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CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY

INDANG,CAVITE

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

CS: SUPERMARKET

NIKO A. VILLAPANDO

201012046

BS.ARCHITECTURE 2-1

AR. CHRISTINE MARIZ GONZALES

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I. Introduction

A supermarket is a departmentalized self-service retail store offering a

wide variety of food products such as meat, fresh products, dairy, and so forth,

along with various household merchandise consumed regularly; for such are

alcohol, medicine, clothes and a wide range of non-food products. A larger full-

service supermarket combined with a department store is sometimes known as

a hypermarket. Other services offered at some larger full-service supermarkets

may include those of banks, cafs, childcare centers or crches, photoprocessing, video rentals, pharmacies and/or petrol stations.

Architecturally, the supermarket is a large scale emporium of

merchandise that doesn't have to shout to be noticed. It is larger in size and has

a wider selection than a traditional grocery store but is smaller and more limited

in the range of merchandise than a hypermarket or big-box store. Other

advantages include ease of parking and frequently the convenience of

shopping hours that extend far into the evening. Supermarkets usually allocate

large budgets to advertising, typically through newspapers. They also present

elaborate in-store displays of products. The stores are usually part of corporate

chains that own or control, sometimes by franchise, other supermarkets located

nearby, or even transnational; thus, increasing opportunities for economies of

scale.

History

In the early days of retailing, all products had to be fetched by an

assistant from shelves on one side of a counter while the customers stood on the

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other side and pointed to what they wanted. Also, many foods did not come in

the individually wrapped consumer-size packages taken for granted today, so

an assistant had to measure out the precise amount desired by the consumer.

These practices were obviously labor-intensive and therefore quite expensive.

The shopping process was slow, as the number of clerks employed in the store

limited the number of customers who could be attended at one time.

The concept of a self-service grocery store was developed by Clarence

Saunders and his Piggly Wiggly stores. His first store opened in

Memphis, Tennessee in 1916. Saunders was awarded several patents for the

ideas he incorporated into the Piggly Wiggly stores. The stores were a financial

success and Saunders began to offer franchises. A&P was another successful

early chain in Canada and the United States, having become common in North

American cities in the 1920s.

clare

Fig. 102 Piggly Wiggly

Fig. 101 Clarence Saunders

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Fig. 103 inside the Piggly Wiggly

general trend in retail since then has been to stack shelves at night and let

the customers get their own goods and bring them to the front of the store to

pay for them. Although there is a higher risk of shoplifting, the costs of

appropriate security measures will be ideally outweighed by the economies of

scale and reduced labor costs.

According to the Smithsonian Institution, the first true supermarket in the

United States, and the world, was opened by ex-Kroger employee Michael J.

Cullen, on August 4, 1930, in a 6,000 square foot (560 m) former garage inJamaica, Queens, New York. The store, King Kullen, named for King Kong,

operated under the slogan "Pile it high. Sell it low." The main difference between

this store and the Piggly Wiggly stores was that Cullen's store was much larger,

and they stocked national brands of food that were not easily found at

neighborhood markets. The rise of the refrigerator also gave Cullen the idea to

install a parking lot near the supermarket so people could buy large quantities of

food for storage. When Cullen died in 1936, there were 17 stores in operation.

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II. Design Guidelines

A. Parking

In accordance to the National Building Code of the Philippine, Table VII.4.

Division E-2, there should only be one (1) car slot for every 100 sq. meters of

shopping floor area.

B. Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area(TGFA)

Referring to the National Building Code of the Philippines, Table VII.1. the

Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) Based on the Allowed

Percentage of the Site Occupancy (PSO) of the Total Lot Area (TLA);

Intrior

(or rear)

Lot

and

End lot

(see

Fig.VIII.8

.

&VII.5.1

4.

Of Rule

VII)

Inside

(or

regular)

lot

(seeVIII.

9 of

Rule

VIII)

Corner

Lot

See.

Fig.VIII.1

0 of rule

VIII)

Through

lot

seeFig.VI

I. of Rule

VIII)

Corner

throug

h lot

See

Fi.VIII.1

2 of

rule

VIII)

Corner lot

abbuting # or

more

Streets,etc.Rivers,e

tc.

See (fig.VIII.13 of

Rule VIII)

Commerci

al

Groups

B,C,E,H,I

Commerci

al 1

(Com-1)l

5x80% 5x75% 5x8o% 5x8o% 5x9o% 5x9o%

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C. Building Height Limit (BHL)

According to the National Building Code if the Philippines, Table VII.2, the

Building Height Limit (BHL) by Type of use or Occupancy;

Character of Use

or Occupancy

Type of Building

Structure

No. of allowable

storey/floors

above

established grade

Meters above

highest grade

2. Commercial Commercial

(c-1) 3-5 10.00-15.00

D. Setbacks

Referring to the National Building Code of the Philippines, Table VIII.3. the

Allowable setbacks for commercial,industrial,institutional and recreational

buildings;

Road Right-of-

Way(RROW) Width

(meters)

Front(meters)

Side(meters)

Rear(meters)

30.00 & above

25.00 to 29.00

20.00 to 24.00

10.00 to 19.00Below 10.00

8.00

6.00

5.00

5.005.00

5.00

3.00

3.00

2.002.00

5.00

3.00

3.00

2.002.00

E. Sidewalk

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Referring to the National Building Code of the Philippines,Table VIII.G.4

the Range of Required Sidewalk and Planting Strip Widths (total at both sides of

RROW) by RROW width;

Road Right-Of-Way(RROW) Width

Rang of Required Sidewalk Widths(Total at both sides of RROW)

30.00 meters & above

25.00 29.00 meters

20.00 24.00 meters

10.00 19.00 meters

Below 10.00 meters

From 1/6 up to 1/4 of RROW Width





Table VII.G.5 Minimum Planting Strip Widths By RROW Width;

Road Right-Of-Way

(RROW) Width

Total Minimum Widths of Planting Strip

within RROW

(width per sides of RROW)

(meters)

30.00 meters & above

1.20

(0.60)

25.00 29.00 meters

0.60

(0.30)

20.00 24.00 meters

0.60

(0.30)

10.00 19.00 meters

0.40

(0.20)

Below 10.00 meters optional

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Typical Free-Standing Supermarket:

TOTAL STORE AREA = 30,000 SQ. FT.

TOTAL SALES AREA = 22,500 SQ. FT.

TOTAL SERVICE AREA = 7,500 SQ. FT.

TOTAL PARKING AREA = 108,000 SQ. FT.

(RECOMENDED)

TOTAL ANTICIPATED WEEKLY SALES $90 (@ $3 .75 PER SQ. FT OF

SALES AREA) = 590,000.00

TOTALCHECKOUTS (ONE FOR EACH $19,000.00 OF SALES PLUS

ONE 10 FOR EXPANSION) = 10

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EQUIPMENTS:

Good vision arc demands that

top shelf be not over 5 ft. 3 in. high,

permitting an angle of view not more than15 degrees above the horizontal. Easy-to-

reach zone starts at about 15 in. above the

floor, the minimum height for the bottom

shelf. Face of cans or packages should be

as nearly at right angles to eye as practical

cans for bottom shelves are now legible

lying on their side.

SUPER SHELVING(note: shelves may be 13/16 boards.)

TUMBLE DISPLAY END DISPLAY

CUSTOMERS ARE NOT APT TO DISTURBA SYMMETRICAL DISPLAY, so goods

are placed in random.

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CHECK-OUT COUNTER CAKE SHELVES(note: shelves may be plywood)

CAKE SHELVES FRUIT AND VEGETABLE BIN(note: shelves may be plywood)

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Length of "super island" unitsvaries, 9 ft. being the longest in

common use. Distance between shelf

supports varies about a norm of 2 ft. 6

in. Supports should be set back to

permit an appearance of uninterrupted

merchandise.

SUPER SHELVING

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Fig. 104 estimated sketch floor plan of the super market

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Fig. 105

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