CPT 499 Internet Skills for Educators Overview of the Internet Session One

CPT 499 Internet Skills for Educators

Overview of the InternetSession One

Objectives

Describe the Internet and its history; and explain how to access the Internet

Describe the WWW in context of hypertext and hypermedia

Distinguish between a Web server and a Web client

Objectives

Distinguish between HTTP and HTML

Use a browser to access the WWWDefine a URL and give specific

examplesDescribe how to enter a URL

address in a browser

Objectives

Define a hyperlinkExplain why hyperlinks within a

document appear in two different colors

Describe the various buttons on a browser

Explain how to create a bookmark


A network can be considered to be any two computers connected so that they can exchange information between each other


A network can be made up of many computers that are all able to exchange information with one another

As long as a way exists to connect computers so they can exchange information a network exists


Not only can computers be connected to make up a network, but networks can also be connected together through the use of bridges or gateways which allow networks to exchange information thus creating a network of networks


The Internet is a network of networks

It is a giant network made up of smaller networks


The internet is a network of networks that connects computers across the country and around the world


In the United States, the government sponsored NSFnet (National Science Foundation network) provides a major backbone for the Internet by using major long-distance telephone carriers


The important thing to note is that any given computer is capable of exchanging information with any other computer that is connected to the Internet

Internet connections are based on some variation of the client/server relationship


This relationship works due to three major components:Telecommunications Connection - your computer (client) will be connected to the server via telecommunications hardware and software setup


Server - a program that offers a service - computers on the Internet run servers to offer services - a user invokes a client program on their computer; the client contacts a server on a remote computer


Client - a requesting program that uses the Internet to contact a remote server


The Internet is an instantaneous communications channel that allows two or more computers, people, etc. to exchange information, ideas, or anything else that can be sent electronically


Primary capabilities are information retrieval and worldwide communication

Three Basic characteristics Immediacy, Two-way nature, and Global nature of medium


Begun in 1969 to test the feasibility of a wide area computer network (WAN) over which people could share data and messages


Grew out of DOD experiment

No central authority

Each computer attached to the network (node) is equal to all others


Originally known as ARPAnet which consisted of four computers

Today the Internet includes millions of computers worldwide

Brings a worldwide library of on-line information resources concerning a myriad of topics to anyone who has connectivity to the Internet


Some common Internet services Electronic mail Telnet Anonymous FTP WAIS

Newsgroups IRC WWW


An Internet service is the exchange of a common type of information between application programs running somewhere on the Internet

Electronic mail [e-mail] is an Internet service


When two or more e-mail applications pass messages between themselves on the Internet, this is knows as the Internet electronic mail service


The particular mail applications themselves are Internet applications, not an Internet service

Internet applications can be running on different platforms yet use the same Internet service


E-mail is one of the most commonly used Internet service

Allows users to exchange electronic messages

Most e-mail application programs generate mail messages in a standard format


1991 Introduction of WWW WWW subset of Internet Documents are either hypertext or hypermedia


Hypertext documents contain embedded links to other documents

Hypermedia documents contain embedded links to graphic, sound, and vides as well as text


Data travels from a client to server and back through a protocol known as the HyperText Transfer Protocol (http)


The address (location) of a document is known as a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

The URL is the primary means of navigating the WWW


The URL consists of several parts http://www.netscape.com/vt/usa.html

http:// represents the means of access

www.netscape.com represents the Web site


vt represents the pathusa.html represents the documentThe URL can be read from right to

left


Gopher Menu-based service for finding

resources on the Internet

FTP

File Transfer Protocol governs how computers exchange files

A protocol is a set of rules by which computers interact


Chat Rooms Means of instantly communicating with

people all over the world by using chat program

Allow user to send messages to everyone else who is logged into the same channel at the same time

A channel is similar to a global conference call


Offline subscription service Subscription to mailing lists Usenet NewsgroupsNewsAllows user to subscribe to one or many

discussion groups

Web Publishing