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CULTIVATION
Reduce compactionReduce thatchSmooth surface
REASONS TO CULTIVATE TURF
Reduce thatch and compaction Improves air exchange Increases roots and MO activity
BENEFITS OF AERIFICATION
Punching holes in the groundCan be done anytime of yearGolf courses do it at least 2x/year
AERIFICATION (ALSO CALLED CORING)
0.25” to 1.0” diameter tines3” penetration
AERIFICATION (ALSO CALLED CORING)
Used to aerify lawnsTakes less timeSpoon tines
ROLLER AERIFIER
Does not penetrate very deep
ROLLER AERIFIER
ROLLER AERIFIER IN ACTION
Most effectiveAction
PISTON AERIFIER
High-maintenance turf
PISTON AERIFIER
Opens soil without removing coreLess disruptive, less effective
SOLID TINES
Increases air exchangeShort term relief
SOLID TINES
Pop core out of the holeCores can be removed (harvested)
HOLLOW TINES
OR, the cores can be left on the surface to work back into thatch layer Increases MO activity to reduce thatch
Brake up cores with a drag mat
HOLLOW TINES
The holes can be left open to gradually fill back in
CORING HOLES
OR, the holes can be filled with sand
CORING HOLES
Penetrates up to 10”Deep tine video
DEEP-TINE AERIFICATION
Solid tines “kick” to loosen soil
DEEP-TINE AERIFICATION
Encourages deep root growthBreaks up compacted layer below 3” depth of standard
DEEP-TINE AERIFICATION
Hollow tines can be more destructive
DEEP-TINE AERIFICATION
10” drill bitsCan fill holes along with aerifying
DEEP-DRILL AERIFIER (FLOYD-MCKAY)
DEEP-DRILL AERIFIER (FLOYD-MCKAY)
DEEP-DRILL AERIFIER (FLOYD-MCKAY)
Firing streams of water 3” to 8” into soil5000 psi, 600 mph
WATER INJECTION AERIFIER
Little disruption to surface and little stress on turfExcellent supplement during high tempsNot a replacement for coring
WATER INJECTION AERIFIER
Injecting columns of sand into greenAerify without coring
DRYJECT
Very little disruptionGreen ready in one hour
DRYJECT
Primary effectiveness is preventing thatch build-upBlades nick soil surface to remove thatchRecommended in spring only
Allow turf to recover
DETHATCHING
Destructive process that pulls up thatch and some crown and roots
Allow 30 days of recovery weather
DETHATCHING
One pass on centipede and St. AugustineMultiple passes on bermuda and zoysia
Rhizomes
DETHATCHING
Fine dethatchers for golf greens
Much less disruptive on closely mowed turf
VERTICUTTING
Pulls out thatchNeeds to be done more frequently
THATCH RAKE
Dethatching blades that do not spinDoes not aerify or dethatch
SPIKING (OR SLICING)
Improves drainageSevers stolons to stimulate lateral growth
SPIKING, OR SLICING
Applying thin layer of soil over turfSand, sand with peat, soil, crumb rubber
TOPDRESSING
Modifies soilReduces thatch
TOPDRESSING
Brush inSmoothes the surface
Greens and athletic fields
TOPDRESSING
Avoid layeringUse same, or coarser texture, soil If layering exists, aerify!
TOPDRESSING
High quality turf: light, frequent applications Sweeping works sand into surface
TOPDRESSING
Lawns can tolerate heavier Lawns can tolerate heavier topdressing and grow topdressing and grow through itthrough it
• Smooth putting surface• Faster greens
ROLLING
