40
Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

  • Upload
    shalin

  • View
    22

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training. Objectives. After training, participants will be able to: Identify the key concepts of disaster anniversaries. Describe individual and community reactions. Apply individual and community intervention strategies. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Citation preview

Page 1: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program

Disaster Anniversary Training

Page 2: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Objectives

After training, participants will be able to: • Identify the key concepts of disaster anniversaries.• Describe individual and community reactions.• Apply individual and community intervention

strategies.• Identify at-risk populations and intervention

strategies.

Page 3: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Objectives (cont.)

After training, participants will be able to (cont.): • Identify ways to partner with the community.• Recognize the importance of culturally competent

strategies.• Apply strategies for managing their own stress.• Organize and implement a plan for media

messaging.

Page 4: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Table of Contents

• Section 1—Disaster Anniversaries• Section 2—Disaster Anniversary Reactions• Section 3—Intervention Strategies• Section 4—Partnering with the Community• Section 5—Stress Management• Section 6—Media Messaging and Risk

Communications

Page 5: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Section 1—Disaster Anniversaries

• Key Concepts • Typical Phases of Disaster

Page 6: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Key Concepts

Disaster anniversaries are a time to:• Take stock of the accomplishments of the CCP.• Reassess the needs of the community.• Enhance and strengthen connections with

community stakeholders.• Continue creating educational materials and

community partnerships that promote resilience and leave a legacy.

Page 7: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Typical Phases of Disaster

Adapted from the Center for Mental Health Services, 2000.

EmotionalHighs

EmotionalLows

Setback

Page 8: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Section 2—Disaster Anniversary Reactions

• Key Concepts• Anniversary Triggers• Individual Reactions• Community Reactions

Page 9: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Key Concepts

• While every disaster is different, there are some disaster reactions, related to the anniversary, that can be anticipated.

• As the disaster anniversary approaches, there may be an increase in the distressing reactions of some survivors.

• There will be a need for updated educational materials and media messages related to the disaster anniversary.

Page 10: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Key Concepts (cont.)

• Anniversaries are a time to mourn losses associated with the disaster.

• Anniversaries are a time to reflect.• Anniversaries allow individuals and communities to

benchmark resilience and healing.• Each community may perceive the anniversary

differently.• Each community will decide how it will observe the

anniversary.

Page 11: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Anniversary Triggers

• Disaster anniversaries often trigger reactions in survivors.

• Typical triggers include:– Media accounts of the anniversary.– Seasonal changes that remind survivors of the disaster.– Personal events, such as birthdays, that correspond with

the disaster anniversary.– Personal losses associated with the disaster, including

loved ones, pets, and property.

Page 12: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Anniversary Triggers (cont.)

Triggers:• May increase in frequency around the time of the

disaster anniversary.• Can occur unexpectedly.• Are unique to each person.• May not be easily recognized.• Can ebb and flow.• Tend to occur more often when stress is present.

Page 13: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Individual Reactions

• Thoughts, feelings, dreams, and memories associated with the event

• Grief and sadness• Fear and anxiety• Frustration, anger, and guilt

Page 14: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Individual Reactions (cont.)

• Avoidance• Remembrance• Reflection• Restlessness• Complicated bereavement• Gallows humor

Page 15: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Individual Reactions (cont.)• Increased readiness and desire for group crisis

counseling among survivors.• Deepened anxiety or depression, acting as

limitations, as the new reality of life after disaster sets in.

• While every disaster is different, there are some anniversary reactions that can be anticipated:– Anger around the limits of governmental assistance and

insurance (e.g., “the system,” “red tape”)– Increased substance use– Evolution of unaddressed trauma into diagnosable

conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder or depression

– Stress from financial hardship as resources run out

Page 16: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Community Reactions

• Increased number of preparedness activities• Resurgence of media and political attention• Community solidarity or discord• Increased demand for CCP services because the

anniversary is triggering reactions

Page 17: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Section 3—Intervention Strategies

• Intervention Strategies for Individuals• Intervention Strategies for the

Community• Intervention Strategies for Special

Populations

Page 18: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Intervention Strategies for Individuals

• Educate survivors about common reactions.• Acknowledge and discuss unresolved issues and

feelings.• Explain how the anniversary can be an opportunity

for healing.• Help survivors reflect on life changes.• Use the anniversary as a catalyst to engage

survivors in practical problem solving.• Provide educational materials for survivors.

Page 19: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Intervention Strategies for the Community

• Plan for increased demand for services.• Schedule more frequent staff meetings to engage in

anniversary planning, and provide staff support.• Participate in community gatherings and rituals by

maintaining a compassionate presence at these events.

• Prepare press kits and media messaging.• Create a calendar of events for staff, survivors, and

media.

Page 20: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

• Reestablish contact with community groups and leaders.

• Prepare and distribute public educational materials that address anniversary reactions and triggers.

• Increase distribution of informational materials to community groups and partners.

• Ensure that the helpline has added capacity.

Intervention Strategies for the Community (cont.)

Page 21: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Intervention Strategies for Special PopulationsChildren and youth:• Anticipate reminders, and help children recognize

and cope with them.• Let children acknowledge the anniversary in their

own way.• Be honest with children about adult reactions and

concerns.• Limit exposure to traumatic images in the media.• Provide opportunities for children to make positive

differences in their lives and communities.• Discuss concerns about children with teachers and

other support professionals.

Page 22: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Intervention Strategies for Special Populations (cont.)Other populations:• Target materials for identified special populations in

the community.• Educate caregivers on anniversary reactions.• Encourage and facilitate participation in community

anniversary events.

Page 23: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Section 4—Partnering with the Community

• Typical Partners• Community Partnerships• Cultural Competence Strategies

Page 24: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Typical Partners

Page 25: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Community Partnerships

Engage new and existing partners to assist with the following community intervention strategies:• Take part in community-planned rituals.• Help survivors take control and plan events.• Help survivors put feelings into artifacts.• Encourage survivors to reinvest in the community.

Page 26: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Community Partnerships (cont.)

Engage new and existing partners to assist with the following community intervention strategies: • Help survivors develop new goals.• Strategize around media messaging.• Add capacity to the helpline.• Ensure that cultural

diversity issues are addressed.

Page 27: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Cultural Competence Strategies• Recognize the importance of culture, and respect

diversity.• Recognize the role of help-seeking, customs,

traditions, and support networks.• Communicate with cultural brokers, especially in

relation to anniversary reactions and rituals.

Page 28: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Cultural Competence Strategies (cont.)

• Update the program profile of the cultural composition of the community.

• Ensure that services are accessible, appropriate, and equitable.

• Reassess and reevaluate the cultural competence of programming and staff.

• Ensure that educational and informational materials are culturally competent.

Page 29: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Section 5—Stress Management

• Stress Management for Staff• Definition of Stress• Typical Stressors for Crisis Counselors• Warning Signs of Excessive Stress• Organizational Approaches to Stress

Management• Individual Approaches to Stress

Management

Page 30: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Stress Management for Staff

• Staff members may be survivors themselves.• Everyone who experiences a disaster is affected by

it in some way.• Stress reactions are likely to increase for staff and

community partners:– Staff have been dealing with the disaster aftermath for a

long period of time.– Staff may be overworked.

Page 31: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Definition of Stress

• Stress is a response to a challenge or threat.• Stress is tension, strain, or pressure that requires

people to use, adapt, or develop new coping skills.• Stress can be positive or negative.• Perception plays a key role in interpreting stressful

situations.• An optimum level of stress can act as a motivational

force.

Page 32: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Typical Stressors for Crisis Counselors

• Repeatedly hearing survivors’ stories• Approaching survivors who may reject your help• Feeling overwhelmed by the sadness of others• Feeling helpless to alleviate the pain of others• Experiencing trigger events• Experiencing anniversary reactions• Working long hours• Personal experience with the disaster

Page 33: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Warning Signs of Excessive Stress

• You cannot shake distressing images from your mind.

• Work consumes you at the expense of family and friends.

• You experience an increase in substance use or abuse.

• You are excessively irritable and impatient.• You exhibit other serious or severe reactions.

Page 34: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Organizational Approaches to Stress Management

• A clearly defined management and supervision structure

• Clearly defined purpose and goals that are articulated frequently

• Functionally defined roles that are reinforced through effective supervision

• Sound clinical consultation, support, and supervision• Supportive peer relationships• An active stress management program• A comprehensive training plan

Page 35: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Individual Approaches to Stress Management

• Self-awareness• Management of workload• Balanced lifestyle• Stress reduction techniques• Effective supervision and training• Participation in rituals

Activity:• Update your personal stress management plan.

Page 36: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Section 6—Media Messaging and Risk Communications

• Reassessing the Media Plan • Developing Talking Points• Reconnecting with Media Partners

Page 37: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Reassessing the Media Plan

Convene a meeting of the CCP leadership and other partners to:• Identify spokespeople with expertise in the field of

disaster behavioral health and experience in dealing with the media.

• Develop simple talking points that reflect the goals and services of the CCP

• Develop a press kit with information on the CCP and materials related to disaster anniversary issues.

Page 38: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Developing Talking Points

Important things to consider when developing talking points:• Services remain available through the CCP.• The CCP provides information on typical disaster

anniversary reactions.• The CCP emphasizes resilience and hope.• Cultural diversity is respected.• If appropriate, and while maintaining confidentiality,

highlight stories of people who have been helped by the CCP.

Page 39: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

Reconnecting with Media Partners

Using pre-identified spokespeople:• Promote a shared understanding of the anniversary

message.• Deliver a clear message regarding anniversary

issues and the CCP.• Promote the services of the CCP, such as the

helpline, ongoing individual and group crisis counseling, public education, and assessment and referral.

• Share information on typical disaster anniversary reactions and important talking points.

Page 40: Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program Disaster Anniversary Training

SAMHSA Disaster Technical Assistance CenterSAMHSA DTAC supports SAMHSA’s efforts to prepare States, Territories, and local entities to deliver an effective behavioral health response during disasters.

Toll-Free: 1-800-308-3515E-Mail: [email protected]: www.mentalhealth.samhsa.gov/dtac