass distribution forany two-jet pairs in themixed events.

Bi-Event Subtraction Technique(BEST)

Powerful tool to remove combinatorial background


Start with “JW”N(j) > 2 with pT > 30 GeVN(b) > 0 with pT > 30 GeVN(�) = 0 with pT > 20 GeV

ETmiss > 180 GeV;

N(J) > 2 with ET > 200 GeV; ET

miss + ETJ1 + ET

J2 > 600 GeV

Note there might be b-jets and/or ��-jets in event, but not counted as “J” nor “j”.

500-360-732

Endpoint = 774 GeVTrue = 739 GeV (�4

0)

MJW

True = 739 GeV (�40)

&BEST to extract

W’s&

True = 714 GeV (�1+/�)

True

[Vetoing events with any �’ s with pT > 20 GeV]


m1/2-m0-mHu 500-360-732 500-360-694 500-360-582�h2 0.110 0.211 0.462MJW(q~��1

+�W+�10) 714 (Br=0.20*0.42) 813 (0.31*0.48) 867 (0.57*0.31)

MJW(q~��2+�W+�2

0��+h) 727 (0.46*0.92) 650 (0.35*0.54) 652 (0.087*0.30)MJW(q~��2

+�W+�30�Z) 652 (0.46*0.18*0.46) NAN (0.35*0.00) NAN (0.087*0.00)

MJW(q~��40�W+�1

+) 739 (0.24*0.74) 654 (0.19*0.85) 650 (0.053*0.56)gluino 1161 1161 1161uL, uR 1113, 1078 1111, 1077 1111, 1076�1

+, �2+ 291, 427 329, 442 376, 511

�10 ~ �4

0 199, 293, 316, 432 202, 328, 368, 445 205, 375, 482, 511

500-360-694

MJW, shifting with mHu500-360-582500-360-732

867813739

Endpoint = 774 GeVTrue = 739 GeV (�4

0)Endpoint = 856 GeVTrue = 813 GeV (�1

+/-)Endpoint = 900 GeVTrue = 867 GeV (�1

+/-)


Observable #1

)( 2/1T

jet4T,jet3T,jet2T,jet1T,

mME

ppppM

eff

eff

��+�

��


CClassical kinematical variable to probe a SUSY scale…Meff ET

j1+ETj2+ET

j3+ETj4+ ET

miss [No b jets; �b ~ 50%]

Observables #2, #3

),(

),,(

2/1

~,~~~1

024,2

mmM

mmmM

HJW

qJW L

��

��


))(,,(

),,(

2/10

~~~ 01

02.

u

RL

HJ

qJ

mmmM

mmmM

��

��

�

Observables #4, #5

))(,,,(

),,(

02/10

~~~ 01

021

uHmAmmM

mmmM

��

��

�


)tan),(,,,(

),,(

02/10

~~~1

02.

��

��

u

RL

HJ

qJ

mAmmM

mmmM

�

Extraction of Model Parameters

Observable Model Parameters

Meffpeak m1/2

MJWend m1/2, mH

MJ��peak m1/2, mH, m0

M��end m1/2, mH, m0, A0

MJ�end m1/2, mH, m0, A0, tan�


��h2


1� Statistical Contour

( Base point : m0 = 360 , m1/2 = 500 , mH = 732 , A0 = 0 , tan� = 40 )

Test of BEST at 7 TeV

DDijet invariant mass distribution for tt in 7 TeV pp collisionswith 1 fb-1. BEST can be applied to the LHC data at 7 TeV.


__

CMS in 2010


The PPC projects help me to define my CMS programs.

My CMS Programs

CMS ProgramDetector Performance

Hadron Calorimeter Commissioning � MET � Monitoring

Physics Objects MET (CMS MET co-Convener) � Jets + MET� Monitoring

Physics Analyses(7 TeV, 100 pb-1)

Early-LHC Analysis Projects (U.S. CMSJets+MET Topology co-Convener, 2007-2010)� Inclusive search using mT2

� Understanding ��, b��, W�� state

� ��

Physics Analyses(10-14 TeV, 10 fb-1)

Excess in Jets+MET Final State � Mass Measurements & Discovery � �


My “2010-11” Plan


1) Work on an inclusive search in Jets + MET using mT2

2) If we see an excess, we could estimate a mass of thedark matter particle assuming this is SUSY.

QCDtt

**�Z

arXiv:0907.2713v1Alan J. Barr and Claire Gwenlan

1) Bs�� 2) Inclusive mT23) MET + jets + X

123

CDMS II


WCU Projects


Tevatron to LHC

http://faculty.physics.tamu.edu/kamon/research/refColliders/LHC/

WWith 42 pb-1 ** fb-1

� W’, Z’� SUSY� Extra Dimension� …

Nature.com

http://faaculty.phy//fa

Teruki Kamon 52

remarkremarkr

efColliders/LHC/

PPC at the LHC

RRemark: PPCInterconnection between Particle Physics and Cosmology

PPC 2011 at CERN, June 14-18PPC 2012 at ???

Teruki Kamon 53

� Developing a technique to test mSUGRA andnon-universal SUGRA at the LHC:a) To measure SUSY masses;b) To determine model parameters;c) To extract �� (amount of the dark matter)

� BEST may be a powerful tool to extract W inall hadronic final state.

� Further expansion to non-SUSY scenarios

� Enjoy with the CMS data!!!

Summary


Documents

Dark Particle Hunters - Physics and Astronomy at TAMUpeople.physics.tamu.edu/kamon/research/talk/2010/...“Transformer” Cube “Standard Model” Cube “PPC” Cube Teruki Kamon1,2)