The Use of GIS in Geological Research and Exploration in Egypt

Islam El-DeekID # 201004520

CRP 514: Introduction to GIS - Term 111Term Paper Presentation

Outline

O Introduction

O GIS in Egypt

O GIS Application in Geological Research and

Exploration

O A Case Study from Egypt

O Conclusion

O Q & A

CRP 514: Introduction to GIS - Term 111 Term Paper Presentation

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What’s GIS

O A geographic information system (GIS)

integrates hardware, software, and data for

capturing, managing, analyzing, and

displaying all forms of geographically

referenced information.

CRP 514: Introduction to GIS - Term 111 Term Paper Presentation

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http://www.gis.com/content/what-gis

What’s GIS

O GIS allows us to view, understand, question,

interpret, and visualize data in many ways

that reveal relationships, patterns, and

trends in the form of maps, globes, reports,

and charts.

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GIS in Egypt

O First GIS projects: Early 1980s (Ahmed, 2009)

O Egyptian government has drawn on GIS

technology in a number of promising

projects in various disciplines throughout

Egypt

O Information Technology Institute (ITI)

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GIS in Egypt

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Number of GIS Organizations, since ITI was established (Ahmed, 2009)

GIS in Geological Research and Exploration

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Requirements Advantages

Requirements

O (Mazzo, and Burroughs, 2000) defined the 7

main features required of a GIS for regional

geological studies

Requirements

O Have the ability to deal with many different

formats of mappable and non-mappable

data

O Encompass coordinate systems that can be

easily rescaled and transformed

Requirements

O Be able to readily organize large volumes of

information.

A given regional study may be composed of

1000 or more products

Requirements

O Provide a database which stores meaningful

geological information (attributes) for map

features, such as

faults

field closures

geological polygons

Requirements

O Have the ability to digitally overlay and

suture layers of data together into new

graphic and tabular relationships

Requirements

O Have the ability to store metadata

O Have the ability to provide high-quality

graphic output

Advantages

O All spatial information is available for

interpretation in essentially one system.

The GIS database acts as a digital light table,

allowing different layers of information to be

combined to help constrain new

interpretations

Advantages

O New maps can be created from old maps

O Multiple products can be easily “zippered.”

Regional studies covering multiple basins are

often compiled on a geographic or thematic

basis

Advantages

O The capability to develop early correlations

between hydrocarbon occurrence and

mapped geology This correlation helps to better define

hydrocarbon plays, petroleum systems, and

the ultimate quality or potential of basins for

further exploration

Advantages

O The system is self-documenting

loading the data into a standard database

and cataloging layers and maps in a standard

archival structure results in a largely

documented study by the end of a project

Advantages

O ) Projects are completed at a reduced cost

compared to more traditional methods

the cost of a regional study completed using

GIS methodology will be 80% of the cost of

completing the same study by conventional

methods

Case Study

O Monitoring some environmental impacts of

oil industry on coastal zone using different

remotely sensed data

Study Area

Materials and Methodology

O Satellite imagery data

O Ground geophysical survey

O Water and soil sampling and analyses

Surface water samples

Groundwater samples

Soil samples

El ti       f th   t d  

Lithology map of the study area (EGPC/CONOCO-Coral, 1987)

Change in water body including sabkha boundary in the study area through

Conclusion

O This study applied different remotely sensed

data, with the field investigations and

measurements in a GIS environment

O the investigations proved that there has

been a detectable negative impact on the

groundwater quality

Conclusion

O The applied methodology and techniques

proved the feasibility of using different

remotely sensed data, field investigations

and measurements in a GIS environment for

pollution monitoring and environmental

management