Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide

8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide

1/52

Critical ReasoningStrategy Guide

(WithCR Birds Eye View)

By Veera Karthik Gonagundla(GMAT: 710)

This is prepared based on the LSAT LR Bible; Sandeep Guptas freely

distributed material and many other online resources and books. This book is

not for sale and is prepared only with an intention to enable a student revise all

the concepts related to Critical Reasoning.

This book also contains CR Birds Eye View prepared by Veera Karthik

Gonagundla, a diagrammatic representation for all the strategies to all the

question types.

??

500 LR B, 1000

O50 ?


2/52

C C

F ,

. H, ; , . Y , ,

. A , .

I ,

( ).

GMAT ( S) ( F).

U .

A : (T CR B. B I ).

1. C ( U )

2. R

3. R

4. P ...

5. R 5 ,

.

A :A , .

M . T LSAT . M , , GMAT .

F, : ?

Y . A .

F .


3/52

R .

B , A S:

A A 3 , F, C B I.

F:P, S, C, C, E, S, D,E, P, P

C:P, P, C, V P, O, C C B I:N P. T

S . N C. T .

A F GMAT : .

F

. W , .

S , , .

A :

A , ,

T , , W ?

W I ? W ?

A :A

T , , W ? W ? W ?

B , .

A .

A .


4/52

A .

I C I

T ,

.

I , . I , . A P. A .

T , , .

I ,

.

F:

T, S ......, C.

E: T, , I .

A I:

S .

T :

A P IFM

BI

W


5/52

T , .

E: M, I P J .

C I:

C ,

.

C, ,

.

C IB YH O A I

A E S W

I DA

C I :F I

T

() ().U . O , . I ,

. I , . C .

C A:

S .C . I , , ( ).

I , . T ( ) , .

T, .

O ,

, . T

.


6/52

A C C:O . T

.

:W . T ,

, , ?

L R

.Y ,

, .

A A:T ,

? D ? O

?H ? W ,

: D ?

T ?

A . F ,

: A . A . T, .

E , .

T . T

.

N . T

.

I A:

I , . T,

, .

I ,

. A .


7/52

T : ( , ) .I , , ,

. A , .

W ?

W ?

T

.

W .

O GMAT .

O GMAT

.

I I

:A , .

L C:

T ""

"!" S GMAT . A

, , NOT .C CT ( ) . T GMAT

:S, T, T, T, C, C, A , F , T

, T .


8/52

CT GMAT :S, T , B, F ( )

CO CR ,

:S , M , S , E .

CT, , . T , (

). S :

B, H, N, E, , D , R, Y.W , . ( A/S )

A C:

Y .

L E L R GMAT :

1. M B T/M S2. M P3. P I

4. A5. J C6. S/S7. R P

8. W9. M R10. F R11. P R

12. E A13. C B T

1. B /

T M B T. M B T .

I , ?

W ?


9/52

2.

M P M B T . A , M P .

Q :

T

3. I

P I

, .Q :

L M

4. A

T . Q

:

W ?

5. J C

J C ,

, . Q :

W , ,

?

6. /

T . Q :

W , , ?

W , , ?

7.

E R P .

Y . Q :

W , ,

?


10/52

8.

W . Q :

W , , ?

9.

M R , , . Q :

W ?

10.F

F R , , . Q :

T

11.

P R . Q :W

?

12.E A

W E A . Q :

T

?

13.C B

C B T . Q :I , CANNOT ?


11/52

F #1, M B P F, :

(1) M B T

(2) M P(3) P I(9) M R(10) F R

(11) P RF #2, H F, :

(4) A

(5) J C

(6) S/S(7) R P

F #3, H F, :(8) W

F #4, D F, :

(13) C B T

T :1.

T ( ) ,

( ) .

2. T ( )

( , W

M B T?).


12/52

F F

T F Q F

.

W , . A, ,

, .

B ( ),

.

Y .

T , , ... ( ). I

.

T F Q F:

1. Y .

2. A

.

F

T S Q F .

Y , .A , ( ).

W , ,... ( ). B , .

O , ,

. W , ?


13/52

T S Q F:1. T . T

, , .

2. T ,

. Y .

F

A . I , .

1. T . T , .

2. T , . Y

.

F F

U

.I ;

.

F F Q F, :1. Y

.

2. A . T

.

E A .

I ,

. F, . E ,

. S, , .


14/52

O , ; . N,

.

E L

B , . L, .

W ,

. T, W EXCEPT , ( ).

S X: S .M T X: C

R X: D .

T (, ).

A ,

.

I , ,

. I, .A , (, , , .)

. T, .

NOT EXCEPT LEAST.

P A:P .

S , , .S .

A . P

.


15/52

C A U.

E

. E .

R: ; , .

T .

E GA : .

R , . I , .

#1:D .

#2:I ,

. I , .

#3:I , .

#4:R . D !

#5:C . D .

#6:P: ,

.

#7:A .

#8:S C L. A , C .

#9: I L,

.

A , :


16/52

T F . N .

T S F

. I .

T T F .

I .

T F F

. N .

B , .

C # B

T .

F :T M B T .D ( ).

1. T ,

:

I ...T , ...I ...

T F F .

2. T , :

... ?... ?

... ?W ...

R, .

T R C M B T.T , , . T . B

M B T.


17/52

B , .

T .

I M B T S H,

.

W , , . W .

A , , , ,, , , , , .

R . E , ,

.

M , 2 :

A: P A . PA .

C A: A .

I :

C A:B M B T, .

E A:

T , .

N I A:E .

E .

T S G:A ,

, .

T O :H .


18/52

T :T R A , , .

S G , ,

. T .

W , M B T

.

W , , .

T

.

C #

E ,

.A .

E

R

I :

A A

T M /C I S . B

, I M P .

A M Q.

M P Q , .L .

A . T . N ; M P ( M P

M B T ).


19/52

T , .F B M P .

C # :

W .

1. T . B

, , . I , , .O

.2. F . A W

. T ,

.3. T . T , .

4. W . B

.

5. T , . U M B T , W . J

. Y .

M W .W :

W U

C A .

P: O .

C: T , .

I, . I , . S ,

.


20/52

A .T .

I .

A , .

C S:1. I I. T ,

. T .

2. I C. T .3. Q C. T .

I A :

1. O : I

.2. S G : S G

, .

3. O

N .

I , .

S (S).

D

.

R, , .

O . T GMAT , . T . N

GMAT.


21/52

W C R:T , .T

.C # C E R

C . T C

E. C .T C .

D C C

1. C: T C

C. S , .

2. C : T , .

3. T L .

I , .I , ,

( , ).

S E C:

1. O W , .

E: E . H, .

2. T ( )

W , . W , , .


22/52

C A C CM GMAT ; .W GMAT ,

.

H C C:

A W :

A. F

B. S , C. S ,

D. S E. S

. I , .

D

.

T .

A GMAT . R

.

M : ;

; ; ; .

D , ? R .

C # , J C & A

T F Q.

1. T .2.

F . A .

3. T . T , .

4. T .

5. T , .


23/52

D S, J A Q

S . T ,

. S , , 1% 100%, .

J C . C S , J 100% ;

.L , J C

.

A . A

. A .

H A:

1. I !2. P .3. L . I

, . C

.

M S . T , .

4.

A .

5. R . T .

I :1. O .2. S G

3. O

P .

C

B S W , W . I S , :

A. E .

B. S ,

C. S ,


24/52

D. E

E. S ,

J C:

T .P + A C = C

T J C . T J :A (C) C ()

T .

M J ,

.M J C :

1. T . B J

, .2. T

.3. T . 100% J .

I C.T, S . R, S

1% 100%. A J C 100%.

S J Q :1. A .

2. E .

3. E .

I , : .( U ) ( I )

E: P: E M .C: J .

T J M.


25/52

A :

A ; , .

Y

. T .

J J , .

C ()A (T)

T ,

.A .

A :1.T , , .

P .

2.T .

/D A :

T S , , .D

.

S . D .

T , .

I A

, D .

S A: T .D A: T

. I , .E ,

. B ( ) .


26/52

A :

A N T C

.

1. L .2. T .

3.

C(V)A (T)I , . T , .

A (T) //C (V)

W () .

:

N .

T , .

I .T :

I .

T :I .

L O A => N

L O S => N

A => N E => N

S => S => N

T S: S

.

T , .

AB => A B M : A B ( )

W => M

A .

T , , . I A . A, , ,


27/52

.

T A

.P: AB C ; C: AD ; A: CD

I A ,

.

I A , . I ,

.

A C:W GMAT ,

.

A S

. T A :

A. E

B. S ,

C. S , D. E E. S ,

C # :

R P

: .

S :B , R P

:1. N 2.

L ; : B, H, S, ,, , .

Q :1. Y

.

2. K :


28/52

A R PE DR C

CP

Y ;

.

A R X

. T , , , .

A R .

B ,

.I ,

. T .

I , . C,

,

.

R,

.

M . T . T

?

Y .

I A C:1. E .2. S .

C .


29/52

C # :

I .F:

1. Y

.

2.

A .

M R , . T ,

.

F : I ,

.

A .I ,

.

W .

I :1. N .

2. H , H

3.

E 4. O 5. R

A

A P (AP) M R . IMAP ,

.

B ,

.

MAP

. I , .O MAP

.


30/52

C # F :

F R M R .

T .

1. I

I , .

2. I

C :1. U ( )

2.

S A: I , .3. C R: R .4. E C R:

,

W M N M R,

5. M C E: A

. A . F ,

. F

.6. S M: T

, .

7. G L :

.

8. I C: S9. A F: ( A : U

. A P : A

. A : . )

10.S E: T LSAT ,

, . H, :T , S , .

11.E /O:

, .


31/52

12.E D: A () .

13.F A: U .

14.F : A ( ) .

15.

E : . L . . L

. . S . T ; . . S

. T ;

.16.T : A ;

C, .

17.N : I .

S :

Q .I

T : , . D

! T , .

C # :

P R . T

.

T .

W P R , P F .T . N ,

.

T (S ) .I,

: , , , .


32/52

A , . Y

, .

T :T

T U :

1. T M R

2. T 3. T

4. T : P 5. T : , , , , , S

, S ;: A = .

6. M ( )

W , . S .

M .

I ,

,

.

T ,

, , . T, .

C # :

S .

M #1: I .M #2: D .M #3: I .

M #4: D .M #5: L , .M #6: L ,

.

W :A Q

S TC T


33/52

W :P PF RI L

P SS

U M B T :

1. I , .2. I ,

.3. I ,

, , .

:T ,

() ?

M . M

() . R , 100%.

C # E :

I

. B , , ,

, . P ,

.

S .

: F , , . I , .

I , 0% 100% . A

. C .

T : Y N; 0 100; ; C .

I ,

.


34/52

T E A , V T TM . I ,

. I , .

T V T C ( ) ( ).

C # C :

I C B T .

A .T

.

W Q: A C : S

F , C B T :1. P O M B T Q2. R W Q

Y , .

Y .C B T . T .

T : S

; S ; .

R, C B T ,

.

I , , :

T , .

T, C B T , .


35/52

C # I

P , . T

, .

I I :

T .

E F : W , . A .D A D : O, , .

T . R,

.T V O : A .

A/D :T

I . T . , I, . I , .

C # :

A

. F , S . A

,

.

P (PR) . F , S P

(SPR), J P (JPR), C B TP (CPR), . I ,

P .

F MPR . F SPR .

T . A P

P .

S ( ), P . T


36/52

, .

B

, . H, , .

U . T

; .

C PR . T .

W :

1. I ,

.A .T R .

2. I ,

.A

. T .3. I , ( M N).

4. I , ( M R).

/J :

I , . F,

. W ,

. T, , , I , ?

W P ,

. T


37/52


38/52

I C: I . C / / .

T

. I , .

G . A .

:W . S .

FC OR F R

BE:

A

Q

S T

C

T

:

P

P

F

R

I

L

P

S

S

, . M . T

() .A ()

, .H, ,

( , ).

S, .

T 100%.

:W . W

.FC OR FR


39/52

: O () P .

F1 F2

A A: ID C, N C . T

A: F . B A .

F A: T . F. B A .

A: S (100%) (< 100%).

E A: P . I 2 O , .

C S T

C E I A B, 2 :C B OR B A

B E C.

T A .

:

T O .U

A , C C I B

B W ,

T A WHAT C

T A WHY C / P()

I CR A, A PREMISE 100% TRUE; , , ; CONCLUSION ,.

P + A = CF C : S, R, U L


40/52

A ' , . T .M GMAT A

.

B 15 . (N , , B ' .) B .

(A )B 15 . (E B' .)B . (A ; T

)

I (I ), THEREFORE .

[I ; THEREFORE, F C

P + IC FCA A , , D P

( , ).

:(R S G, GMAT)

B:

F F/C. T .

C . A J; O, S, V, I, B, P, W, F, C,

S, P, H, P, S, P, M P, G (), C, C, T P, .

S : F, E, P, P, S, D,

I, R, C, P, E, J, S,C, R, L R, G ( ),J , O, S, E, F, P,I, R, T A, .

I B X Y X P Y C.

C :

U . A . CONCLUSION BECAUSE A:N .

S F W C/A/RW . B .


41/52

F ; C / / (A )

W . W

.

:S .

S P.F R; C / / () .

A , .

F:E (B ) W .

A P C.

T . N .A F: A .

W A, Q, S, T, C, T

W % P, P, F, R, I, L,P, S, S I E R Q, ( )

. R (, ). T :B#1: F (W )

B#2: E R (T )B#3: I (W )

E:

B . S /.V Y/N ( )I C; T .T E T: O

.

Q .

A C T (ACT)/ A N T (ANT): I

N I , .

F V: CONCLUSION BECAUSE ASSUMPTION F


42/52

T A .N , " ," .

W A C: P B, C R, O,O S, R L (

)


43/52

C

B E

K G

I:

: A

: A

: (A )

.

: C

:


44/52

1.

2.

L

E

I /

G

A

A

A

C A

E C

B C

C

;

;

E ;


45/52

3.

4. &

C: C

C .

A /

.

: I I,

I , C

&

; C C

& E; F C; E , C ,

,

.

A; G A; A; ;

; ;

C

C

,

C 1% 100%


46/52

5.

, , ;

C: E C, E

C , E, E

, D

A

G

. + A C = C

A (C) C ()

100% J .

A:

1. A

.

2. E

.3.

E .

( ) ( I )


47/52

6.

A ,

, .

A

? C ()A ()

A :A (F) C (I)

, , . ( ). L

.

. E

.

.

.

A


48/52


49/52

9.

10.

F

F

I

C F:

; A A; C

; E C ; C E; ; G L

; I C; A F:

A , A , A

; E; E

/; E D;

F A; F ; E ;

; .

A

, . , .


50/52

I .

( ) .I, :

, , , .

:

:

1.

2. 3. 4. : 5. : , , , ,

, , ; : A = .

6.

( )

D . .D

D


51/52

11.

12.

1. I , .2. I ,

.

3. I , ,

, .

#1: I

. #2: D

. #3: I

. #4: D . #5: L

, .

#6: L , .

I , .

F ,

, .


52/52

13.

.

F A .

D D

I 2 A/D ,

.

/

I .

. , I

, .

Documents

Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide