Course 10th

Economy and demographics

From emerging to industrialized countries

Demographics

Critical thinking p.152 # 1, 2, 3, 5(10 min. in team, one sheet per team)

Optimum vs Maximum human pop. Technology: a solution or a temporary 'fix' Class struggles? Slowing or accelerating growth?

How the demographics impact the wealth of a country

Reducing birth rate allow more resource to raise children

Parents put more energy to get the children higher education

A higher rate of active population (lower dependency rate) generates more work

Total GDP (interior production)

GDP per capita

Demographic impact

Source: Images from http://populationpyramid.net/, produced using data from:Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision

Demographic impact

Demographic impact

How does socioeconomical factors are linked to environment?

Development needs resources!

Supply and demand

From wikimedia.org

Examples

Oil demand has raised continuously over the past years

Why?

Supply and demand illustration

WTI: Western Texas Intermediate Brent: North Sea (Europe)

Weekly price of WTI and Brent in dollars per barrel, Jan 5, 2001 to Feb 22, 2011. Historical data from EIA; Feb 22 values from Oil-Price.net.

?

Oil price fluctuations

http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article1375.html

Environmental impact

Extraction and transformation of resources impact the environment: Alberta Tar Sands

Photograph by Peter Essick; http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2009/03/canadian-oil-sands/kunzig-text

Alberta Tar sands

Since the cost of isolating the oil from the sand, the industry was low from 1960 to the end of the 1990s

Surge from the 2000s brought the industry to a fast forward development

Effect on the economy

Real Gross Domestic Product, per capita, by region,(Ottawa: Human Resources and Skills Development Canada, 2006)http://ecommunity.pwsd76.ab.ca/file.php/863/moddata/resource/17718/ss_09/m4/s2/ss09_m4_s2_l01_p2.html

Extraction oil from the sand

Sam Abuelsamid, http://green.autoblog.com/2007/01/27/shell-plans-to-quadruple-canadian-oil-sands-production/

Extracting oil from the sand

Division of Energy & Fuels - American Chemical Societyhttp://www.ems.psu.edu/~pisupati/ACSOutreach/Oil_Sands.html

Effects on the environment Contaminated water used in the extraction process is released

in the Athabasca River

Source: Environment Canada: http://www.ec.gc.ca/doc/publications/pollution/COM1396/index-eng.htm

Causes and consequences

Demographic growth Economic growth Demand on a resource Raise of the prices New supplies of resources available Technological novelty Positive or negative impact on the

environment

Activity

Can gold mining can be influenced by similar tendencies?

What creates a demand? How the gold price might change? How the industry will react? How will it eventually impact the

environment?

Activity Can you find another resource that might be

influenced through the international market? What is the resource? Who are the main producers ? Who are the main consumers ? What are the events that drove the prices up

or down? What were the environmental impact of such

prices fluctuations? How the resource exploitation might impact

the environment?