1
as a buffer storage, are included to provide an adequate input-charge transfer during the clock period [5, 6] (b) two additional feedback capacitors y\ = y t are placed (for the even and the odd phase, respectively) to deliver the transferred charge after a proper half-period delay (c) the parasitic insensitive toggle switching scheme [6] is chosen for the feedback capacitors y\, y 2 i, yi an d ^31 in a way to provide the correct sign of the transferred charges (d) two cascaded capacitors, one unit each, are put around the OA to ensure a continuous feedback during the dead zones of the nonoverlapping clocks, according to the recommendations in Reference 6; (e) a set of clock signals (Fig. 8) is required to drive the switches. Following the numerical example in this paper and the design technique in Reference 4, all the capacitors ' / are evaluated. So the filter is implemented with one multi- plexed OA, 54 switches and 20 capacitors. The capacitor ratio C ma JC min is 25.32 and the total silicon area is YJ C { 33.54 units. The comparison made between this implementation and the same filter, based on a proposed single-OA biquad (Fig. 5) indicates the impracticability of the multiplexed OA technique used along with the state- space design method [4], if any suitable adaptions of the method itself are not proposed. Correspondence CORRELATION ALGORITHMS, CIRCUITS AND MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS With reference to Paper 4299G \IEE Proc. G, 1986, 133, (1), pp. 58-74] I would like to make the following comments: The equation for C 2 (a) on page 59 is incorrect and should be written as (•772 C 2 (a) = a(t) *b(-t)= a(t)b(t - a) dt J-772 Eqn. 5 on the same page reads: Tr yx (a) = y(t)x(t + a) dt = y(t) * x(-t) J The fact that the right-hand side is not y( — t) * x(t) may be confusing. This is because the author has omitted to say that a positive value for the correlation function argument signifies a time delay. This also explains why other derivations (e.g. eqns. 13, 14, 17 etc.) may at first seem to be in error. 12th August 1986 D.C. McLERNON Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Polytechnic of the South Bank Borough Road London SE1 OAA United Kingdom 4902G -772 1EE PROCEEDINGS, Vol. 133, Pt. G, No. 5, OCTOBER 1986 255

Correlation algorithms, circuits and measurement applications

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Page 1: Correlation algorithms, circuits and measurement applications

as a buffer storage, are included to provide an adequateinput-charge transfer during the clock period [5, 6]

(b) two additional feedback capacitors y\ = yt areplaced (for the even and the odd phase, respectively) todeliver the transferred charge after a proper half-perioddelay

(c) the parasitic insensitive toggle switching scheme [6]is chosen for the feedback capacitors y\, y2i, yi a n d ^31 ina way to provide the correct sign of the transferred charges

(d) two cascaded capacitors, one unit each, are putaround the OA to ensure a continuous feedback duringthe dead zones of the nonoverlapping clocks, according tothe recommendations in Reference 6;

(e) a set of clock signals (Fig. 8) is required to drive theswitches.

Following the numerical example in this paper and thedesign technique in Reference 4, all the capacitors ' / areevaluated. So the filter is implemented with one multi-plexed OA, 54 switches and 20 capacitors. The capacitorratio CmaJCmin is 25.32 and the total silicon area isYJ C{ — 33.54 units. The comparison made between thisimplementation and the same filter, based on a proposedsingle-OA biquad (Fig. 5) indicates the impracticability ofthe multiplexed OA technique used along with the state-space design method [4], if any suitable adaptions of themethod itself are not proposed.

CorrespondenceCORRELATION ALGORITHMS,CIRCUITS AND MEASUREMENTAPPLICATIONS

With reference to Paper 4299G \IEE Proc. G, 1986, 133,(1), pp. 58-74] I would like to make the followingcomments:

The equation for C2(a) on page 59 is incorrect andshould be written as

(•772

C2(a) = a(t) *b(-t)= a(t)b(t - a) dtJ-772

Eqn. 5 on the same page reads:

Tryx(a) = y(t)x(t + a) dt = y(t) * x(-t)J

The fact that the right-hand side is not y( — t) * x(t) may beconfusing. This is because the author has omitted to saythat a positive value for the correlation function argumentsignifies a time delay. This also explains why otherderivations (e.g. eqns. 13, 14, 17 etc.) may at first seem tobe in error.

12th August 1986 D.C. McLERNON

Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringPolytechnic of the South BankBorough RoadLondon SE1 OAAUnited Kingdom

4902G

- 7 7 2

1EE PROCEEDINGS, Vol. 133, Pt. G, No. 5, OCTOBER 1986 255