Current Satellite Perspectives

Therese Jones, SIA

NSMA Spectrum Management Conference

May 14, 2019

Satellite services: broadband, satellite radio, managed services grew 12%, 7%, 7% respectively. Satellite TV, transponder

agreement sales decreased 3%, 4% respectively. Remote sensing imagery decreased 6%.

Ground equipment: network, GNSS grew 17%, 4% respectively. Consumer decreased 1%.

$2.3

$3.9

$11.5

$8.0

$102.4

$17.9

$93.3

$18.1

$13.8

$126.5

$19.5

$125.2

2018 Satellite Industry Indicators Summary

Launch

Industry

($6.2B)

Ground

Equipment*

Satellite

Manufacturing

Satellite

Services

2018 Global Revenues

$277.4B

3%

Growth

2017 − 2018

Satellite Services

$126.5B

-1.7%

Consumer

Fixed

Mobile ($4.1) Remote Sensing Services ($2.1)

U.S.

Non-U.S.

Satellite

Manufacturing

$19.5B

26%

Ground Equipment

$125.2B

5%

Network

Consumer

GNSS

Launch

$6.2B

34%

U.S.

Non-U.S.

2

6% 18%* 10% 7% 3%Growth Rate 5%

Global Satellite Industry Revenues ($ Billions)

$ B

illio

ns

1.7X

Ten-Year

Global Industry

Growth

3%11% 2%

Global Satellite Industry Revenues

Global satellite industry grew 3% in 2018, tracking worldwide

economic growth (3%) and U.S. growth (2.9%)

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*Reported since 2017 and including years beginning with 2012, ground equipment revenues include the entire GNSS segment:

stand-alone navigation devices and GNSS chipsets supporting location-based services in mobile devices, traffic information

systems, aircraft avionics, maritime, surveying, and rail.

3%

$161 $168 $177 $210

$231 $246 $255 $261 $269 $277

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

The Satellite Industry in Context

$360BGlobal Space

Economy

Non-Satellite

Space Industry

$82.5Satellite

Services

$126.5B

Ground Equipment

$125.2B

$277.4BSatellite

Industry

(77% of Space

Economy)

Telecommunications• Television

• Telephone

• Broadband

• Aviation

• Maritime

• Road and Rail

Remote Sensing• Agriculture

• Change Detection

• Disaster Mitigation

• Meteorology

• Resources

• Earth Science

Space Science

National Security

Consumer Equipment• Sat TV, radio, and broadband equipment

• GNSS stand-alone units & in-vehicle systems

• GNSS chipsets (beginning with the 2017 report)

Network

Equipment

• Gateways

• VSATs

• NOCs

• SNG equipment

3%

Growth

2017 − 2018

3%

Growth

2017 − 2018

* Includes government civil and military space spending by 70 countries and international organizations (ESA) using published data.

** Includes commercial cargo missions to ISS and other human spaceflight projects, about $2B

Acronyms: Network operations centers (NOCs), satellite news gathering (SNG), very small aperture terminal (VSAT) equipment,

global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)

4

Government Space

Budgets*

Commercial

Human

Spaceflight**

Satellite Manufacturing

Launch Industry

27%

29%13%

10%

7%

7%5%

6%7%

11%

11%

14%7%

12%

22%

2%7%

Space Observation (<1%)

Non-Profit Communications (<1%)

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The Satellite Network in Context

Operational Satellites

by Function and Mass Class• Estimated as of December 31, 2018

• Number of satellites increased 67% over 5

years (from 1,261 in 2014)» Satellites launched 2014—2018 increased 243%

over previous 5 years

» Average 210/year

» Due mostly to small/very small satellites in

LEO (<1,200 kg)

» Total satellite mass in orbit about 3,300 metric tons

» Average operational lives of larger (mostly

communications) satellites becoming longer,

exceeding 15 years; 272 active satellites launched

before 2003

» 558 active satellites in GEO (27 more than in 2017,

mostly providing communications services)

• 2,100 satellites operated by entities from 68

countries (some in regional consortia) » Cumulatively, organizations from 86 countries have

deployed at least one satellite since 1957

• U.S. entities operate 849 satellites, some in

partnership with other nations

Commercial Communications

Government

Communications

Remote Sensing

Military Surveillance

Total Operational

Satellites

2,100

R&D

Scientific

Navigation

Extra Heavy (7,000+ kg) (1%)

Active

Satellites by

Mass Class

(total mass

~3,300MT)

Nano

(1-10 kg)

Intermediate

(2,500-4,200 kg)

Medium

(1,200-2,500 kg)Micro

(10-200 kg)

Small (600-1,200 kg)

Large

(4,200-5,400 kg)

Mini (200-600 kg)

Heavy (5,400-7,000 kg)

Unknown/Classified

Pico (0.1-1 kg)

Operational Satellites, by Year

Sh

are

of

Op

erat

ion

al S

atel

lites

, by

Ap

plic

atio

nScientific

Military Surveillance

Navigation

R&D/Other

Remote Sensing/

Space Observation

Government

Communications

Commercial/

Non-Profit Communications

Operational Satellites

Nu

mb

er of O

peratio

nal S

atellites

38% 37% 35% 32%28%

14% 14% 19%

11%

10%

16% 17%16%

31%

29%

11% 12%12%

11%

13%

8% 7%7%

6%

7%

8% 8% 6% 5%7%

5% 5% 5% 4% 5%

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

9

Operational GEO Satellites, by Year

Nu

mb

er o

f O

per

atio

nal

GE

O S

atel

lites

448506 520 531

558

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

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Satellites Can Bridge the Digital Divide

FCC Fixed Broadband Availability by Household, 2018

ViaSat 2 Broadband Coverage

HughesNet Gen 5 US Broadband Coverage

Satellites Are There When Disaster Strikes

Residents in Guayama, Puerto Rico, queued for access to the only working phone in the town after Hurricane Maria, a satellite phone at DerkesPharmacy

“Satellite broadband was the only reliable communications system [sic] in the aftermath of the hurricanes and must be fully implemented across the island to build a truly resilient and

connected Puerto Rico.” --Liga de Cooperativas de Puerto Rico

Hand-held terminals, portable Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) antennas, and temporary fixed installations can be rapidly deployed

Public Safety Answering Points Utilize Satellite Phones as Backup

95% of cell sites in Puerto Rico and 77% of cell sites in the Virgin Islands were taken out by Hurricanes Irma and Maria in Fall 2017

Satellites Are There When Disaster Strikes

• Satellites provide vital weather forecasting before disaster strikes

• Satellites image the entire Earth daily at 1m resolution

• Synthetic Aperture Radar can see through clouds/flooding

• Remote sensing companies participate in the International Charter Space and Major Disasters and work with organizations such as Humanitarian OpenStreetMap

Hurricane Florence before (optical) and after (Synthetic Aperture Radar)

Satellite Companies Are Investing Billions in

Innovation

HughesNet Spot Beam Coverage over North America

High Throughput Satellites allow for efficient use of spectrumSatellites will play a large role in 5G due to their global reach, contributing to the Internet of Things/communications on the move, trunking and head-end feed, backhaul and tower feed, and hybrid multiplay

Planned NGSO Constellations Filed with FCC

Purpose Operator/ Satellites Bands

Broadband SES/O3b 8 MEO Ka

Broadband OneWeb 720 LEO Ku, Ka

Broadband Leosat 12 Inclined GSO Ka

Broadband SpaceX 4425 LEO Ku, Ka

Broadband Boeing/SOM 1101 LLC 2956 LEO V, Q

Broadband Boeing 132 LEO V, Q

Broadband Boeing 15 HEO V, Q

Broadband SES/O3b 24 MEO Ka

Broadband SES/O3b 12 Inclined MEO Ka

Broadband SES/O3b 24 MEO V, Q

Broadband OneWeb 1980 LEO V, Q, Ku, Ka

Broadband OneWeb 2560 MEO Ku, Ka, V, Q, E

Broadband SpaceX 7502 VLEO V, Q

Broadband Telesat 117 LEO Ka

Broadband Telesat 117 LEO V, Q

IOT Kepler 140 LEO Ku, Ka

Broadband ViaSat 20 MEO Ka

Broadband, EO Theia 112 LEO Ku, Ka, V, Q

Broadband Space Norway 2 HEO Ku, Ka

Relay Audacy 3 MEO Ka, V, Q

Broadband Karousel 12 Inclined GSO Ku, Ka

21 Constellations

13 Companies

6887Satellites

Ku, Ka

14121Satellites

V, Q

Satellites under contract,

planned to launch in 2018 – 2022

Satellite capacity under contract,

planned to deploy in 2018 – 2022, Gbps

Operators Plan to Deploy Some 30 Tbps

in 2018 - 2022

• Total 48 commercial GEO satellites reported under contract, in various R&D

or construction phases

– 27 conventional w/b satellites, predominantly for video distribution and

broadcasting

– 21 HTS mainly for broadband connectivity

– Expected to deploy in 2018 – 2022

– Total capacity of at least 5,000 Gbps

– More satellite orders anticipated to be announced with similar deployment

timeframe

• Estimated 1,400+ HTS planned for deployment by NGSO prospective

constellation operators

– Focusing on global low latency broadband connectivity

– Potential capacity approaching 25,000 Gbps

• Numbers reflect published plans of satellite operators with satellites under

manufacturing contracts or announced in-house manufacturing plans; no

adjustment made for likelihood of deployment

13

Spire Global

Satellogic

Planet

PlanetiQ

Orbital Micro Systems

Maxar

UrtheCast

21AT/TripleSat

Airbus Intelligence

Axelspace

Capella Space

Chuang. Sat. Tech. Co.

Earth-i

GeoOptics

HawkEye 360

Hera Systems

ICEYE

Kleos

SatByul

Siwei Star Company

ImageSat

Astro Digital

BlackSky Global

SpaceVR

Umbra Lab

Remote Sensing Services

• For many years, global remote

sensing services were offered by

small number of operators

• New competitors and new

partnerships have recently emerged

• Tremendous investment and

innovation driven by interest in

business intelligence products using

satellite imagery and powered by

advances in data analytics and

artificial intelligence (AI)

• Industry maturation

– New systems continue to be

announced

– Certain industry consolidation

through mergers and acquisitions in

2013 – 2017• Operational includes initial deployment through full

capacity

• UrtheCast operates cameras aboard ISS and

acquired assets from Elecnor Deimos, but is also

planning to deploy optical and radar satellites

• exactEarth/Harris features hosted payloads, rather

than dedicated satellites

• Criteria for inclusion are satellites on orbit,

announced funding, signed launch

contract/agreement, or NOAA license

• Acronyms: MS – multispectral, HS – hyperspectral,

RO – radio occultation, RF – radio frequency, AIS

– Automatic Identification System; ADS-B –

automatic dependent surveillance—broadcast

Lar

ge

Sat

sS

mal

l Sat

ellit

es (

<20

0 kg

)

Operational

Planned

Hig

h re

visi

t

(≤1

day)

15 150-2,200

Optical (MS), radar

26 300-1,400Optical, radar

3 350Optical (MS)

9 430-3,085Optical (MS), radar

50 95Optical (MS)

60 55Optical (MS)

60+

TBDRadar

18 20RO

TBD

420Optical (MS)

24

80Optical (MS), video

3+ 13

RO

48

150

RF mapping

18

TBD

Optical (MS)

39 10Optical (MS)

100+ 4-150Optical (MS), video

8 10Optical

25+ 37Optical (HS)

24+

4.5-6RO, AIS, ADS-B

12

4Optical (MS) 2

TBDOptical (MS)

3 280-370Optical (MS)

30 10-20Optical (MS)

Typ

ical

Sat

Mas

s (k

g)

Num

ber o

f

Sat

ellit

es

Sensor Description

Generating

Revenue (GR),

Start-up no/some

revenue (SU)

GR

GR

GR

GR

GR

SU

SU

SU

SU

SU

SU

SU

SU

SU

GR

SU

SU

SU

GR

SU

SU

SU

Add

ed in

201

8

SS

IR

Hig

h R

es (

<1m

)

Radar

RF mapping

Radar

Cou

ntry

CAN

CAN

UK/CN

FR

USA

USA

USA

CN

UK

USA

USA

USA

UK

USA

KR

ARG

USA

USA

CN

IL

USA

FIN

LUX

USA

JP

30

20

75+

SU

SU

SU

TBD

12

TBD

Current Satellite Views

• C-band allocation 3.7-4.2 GHz

– C-band vital to satellite TV and internet capabilities• Satellite signals are much fainter than terrestrial signals, and interference can

be caused from 100s of km

• C-band is resistant to rain, and allows for broad coverage

• Public Safety is dependent on these frequencies

• Uses of band include: connectivity of remote Alaskan villages, supporting missile warning systems and other national defense capabilities, delivering emergency alerts and weather information, and restoring services when terrestrial network is unavailable

– SES, Intelsat, Telesat, Eutelsat propose allocating 200 MHz of spectrum to terrestrial mobile, who reimburse satellite for costs

Current Satellite Issues

• 24 GHz interference with passive microwave sensors

– European threshold 4000x more sensitive than FCC

– Similar issue at 1.675-1.695 GHz

• Smallsat NPRM

– < 10 satellites, either below ISS altitude or have propulsion, deorbit within 5 years

• Orbital Debris Mitigation, Space Situational Awareness, and Space Traffic Management

GOES-15 RFI, Aug 17 2015, Credit: CIMSS/SSEC

Planning for the future

• Satellite industry needs regulatory certainty

– Satellite construction can start 5 years in advance of launch

• Technology neutrality is key

– Satellite already provides broadband service across the US

• Satellite services are reliable, and should be integrated

into disaster relief plans

Satellite Industry Association

1200 18th Street, NW, Suite 1001

Washington, DC 20036

(202) 503-1560

www.sia.org

info@sia.org

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