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• Where do we get our water?• History of WDM & restrictions• WC/WDM Strategy• Surviving a 1:590 year drought
• Conservation• WDM intensified• Disaster Planning• Augmentation
• New Water Strategy• City Resilience Strategy• Water Resilience Framework
WC/WDM STRATEGY
• As early as 1995, COCT committed itself to saving 10% on historical growth demand of 4%/annum
• Integrated Water Resource Planning (IWRP) Study of 2001 showed that WC/WDM initiatives are most feasible cost-effective water augmentation options
• First WC/WDM Strategy published in 2001
• Periodically updated, 2015/16 review version here https://resource.capetown.gov.za/documentcentre/Documents/City%20strategies%2c%20plans%20and%20frameworks/WCWDM_Strategy_doc.pdf
For Cape Town, 3-year drought continuing meant that demand had be brought down drastically
A peak of 1 200 Ml/day in 2015 had to be reduced to 450 Ml/day
Water ConservationAwareness & consumer education • What is expected of all citizens?• What are the restrictions?• How to save water?• Water saving targets?
Response teams– Staff recruited – Additional response teams
established– Reduction in time to attend to water
leaks & burst pipes
Leak detection teams– Up-scaling of specialist leak detection
teams
– Suburbs with high concentrations of leaks targeted
Water Demand Management
Indigent household repairs– Private indigent properties with
high water consumption identified
– Programme established for free
repairs / replacement of plumbing
fittings
Council properties• Water-efficient taps and other water fittings
installed on council properties
Water Demand Management
Recycled water (treated effluent)– Construction industry & other users encouraged to use
recycled water instead of drinking water
– Improved access: available at wastewater treatment
works,
and 32 collection points established throughout the city
Public access to springs– Upgraded & relocated public spring water collection point
established in Newlands (2018) and Vredehoek (2019)
Water Demand Management
• Tenders in place for installation of Water Saving Devices in Municipal Buildings
• Now installed at most water and sanitation facilities including Depots, treatment works and staff housing.
• Other Directorates such as parks participating.
• Alternative water sources connected where feasible
• Contributed towards overall WCWDM savings
Retrofits
Water Demand Management
Water reuse– Zandvliet 10 Ml/day demonstration reuse
plant completed in 2018
– Permanent reuse plant in planning
Desalination– Temporary desalination plants established:
– Monwabisi (7 Ml/day)
– Standfontein (7 Ml/day)
– Fast-tracked: production started May 2018
– Permanent desalination plant in planning
Augmentation and Diversification
A drought lesson on resource infrastructure
• Cannot build oneself out of a drought, large scale projects take time
• City mainly survived because of – Daily Dam abstraction management of dwindling resources– Intensive WDM Measures in parallel– City organization as a whole and community tackling problem together
Our shared water futureCape Town Water Strategy
Approved May 2019
Strategy Updatein response to the drought
Our shared water futureCape Town Water Strategy
Approved May 2019https://www.capetown.gov.za/general/cape-town-water-strategy
1. Safe access to water and sanitation for all
2. Wise water use through pricing, regulation, active citizenship, network management
3. Sufficient, reliable water from diverse sources:surface, ground, desalination, reuse (Water resilient by 2030)
4. Shared benefits & managed risks from regional water resources
5. Water sensitive city by 2040
Five commitments in the Water Strategy
1. Safe access to water and sanitation for all Inclusion
5. Water sensitive city by 2040 Sustainability
2. Wise water use through pricing, regulation, active citizenship, network management
3. Sufficient, reliable water from diverse sources:surface, ground, desalination, reuse (Water resilient by 2030)
4. Shared benefits & managed risks from regional water resources
Resilience(drought response)