Strengthening the Vocational Higher Education in Indonesia

Dadet Pramadihanto, PhD

2010

GDP: $ 700 M

GDP/capita $ 3.000 (2012 $ 4200)

GDP: $ 4~4,5 T

GDP/capita $ 14.250-15.500

2025

2045

GDP: $ 15~17,5 T

GDP/capita $ 44.500-49.000

Potential of Economic Growth

(BPS)

59,23%

21,22%

0,96%

0,17%

Daily expences

2009 2025

30%

45%

2%

9,7

< 2 dolar

2-4 dolar

4-10 dolar

10-20 dolar

>20 dolar

13%

(Expectation)

10%

Continuously and inclusive high economic development rate

Economic Growth Rate = 6%

1. Natural Resources Geothermal (no.1 in the world) Coal (no.2 in the world) Tin, Nickel (no. 2 and 4 in the world) Palm Oil, rubber, Cacao (no.1, 2, 2 in the world) Etc.

2. Experience

16.6 15.4

14.2 13,3

11,5-12,5

9.1 8.4 7.9 7.4 7

0

5

10

15

20

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Tingkat Kemiskinan

1,947

2,590 3,000

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

2007 2008 2009 2010 *

GDP/Capita

3. Human Resources

3 Main Capitals of Economic Grpwth

3

In 2012 = $4200 Poverty Rate

Demographics Bonus: .. Is fundamental capital for increasing economic productivity and development of domestic market

Human Resources Capital (Sumber: Menko Perekonomian, 2011)

4

100 Years of Independent

Dependency Ratio decreasing (2010-2040): Productive ages increasing (Demografic Dividen), opportunity to boost

productivity increasing, increasing the prosperity. But, if we fail to manage this opportunity, will become Demographic Disaster.

The keyword is the quality human resources : Education and health.

”Demographics Bonus"

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000

HE

GP

R (

%)

GDP/Capita (USD)

GDP/Capita vs. HE Gross Participation Rate (GPR) (Sumber: WEF, GCI Report 2010-2011, Worl d Bank, BPS, Kemdiknas, Kemkeu)

Indonesia 2010

2015 2025

Indonesia Higher Education Development Target Years 2010 (Ref.) 2015 2025

GDP/Capita (USD) 3.000 5.300 14.000 HE GPR (%) 26,34 33 53 Population (Ages 19-23) 19.844.485 21.269.480 20.218.780 HE Student 5.226.450 7.018.928 10.715.953

Addition of Student Number - 1.792.478 3.697.025 Education Budget (Rp) 225 T 576 T 1.360 T Addition of Budget (Rp) - 351 T 784 T

Shifting Paradigm of the needs of HE No Needs Solution

1 Education with emphesize on skills and know how

Strengthten all level of vocational higer education.

2 Flexible HE services multi entry-multi exit

3 Broader opportunity for all citizen to access HE (equitable)

Scholarship for poor student

4 An increasing in the availability and affordability of HE, widely spreaded and flexible to meet the needs of society.

Development of Community Colleges

5 The importance of research and comunnity services as coherent portion of HE.

Standard process and output of research and community services

6 Efficient and effective quality assurance systems

Tiered and regularity of data for quality assurance.

7 ..... .....

Indonesia Higher Education Systems (as 2012)

Junior High School (3 years)

Sp. 2 Master

Bachelor (4 years)

Senior High School (3 years) or Vocational Senior High School (3 years)

Sp. 1

Doctor 9

8

1

7

6

5

4

3

2

Indonesia Qualification Framework

Bachelor on Appl. Sci.

(4 years) Diploma 3 (3 years) Diploma 2

(2 years) Diploma 1

Master on Appl. Sci.

Doctor on Appl. Sci.

Elementary School (6 years)

Univ. /Inst. Polytechnics Academy Community College Academic Applied

Vocational Higher

Education

JHS

SHS

D1

D2

D3

B

M

Dr

Sp

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Target

Acceleration :

1. HE Gross Partisipation Rate A 2. Quality and Relevance M

No Action Plan Ref. Target

2010 s/d 2015 s/d 2025

A.1 Development of Community College (Unit) 0 269 824

A.2 New Polytechnics (Unit) 54 165

A.3 New University (Unit) 14 44

A.4 Increasing Student Body in Polytechnics - 90.000 275.000

A.5 Increasing Student Body in Univ/Inst - 90.000 275.000

A.6 Increasing Lecturer - 53.000 111.000

M.1 Graduate School in Polytechnics (Unit) 0 10 20

M.2 Research University (Unit) 0 10 20

M.3 Increasing Lecturer with PhD level (%) - 15% 50%

Case Study: Electronics Engineering Institute of

Surabaya (EEPIS)

- D3/D4 Electronics - D3/D4 Telecomm. - D3/D4 Electro-Industry - Master Program (2012) Total: 1470 Students

Electrical Engineering

- D4 Mechatronics - D4 Energy Generation - D4 Appl. Material Sc. (2013) Total: 480 students

Mechanical and Energy Engineering

- D3/D4 Information Eng. - D4 Computer Eng. - Master Program (2012) Total: 750 Students

Information and Computer Engineering

- D3 Media Broadcasting - D4 Game Tech. (2013) - D4 Multimedia Tech. (2013) Total: 180 Students

Creative Multimedia Technology

Education at EEPIS

Student Body 2012 : 2880

Student Body Capacity 2013 : 3840

(+ Game, Multimedia Tech. and Appl.

Material Sc.)

Department

Humanities (12.5%)

Math & Basic

Science (12.5%)

Engineering Science (25%)

(Theory & Practice)

Engineering Technology

(37.5%) (Theory and Practice)

Workshop & Industrial Internship (12.5 %)

Engineering Science and Engineering Technology contents depends on each department

Typical Curricula Framework

Note: D4=Bachelor on Appl. Sc.

Graduate Program (Master on Engineering Technology)

- Device and Sensors - Mobile Comm. Eng. - Power Eng. - Biomedical Eng. - Mechatronics Eng.

Electrical Engineering

- Sig. Vis. & Graph. - Comp. Real-time Sys. - db and Knowledge - Network and Web

Information and Computer Engineering

Electrical Engineering Mechanical and

Energy Engineering Information and

Computer Engineering Creative Multimedia

Technology

2015 2017

2012

60

240

360

480

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2012 2013 2015 2017

Prediction of Student Body

Student Body

2012 Humanities (12.5%)

Engineering Science (25%)

(Theory & Practice)

Engineering Technology

(30%) (Theory and Practice)

Innovation and product oriented research (32.5%)

(Idea, design, engineering, experiment, prototyping)

University-Industry Cooperation at EEPIS

Training, Industrial Internship, Recognition of Prior Learner

Research Center at EEPIS: •Hazard and Disaster •Educational and Agro-industrial Robotics •Smart Devices and Sensors •Ubiquitous Services •Energy and Transportation Technology •Defense Technology •Creative Industry

Community College • Community College is the real contributor on the expansion of oportunity

to obtain HE. Affordable, available in every districs and close to student’s residence.

• Community College very helpful in providing special course training, enhanchment training and education for the aged.

• No significant differences between 4 years education in the University and 2 years in CC + 2 years in University.

• In 2012, Indonesia developed 35 new state Community College, 5 of the under the EEPIS supervision.

• We continuously developed the CC, with the target 269 CC by 2015

Humanities

Math & Basic

Science

Engineering Science

(Theory & Practice)

Engineering Technology

(Theory and Practice)

Workshop & Industrial Internship New Community College and Polytechnics

under the assistance from EEPIS

Recognition of Prior Learner (RPL)

Maximum Recognition

High School + PPL D 2

D I + RPL D 3

D II + RPL D 4

D III + RPL B App. Sc., Sp.

B App. Sc. + RPL SP. , M (App. Sc.)

Bachelor + RPL Sp. , M (App. Sc.)

Recognition based on the experience, autodidact, certification, etc.

Conclusion

• In the presentation explain the following topics: – Strengthen the Quality of human resources in Indonesia

(Indonesia Qualification Framework and new regulation in higher education)

– Development of vocational higher education (Polytechnics and Community College)

– Experience of EEPIS in the development of vocational higher education

• All have been started, needed some time to know the results.

Acknowledgement: Prof. M.Nuh, Prof. Djoko Santoso, Dr. Illah Sailah, Dr. Megawati for permission to use some material in this presentation.