DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGYChapter 1-A Developmental Perspective

“From the womb to the tomb”

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

Developmental Psychology _________________________________________________

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Includes physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes during the life span

What are some of the changes that occur over our lives?? How have you changed?

LIFE CHANGES

PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT Prenatal Period

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Infancy Includes the developmental period from birth to

about age 2 Childhood

Early- preschool years ages 3 through 5 Middle- ________________________

Adolescence Early- ages 12 through14 Middle- ages 15 through 19

PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT

Adulthood Early- 20’s and 30’s

Issues include achieving intimacy, career choices, marriage, and potential parenthood.

Middle-40’s and 50’s Issues include launching children, changing physical

performance, increased freedom, and increased career success

Late-60’s and Over Issues include

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PERSPECTIVES ON DEVELOPMENT Development is Multidimensional

Social Emotional Cognitive Physical

Development is Continuous Both Heredity and Environment influences

development _________vs_____________ Development is Cumulative Development is Variable Development Reflects Gender Differences

PERSPECTIVES ON DEVELOPMENT

Research Methods Videos 1

Research Methods Video 2

Research Methods Video 3

DATA COLLECTION METHODS

Psychologists collect data on development using interviews, case studies, surveys, standardized testing and naturalistic observation

Lets take a minute and look at some surveys and how to collect important data.

Class Polls

DESCRIPTION

_______________ technique for ascertaining the self-reported

attitudes or behaviors of people usually by questioning a representative,

random sample of people (+) inexpensive / reach many people / specific (-) sampling errors / over and under reporting

DESCRIPTION

_________________ observation

technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principals

close examination of published material

DESCRIPTION

Population All the cases in a group, from which samples may

be drawn for a study ______________________

A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion

Representative Sample A sample which accurately represents a population

based on statistics and percentages.

DESCRIPTION

_______________________ observing and recording

behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation

EXPERIMENTATION

Experiment an investigator manipulates one or more factors

(independent variables) to observe their effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable)

by random assignment of participants the experiment controls other relevant factors

EXPERIMENTATION

______________ Procedure both the research participants and the research staff are

ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo

commonly used in drug-evaluation studies _______________

an inert substance or condition that may be administered instead of a presumed active agent, to see if it triggers the effects believed to characterize the active agent

EXPERIMENTATION

Experimental Condition the condition of an experiment that exposes participants

to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable

Control Condition the condition of an experiment that contrasts with the

experimental treatment serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the

treatment

EXPERIMENTATION

__________________________ assigning participants to experimental and control

conditions by chance minimizes pre-existing differences between those

assigned to the different groups

EXPERIMENTATION

_____________ Variable the experimental factor that is manipulated the variable whose effect is being studied

_____________ Variable the experimental factor that may change in response to

manipulations of the independent variable in psychology it is usually a behavior or mental process

EXPERIMENTATION