2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. i 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. iPreamble Research and development is considered as an essential component of higher education, due toitspioneeringroleinexploringtheknowledgebase,establishingbetterinsights,and maintainingdynamismintheteachinglearningprocess.Theconferencefocusesonthe frontierthemesofsimulationmodeling,andanalysis,asappliedtomultipledisciplinesof engineering.Simulationisapowerfulandwidelyappliedmethodologyforstudyingthe behaviourofavarietyofsystemsinordertodevelopsolutionstoproblemsindesignand operation.Itisperhapstheonlyresortwhenthereisaneedtoanalyzeandunderstand systems characterized by complex and probabilistic behavior, especially when such systems cannotbemodelledusingstrictmathematicalformulations.Severalengineeringand technological systems exhibit such behavior. The rapid advances in computer hardware and architectureaddedwiththedevelopmentofpowerfulcomputationalsoftwarehave contributed heavily to the problem solving and decision making process in engineering. It is nowpossibletosimulatemanycomplexrealworldsystemsandobtainsolutionsto problems. Consequently, we have reached a stage wherein computer simulation has become an essential and indispensable ingredient in the curriculum of all engineering disciplines. The2ndInternationalConferenceonSimulationModelingandAnalysis(COSMA2011)is the follow up of COSMA 2009, the first of its kind, successfully conducted during 17 - 19 December,2009,attheNationalInstituteofTechnology,Calicut.COSMA2011is organizedinAmritaSchoolofEngineering(ASE),AmritaVishwaVidyapeetham, Coimbatore, during 14 - 16 December, 2011. The primary aim of COSMA 2011 is to focus on novel concepts and methods of simulation forDesign,Analysis,andManufacturingaswellastolookintothelatesttrendsand developmentsinmathematicalandnumericalmodeling,appliedtovariousdisciplinesin Engineering. The editors are thankful to the authors of the papers who have contributed to their research worktotheconference.Ourprofoundthanksarealsoduetothereviewersfortheir commentswhichimprovisedtheoriginalcontributionofthepapersandforrecommending thepapersforincludinginthisproceeding.Theeditorsextendtheirspecialthankstothe expert speakers and Chairperson and Co-chairperson of the technical sessions. WearethankfultoourPro-ChancellorBrahmachariAbayamritaChaitanyaandDr.M.P. Chandrasekaran Dean Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham for their hearted support towardstheorganisationoftheconference.OurspecialthanksarealsotoDr.M.N. Bandyopadhyay, Director NIT Calicut. 14.12.2011Editors Amritanagar, Coimbatore 641 112Dr. K.Rameshkumar Prof. M. Elangovan Dr. S. P. Anbuudayasankar Dr. R. Sridharan Prof. S. Ravikumar 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. iiAdvisory Committee Dr. Ihsan Sabuncuoglu, Bilkent University, Turkey Prof. Angappa Gunasekharan, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, USA. Dr.Kannan Govindan, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark Prof. M. Xie, National University of Singapore, Singapore Prof. Ruhul A Sarker, Editor-in-Chief, ASOR Bulletin, University of New South, Australia Dr. Andrew Kussiak, Editor, Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing Dr. Raghu Pasupathy, Virginia Tech, USA Prof. Quan Min Zhu, University of the West of England, UK Dr. Krishna Kumar Krishnan, Wichita State University, USADr. Eric Blanco, Grenoble Institute of Technology, FranceDr. Ponnambalam, S.G., Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia Dr. V. Radakrishnan, IIST, Trivandrum Dr. C. Rajendran, IITM, ChennaiDr. P. V. Mohanram, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore Mr. S. M. Vaidya, Vice President, Godrej Precision Components & Systems, Mumbai Dr. Y. Narahari, IISc, BangaloreDr. Chakradhar Iyyunni, L&T, AhmadabadDr. K. Ganesh, Senior Supply Chain Consultant, IBM, Mumbai Dr. Kailas Satish Vasu, IISc, BangaloreDr. Bala Krishnan Shankar, Amrita School of Engineering, AmritapuriDr. S. G. Rakesh, Amrita School of Engineering, BangaloreDr. K. M. Mohanasundaram, Jansons College of Engineering, Coimbatore Dr. V. Balasubramanian, Annamalai University, Chidambaram Dr. U. Chandrasekhar, Additional Director & Scientist G, GTRE, Bangalore Shri. S. Rakesh, General Manager, Internal fabrication facility, VSSC , Trivandrum Dr. D. R. Yadav, Director Engineering, DRDL, Hyderabad Dr. P. Asokan, NIT TrichyProf. Kannan. N. Iyer, IITB, MumbaiProf. S. Narayanan, IITM, ChennaiDr. T. Keshavadas, University of Sunny Buffalo, USA Dr. B. Nagaraj, Amrita School of Engineering, Bangalore Dr. K. Elangovan, NAFEMS (India), BangaloreDr. Harish Cherukuri, University of North Carolina, USA Dr.C.Senthil Kumar, SRI, AERB, IGCAR Campus, Kalpakkam 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. iiiOrganizing Committee Patrons Dr. M. P. Chandraseakaran, Dean-Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Dr. M. N. Bandyopadhyay, Director, NIT CalicutChairmen Dr. Joshi C. Haran, Chairman, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., ASE, Coimbatore Dr. S. Jayaraj, Prof. & Head, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Calicut Organizing Secretaries Dr. K. Rameshkumar, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., ASE, Coimbatore Prof. M. Elangovan, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., ASE, Coimbatore Dr. T. Radha Ramanan, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., NITCDr. N. Sudarsan, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., NITC. Technical Committee Dr. R. Sreeramkumar, NITCDr. R. Sridharan, NITC Dr. C. Muraleedharan, NITC Dr. K. Prabhakaran Nair, NITC Dr. V. Madhusudanan Pillai, NITC Dr. K. Mohandas, ASE Dr. R. Sellamuthu, ASE Dr. S. Thirumalini, ASE Dr. P. G. Saleeshya, ASE Dr. Ajith Ramesh, ASE Dr. Ratna Kishore, ASEDr. Anbuudayasankar, ASE Publicity and Exhibition Committee Prof. Sanjivi Arul, ASE Prof. P.Raghuram, ASE Prof. R.Padmanaban, ASE Prof. M.Saimurugan, ASE Prof. Mahadevan Lakshmanan, ASE Hospitality Committee Prof. K. Krishnakumar, ASE Prof. A. Sumesh, ASE Prof. R. Saravanan, ASE 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. ivProf. S. Devi Parvathy, ASE Prof. J. Gokula Chandran, ASE Prof. A. S. Prakash, ASE Prof. J. Selvaraj, ASE Prof. S. Karthik, ASE Prof. N. Radhika, ASE Prof. N. R. Sakthivel, ASE Event Management Committee Prof. S. Babu Devasenapathy, ASE Prof. C. Lakshmikanthan, ASE Prof. S. Ravikumar, ASE Prof. M. Pushparaj, ASE Prof. K. Balaji, ASE Prof. S. Saravana Murugan, ASE Prof. S. Srhari, ASE Prof. D. Senthilkumar, ASE Prof. N. Tamillarasan, ASE Prof. D. Unnikrishnan, ASE 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. vCONTENTS Preamblei Advisory and organizing committeeii Contentsv Profile of Invited Speakersxv Pre-Conference Workshop on FEM and Practical Stress Analysis xix Invited talksxxii Schedule 1 Abstract of Conference papers Stream: Finite Element Analysis 1The finite element method: a tool to evaluate shear bond strength of recycled dental bracket Shivakumar Hadagali,Basavaraj Endigeri,Shivakant Kurbet 17 2Design and Analysis of Human Skull Model Jeet Kumar K., Ashish P.,Abhay P., Venkatachalam G.and Narayanan, S. 24 3Design and Analysis of Metallic Thermal Protection System (MTPS) Suneeth Sukumaran, Anilkumar S.H 30 4EvaluationofStiffnessofAluminumhexagonalhoneycombcoresandwich panels by FE methods Rajkumar . S, Raghupathy . V. P, Ravindran . D 38 5Pseudo Elastic Method coupled with 4-noded Iso-Parametric Finite Element for solving inelastic problems Paul Murugan J, Raju Sethuraman Dr, Thomas Kurian, Srinivasan V 45 6FatiguebehaviorandlifepredictionofaSteeringKnuckleusingFinite Element Analysis S.Madhusudhanan Sivaraj, I.Rajendran, P.T.Saravanakumar 52 7Structural Instability Analysis of Hyperelastic Thermal Protection Boot in a Solid Rocket Motor Atha Ur Rahman Khan, A. Yezhil Arasu, Thomas Kurian 57 8FEAnalysisofMiddleAxlesuspensionSpringofElectricLocomotive WAG-9 of Indian Railways Manoj Kumbhalkar, Y. L. Yenarkar 64 9Systemlevelmodeling,3DElectromechanicalsimulationandvirtual fabrication of MEMS capacitive pressure sensor for tire pressure monitoring using INTELLISUITE Manju Mittal, Deepika Saini, Anurekha Sharma 70 10NumericalSimulationofStress-StrainCurveandtheMicroStressand Micro Strain Distributions of the near Ti Alloy Srinivasu Gangi Setti, Nandy T.K., Narasimha Rao R. 77 11Finite Element Modeling of The Cold Rolling Process and Optimization Using Genetic AlgorithmAjith Ramesh, Devarajan K, Prakash Marimuthu K 83 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. vi12FiniteElementsimulationoftheLocalAngularMisalignmentattheLong Seam Weld Joint in Cylindrical shells of Solid Rocket Motor Case Yezhil Arasu, Thomas Kurian, P. J. Abraham, V. Srinivasan 88 13An Investigation and Analysis of Adhesive bonded Lap Joint Ranjeet Deshmukh, Sachin Sonawane 92 14Fatigue Analysis of Cryogenic Treated EN19 Steel Using Ansys Workbench Giridhardhayalan M, Rajendran I, Selva Senthil Prabhu C, Senthilkumar D 96 15Development and Dynamic analysis of Generic Nose Landing Gear as Four DOF system Kiran Christopher, Anoop Kumar S 101 16FiberDamagePredictionofLaminatedCompositePlatesunderImpact loading using ANSYS V Balasubramani, S Rajendra Boopathy, M Venkatesh, K Kalai Kovan 107 17Numerical Modeling of Piezoelectric Actuation Using MSC Marc Mentat Manik Rao Kulkarni, Vivek Prabhakar 113 18ContactStress-StrainandWearAnalysisofSomeThermoplasticson Zerodur Glass Ajith Ramesh, Raghu V Prakash, Arun Kumar S, Dhayanidhi. N119 19Numerical simulation of material flow during dissimilar friction stir welding R. Padmanaban, V. Balusamy ,V. Ratna Kishoreand V.Balasubramanian 129 20ThreedimensionalMould-fillingSimulationofthinwallcastingforfilling rates Selvaraj J, Ratna Kishore, Ganesh Babu 134 Stream: Mathematical Modeling 21Multistringssecretekeystreamciphers(fortyfivestrings)usingattributes of two digits magic numbers Amol Muley 137 22DamageIdentificationofCrackedBeamSubstructureUsingCombined Power Flow and Acceleration Technique Cibu K. Varghese, K. Shankar 145 23Modeling&SimulationofNOxFormationinICEnginefueledwith Biodiesel S Sivalakshmi, T Balusamy and R. Yuvaraj 152 24Mathematical Modeling of Dengue Fever Sujatha Janardhan 159 25Model-Based Composition Control of Binary Batch Distillation Column VarunMukthinuthalapati,MirunalineSridaran,JaikumarSoundararajan, S.R. Sharmila and Murali Rangarajan 165 26Modeling, Simulation and Rapid Prototyping of a Spherical Parallel Manipulator, The Agile Eye Samuel M N, G B Rudrakshi 171 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. vii27Modeling, Simulation and Control of The Micro-Turbine Based Distributed Generation Unit with Local LoadRenuka Devi V, Jijo Joseph 177 28TheoreticalandExperimentalPerformanceandEmissionAnalysisof Vegetable oil Ester Operated CI Engine for various Injection Pressure Sundara Pandian, Deva Rajane 183 29Simulation of Microstructure Evolution through the Monte Carlo Method Anirudh Bhat, Kalale Phaneesh, K.T.Kashyap and Gautam Mukherjee 190 30Modal Analysis of Beams with Single Off-Centered Progressive Crack Sheik Imam 196 31ModellingIntelligentTransportationSystemsandTheirEffectstoGreen EnvironmentMukeshkumar Meena, B Rajasekhar, Vijay Kumar Kaushal 202 32NumericalAnalysisontheStabilityofaNaturalCirculationBoilingWater Reactor - Effect of Geometric Parametric of PHT Loop S P Lakshmanan, R S Rao, S K Gupta 210 33ModelingofMaterialRemovalRateofAbrasivehotairjetmachiningon Glass using Dimensional Analysis Jagannatha. N, Sadashivappa. K, Somashekhar. S Hiremath 216 34Coordinated Obstacle Avoidance System of S-Bots RathinamAnanthanaryanan,AtulKumarJha,BaibhabGuruGuru,Binoy Acharya222 35Asymptoticstabilityofuncertainreaction-diffusionstochasticfuzzyBAM neural networks with mixed delays and Markovian jumping parameters. Vidhya Chandra Mohan, P. Balasubramaniam 226 36LatticeBoltzmannSimulationofTwo-DimensionalIncompressibleDriven Cavity Flow at High Reynolds Numbers D. Arumuga Perumal, Ranjan Das 227 37Modeling and analysis of airfoil and wing geometry using XFLR5 Krishnan S 233 38Vibration Analysis of a Mass Varying System Govind M and Ajith K.Mani 239 39Environmental Modelling and Forecasting Gitanjali Janarthanan, Sindhu Parthasarathy, Vishaka Jeyakumar 245 40DesignandAnalysisofMulti-fingeredDexterousHandBasedonan Innovative Asymmetric Flexible Pneumatic Actuator C.P. Sankar Menon, Ganesha Udupa, Pramod Sreedharan 246 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. viiiStream: Process Modeling 41ModelingandanalysisofsurfaceroughnessinTurningusingFuzzy-Logic and its comparison to Response regression analysis Laxman Abhang and M.Hameedullah 255 42Prediction of Surface Roughness in Boring Operation By Linear Regression Analysis Bala Muruga Mohanraj. G, Sugumaran. V 262 43Modelingandanalysisoftoolwearbasedoncuttingforceandchip-tool interface temperatures in metal cutting Laxman Abhang and M.Hameedullah 268 44Modelingofbiomassthermo-chemicalgasificationusingartificialneural networks N K Priyak, C C Sreejith , P Arun and C Muraleedharan 275 45OptimizationofDeepCryogenicTreatmenttoEnhanceHardnessofEn19 Steel Senthilkumar D, Rajendran I 283 46Optimiztion of The Cutting Parameters of Turning Operation Using Genetic Algorithm Prakash Marimuthu Kand J.Gokulachandran 290 47Automation of Boilers Using Labview Michael Siddhartha, Naveen Kumar 295 48ModellingthePerformanceparametersofsolarhybridadsorption refrigeration system by using neural network Baiju V, C Muraleedharan 300 49ExperimenalInvestigationofProcessParametersinDrillingOfAisi1015 Steel for Exit Burr Vishal Dhanke, Nitin Phafat 307 50Modelingandperformanceanalysisofmultiplequalitycharacteristicsin drilling under Minimum Quantity Lubrication Krishnan Sundara Murthy, I .Rajendran 311 51Multi-ResponseOptimizationofEDMParametersusingGreyRelational Analysis Arun L, Praveen N, Subramanian R, Venkat PrasatS 318 52Modeling of Electric Discharge Machining response variables using Design of Experiments Siva Prasad Arikatla, K Allesuand Jose Mathew 326 53Investigationofmachiningparametersinnickelbasedsuperalloyinconel 718 using design of experimentsThirumalai Ramanathan, Senthil Kumaar J.S 333 54PredictiononWearofAl7075-Al2O3MMCsusingArtificialNeural Networks Gonal Basavaraj Veeresh Kumar, C.S.P. Rao, Nagamuthu Selvaraj 339 55Friction behaviour in deep drawing Araveeti C Sekhara Reddy, S.Rajesham and P.Ravindar Reddy 345 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. ix56Some Studies on Ball Burnishing Parameters on 60/40 Cu-Zn Alloy Using Factorial Design Pavana Kumara and G.K. Purohith 351 57Optimization of Turning Process Parameters using Global Algorithm Sathish Kumar V.R 358 58ExperimentalInvestigationsonLaserWeldabilityforDifferentStainless SteelJeevanand Janardhan, Gururaj Telsang and Thirumalini Subramaniam364 59InfluenceofProcessParametersonWearBehaviourofHybridAluminium Composites Radhika Suresh, Subramanian R 369 60AstudyontheMachiningparametersoptimizationofZrB2+SiC Composites using Electrical Discharge Machining A Sumesh, K Rameshkumar, Hanamantray Baluragi 374 Stream: Computational Fluid Dynamics 61Simulation studies of Solar water heater with Vapour Adsorption material M.Gowtham, M.Sarath Chandar and Amrit Om Nayak 381 623DModelingandVirtualSimulatorforaFlat-fishShapedAutonomous Underwater Vehicle S Saravanakumar, Divya Konda, B Keerthana, T Asokan 385 63SimulationandVerificationofBernoullisTheoremonaConvergent-Divergent Nozzle using Computational Fluid Dynamics Darshil Gandhi andAshwin Menon 391 64Effectiveboundaryconditionsmodelingforsteamturbineexhausthood performance prediction Veerabathra Swamy K, Senthilkumar A 398 65NumericalInvestigationofBubbleEnhancedHeatTransferfromVertical Heated Surface Senthil Kumar Sundararaj, Yann Delaure 404 66Damping Characteristics Study on A Cantilever Beam Using Magneto Rheological Fluids Bharathi Raj Kumar M B, Jayant S S and Senthilkumar 413 67Design,Modeling,andControlofMEMSBasedLowFlowRate Micropump K.Ganesan and V. Palanisamy 417 68Design,Simulation&AnalysisofForcesexertedonaNewModeled Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Sidhant Dhall, Vivek Ranjan 422 69CFD Analysis of Flow Control around a Circular Cylinder by Blowing J S Vincent Singh Churchil, Venkatesh 428 70CFD Simulation of Flow around a Car Spoiler J S Vincent Singh Churchil, Venkatesh 435 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. x 71Nozzle Flow Analysis ofa Cryogenic Rocket Engine441 Hariprasad M P, Nithin K P, Parvathy Unnikrishnan Stream: Operations Management 72MinimizingMaximumLatenessinASingleMachineSchedulingUsing Data Mining Based Approaches Balasundaram Rathinam, Baskar N, Siva Sankar R 446 73ApplicationofGeneticAlgorithminComputerAidedProcessPlanningA Review K .K.Natarajan, G.Dhanraj, S.Sam Chelladurai S.Dharani Kumar andVel Murugan 452 74SchedulingAGV-basedFlexibleJobshopManufacturingSystemand Reliability of Preventive Maintenance System. Paul Pandian P, Saravana Sankar S, Ponnambalam S.G , Victor Raj M 463 75SimulationbasedOptimizationinADynamicParallelHybridFlowShop Scheduling Problem - A Case Study T.K. Sivakumar, V.Asha Melba andR.Saravanan471 76ModificationofMillingandTurningToolInsertsPlantLayoutinaTool Manufacturing Company Madhusudhan K B, D.N. Shivappa, Munishkumar Y S 478 77Realignment of Production Flow Lines and Development of Product Layout for a Tool Manufacturing CompanyBopanna K D, D.N. Shivappa, Shyamsundar S 484 78PerformanceEvaluationofEfficientHeuristicforOptimalMakespanand Idle time in a Flow Shop Scheduling Muthu Kumaran and S.Muthu 490 79Optimizationofcuttingparameterinturningoperationusingantcolony algorithm. Vaibhav Pansare and M.V. Kavade 504 80Design of Cellular Manufacturing System under Dynamic Demands Subhaa R, Jawahar N 509 81Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm for Priority-Based Robust DesignVijay Rathod, Ajay Rathore, Rakesh Jain and Om Prakesh Yadav 519 82Measurement of Routing Flexibility of a Flexible Manufacturing System B Vipin, R Sridharan 525 83Planning Annualised Hours with Individualised Holiday PeriodsSureshkumar M.R, V. Madhusudanan Pillai 531 84Research Prospects in Sustainable Supply Chain Routing Problems K.Ganesh, P.Sivakumar, S.P.Anbuudayasankar 538 85A Genetic Algorithm for a Multi-constrained Robust Cell DesignAyneendra B, Madhusudanan Pillai V 544 86A Study on Textile Logistics Information System in Medium Level Spinning Industries In Tamil Nadu-Trends And Challenges K.T. Anand, A. Johnrajan 552 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xi87ManufacturingOperationsImprovementsforGlobalElectricaland Electronics Products Manufacturing Organization A Case Study R.A. Malairajan, K. Ganesh, S.P. Anbuudayasankar and S. Nagarajan559 88OrganizationalStructureandCommunicationDesignforKnowledge Management Solution Implementation S. Nagarajan, K. Ganesh, S.P. Anbuudayasankar 565 89RFID for Supply Chain Management Prashant Nair 572 90Decision Support Systems for Efficient Supply Chain Management Prashant Nair 579 91AnimprovedDiscretePSOAlgorithm(DPSOA)forstaticpermutation flowshop scheduling problems to minimize makespan K. Rameshkumar, Chandrasekharan Rajendran, K.M.Mohanasundaram 586 Stream: Condition Monitoring 92SelectionofWaveletsforFaultDiagnosisofMonoblockCentrifugalpump using J48 Algorithm Muralidharan V, Sugumaran V 594 93StudyofCascadingEffectofClassifiersanditsEffectonPerformancefor Fault Diagnosis Muralidharan V, Sugumaran V 601 94SurfaceRoughnessPredictionModelTakingMachineConditioninto Account A Neural Network Approach Bala Muruga Mohanraj. G, V Sugumaran 607 95Sample Size Determination for Auto Regressive Features of EEG Signals in Machine Learning Approach Using Power Analysis V Indira, R Vasanthakumari, V Sugumaran 613 96Study of Effect of Jatropha Bio-Diesel on Engine Vibrations Ashwin Candade, V. Sugumaran, S. Shashi Kumar 620 97Tool Wear Classification using Statistical Features and Fuzzy classifier in Turning Elangovan Mahadevan, Ramachandran K.I, Sugumaran V 625 98DevelopmentofDataAcqusitionSoftwareforPrecisionAngleMeasuring Sensor Using Labview S.Smys, David Solomon Raj Kondru and Eunice R H Karasala 631 99Condition Assessment of Robots in Flexible Assembly System Siddharth Sridhar, Muralidharan V andSugumaran V 637 100ApplicationofNaveBayesandDecisionTreeforFaultClassificationof Monoblock Centrifugal Pump N.R.Sakthi Vel, Sugumaran V andBinoy B. Nair 642 101FuzzyclassificationapproachtofaultdiagnosisofMonoblockcentrifugal pump using histogram features N.R.Sakthi Vel, Sugumaran V andBinoy B. Nair 646 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xii102ConditionMonitoringofSinglePointCuttingToolusingDiscreteWavelet Transform and Classification using Bayes Functions Elangovan Mahadevan, Ramachandran K.I, Sugumaran V 652 103Faultdiagnosisofrollerbearingsusingstationarywavelettransforms Theory Vs Practice V. Sugumaran and Ramachandran K.I 653 104Studies on Gradual Wear and Vibration of Roller Bearings using Support Vector Regression Sanjaya Kumar Kar, Sugumaran V 660 105Assessmentofreusabilityofcuttingtoolsforreuseusingmachinelearning approach J Gokulachandran, K Mohandas 663 106A Bimodal Brain Interface to Rehabilitate Paralyzed Individuals Hema C.R, Hamid Bin Adom, Paulraj M.P,Abdul, Erdy Sulino Mohd, Muslim Tan,SatheesKumar 676 107Wavelet Domain Wiener Filtering For Automotive Engine Vibration Signal Denoising Neethu Suman, Babu Devasenapati.S, Ramachandran.K.I and Kavitha D 680 Stream: Data Mining 108Mammogram Image Segmentation Using Weighted Fuzzy Entropy Laurence Aroquiaraj, Thangavel K 685 109Advanced Location Mapping Lohith M.S, M.Z Kurian 692 110Creation Of Digital Elevated Model Using Lunar Images Of Chandrayaan-1 K.S Sannidhi, M. Z Kurian 698 111Cold Aisle Containment, an effective way for data center optimization Shreeprasad Manohar, Sangita Bansode 702 112Voice Controlled Wheelchair Navigation Using Wavelet and Support Vector Machine V. Sugumaran 707 113Modeling of Auditory Brainstem Response for Evaluation of Auditory System Purushothaman G, Sugumaran V and Dhanalakshmi. G 712 114SampleSizeDeterminationfortheAuditorySystemwithAuditory Brainstem Response using Power Analysis V Indira, R Vasanthakumari, V Sugumaran 718 115ReviewofVariousTechniquesandApproachesUsedforOutlierDetection in Data Mining Divya D, Bhraguram T M , Athira Raj, Honey John 725 116Power Quality Disturbances Classification using Support Vector Machine Rathinam Ananthanaryanan, Ramesh R, Sattianadan D 732 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xiii117Transformer Protection using RBFNN Rathinam Ananthanaryanan, Sattianadan D 736 118Fault Classification of Transmission Lines Using SVM Rathinam Ananthanaryanan, Aditya B 741 119Mining Frequent Pattern without Candidate Generation Manikandan R P S, Shanmugam V 746 120Ann Approach for Modelling and Diagnosis of Cirrohosis Benzy V.K, Tessy Mathew and Nandamohan 751 121A Phoneme Based Sign Language Recognition System using Combined Blur and Affine Moment Interleaving feature and Neural Network Paulraj M P, Hema C.R, Sazali Yaacob, Mohd Shuhanaz ZanarAzalan, Rajkumar Palaniappan 757 Stream: Electrical, Electronic and Computer Systems Simulation 122Advantages of OTRA Circuits over Op-Amp Circuits: A study based on the comparison of the performances of the OTRA and the Op-Amp SoumyaBraganza,AnkitaSatija,DebaleenaBattachargee,Nuthalapati Suresh Srinivasulu Avireni 776 123DiagnosticRedesignForSimulatorSIM500&MassNotificationSystem With GSM Interface Swamy Darshan.B.G, K.B. Shivakumar, M.Z. Kurian 780 124Design of CPCI Card Based FPGA for Satellite Sensor Simulation Veerendra Shetty, Dr.M.Z Kurian, Srikanth Yadav M 785 125An Overview of Design and Development of Data Acquistion System for the battery pack for EV/ HEV applicationsMunikrishna D,Vinutha C.B, B.S. Nagabhushana andKurian M.Z 790 126Design of Adsl Modem for Wlan ApplicationsPrashanth B U V, Farheen Begum Mirza 794 127P-Q theory based shunt active power filter with minimum switch utilization Nandakumar M and Aseem K 801 128VLSIImplementationofCompressionTechniqueforNeuralSignal Processors Jayasanthi Ranjith, Muniraj NJR 808 129CPUBasedModeling,SimulationandControlofRealtimeEmbedded System Sachin Kohale 814 130AutomatedTestingofVitalComponentsandPostAccidentBreakAway System in Automobiles Using Microcontroller S.P. Nagappan andG. Muthu Kumar, 820 131Proposal of Manet Routing Protocol In Vanet Environment Jeevitha R, Dinesh S, Irfan Ahmed M S 829 132AnalysisanddesignofDutyPhaseControlforSinglePhaseBoost-Type Switching Mode Rectifier (SMR) Sridharan K, Sundaravazhuthi V 836 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xiv133ModelingandSimulationofDirectTorqueControlofInductionMotor Using Space Vector Modulation Pavan Kumar N.C, Shivananad S.Y, Shrinivas Gollar,Rafikahmmad P and Minal Salunke 841 134Simulation and Analysis of DSP Modules on the FPGA Processor Prashanth B U V 847 135AI Based Inductance Modeling of a 6/4 Pole switched Reluctance Machine D Susitra, S Paramasivam 851 136FPGA memory based decoder architecture for QC-LDPC codes Hemavathi Selvaraj, Karthiken C 858 137 An robotic arm based chess board for visually challenged V.Manoj Kumar, D.Razeen Mohideen 864 138E-LAB:ImplementationofvariousModulationandMultiplexingschemes for Software Defined RadioRanjini Ram, R Gandhiraj, K.P Soman 870 139LeanSimulationforLayoutPerformanceEvaluation:ACasestudyD. Amuthuselvan and K. Ganesan 877 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xvProfile of Invited Speakers Kurien Issac, K. Ph.D., Senior Professor & Head, Aerospace Engineering, IIST, VSSC, Trivandrum Ph.D. (IIT Madras, 1988) M.E. (IISc Bangalore, 1983) B.Sc. (Engg.) (College of Engineering Trivandrum, 1981) Area of Research: Kinematics of Mechanisms, Dynamics of Rigid Body Systems, Optimal Design, Automatic Control, Robotics, Aids for Rehabilitation. Experience: SeniorProfessor:IndianInstituteofSpaceScienceandTechnology,Thiruvananthapuram (July 2009 onwards on leave from IIT Bombay). Faculty:IndianInstituteofTechnologyBombay(February1988onwardscurrently Professor, served as Associate Dean R&D from August 2006 to July 2009). Visiting Scholar : University of Delaware (2004-05, on sabbatical from IIT Bombay). Engineer Trainee : Tata Consulting Engineers Bangalore (August 1983 to February 1984). Dr.C.Rajendran, Professor & Head, Department of Management Studies, IITM, Chennai Ph.D. (Industrial Engineering), IIT Madras, 1991 M.E. (Industrial Engineering), Anna University, 1984 B.E. (Hons.) Mechanical Engineering, University of Madras, 1982 Research Interests Scheduling in Supply Chain Transportation Problem Scheduling in Manufacturing Systems and Berth (Harbour) Inventory Optimization Economic Lot Size Scheduling Problem Total Quality Management and Service Quality Academic Achievements Recipient of Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship of Germany.Ranked one amoung the top 20 h-index POM researchers (1959-2008) in the world with an h-index of 21 Dr. Harish Cherukuri, Professor, University of North Carolina, USA Dr.HarishP.CherukurireceivedaB.Tech.inMechanicalEngineeringfromJawaharlal NehruTechnologicalUniversity,Hyderabadin1987,anM.S.inMechanicalEngineering from Montana State University in 1989, and a Ph.D. in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics fromtheUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaignin1994.HewasaPostdoctoral ResearchAssociateintheDepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringandEngineeringatthe University of North Carolina Charlotte from January, 1995 to December 1997. He has been a Faculty Member at University of North Carolina, Charlotte since 1997 and was promoted totherankoffullprofessorin2008.Duringhistenureinthisuniversity,hehaswon numerousteachingawards.Hewastherecipientof2001MaxheimFacultyFellowship 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xviAward and the 2011 Harshini V. de Silva Graduate mentor award. He was also a 2010-2011 Fulbright-Nehru senior research fellow to India. Besides his teaching and research activities, he served as the Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Mechanical Engineering andEngineeringSciencefrom2003to2009. Hisresearchinterestsareprimarilyin computationalsolidmechanics,finiteelementmethods,dynamicbehaviorofmaterials, fracture mechanics, modeling of manufacturing processes and metal forming problems, and laserprocessingofmaterials.Hisresearchworkhasappearedinseveralleadingjournals such as the International Journal of Plasticity, International Journal of Solids and Structures, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, and Proceedings of the Royal Society.Hehascontributedchaptersintwobooks,participatedandorganizedseveral research symposia at various international conferences. In 2009, he was an invited guest of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. In addition,hecurrentlyservesastheChairoftheMaterialsProcessingandManufacturing Technical Committee of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Dr. Eric Blanco, Grenoble Institute of Technology, France DrEricBlanco(Malebornin1970)isassociateprofessorinEngineeringDesignand productdevelopmentatIndustrialEngineeringSchooloftheGrenobleInstituteof Technology(GrenobleINP).HeispartoftheCollaborativeDesigngroupinG-SCOPlab. HegraduatedinMechanicalEngineering(Agrgration) from Ecole Normale Suprieure de Cachanin1993.HeobtainedhisPhdforhiscontributiontoanalysisoftheemergenceof solutionthroughsketcheswithindesignprocess.Heearnedhishablitationin2008, presentinghisresearchonanalysisofcoordinationandcooperationthroughproduct representationsandmodelsofinformationflowincollaborativedesign.Heactuallyworks oncollaborativedesigninthecontextofglobalR&Dorganizationandfrugalengineering contexts.Theseresearchesaremainlybasedonempiricalstudiescloselylinkedwith industry or based on experimental studies. He investigates different fields of design activity suchascivilengineeringandmechanicalengineeringandrecentlymicrotechnologies. Theseresearcheshadbeencarriedoutininterdisciplinarycollaborationwithcomputer scientists,socialscientistsorcognitivescientist.Hepublishedinsocialsciencesand engineering sciences. Dr. K. Arul Prakash, Assitant Professor, IITM Chennai Dr.K.ArulPrakashobtainedhisPh.D.fromIITKanpurintheyear2006afterhis graduation from Amrita University in 1998. After that he worked as post-doctoral fellow at LEGI(LaboratoryforindustrialandGeophysicalflows),Francefrom2006to2008.He joinedIITMadrasasAssistantProfessorintheDepartmentofAppliedMechanicsonJuly 2008. His research interests include Computational Fluid Dynamics and heat transfer, Large EddySimulationandrelatedtechniques,ThermalHydraulicsandparallelcomputing.He hadpublishedabout10journalarticlesinreputedInternationalandnationaljournalsand morethan20articlesinconferenceproceedings.Healsohasmanyongoingsponsored projects from AR&DB (Aerodynamics), BRNS etc. 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xviiDr.P.Radhakrishnan,Director,PSGInstituteofAdvancedStudies, Coimbatore-641 004 DrRadhakrishnanholdsaPh.D.inHydraulicControlSystemsfromPSGCollegeof Technology(MadrasUniversity),aM.TechfromIndianInstituteofTechnology(IIT), Madras and a B.Sc. in Engineering from Kerala University. He is a Fellow of the Institution ofEngineers(FIE),MemberoftheSystemsSocietyofIndia,MemberoftheComputer societyofIndia,MemberoftheSocietyofManufacturingEngineers(MSME),and AmericanSocietyforEngineeringEducation(ASEE).Hehasbeenthechairmanofthe CoimbatorechapterofComputerSocietyofIndia(CSI)andamemberofsyndicateof BharathiarUniversity,Coimbatore.HewasalsoamemberoftheBoardforIndustry Institute Interaction of AICTE. He has served as member of the AICTE Review Committee forUndergraduateEngineeringProgrammes.HehasalsoservedinseveralExpert CommitteesofMHRDandAICTE.HehasalsoservedasamemberoftheExecutive CommitteeoftheTamilnaduStateCouncilofscienceandTechnologyaswellasthe Southern Regional committee of AICTE. Dr.Rama Subrahmanyam Komaragiri ,NIT Calicut Ph.D from Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany M.Tech in Solid State Technology from IIT Madras M.Sc in Physics from IIT Bombay. ExpertiseinMicroelectronics,Nanoelectronics,SemiconductorDevicephysics, Semiconductor device modeling, VLSI process technology and modelling Dr.Sriharikumar, Director, ProSim, Bangalore Ph D (Structural Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore) with over 20 years of experience in Project Management, Finite Element software product development and Engineering Services.Currently working with ProSIM R&D Pvt Ltd., Bangalore as Director (Technical) to deliver design engineering services. Expertise in full life cycle FE Product DevelopmentHigh competency in Engineering Development in compliance to SEI-CMMI process. Wide Exposure to engineering services for verticals of Automotive, Aerospace, Defense, Space, Nuclear sectors.Continued Interactions with academic and R&D organizations like IISc., CSIR, NTPC, NPCIL, BARC, ISRO, BHEL, Tata Power, L&T, Boeing etc. Managed technical Teams of Size 60+ Professional Generics 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xviiiThe National Agency for Finite Element Methods and Standards (NAFEMS) India Education & Training Working Group Members.Honorary Council Member of Engineering Design and Analysis Forum (EDAF). Represented India at NAFEMS world congress at Vancouver, Canada.Member of the Board of Studies, BVB College of Engineering & Technology, Hubli, Karnataka State, India. Published 25+ papers in national and international journals and conferences. Dr.V.Sugumaran, VIT, Chennai Ph.D.fromAmritaVishwaVidyapeethamintheareaofconditionmonitoringofroller bearingusingmachinelearningapproachandwithover12yearsofacademicexperience withspecializationinthefieldofDatamining,MachineLearninginconditionmonitoring usingtoolslikeArtificialNeuralNetworks,Fuzzylogic,DataMiningandSupportVector Machines. Currently working with VIT Chennai campus as Associate Professor and guiding 8 Ph. D.,hehasauthoredabookInstrumentationandcontrolsystemsandhaspublishedover38 journalpapersinhisareaofinterest.Hehaspresentedover27papersinNationaland International conferences. He is serving in the editorial board as Editor for four international journals and reviewer for many international journals.HeisaUniversityGoldmedalistinM.Tech.fromVTU,Belgaum.Heisrecipientof leadingscientistsoftheworld2008,Internationalscientistoftheyear2008,2000 outstandingscientists2008/2009,IBCForemostEducatorsoftheWorld-2008andTop +100 Scientists 2008 by International biographical centre (IBC), Cambridge, England.2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xixPre-Conference Workshop on FEM and Practical Stress Analysis FEA has become widely used and universally accepted procedure in many industry sectors. Inordertoderivemaximumbenefitfromtheavailabletechnology,engineersshouldlearn aboutthemuchstrengthofnumericaltechniques.Atthesametime,recommendationson howtoavoidtheinevitablepitfallsareinvaluable.Twodayworkshopduring12-12-2011 and13-1202011isorganizedwiththeaimofpromotingtheeffectiveandreliableuseof FEA.Thisworkshopoffersexcellentguidanceonhowtojudgewhichapproximationsare acceptableandappropriateforsolvingawiderangeofpracticalproblems.Ofequal importanceisthemannerinwhichtheresultsareinterpreted.Adviceisprovidedwhich allowsthecorrectdecisionstobetaken,basedonresultswhichareknowntobereliable. Interactionisencouragedthroughouttheworkshop.Theworkshopiscompletelycode independent. Expert Tutors Mr . Nitin S. Gokhale CEO, Finite to Infinite, Pune. 15 years experience in CAE Projects 3 years stint at Mahindra & Mahindra andCarried out more than 250 successful projects & 150 corporate CAE trainings for Indian and Overseas clientsExtensive exposure to IDEAS, HyperMesh, Nastran, Ansys, Optistruct and FEMFAT Authored book on Practical Finite Element Analysis Mr . S. Rajagopal, Scientist E, ADE, DRDO, Bangalore 14 years experience as a Scientist in the Aeronautical Development Establishment Expertise in Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Conceptual product design with focus on aerodynamic and structural analysis Mr . M. Kannan, General Manager, R&D, TVS Motor Company, Hosur 23 years of experience in use of CAD and FEM for Automotive Industry Seven years as a senior product development engineer at the Ford Motor Company, USA Areas of interest: Dynamics, vibrations and finite element analysis Post-Conference symposium Post-conferencesymposiumisorganizedon17December2011atNationalInstituteof TechnologyCalicut,Calicut.Thissymposiumaimsatmeaningfuldiscussionbetween experts from governments, industry and academicians about latest trends and developments inmathematicalandnumericalmodellingandimplicationsofrecenttrendsforresearch design and practice. Featured Speakers Dr.D.D.EbenezerearnedhisB.Tech.degreefromIITMadrasandtheM.S.andPh.D. degreesfromUniversityofRhodeIsland,USA.Since1990,hehasbeenattheNaval Physical and Oceanographic Lab, DRDO, Kochi and has been Head, Transducer Group for 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxthelastsixyears.Hehaspublished30papersinleadinginternationalacousticsjournals, presentedpapersat17internationalconferences,anddelivered11invitedtalks.Hewas awardedtheGoldMedalbyIITMadrasandwonDRDOawardsin2002and2005.Heis oneoftheco-authorsofthepapergiven the best paper award by IEEE Ocean Engineering Society at SYMPOL 2009. He has guided 3 Ph.D. students and is a Fellow of the Acoustical SocietyofIndia.Hisprimaryinterestisinanalyticalmodelsofunderwaterelectroacoustic transducers and acoustics of fluid structure-interaction. Dr.VijayDamodarandidhisPh.D.inMechanicalEngineeringfromUniversityof Windsor,CanadawithspecializationinCFD/HeatTransfer.Dr.Damodaranhasmorethan 25papersinjournalsandconferences.HewasadirectoratCFDsocietyofCanadaand Adjunct Associate professoratUniversityofWindsor.HehasworkedintheInstituteofAerospaceResearch, NationalResearchCouncil,inCanadaforashortdurationandtheninVisteonandGMat Warren Technical Center for 10 years. He moved back to India in 2005 and started the Aero/ ThermalmanagementgroupandtheCFDgroup.Lastfiveyears,heisworkingatGeneral MotorstechnicalcenterinBangalore,wherehestartedtheAero,Thermal,Energy/Drive QualityandtheVehicleperformancegroups.Currently,heistheEngineeringGroup Manager handling Vehicle Performance Centers at General Motors Technical Center India. Dr.K.SudarsanGraduatedinAeronauticalEngg.fromMadrasInstituteofTechnology, Chromepet,Chennaiin1979,thefirstbatchofAnnaUniversity.HeearnedhisM.S.and Ph.D.degreesinOceanEngineeringfromIIT,Madrasin1982and1997respectively. Subsequently,hejoinedNavalPhysicalandOceanographicLaboratory,DRDO,Kochiin 1982.Hewasinstrumentalindesign,development,testingandcommissioningof underwater engineered systems About the host Institutions Amrita School of Engineering (ASE), Coimbatore, established by Mata Amritanandamayi Math, is located on a sprawling 400 acre campus at the foot-hills of the Western Ghats. The schoolofEngineeringwasstartedin1994andisoneoftheengineeringcollegesunder Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University). Amrita University is accredited with the highestgradeof'A'bytheNationalAssessmentandAccreditationCouncil(NAAC). MinistryofHumanResourcesDevelopment,Govt.ofIndia,listedAmritaVishwa Vidyapeethamincategory-Aalongwith37otherpremierinstitutionsofIndia.The DepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringofASEwhichwasstartedintheyear1994,offers B.TechprograminMechanicalEngineeringandM.TechprogramsinEngineeringDesign,ComputerIntegratedDesignandManufacturingandAutomotiveEngineering.The department also offers Ph.D. programs (for further details visit www.amrita.edu). NationalInstituteofTechnologyCalicut(NITC),isoneofthepremiertechnical institutionsinIndiafullyfundedbyGovernmentofIndia.Thiswasformerlyknownas Calicut Regional Engineering College. NITC is a technical institution of national importance set up by an Act of Parliament namely, the National Institute of Technology Act 2007. NITC issituatedinabeautifulcampusontheCalicut-Mukkamroad,about22kmfromCalicut. 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxiNITC has 13 academic departments and offers 10 graduate, 25 post graduate programs and Ph.D in various areas of engineering, science, technology and management. The institute has goodinfrastructureincomputing,informationtechnology,laboratories,andlibraries includingadigitallibrary.Theinstituteisa participantoftheTechnicalEducationQuality ImprovementProgram(TEQIP)oftheGovernmentofIndia(forfurtherdetailsvisit www.nitc.ac.in). NAFEMSistheInternationalAssociationfortheEngineeringAnalysiscommunityandit operates as an independent, non-profit organization. The scope of its activities encompasses allsimulationtechnology,includingFEAandCFD.NAFEMSbecomesinvolvedtocreate awarenessofnewanalysismethodologies,deliverappropriateeducationandtraining,and simulatetheadaptationofbestpracticesandeffectiveuseoftechnologybyofferinga platform for continuous professional development. NAFEMS and its members are involved in the application of many different types of engineering simulation covering both products andprocesses.Membershipexceeds950corporatemembersfromover32different countries. 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxii Invited Talks 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxiiiA New Class of Hybrid Finite Elements and Their Applications to Dynamic Problems in Solid Mechanics C.S. Jog1, H. P. Cherukuri, Professor2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering The Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012, India 2Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte, NC 28213, USA Abstract Special purpose finite elements such as the beam and shell elements are commonly used to model structures that have very high aspect ratios in one or more directions. These elements have the disadvantage that when they are used in conjunction with three-dimensional brick elements, provisions must be made to match the degrees of freedom between the two types of elements. In this presentation, a new class of three-dimensional brick elements that can be used for all problems ranging from very thin structures with high aspect ratios to very thick structuresarediscussed.Theelementsarebasedonatwo-fieldvariationalformulation wherestressesanddisplacementsaretreatedasindependentfields.Avarietyofstaticand dynamicproblemsinvolvingnonlinearelasticityandthermomechanicshavebeenusedto study the performance of these elements. The results from these studies are also presented. 2ndInternaAmrita SchMeEmechanicdaybasiinFig.1.signalstsignals emissionsignalsauseful automatidecided usefulfothemussystems. listedabdays digithemdueHence,iformusconvertermorechchooseatransduceappropriaassumetcareainformatisignalsismuchprthenthe signals informatihiddeniwererel(FFT),wsignalstoational Conferhool of Engineeechanical Engineersdecalelements.Represen.Oftenonetakenfrom maybe n,sound/noarerequired taskslikeon,control theparamorchosentassingsuitabMostofthoveareanaital processoetovariousithastobesingsuitabrs(ADC).ThallengesfaasuitableperanditsateDAQ thateverythandthe ionisavaisstaticinnroblem.Ifiproblemisandextrionfromthinit.Over lyingonFawhichwillcofrequencyrence on Simulaering, CoimbaSystems aealwithants/systemsintativeones ehastoprthesesystvibration, oiseorimforperformefault applicationmeterwhichsk,onehastbledataahesignalsoaloginnaturors are used tsobviousadeconverted bleAnalogThereareencedbyengparameter,asspecificacardetc.Hhingispropesignalscilabletouaturethenthitisdynamshowtoprractthe hesignals theyears, astFourier converttimydomainsigation Modelingtore 641 112.and SignalAppV. Sunumberof indayto arelisted rocessthe ems.The acoustic age.The mingsome diagnosis, s.Having hwillbe toacquire acquisition ofinterest re.Nowa to process dvantages. todigital g-to-digital noughand gineersto asuitable ationand Here,we erlytaken containing us.Ifthe hereisno micsignal, rocessthe required whichis engineers transform medomain gnals.Itis g and Analysis xxivl Processinproach ugumaran much informcompaisusestationFig- COSMA 201ng A Maeasierto mationin aredtotimeefulonly nary in natur. 1 CommonRequiredFeaturFeatFeatuDataac11, 14-16 Decachine Leainterprettfrequencedomain.Hwhenthe re. n Mechanicainformation/acreclassificationtureselectionureextractioncquisitionsysteSensorMachinecember 2011, arning therequiredcydomainHowever,thissignalsareal Systems ctionnemd n s e 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxvFig. 2 Flow chart of Machine learning activities Whensignalcharacteristicsfrequency componentschangeswithrespect to time, thenFFTmaynotbeveryhelpful.Then weneedsomemoderntechniqueswhich canlearnfromexampleswithfault tolerantcapability.Machinelearningor otherwiseknownaspatternrecognition techniquescomehandyinhelpingusto handlenon-stationarysignals.Machine learningalgorithmslearnfromsamples and help us to do data modeling. Machine learningconsistsoffeatureextraction, featureselectionandclassification.The flowchartofeventsisshowninFig.2. Eachstagehasitsownchallenges. Speciallyfeaturedefinition,selectionand classification.Thechallengesindifferent phases are depicted in Fig. 3 to Fig.8. Fig. 3 Challenges in data collection Fig. 4. Challenges in choice of features Fig.5 Challenges in Model Choice Fig. 6 Challenges in training Fig.7 Challenges in evaluation Fig. 8 Challenges in computational complexity 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxviInessence,onehasalottodecide onthebasisofsomereference.Many thingsaredonearbitrarilywithoutmuch scientific back ground. In that context and applicationpointofview,mechanical engineersinspecificandengineersin generalhavealotofchallengesahead. Once,weidentifysuchproblemsthen solving may be done easily. 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxviiA SUPG Based Finite ElementApproachfor SimulatingFluid Flow and Heat TransferApplications K Arul Prakash Assistant Professor Department of Applied Mechanics,Indian Institute of Technology Madras,INDIA arulk@iitm.ac.in Fluidflow andheattransferplayaverysignificant roleinnature,livingorganismsand inavarietyofpracticalsituations.Itisimportanttoknowthevelocity,pressureand temperaturefields,indetail,inalargenumberofpracticalapplications.Inactual conditions,theseproblemsarelotmorecomplexasitinvolvesnon-lineargoverning equationsand/orboundaryconditionsandirregulargeometries.Theseproblemscanbe solved byusing Finite Difference Method, Fi-nite Volume Method, andFinite Element Method as numerical tool.In this study, we discretize the equations governing fluid flow andheattransferapplicationsusingFiniteElementMethod(FEM).Theadvantagesof FEMareitsbuilt-inabilitiestohandleunstructuredmeshes,complexgeometries,rich family of element types and natural handling of boundary conditions. Fortheseproblems,theclassicalGalerkinfiniteelementmethodbasedonWeighted residualformulationinvolvestwomainsourcesofpotentialnumericalinstabilities.One sourceisduetothepresenceofadvectionterms,duetoEuleriandescriptionofthe governing equations, which results in spurious node-to-node oscillations primarily in the velocityfield.Suchoscillationsbecomemoreapparentforadvection-dominated(i.e., highReynoldsnumber)flowsandflowswithsharplayersinthesolution.Theother sourceofinstabilityisduetoinappropriatecombi-nationsofinterpolationfunctionsto represent the velocity and pressure fields [1]. The SUPG (Streamline Upwind-Petrov Galerkin) stabilization is achieved by adding to the Galerkinformulationaseriesofterms,eachintheformofanintegraloveradifferent element.Theseintegralsinvolvetheproductoftheresidualofthemomentumequation andtheadvec-tiveoperatoractingonthetestfunction.Theabovediscontinuoustest functionsintroduceacorrectivediffusionwithanon-zerocoefficientonlyinthe direction oftheresultant element velocity vector calculated at the geometric center of the element [2]. The present talk will focus on SUPG based FEM formulation for discretizing equationsgoverningthephysicalprocessoffluidflowandheattransferandpresenting some results simulated using this technique in novel configurations of practical interest. Figure1depictthestreamlines,pressureandtemperaturec ontoursinthespallation targetmoduleofanAcceleratorDriven sub-criticalSystem (ADS) for Reynolds number (Re)=500.Aprimaryvortexisobservedneartheinletsectionalongtheguidedueto sudden expansion of the flow domain. The pressure decreases uniformly in the straight part of the flow passage, up to the stagnation zone. A very high pressure zone is observed very closetothecornerofthestagnationzoneonthewindowside.Thereafter,pressure decreasessteeplyduetotheacceleratedflowbetween the first vortex and the secondary vortexonthewindowsurface.Thethermalboundarylayeralongthewindowside represents convective heat transfer which enhances with Reynolds number [3]. 2ndInternaAmrita SchFigudrivenchorizontopwalthefiguconvectFurtsim- ula Figure 1at Re=500 Refe 1.T.Ecompu- ational Conferhool of Engineeure2illustracavitywhental walls of llismaintaiure,itisobion dominatther we will ated using ou1:Streamlin0 ZY Figure 2: Ierences E.Tezduyartation, Advarence on Simulaering, CoimbaatetheIso-snRi=0.00thesquare cinedathighbservedthates the buoyadiscuss morur SUPG basnes, PressureIso-surfaces r,Stabilizedances in Appation Modelingtore 641 112.xsurfacesoft01forRe=cavityareashtemperaturt,whenRiancy-driven cre validationsed in-housee and TempeT1 0.9 0.85 0.8 0.75 0.7 0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 (a) of temperatudFiniteElplied Mechang and Analysis xxviiitemperature=100andRssumed tobereandbottomisnegligiblconvection [4 and practicae code. erature contoZ Y X ure in a cavilementformnics 28 (199- COSMA 201formixed Re=400. eadiabatic amwallatlolysmall,the4]. al problemsours i n the ta0.95X ty for (a) Remulationsfor2), 1-44. 11, 14-16 DecconvectioniInthisproandimpermeowtemperatemechanicaof engineeri arget systemT1 0.95 0.9 0.85 0.8 0.75 0.7 0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 (b) e=100 (b) RerIncomprescember 2011, inashear-oblem,the eable.The ture.From allydriven ing interest m of an ADST e=400 ssibleflow S 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxix 2.A.N.Brooks,T.J.R.Hughes,StreamlineUpwind/Petrov-Galerkinformulationsfor con-vectiondominatedflowswithparticularemphasisontheIncompressibleNavier-Stokes equations, Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Engg. 32 (1982) 199-259. 3.K.ArulPrakash,G.Biswas,B.V.RathishKumar,Thermalhydraulicsofthe spallation target module of an accelerator driven sub-critical system: A numerical study, Int. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 49 (2006) 4633-4652. 4.R. Iwatsu, J.M. Hyun, Three-dimensional driven-cavity flows with a vertical temperature gradient,Int. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 38 (1995) 3319-3328.

2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxxStudying product models for modeling collaborative design process. Eric Blanco Grenoble Institute of Technology, France Abstract SincetheCADmodelsanddigitaldesignhadbeentransformingdesignpractices,every designprocessofengineeringproductsisrequiringalotofmodelsandsimulation. Furthermorecomplexityofproductandsystemsoftenrequirestheinvolvementofmany disciplinesinthedesign,eachoneinvolvingitsownrepresentationsandmodelsofthe problemandproducts.TheglobalizationofR&Dprocesseswithincrossnational organizationsrequirestheabilitytocollaboratearoundthesedigitalmodels.Thusthe extremeheterogeneityofdesignrepresentationsandmodelsisacrucialproblemforthe performance of design activity. The rational Myth of the continued digital chain without any hole,supportedbytheextremeprogressofdigitalmodelingandsimulationinengineering designisstillpresentinthewayonesthinkabouttheinformationsharinginthedesign process.Thestudyoftheserepresentationswithinthedesignteamsisakeypointto understanddesignprocessitself.Wellillustratethroughdifferentempiricalstudiesin industryorinthelabhowtheanalysisoftheproductmodelsinusecouldrevealdesign processes and lack in design modeling technologies. 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011, 14-16 December 2011, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. xxxiRoll of Prescription, Mechanics and Numerical Simulation in Engineering Industry B Sreehari KumarMember NAFEMS India Education and Training Working Group Bangalore Sreeharikumar.b@gmail.com Abstract This is a multi-disciplinary topic, dealing with Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis of Mechanicalsystems.Design(Prescription) isthebridgebetweenResearchand Practice.Aftergivingabriefintroductionto Science and technology, the roll of codes of practices(Prescription)inProduct EngineeringandinternSimulationPractice basedonengineeringmechanics,the traditionaldesignprocess,theroleof currentCAEinthereductionofoverall designcycletimeandbriefhistoryofFEA is discussed. ThedifferentstagesofFEprocesses, namely,initialthinkingprocessonall aspectsoftheproblem,Modeling, materials,BCs,solvertype,resultsandits interpretationetc,arediscussed.The differentsourcesoferrorsrightfromthe physicalmodeltothefinalsolutionofthe mathematical problem and how these errors can be minimized are discussed. Afewexamplesinengineeringindustry suchasNuclearStructures,WindEnergy Structures,MarineStructures,Automobile Structures,SpaceStructures,MEMS Devices, etc. are discussed.Nuclear Structures TheSeismicAnalysisandDesign aspectsofmechanicalequipmentsina Nuclear Power plant are discussed in detail. Seismic analysis and evaluation of safety arevitalforallstructuresinseismicprone zones.Itisparticularlysoforimportant structuressuchasnuclearpowerplants including piping systems, long span bridges etc.Specialtechniquesderivedfrompast experienceonseismiceventsand experimentaltestingmaybeacceptablein theevaluationprocess.Also,thereexist standardcodesofpracticeindifferent countries for guidance in seismic evaluation anddecisionmaking.Thesestandards providemethodologyforcomputing seismicresponsesinstructuresandits components.Ontheotherhand,USNRC, IAEA,ASCE,ASMEetc.especiallyset normsforuseintheseismicanalysisand qualificationofnuclearpowerplant structuresandassociatedcomponents.Use ofthesestandardsensuresthatseismic responseshavearound90%probabilityof non-exceedanceforaninputresponse spectrumspecifiedat84thpercentilenon-exceedancelevel.Fordesignpurposes, ASME code specifies special checks on the seismicanalysisresultsonstresses.The seismicresponsesareduetodeadload, otherprescribedloadsandresponse spectrum dynamic loads. ANuclearPowerPlanthas,Civil Structures,Mechanicalsystems,Electrical systems, Instrumentation systems. NuclearStructuralBuildingSystems: Nuclearpowerplantconsistsofimportant buildingsuchasReactorContainment 2ndInternaAmrita SchBuildingTurbine Stack qualificatInaddmechanicseventy kthenuclearefurthElbow,TseismicqNC, or Nas per AS SecondarRacks,MMedium Panels, TInvertersPanels, InSensors, requires sTheffromtheto be appstructure ational Conferhool of Enginee,Steam Building,Setc.whichtion as per Aditiontocivcalequipmekilometers oearbuildinghercategoriT-joint,ReduqualificationND. 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LoadDesignc+OperatinLevelB(loads +UpLevelC(loads +UpLevelD condition)c,Eigenasarecarrieralresponsedstaticanual responsealresponseaper the ASMsions:discussion cthecodesanmportance oneed enginee11, 14-16 Decanalysisistoheresponse d Combinatiocondition g loads) (Self-weightpset Conditio(Self-weightpset Conditio(Self-weig andresponsdouttodeseindividunddynamic s are combinandthedesME code. concludes onndeducatethof these pracers not apprecember 2011, obecarriedfortheloadons are: (Self-weight+Operatingon OBE)t+Operatingon SSE)ght+faultedsespectrumeterminetheuallyunderloads.Thened to obtainigncheckisn the need toheengineerstices.entices. d d ht g g d m e r e n s o s 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 1Schedule Session 1: Finite Element AnalysisIDate: 14-12-2011 Time: 3.00 p.m to 5.00 p.m Venue: Seminar Hall 1 (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 12 Thefiniteelementmethod:atooltoevaluateshearbondstrengthofrecycled dental bracket Shivakumar Hadagali,Basavaraj Endigeri,Shivakant Kurbet 54 Design and Analysis of Human Skull Model Jeet Kumar K., Ashish P.,Abhay P., Venkatachalam G.and Narayanan, S. 78 Design and Analysis of Metallic Thermal Protection System (MTPS) Suneeth Sukumaran, Anilkumar S.H 81 Evaluation of Stiffness of Aluminum hexagonal honeycomb core sandwich panels by FE methods Rajkumar . S, Raghupathy . V. P, Ravindran . D 85 PseudoElasticMethodcoupledwith4-nodedIso-ParametricFiniteElementfor solving inelastic problems Paul Murugan J, Raju Sethuraman, Thomas Kurian, Srinivasan V 120 FatiguebehaviorandlifepredictionofaSteeringKnuckleusingFiniteElement Analysis S.Madhusudhanan Sivaraj, I.Rajendran, P.T.Saravanakumar 133 Structural Instability Analysis of Hyperelastic Thermal Protection Boot in a Solid Rocket Motor Atha Ur Rahman Khan, A. Yezhil Arasu, Thomas Kurian 139 FEAnalysisofMiddleAxlesuspensionSpringofElectricLocomotiveWAG-9 of Indian Railways Manoj Kumbhalkar, Y. L. Yenarkar 154 Systemlevelmodeling,3DElectromechanicalsimulationandvirtualfabrication ofMEMScapacitivepressuresensorfortirepressuremonitoringusing INTELLISUITE Manju Mittal, Deepika Saini, Anurekha Sharma 160 NumericalSimulationofStress-StrainCurveandtheMicroStressandMicro Strain Distributions of the near Ti Alloy Srinivasu Gangi Setti, Nandy T.K., Narasimha Rao R. 161 Finite Element Modeling of The Cold Rolling Process and Optimization Using Genetic AlgorithmAjith Ramesh, Devarajan K, Prakash Marimuthu K 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 2Session 2: Mathematical Modeling I Date: 14-12-2011 Time: 3.00 p.m to 5.00 p.m Venue: Seminar Hall 2 (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 6 Multi strings secrete key stream ciphers (forty five strings) using attributes of two digits magic numbers Amol Muley 74 DamageIdentificationofCrackedBeamSubstructureUsingCombinedPower Flow and Acceleration Technique Cibu K. Varghese, K. Shankar 89 Modeling & Simulation of NOx Formation in IC Engine fueled with Biodiesel S Sivalakshmi, T Balusamy and R. Yuvaraj 92 Mathematical Modeling of Dengue Fever Sujatha Janardhan 95 Model-Based Composition Control of Binary Batch Distillation Column VarunMukthinuthalapati,MirunalineSridaran,JaikumarSoundararajan,S.R. Sharmila and Murali Rangarajan 111 Modeling, Simulation and Rapid Prototyping of a Spherical Parallel Manipulator, The Agile Eye Samuel M N, G B Rudrakshi 125 Modeling,SimulationandControlofTheMicro-TurbineBasedDistributed Generation Unit with Local LoadRenuka Devi V, Jijo Joseph 130 TheoreticalandExperimentalPerformanceandEmissionAnalysisofVegetable oil Ester Operated CI Engine for various Injection Pressure Sundara Pandian, Deva Rajane 131 Simulation of Microstructure Evolution through the Monte Carlo Method Anirudh Bhat, Kalale Phaneesh, K.T.Kashyap and Gautam Mukherjee 137 Modal Analysis of Beams with Single Off-Centered Progressive Crack Sheik Imam 147 ModellingIntelligentTransportationSystemsandTheirEffectstoGreen EnvironmentMukeshkumar Meena, B Rajasekhar, Vijay Kumar Kaushal 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 3Session 3: Process Modeling I Date: 14-12-2011 Time: 3.00 to 5.00 pm Venue: CAD LAB (Ground Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 39 Modeling and analysis of surface roughness in Turning using Fuzzy-Logic and its comparison to Response regression analysis Laxman Abhang and M.Hameedullah 62 PredictionofSurfaceRoughnessinBoringOperationByLinearRegression Analysis Bala Muruga Mohanraj. G, Sugumaran. V 73 Modeling and analysis of tool wear based on cutting force and chip-tool interface temperatures in metal cutting Laxman Abhang and M.Hameedullah 84 Modelingofbiomassthermo-chemicalgasificationusingartificialneural networks N K Priyak, C C Sreejith , P Arun and C Muraleedharan 87 Optimization of Deep Cryogenic Treatment to Enhance Hardness of En 19 Steel Senthilkumar D, Rajendran I 90 Optimiztion of The Cutting Parameters of Turning Operation Using Genetic Algorithm Prakash Marimuthu Kand J.Gokulachandran 100 Automation of Boilers Using Labview Michael Siddhartha, Naveen Kumar 101 ModellingthePerformanceparametersofsolarhybridadsorptionrefrigeration system by using neural network Baiju V, C Muraleedharan 107 ExperimenalInvestigationofProcessParametersinDrillingOfAisi1015Steel for Exit Burr Vishal Dhanke, Nitin Phafat 108 Modelingandperformanceanalysisofmultiplequalitycharacteristicsindrilling under Minimum Quantity Lubrication Krishnan Sundara Murthy, I .Rajendran 118 Multi-Response Optimization of EDM Parameters using Grey Relational Analysis Arun L, Praveen N, Subramanian R, Venkat PrasatS 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 4Session 4: Computational Fluid DynamicsDate: 15-12-2011 Time: 11.15 am to 1.00 pm Venue: Seminar Hall 1 (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 72 Simulation studies of Solar water heater with Vapour Adsorption material M.Gowtham, M.Sarath Chandar and Amrit Om Nayak 104 3DModelingandVirtualSimulatorforaFlat-fishShapedAutonomous Underwater Vehicle S Saravanakumar, Divya Konda, B Keerthana, T Asokan 148 SimulationandVerificationofBernoullisTheoremonaConvergent-Divergent Nozzle using Computational Fluid Dynamics Darshil Gandhi andAshwin Menon 176 Effectiveboundaryconditionsmodelingforsteamturbineexhausthood performance prediction Veerabathra Swamy K, Senthilkumar A 178 Numerical Investigation of Bubble Enhanced Heat Transfer from Vertical Heated Surface Senthil Kumar Sundararaj, Yann Delaure 179 Damping Characteristics Study on A Cantilever Beam Using Magneto Rheological Fluids Bharathi Raj Kumar M B, Jayant S S and Senthilkumar 194 Design, Modeling, and Control of MEMS Based Low Flow Rate Micropump K.Ganesan and V. Palanisamy 230 Design,Simulation&AnalysisofForcesexertedonaNewModeledUnmanned Aerial Vehicle Sidhant Dhall, Vivek Ranjan 238 CFD Analysis of Flow Control around a Circular Cylinder by Blowing J S Vincent Singh Churchil, Venkatesh 239 CFD Simulation of Flow around a Car Spoiler J S Vincent Singh Churchil, Venkatesh 253 Nozzle Flow Analysis ofa Cryogenic Rocket Engine Hariprasad M P, Nithin K P, Parvathy Unnikrishnan 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 5Session 5: Finite Element Analysis II Date: 15-12-2011 Time: 11.15 am to 1.00 pm Venue: Seminar Hall 2 (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 177 FiniteElementsimulationoftheLocal AngularMisalignmentattheLongSeam Weld Joint in Cylindrical shells of Solid Rocket Motor Case Yezhil Arasu, Thomas Kurian, P. J. Abraham, V. Srinivasan 186 An Investigation and Analysis of Adhesive bonded Lap Joint Ranjeet Deshmukh, Sachin Sonawane 190 Fatigue Analysis of Cryogenic Treated EN19 Steel Using Ansys Workbench Giridhardhayalan M, Rajendran I, Selva Senthil Prabhu C, Senthilkumar D 198 Development and Dynamic analysis of Generic Nose Landing Gear as Four DOF system Kiran Christopher, Anoop Kumar S 203 FiberDamagePredictionofLaminatedCompositePlatesunderImpactloading using ANSYS V Balasubramani, S Rajendra Boopathy, M Venkatesh, K Kalai Kovan213 Numerical Modeling of Piezoelectric Actuation Using MSC Marc Mentat Manik Rao Kulkarni, Vivek Prabhakar 240 ContactStress-StrainandWearAnalysisofSomeThermoplasticsonZerodur Glass Ajith Ramesh, Raghu V Prakash, Arun Kumar S, Dhayanidhi. N244 Numerical simulation of material flow during dissimilar friction stir welding R. Padmanaban, V. Balusamy ,V. Ratna Kishoreand V.Balasubramanian 247 Three dimensional Mould-filling Simulation of thin wall casting for filling rates Selvaraj J, Ratna Kishore, Ganesh Babu 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 6Session 6: Mathematical Modeling II Date: 15-12-2011 Time: 11.15 a.m to 1.00 p.m Venue: CAD LAB (Ground Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 159 NumericalAnalysisontheStabilityofaNaturalCirculationBoilingWater Reactor - Effect of Geometric Parametric of PHT Loop S P Lakshmanan, R S Rao, S K Gupta 171 ModelingofMaterialRemovalRateofAbrasivehotairjetmachiningonGlass using Dimensional Analysis Jagannatha. N, Sadashivappa. K, Somashekhar. S Hiremath 180 Coordinated Obstacle Avoidance System of S-Bots RathinamAnanthanaryanan,AtulKumarJha,BaibhabGuruGuru,Binoy Acharya185 Asymptotic stability of uncertain reaction-diffusion stochastic fuzzy BAM neural networks with mixed delays and Markovian jumping parameters. Vidhya Chandra Mohan, P. Balasubramaniam 193 Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Two-Dimensional Incompressible Driven Cavity Flow at High Reynolds Numbers D. Arumuga Perumal, Ranjan Das 206 Modeling and analysis of airfoil and wing geometry using XFLR5 Krishnan S 210 Vibration Analysis of a Mass Varying System Govind M and Ajith K.Mani 214 Environmental Modelling and Forecasting Gitanjali Janarthanan, Sindhu Parthasarathy, Vishaka Jeyakumar 215 DesignandAnalysisofMulti-fingeredDexterousHandBasedonanInnovative Asymmetric Flexible Pneumatic Actuator C.P. Sankar Menon, Ganesha Udupa, Pramod Sreedharan 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 7Session 7: Process Modeling II Date: 15-12-2011 Time: 11.15 a.m to 1.00 p.m Venue: Automation Lab (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 136 ModelingofElectricDischargeMachiningresponsevariablesusingDesignof Experiments Siva Prasad Arikatla, K Allesuand Jose Mathew 164 Investigationofmachiningparametersinnickelbasedsuperalloyinconel718 using design of experimentsThirumalai Ramanathan, Senthil Kumaar J.S 201 Prediction on Wear of Al7075-Al2O3 MMCs using Artificial Neural Networks Gonal Basavaraj Veeresh Kumar, C.S.P. Rao, Nagamuthu Selvaraj 211 Friction behaviour in deep drawing Araveeti C Sekhara Reddy, S.Rajesham and P.Ravindar Reddy 216 SomeStudiesonBallBurnishingParameterson60/40Cu-ZnAlloyUsing Factorial DesignPavana Kumara and G.K. Purohith 227 Optimization of Turning Process Parameters using Global Algorithm Sathish Kumar V.R 231 Experimental Investigations on Laser Weldability for Different Stainless SteelJeevanand Janardhan, Gururaj Telsang and Thirumalini Subramaniam233 InfluenceofProcessParametersonWearBehaviourofHybridAluminium Composites Radhika Suresh, Subramanian R 243 AstudyontheMachiningparametersoptimizationofZrB2+SiCComposites using Electrical Discharge Machining A Sumesh, K Rameshkumar, Hanamantray Baluragi 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 8Session 8: Operations Management I Date: 15-12-2011 Time: 3 p.m to 4.00 p.m Venue: Seminar Hall 1 (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 18 MinimizingMaximumLatenessinASingleMachineSchedulingUsingData Mining Based Approaches Balasundaram Rathinam, Baskar N, Siva Sankar R 64 ApplicationofGeneticAlgorithminComputerAidedProcessPlanningA Review K .K.Natarajan, G.Dhanraj, S.Sam Chelladurai S.Dharani Kumar andVel Murugan 86 SchedulingAGV-basedFlexibleJobshopManufacturingSystemandReliability of Preventive Maintenance System. Paul Pandian P, Saravana Sankar S, Ponnambalam S.G , Victor Raj M 96 SimulationbasedOptimizationinADynamicParallelHybridFlowShop Scheduling Problem - A Case Study T.K. Sivakumar, V.Asha Melba andR.Saravanan105 ModificationofMillingandTurningToolInsertsPlantLayoutinaTool Manufacturing Company Madhusudhan K B, D.N. Shivappa, Munishkumar Y S 106 Realignment of Production Flow Lines and Development of Product Layout for a Tool Manufacturing CompanyBopanna K D, D.N. Shivappa, Shyamsundar S 109 PerformanceEvaluationofEfficientHeuristicforOptimalMakespanandIdle time in a Flow Shop Scheduling Muthu Kumaran and S.Muthu 114 Optimizationofcuttingparameterinturningoperationusingantcolony algorithm. Vaibhav Pansare and M.V. Kavade 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 9Session 9: Condition Monitoring I Date: 15-12-2011 Time: 3 p.m to 4.00 p.m Venue: Seminar Hall 2 (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 55 Selection of Wavelets for Fault Diagnosis of Monoblock Centrifugal pump using J48 Algorithm Muralidharan V, Sugumaran V 56 StudyofCascadingEffectofClassifiersanditsEffectonPerformanceforFault Diagnosis Muralidharan V, Sugumaran V 63 SurfaceRoughnessPredictionModelTakingMachineConditionintoAccount A Neural Network Approach Bala Muruga Mohanraj. G, V Sugumaran 75 SampleSizeDeterminationforAutoRegressiveFeaturesofEEGSignalsin Machine Learning Approach Using Power Analysis V Indira, R Vasanthakumari, V Sugumaran 88 Study of Effect of Jatropha Bio-Diesel on Engine Vibrations Ashwin Candade, V. Sugumaran, S. Shashi Kumar 110 Tool Wear Classification using Statistical Features and Fuzzy classifier in Turning Elangovan Mahadevan, Ramachandran K.I, Sugumaran V 123 Development of Data Acqusition Software for Precision Angle Measuring Sensor Using Labview S.Smys, David Solomon Raj Kondru and Eunice R H Karasala 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 10Session 10: Data Mining I Date: 15-12-2011 Time: 3 p.m to 4.00 p.m Venue: CAD LAB (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 10 Mammogram Image Segmentation Using Weighted Fuzzy Entropy Laurence Aroquiaraj, Thangavel K 26 Advanced Location Mapping Lohith M.S, M.Z Kurian 36 Creation Of Digital Elevated Model Using Lunar Images Of Chandrayaan-1 K.S Sannidhi, M. Z Kurian 50 Cold Aisle Containment, an effective way for data center optimization Shreeprasad Manohar, Sangita Bansode 57 VoiceControlledWheelchairNavigationUsingWaveletandSupportVector Machine V. Sugumaran 61 Modeling of Auditory Brainstem Response for Evaluation of Auditory System Purushothaman G, Sugumaran V and Dhanalakshmi. G 71 SampleSizeDeterminationfortheAuditorySystemwithAuditoryBrainstem Response using Power Analysis V Indira, R Vasanthakumari, V Sugumaran 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 11Session 11: Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems Simulation I Date: 15-12-2011 Time: 3 p.m to 4.00 p.m Venue: Automation Lab (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 13 AdvantagesofOTRACircuitsoverOp-AmpCircuits:Astudybasedonthe comparison of the performances of the OTRA and the Op-Amp SoumyaBraganza,AnkitaSatija,DebaleenaBattachargee,NuthalapatiSuresh Srinivasulu Avireni 15 DiagnosticRedesignForSimulatorSIM500&MassNotificationSystemWith GSM Interface Swamy Darshan.B.G, K.B. Shivakumar, M.Z. Kurian 17 Design of CPCI Card Based FPGA for Satellite Sensor Simulation Veerendra Shetty,M.Z Kurian, Srikanth Yadav M 25 AnOverviewofDesignandDevelopmentofDataAcquistionSystemforthe battery pack for EV/ HEV applicationsMunikrishna D,Vinutha C.B, B.S. Nagabhushana andKurian M.Z 42 Design of Adsl Modem for Wlan ApplicationsPrashanth B U V, Farheen Begum Mirza 46 P-Q theory based shunt active power filter with minimum switch utilization Nandakumar M and Aseem K 103 VLSI Implementation of Compression Technique for Neural Signal Processors Jayasanthi Ranjith, Muniraj NJR 115 CPU Based Modeling , Simulation and Control of Real time Embedded System Sachin Kohale 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 12Session 12: Operations Management II Date: 16-12-2011 Time: 10.45a.m to 12.45 p.m Venue: Seminar Hall 1 (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 121 Design of Cellular Manufacturing System under Dynamic Demands Subhaa R, Jawahar N 140 Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm for Priority-Based Robust DesignVijay Rathod, Ajay Rathore, Rakesh Jain and Om Prakesh Yadav 168 Measurement of Routing Flexibility of a Flexible Manufacturing System B Vipin, R Sridharan 172 Planning Annualised Hours with Individualised Holiday PeriodsSureshkumar M.R, V. Madhusudanan Pillai 184 Research Prospects in Sustainable Supply Chain Routing Problems K.Ganesh, P.Sivakumar, S.P.Anbuudayasankar 191 A Genetic Algorithm for a Multi-constrained Robust Cell DesignAyneendra B, Madhusudanan Pillai V 197 AStudyonTextileLogisticsInformationSysteminMediumLevelSpinning Industries In Tamil Nadu-Trends And Challenges K.T. Anand, A. Johnrajan 202 ManufacturingOperationsImprovementsforGlobalElectricalandElectronics Products Manufacturing Organization A Case Study R.A. Malairajan, K. Ganesh, S.P. Anbuudayasankar and S. Nagarajan205 OrganizationalStructureandCommunicationDesignforKnowledge Management Solution Implementation S. Nagarajan, K. Ganesh, S.P. Anbuudayasankar 207 RFID for Supply Chain Management Prashant Nair 208 Decision Support Systems for Efficient Supply Chain Management Prashant Nair 235 An improved Discrete PSO Algorithm (DPSOA) for static permutation flowshop scheduling problems to minimize makespan K. Rameshkumar, Chandrasekharan Rajendran, K.M.Mohanasundaram 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 13Session 13: Condition Monitoring II Date: 16-12-2011 Time: 10.45a.m to 12.45 p.m Venue: Seminar Hall 2 (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 143 Condition Assessment of Robots in Flexible Assembly System Siddharth Sridhar, Muralidharan V andSugumaran V 144 ApplicationofNaveBayesandDecisionTreeforFaultClassificationof Monoblock Centrifugal Pump N.R.Sakthi Vel, Sugumaran V andBinoy B. Nair 145 FuzzyclassificationapproachtofaultdiagnosisofMonoblockcentrifugalpump using histogram features N.R.Sakthi Vel, Sugumaran V andBinoy B. Nair 150 ConditionMonitoringofSinglePointCuttingToolusingDiscreteWavelet Transform and Classification using Bayes Functions Elangovan Mahadevan, Ramachandran K.I, Sugumaran V 167 Fault diagnosis of roller bearings using stationary wavelet transforms Theory Vs Practice V. Sugumaran and Ramachandran K.I 170 Studies on Gradual Wear and Vibration of Roller Bearings using Support Vector Regression Sanjaya Kumar Kar, Sugumaran V 187 Assessmentofreusabilityofcuttingtoolsforreuseusingmachinelearning approach J Gokulachandran, K Mohandas 241 A Bimodal Brain Interface to Rehabilitate Paralyzed Individuals Hema C.R, Hamid Bin Adom, Paulraj M.P,Abdul, Erdy Sulino Mohd, Muslim Tan,SatheesKumar 248 WaveletDomainWienerFilteringForAutomotiveEngineVibrationSignal Denoising Neethu Suman, Babu Devasenapati.S, Ramachandran.K.I and Kavitha D 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 14Session 14: Data Mining II Date: 16-12-2011 Time: 10.45 a.m to 12.45 p.m Venue: CAD LAB (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 116 ReviewofVariousTechniquesandApproachesUsedforOutlierDetectionin Data Mining Divya D, Bhraguram T M , Athira Raj, Honey John 181 Power Quality Disturbances Classification using Support Vector Machine Rathinam Ananthanaryanan, Ramesh R, Sattianadan D 182 Transformer Protection using RBFNN Rathinam Ananthanaryanan, Sattianadan D 183 Fault Classification of Transmission Lines Using SVM Rathinam Ananthanaryanan, Aditya B 196 Mining Frequent Pattern without Candidate Generation Manikandan R P S, Shanmugam V 209 Ann Approach for Modelling and Diagnosis of Cirrohosis Benzy V.K, Tessy Mathew and Nandamohan 242 A Phoneme Based Sign Language Recognition System using Combined Blur and Affine Moment Interleaving feature and Neural Network Paulraj M P, Hema C.R, Sazali Yaacob, Mohd Shuhanaz ZanarAzalan, Rajkumar Palaniappan 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 15Session 15: Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems Simulation II Date: 16-12-2011 Time: 10.45 a.m to 12.45 p.m Venue: Automation Lab (First Floor) PAPER ID TITLE 153 Automated Testing of Vital Components and Post Accident Break Away System in Automobiles Using Microcontroller S.P. Nagappan andG. Muthu Kumar,175 Proposal of Manet Routing Protocol In Vanet Environment Jeevitha R, Dinesh S, Irfan Ahmed M S 200 AnalysisanddesignofDutyPhaseControlforSinglePhaseBoost-Type Switching Mode Rectifier (SMR) Sridharan K, Sundaravazhuthi V 212 ModelingandSimulationofDirectTorqueControlofInductionMotorUsing Space Vector Modulation Pavan Kumar N.C, Shivananad S.Y, Shrinivas Gollar,Rafikahmmad P and Minal Salunke 220 Simulation and Analysis of DSP Modules on the FPGA Processor Prashanth B U V 223 AI Based Inductance Modeling of a 6/4 Pole switched Reluctance Machine D Susitra, S Paramasivam 224 FPGA memory based decoder architecture for QC-LDPC codes Hemavathi Selvaraj, Karthiken C 226 An robotic arm based chess board for visually challenged V.Manoj Kumar, D.Razeen Mohideen 245 E-LAB:ImplementationofvariousModulationandMultiplexingschemesfor Software Defined RadioRanjini Ram, R Gandhiraj, K.P Soman 252 Lean Simulation for Layout Performance Evaluation: A Case study D. Amuthuselvan and K. Ganesan 2ndInternational Conference on Simulation Modeling and Analysis - COSMA 2011,14-16 December 2011 at Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore 641 112. 16 Stream: Finite Elements Methods 17 THEFINITE ELEMENT METHOD: A TOOLTOEVALUATE SHEARBONDSTRENGTH OFRECYCLED DENTALBRACKET Shivakumar G Hadagali1, B. R. Endigeri2 and S. N. Kurbet2 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, BEC, Bagalkot, India shivuhadagali@gmail.com Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, BEC, Bagalkot, India brendigeri@rediffmail.com ABSTRACT:Inthispaperfiniteelementmodelof steeldental bracket withtheassembly ofbonding agentenamelisgenerated.Thefiniteelement analysisiscarriedoutfordifferentboundary conditions onbrackettocaptureVonmisses stress foreachloading.Theexperimentaltestofbracketis carriedoutonuniversaltestingmachineatmaterial testinglaboratoryofBasaveshwarEngineering college,Bagalkot,Karnataka,IndiatoevaluateSBS of the bracket. Themeanshearbondstrengthofnewbracketsby experimentalmethodisfoundtobe7.94Mpaandby FEMmethoditwas8.43MPa.Afterrecyclingby sandblastingmethod,themeanshearbondstrengthof recycledbracketbyexperimentalmethodisfoundto be5.55MPaandfromFEMmethoditwas5.91MPa. Byheatingmethod,themeanshearbondstrengthof recycledbracketbyexperimentalmethodisfoundto be 3.97MPaand from FEM it was 4.83MPa. KEYWORDS:FEM,Shearbondingstrength, RecyclingDentalbracket,Orthodontics,Vonmisses stress, Sandblasting,Burning technique. 1.INTRODUCTION:Orthodonticsisabranchof dentistry,whichdealswiththealignmentofteeth. Orthodonticsisthespecificareaofthedental professionthathasitsresponsibility,thestudyand supervisionofgrowthanddevelopmentofthe dentitionanditsrelatedanatomicalstructuresfrom birthtodentalmaturity,includingallpreventiveand correctiveproceduresofdentalirregularities requiringtherepositioningoftheteethbyfunctional andmechanicalmeanstoestablishnormalocclusion and pleasing facialcontours. Abracketisdefinedasadevicethatprojects horizontallytosupportauxillariesandisopenonone side usually in the vertical or horizontal. Bond strengthisanimportantconsiderationforthebonding ofbracketstoteeth.Shearbondstrengthdependson variousfactorsincludingtheadhesivepropertiesof thebondingmaterials,theattachmentatthedifferent interphaseslikethetoothtocompositeinterphaseand thecompositetobracketinterphase,aswellasthe polymerization ofthecomposite bonding material. Bondstrengthdeterminestheamountofforce deliveredand also affects the treatmentduration. InOrthodontics, aswell asinother dental fields, thereisa trendto simplifythetechnicalproceduresto reduceoperativetimeandtreatmentcosts.Alarge numberoforthodontistsprefertorebondthefailed bondedbracketsoruserecycledbracketsinsome instances.Theaimofrecyclingofbracketsisto comparetheshearbondstrengthofrebondingwith using recycledbracketson enamelsurface. Fig 1 Tooth Bondedwith OrthodonticBracket 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1FE MODEL GENERATION:Thebonemodel isbuiltusingCTscanofhumanmaxillaatcanine region.Thegeometryistransferredtothegraphsheet andgridpointsarelocated.Thepointsaretransferred totheANSYSthroughAPDLcommands.The assemblyofthewholegeometryisdoneandmeshed using HYPERMESH. The meshedgeometry is applied with different materialpropertiesforcartical,cancellous,dentine, bracketandresin.Theresultsarecapturedfor Vonmissesstresstocheckfailurecondition.Allthe results are representedwith necessary graphicalplots. 18 2.1.1ModelingoftheBoneStructure:The geometry isbuilt basedonCTscan taken onthe human maxilla. The thickness of cortical bone is taken2mmaroundthecancellousbone.Carticalbone istheouterpartandstrongerpartofthebone. Cancellous bone is the soft member of the bone, which is inside the bone geometry. Carticalboneisshownbymarooncolorand cancellousboneisshownbybluecolorfor identification Fig 2 Maxilla bone with Cartical& Cancellous Thecaninetoothisbuiltfromstandarddimensions specified(3).Initiallypointsaremarkedandlinesare createdtoformthegeometry.Thegeometryofthe canineisbuiltfromtheareasusingBoolean operations. Fig 3 Canine tooth Differentpartsofthegeometryarerepresentedwith differentcolors.Booleanoperationsareusedto assemble andconnect thecomponents. The crown partofthecanineisoutsideforadepthof10mmand remaininggeometryisinsidethebone.Fig4shows thecompleteassemblyofthetoothandassociated bones. . Fig 4 Completegeometry of bone and Canine tooth Meshingofthecompletegeometrywasdoneusing Hypermesh9.0.Figure5showsthecompletemeshed geometry with bracket. Fig 5 Meshedgeometry of the problemwith Bracket. 2.2MaterialProperties:Thematerialpropertiesof bonewereassignedbasedontwodifferent procedures. 19 1)AllboneelementswereeitherassignedaYoungs modulusof14,700MPaandaPoissonsratioof0.3, therebyrepresentingahomogeneousdistributionof bone properties. 2)DifferentYoungsmoduliwereassignedtoeach elementindividually,basedonthemorphologyofthe bone obtainedfrom the CT scans. 2.3 Boundary conditions of theproblem: The belowpictureshowsappliedboundaryconditionson theproblem.Thebonefacesareconstrainedinall directions and a load of 75 N is applied on the bracketface.Cartical,cancellousbone,bracketsare shownwithdifferentcolors.Densemeshiscreated on the canine and bracket for better results. Fig 6 Boundary conditionsof the problem. Theabovecomponentisanalyzedfor differentloadingsandshear-bondingstrengthis comparedwith experimentaldata. 2.4ExperimentalSetup:Shearbondstrengthtestis carried out on Universal Test Machine (3M FEI) havingacapacityof3ton(3000kg)availableat materialtestinglab,Dept.ofMechanical Engineering, B.E.CBagalkot.Themachinewasset andcalibratedaccordingtomanufacturers instructions. The metallic cup with the embedded toothanditsbondedbracketwerepositionedinthe jig,suchthatthemetalliccupisperpendiculartothe jig,sothatthelabialsurfaceisparalleltotheforce duringtheshearstrength test.Thesteelwirewas usedtoapplyloadatthebracketadhesiveinterface. Thebracketsweresheartestedtofailureusingaload cellof12N(346.5Kg)andacrossheadspeedof0.5 mm/min.Theforceproducingfailurewasrecordedin Newtonandconvertedintoforceperunitarea(MPa) bydividingthemeasuredforcevaluesbythesurface areaof the bracket.Thesurfaceareaof the meshwas approximately8.75 mm2. Theexperimentwasrepeatedforallthe20brackets and values are recorded.The meanof the 20 results is 0.0695kN. Dimensionsofthebracketsaregivenin table 2. Bracket Dimensions Length(l) inmm Breadth(b) in mm 2.53.5 Table 2 Dimensionsof the Bracket 2.5 Theoretical Calculation of SBS (Shear BondingStrength): Shearbondstrengthofthebracketiscalculatedusing the followingrelation. We know that, Shear bonding strength= Force (F) in N Area in mm2 = 0.0695X 1000 2.5 X 3.5 SBS = 7-94 N / mm2 3. Recyclingof DentalBrackets: Orthodontistsarecommonlyfacedwiththedecision ofwhattodowithloosebrackets,andorwith inaccuratelylocatedbracketsthatneedrepositioning duringtreatment1.Recyclingorthodonticbracketsis anoptionavailabletopractitioners,wherebrackets needtobereboundedbackontoatooth.Thepurpose ofrecyclingofbracketsistoevaluatetheshearbond strengthofrecycledorthodonticbrackets,were bondedtothebuccalsurfacesof20extractedhuman premolarsusing Concise Orthodonticchemically curedcompositeresin.Theteethwererandomly assignedto2groups(n=10),asfollows.IngroupI the bonded brackets were detached and rebonded afterrecyclingbysandblastingmethodandgroupII thebonded brackets were detached andrebounded after recycling by heatingmethod. 3.1 Recyclingof Orthodontic Bracket by Sandblasting: Afterdebonding,remnantsofcompositewere removedbyTCbursfromtheenamelsurfacesand bracketbase.Inthismethodsandblastingunitwith 50maluminiumoxideabrasivepowderwasused. Thedistancebetweenthebracketbaseandthe handpieceheadwasfixedat10mmdistance.Each bracketwassandblastedfor20-30secondsunder5 bars(72.5psi)linepressure.Afterthebracketshad beenreconditioned,eachbracketwasbondedtothe enamelsurfacesthathadbeenre-preparedfor bonding, using the same method as for the new 20 brackets.48hoursafterbonding,thebracketswere debondedusinguniversaltestingmachineandshear bondstrengthswereagainrecordedinMPausingthe same methodas for the new brackets. The obtainedresults are tabulated below Sl No Load in kN SBS by sandblasting in N/mm2 10.0495.60 20.0525.94 30.0485.49 40.0455.14 50.0434.91 60.0445.02 70.0566.40 80.0546.17 90.0434.91 100.0525.94 Table3.1SBSbysandblastingforrespectiveloadin kN Themeanbondingstrengthbysandblastingmethod is 5.55 Mpa 3.2RecyclingofOrthodontic Bracketsusing Burningtechnique: Afterdebonding,eachbracketwasthenexposedto torchflame,theprocesscontinueduntilthebracket hasacherryredappearance.Afterthat,thebracket wasimmersedimmediatelyintoacoldwater(0CO 5CO)thecompositestartscrackingandcompletely detachedfromthebracketbase,afterthatagentle cleaningby a brushwasappliedto the bracketbasein order to complete the recycling process. Stainless steelbracketswereb