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Very Low Head (VLH) TurbineOWA 11th Annual Power of Water

ConferenceOctober 2011

Coastal hydropower Corp.

Commercialization of low-head turbine deployment and open-flow water turbine technologies in rivers, canals and ocean current regimes

Expertise and investment capital for rapid commercial turbine deployment

2 years of low-head turbine deployment R&D

3 years of tidal turbine technology development patents and other related technologies

Science and Nature in Harmony for the Responsible Development of our Water Resources

C A N A D I A N

P R O J E C T SL I M I T E D

Sustainable Energy Engineering

Hydro Wind SolarC A N A D I A N

P R O J E C T SL I M I T E D

C A N A D I A N

P R O J E C T SL I M I T E D

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Very Low Head (“VLH”) Turbine

Development Story:

Developed in France and Canada.

Double regulated Kaplan turbine with slow rotating 8 bladed runner

Designed for low head <5 m that was previously commercially unfeasible

Fits into existing water control structures

Eliminates high cost conventional civil works ~ 50% of typical hydro plant costs

Short development timeframe - simple design with low impact attributes can allow projects to be done in about a year instead of typical hydro project of 3 - 6 years

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Very Low Head Turbine

Application:

Existing structure sites

Head: 1.4 – 5.0 m

4 Sizes: 3.5, 4.0, 4.5 & 5.0 m dia.

Capacity: 350 kW – 500 kW / unit

Flow: 10 - 30 m3/s.

High w2w Efficiency : ~ 80%

Lifts for floods & maintenance

Interconnects to low voltage distribution lines or off-grid

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Technology Attributes:

Use PMG synchronous generator (direct-drive – variable speed)

Incorporates trash cleaning system

Low Environmental Impact:

Fish Friendliness (site tested & verified in France)

Silent operation

Very low visual impact (below deck/ mostly submersed)

Coastal has deployment methods for adaptation to North America

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Very Low Head Turbine

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Holistic Design Click to edit Master text styles

Second levelThird level

Fourth levelFifth level

Single element design includes:TurbineGeneratorGateTrashrack & Cleaner Fish Passage (~100%)Lift System

Fits in existing gate bays with minimal modifications

VLH Turbine

Cranage of the 26 T VLH into its final location

Rotation of the VLH to its inclined working position

VLH Turbine Installation

After site assembly of the unit and mounting brackets simply lower into place

17 units are now deployed

Over four years of full scale operation in France

Initial Operations

VLH Turbines Installed - Europe

1110/7/2010

Upstream view of the VLH in the empty inlet channel

VLH in Operation

VLH Turbine Operation

Low Environmental Impact

Fish-friendly Minimal footprint No flow diversion Silent operation Low visual impact Low impact on heritage

and cultural values

Designed specifically to have low environmental impact which facilitates ease of approval and rapid development deployment

CFD Analysis show the VLH fulfils all criteria for fish friendliness:

1) Peripheral SpeedAcceptable: 6 to 12 m/s VLH: 4.5 to 8 m/s

2) Minimum PressureAcceptable : 69 kPa VLH: 94 kPa

3) Maximum Pressure VariationAcceptable: <550 kPa/s VLH: 80 kPa/s

4) Max Flow Velocity VariationAcceptable: <180 m/s/m VLH: 10 m/s/m

5) Blade to Discharge Ring GapAcceptable: <2.0 mm VLH: <2.0 mm

Pressure values on runner according to hub distance

Fish FriendlinessCFD Analysis

Tests have been done in France with live Eels and Salmon smolts

Recovery system Recovery Platform Injection Device

Eels size 0.7 up to 1.2 m Eels Injection Recovering eels with a dipnet

Fish Friendliness Full Scale Live Testing

- 200 eels were injected at 3 locations- Recaptured eels were observed for 24 to 48 hours to check for internal injuries

- Careful visual inspection showed superficial injuries in 2% of the specimens-Over 200 other fish entered the turbine from the river during the testing and were captured downstream - All Survived

Survival Rate : 100%

Injection Point of

Eels

Inner

Median

Outer

Fish Friendliness Full Scale Live Testing

Latest tests performed at Frouard, France - Late 2010 Peer Reviewed Report Released - March 2011

112 sites have been identified across Canada for VLH deployment so far

~ 2,000 undeveloped dams in Ontario are likely suitable for power generation. Potential for low head hydro in Ontario is ~ 7,000 MW. Small projects under 1 MW have not been fully assessed specifically but are expected to add substantially to this potential.

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Market Opportunity

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US: DOE estimates more than 80,000 dams and water control structures in the US, 2,400 of those presently have power generation. Unpowered dams and weirs could amount to an additional 73,000 GWh per year.

VLH Adaptation for cold climate operations through implementation of the VLH Cold-climate adaptation package

Regulatory Acceptance with a modified approval process suitable to accommodate rapid VLH deployment

Fish Testing / Monitoring in North America to prove performance with local species

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Challenges for VLH Technology

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Access to a new innovative technology for hydropower generation

Generation at very low-head sites (<4m) previously not considered feasible

Can generate 100’s of MW’s from existing structures across Ontario/Canada

VLH technology has a very low environmental impact when deployed at existing structures & is fish friendly

Cooperation and support is required to implement the VLH in NA

Need to demonstrate the VLH technology in NA to gain understanding

This investment & successful implementation enables us to tap a significant new source of renewable energy in Ontario/Canada/NA

Regulatory regime for this emerging technology needs to be streamlined

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VLH Deployment in Ontario

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Key Points:

Questions?

The Archimedes Screw – environmental impacts, opportunities, and challenges as an Emergent Hydro Techonology in CANADA.Date: 25 Oct 2011 Presented by: Tony Bouk – VP Business Development

Archimedes Screw

• Click to edit Master text styles– Second level

• Third level– Fourth level

» Fifth level

1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

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The weight of water falling through the screw turns the screw which turns the gear box and generator and produces electricity as it turns.

The diameter of the screw increases as the design flow increases.

The length of the screw increases as the “head” or vertical drop increases.

How it works

Technology OverviewOur Form of Emergent Hydro

Type of Turbine – Archimedes Screw

KW Size – Micro (10-100 KW) – Pico (1KW – 10KW) (1KW powers an average home)

Heads – Head Levels of 1-10 Meters, very low but still very useful.

Flows – 200 liters/ sec – 6000 liters/sec (1000 lps = 1 cubic meter/sec)

Run of River – water flows are not managed, naturally occurring flows are maintained.

Application for use on small water control structures already in existence – old mills sites, reservoirs, etc. Thousands across Canada. (10,000+)

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1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

The Archimedes ScrewThen

image

Invented in 200 AD --- by --- Archimedes

Used to pump water up and irrigate land

image

Still used to pump water up

Used extensively in sewage treatment plants due to robust design

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1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

Now

The Archimedes Screw

image

Have been used in Europe for about 10 years to generate electricity.

None in Canada to date that we are aware of.

image

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1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

To generate electricity

Environmental IssuesSafe Fish Passage

Fish can Safely Pass through the screw (down)image Extensive fish passage tests in the UK have conclusively demonstrated that the large water chambers and slow rotation of the Archimedes Screw allow fish of all sizes safe passage through the turbine. As a result, the Environment Agency in the UK has agreed that no screening is required.

Fish Pumps

image

In fact Archimedes screws are used as “fish Pumps” in the aquaculture industry to move fish.

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1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

The screw does not affect the upstream passage of fish, however it does allow safe downstream passage

Environmental IssuesEquipment related

Lower Bearing– the submerged lower bearing is a water lubricated composite or wood bearing that requires no grease.

Upper Gearbox– contains food grade oil. Upper gearbox is within a concrete room above the water.

Protective Coating on the steel screw– after application and hardening the coating is chemically inert- potable water coatings can be used but are not in Europe.

Sitework – minimal concrete site work is necessary to install the screw beside the existing water control structures. Existing control structures are unaffected.

Equipment is Manufactured off site – because the screw is manufactured off-site and then installed by crane beside existing water control structures, disturbance to stream beds and water flows is minimal during installation.

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1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

Environmental IssuesWater Resources

100% of water is returned to the water course – essentially part of the water just travels down the screw instead of over the dam

Does not increase the height of the existing water control structure

Does not have to affect the water levels above or below the water control structure

Existing natural flows are maintained – In this run of river type of installation flows are not managed in any way. (operational range of screw down to 15% of max flow)

There is no depleted reach – because the screw is installed beside the existing water control structure and the water is returned at the base of the structure there is no depleted reach.

Will not affect water turbidity – water is pulled from top of impoundment the same as water flowing over dam.

Will not affect the flood flow capacity of the existing water control structures

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1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

Opportunities NowFor the Archimedes Screw

image

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1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

Many sites – thousands of small low head sites across Canada (10,000+ according to Hatch)

An example – to the left are the sites located around the GreenBug location in Delhi, Ontario.

Carbon reduction– there is the opportunity to generate electricity in a distributed renewable way right where it is used and sell it to the grid using existing infrastructure and without large transmission lines

Existing ChallengesFacing the Archimedes Screw use on small hydro sites (1kw – 100kw)Approval time and cost relative to a small systems ability to pay–

these are much smaller hydro developments than Canada is used to. They are similar in size and cost to the numerous solar panel installations now dotting the landscape and are meant to be replicated in the same way. Therefore, from a financial standpoint we can’t spend thousands of dollars and years on uncertain approvals. But the current approval process is the same approval process for a 200,000 KW development (200 MW)

We’re going to need an effective approval process but one that is less costly and more timely and focused, that recognizes the inherent lower risk and intended replication of these systems.

Luckily we have 10 years of European experience and research to draw on.

A way forward – a more adaptive management approach for small hydro within current policy– which utilizes all available research, knowledge and experience to form a series of “SOP’s” or “Best practice checklists” which get approved once and which if adhered to greatly reduce the approval process.

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1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

Small Archimedes Screw

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1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

See full video tour at www.greenbugenergy.com/testsitevideo1.wmv & www.greenbugenergy.com/testsitevideo2.wmv

• Click to edit Master text styles– Second level

• Third level– Fourth level

» Fifth level

1645 Hwy#3, Delhi, ON, N4B 2W6T: 519 582 8563

GreenBug Energy Inc.

Vigor Clean Tech Inc.

Emergent Hydro and New Technologies

October 25, 2011OWA Power of Water Conference

Dale Brubacher-CressmanPresidentVigor Clean Tech Inc.

The Contributors

Vigor Clean Tech:

An Ontario-based renewable energy developer and solution provider.

Lucid Energy:• A renewable energy company producing

clean, reliable, low cost electricity from gravity fed water transmission pipes.

Technology 1: GHT• Cross Axis (“Vertical axis”)• Free flow• Easily scalable

Application – In-stream, or“Hydro-Kinetic”

• Affix to permanent structure anchored to shoreline

• Floating support structure• Potential off-grid application• Scale: 10’s to 100’s of kWs

Technology 2: LucidPipeTM• In conduit• Existing or new

Applications - Low Head Hydro• Typical target installations

• Existing dams• Below 3M head• Scale: 10’s to 100’s of kW

Applications - Incremental Hydro• Fish ladder attraction

conduit• Hydro plant bypass conduit• New auxiliary power

systems

Applications – Existing Conduit• Industrial Effluent Emitters• Water & Waste Water

Utilities• Water Transmission

Agencies

Technology Context

Conventional Hydropower

• Complex system infrastructure

• Deplete all pipeline pressure

• Require pipeline bypass

LucidPipeTM• Simple, in-pipe technology• Extracts marginal head

pressure• Requires no bypass• Complete installation in a day• Grid connected in a week

Opportunities

• To generate a steady supply of reliable renewable energy at a smaller scale than is currently economically feasible

• To leverage existing under-utilized infrastructure (eg. low head dams)

• To capture lost energy in existing applications (eg. Pipelines, Spillways, Bypasses)

Seeking Partnerships

• Project developers• Engineering firms• Customer / application opportunities

Opportunities for government funding for demonstration projects

Thank you!

Dale Brubacher-CressmanPresidentVigor Clean Tech Inc.Tel: (519) 279 4630 ext 104dalebc@vigorcleantech.comwww.vigorcleantech.com

Loïc Pétillon, Eng.Project Director

2011 OWA Conference www.ossberger.ca

The movable hydroelectric plant

OSSBERGER

IN COLLABORATION WITH HSI

Plan of the presentation

1. Introduction

2. Turbine types

3. The Movable Power planti. The concept

ii. R&D

iii. Prototype

iv. Project examples

v. Conclusion

1. Introduction of Ossberger

Ossberger is a small hydro turbine manufacturer since 1903

OSSBERGER turbine (cross-flow type)

Now in collaboration with HSI and Cink for Kaplan and Pelton turbines

More than 10,000 turbines installed

2. Turbine types

Ossberger – up to 1.25 m of runner Ø Pelton – up to 2,500 kW Horizontal or inclined Kaplan up to 2.8 m runner Ø

Vertical Kaplan up to 3 m runner Ø

3. The movable hydroelectric plant

Application area: Head: 1 – 8 m Discharge: 1 – 25 m³/s Runner Ø: 1,0 – 2,0 m Output: up to 2000 kW with 3, 4 and 5 runner blades

3.i. The concept Specifically designed for existing weirs/dams/canals No powerhouse, intake and tail race required Simple civil structure with two concrete walls Contributes to the evacuation capacity of the scheme Generation all year long with increased power during flood

season (hydraulic jet effect) Enables fish to go downstream Enables flushing of debris above and below the turbine (logs,

rocks, etc.) High efficiency unit (Turbine:91-92%,PMG: over 98%)

3.i. The concept - features

Direct – coupled PM generator

Circular trash rack and integrated cleaner

Double regulated kaplan bulb turbine

Integrated steel draft tube

Hydraulic cylinders on both sides of the unit

HPU and Turbine control panel inside the casing

3.ii. Research and Development

CFD - Intake

CFD – Draft tube

Finite Element Analysis

Vibration analysis

3.ii. R&D - Hydraulic jet effect

Hydraulic jet effect VS Gross Head

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Gross Head (m)

Hyd

rau

lic

jet

effe

ct (

m)

3D Simulation

2D Simulation

3.iii. Prototype

Artist impression

Movable power house and fish-pass

3.iii. Prototype - workshop

- Upstream section frame where circular trash rack and rake will be installed

- Double regulated Kaplan runner

- Hydraulic Power Unit and Turbine control panel installed in a pressurized section

3.iii. Prototype - installation

- 20 mm trash rack spacing

- Capacity of the rake 2.5 tonnes

- Simple civil structure

- Fully assembled unit

3.iv. Project examplesGengenbach Project

H = 3.10 m

Q = 20 m³/s

P = 550 kW

3.iv. Project examplesGengenbach Project

3.iv. Project examplesGengenbach project

Maintenance

- All required maintenance done with bulkheads upstream and downstream

- Only two generator bearings

3.iv. Project examples Thurfeld project

H = 4.50 m

Q = 20 m³/s

P = 800 kW

3.iv. Project examplesThurfeld project

- Multiple unit installation possible

- 25% cost reduction in some projects compared to traditional hydro

- Dimensions: length=20m; Width = 5.3m; Height = 4.3m; Runner Ø = 2m

- Total weight = 145,000 kg

3.iv. Project examplesOther projects

Offenburg projectH = 3.00 mQ = 20 m³/sP = 520 kW

Hausach projectH = 2.40 mQ = 18 m³/sP = 380 kW

3.iv. Project examplesOffenburg project

Offenburg unit contributes to the evacuation capacity of the scheme

- Discharge 60 m3/s in flood season: 20 m3/s in the turbine and 40 m3/s above and under the unit

- During high flow season, a wave appears downstream the unit (Hydraulic jet effect)

3.v. Conclusion

- Very low head application

- Low construction cost

- Very high efficiency

- Contributes to the evacuation capacity

- Good productivity during flood season

- Aquatic life and debris can pass above and under the unit

Thank you for your attention

Visit us at: www.ossberger.ca

Power of Water Conference Presentation

By Laurie Arron, CEPP Program DirectorOctober 25, 2011

Presentation Overview

• Community Power

• Renewable Energy Co-ops

• FIT incentives for Community Power

• CEPP Grants

• Case Study

What is Community Power?

• CP means renewable energy projects developed by Ontario co-ops, non-profits, charities and residents who are not in the commercial power business (FIT definition)

• European experience:

• CP keeps economic benefits of renewable power development close to home

• CP fosters harmony within communities

• CP empowers local individuals to make a difference in fighting climate change.

Renewable Energy Co-ops

• Green Energy Act created Renewable Energy Co-ops

• RE Co-ops are an ideal vehicle for a large group of people to own all or part of a renewable energy project

• RE Co-ops can be For-Profit or Not-for-Profit

• Democratic: one member = one vote

• Public offerings are not as complex as for corporations

• Regulated by FSCO instead of OSC

• Eligible for FIT community incentives and CEPP grants

FIT Incentives for Community Power

• FIT incentives for Community projects:• Price Adder of up to 0.6 cents per kWh (5% bump in revenue)

• 50% or more community: Full Adder

• 25% community: 50% of Adder

• 10% community: 20% of Adder

• <10% community: No Adder

• Reduced FIT security payments ($5 per KW at each stage)

• CEPP soft cost grants of up to $200,000 ($500,000 for co-op projects over 10 MW)

• Commercial developers can access Price Adder by doing a joint venture with a community group

Impact of Price Adder

• Assume the following:

• 400 kW project / 3,100 MWh annual production

• $3 million total cost

• 50/50 joint venture with a Renewable Energy Co-op

• Projected returns (IRR after debt)

• Whole project, no price adder: 15.9%

• Whole project, 0.6 cent price adder: 17.7%

• CEPP grant goes entirely to Co-op, which has a projected IRR after debt of 17.5% (full adder, $200,000 grant, after co-op costs)

CEPP Program Overview

• A grant program to support FIT renewable energy projects owned and developed by Ontario landowners and residents

• Provides early stage funding for pre-NTP soft costs

• Maximum total CEPP grant is $200,000 per project ($500,000 for Co-op projects over 10 MW)

• Maximum coverage is 90% of Funded Activities

• Excludes payments to OPA, LDCs and other gov’t entities

• CEPP also provides grants to educate about community energy

• A program of the Ontario Power Authority, co-managed by Community Power Fund and Deloitte

Project Eligibility:

Projects must satisfy the following criteria:

• Project size: >10 kW - 10 MW (an exception exists for co-op projects >10 MW)

• Technologies include: wind, solar PV, biomass, biogas, landfill gas or waterpower

• Site: located in Ontario

• Financing: economically viable/future FIT contract

• Ownership: developed by a “Community”

‘For profit’ projects are eligible for CEPP grants

Eligibility: Who is considered ‘community’?

(a) One or more individuals

(b) Registered charity

(d) Not-for-profit organization

(d) Co-op

(h) Private corporation

(i) Limited partnership

Applicant must be 100% community as defined in the FIT Rules

all shareholders / partners must be (a) – (d) above;

none of them can have commercial electricity generation

as their primary business or employment

Joint ventures with ‘non-community partners’ are permitted

cannot have commercial electricity generation as their primary business or employment

Joint Venture Eligibility

• A commercial developer can joint venture with a Community

• The Community group applies to CEPP

• The CEPP grant will apply to:

• The Community entity’s proportionate share of project costs

• 100% of the Community entity’s own costs (e.g. legal, membership costs, raising community capital)

• All CEPP money must flow directly to the Community entity and be for the benefit of the Community entity only

• e.g. if there’s a 50/50 JV, and the JV agreement says the Community entity pays 100% of engineering costs, still only 50% of engineering costs will be eligible for CEPP funding

Two Types of Grants

Grant 1 (G1): Design & Development PhasePre-requisites:

• MNR Site Release Application submission (or similar)

• Preliminary resource assessment

• Local Distribution Company (LDC) consultation

• RETScreen financial analysis

Grant 2 (G2): Regulatory ApprovalsPre-requisites:

• Feed In Tariff (FIT) Contract or placement into the FIT production line or Economic Connection Test queue

• MNR Site Release Approval (or similar)

Funded Activities – Examples

• Site investigation and control• Resource assessment• Preparing FIT application (not including payments to the OPA)• Site planning• EA work• Business plan• Engineering studies• Project manager or Project coordinator• Legal costs

Funded Activities – More Examples

• Obtaining water-use rights, licenses, permits• Final Business Plan• Connection Impact Assessment (not including payments to

LDC)• Supplier Agreements• Construction Contracts• ESA Approval (not including payments to ESA)• Operating and Maintenance Agreement• Co-op Offering Document / Membership agreement• Co-op Sales and Marketing Plan (to find Members / Investors)

Tools and Resources

www.communityenergyprogram.ca

It’s all online! • Sign-up for newsletter • Check out our resources

section• Read up on the Grant Program• Download the relevant forms

etc.

CEPP Grants Awarded

As of October 19, 2011:• 121 grants for 116 projects• Total capacity – 87 MW• Total project costs – $345 million• Total grant funding – $6.6 million

Case Study - Latchford

Case Study - Latchford• Developed by the Water Power Group

• 1.4 MW FIT project using existing dams and new Very Low Head turbine technology

• Located in Latchford• 643 km north of Toronto • beside highway 11• community of 600 residents

• Offering investment opportunity to local residents

• % of revenue to the Town of Latchford, Temagami & Timiskaming First Nations for community projects

• Received a CEPP Grant 1 for $200,000 for legal, EA work, engineering, hydrological assessment, and project tendering

Summary

• Joint venturing with a community group makes sense!

• Community adder and CEPP funding

• Increased support from local community

• Potential for higher returns

Questions?

Laurie Arron, Program Director

phone: 416 597-2748 / 888 907-2377 ext. 115

email: larron@communityenergyprogram.ca

communityenergyprogram.ca