© 2004 Steve Marschner • 1Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

CS465: Computer Graphics I

Professor: Steve Marschner

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 2Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Computer graphics: The study of creating, manipulating, and using visual images in the computer.

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 3Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Problems in graphics

• 2D imaging– compositing and layering– digital filtering– color transformations

• 2D drawing– illustration, drafting– text, GUIs POLYNOMIALS

CONVOLUTION

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 4Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Problems in graphics CONT’D

• 3D modeling– representing 3D shapes– polygons, curved surfaces, …– procedural modeling

[Hopp

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t al. 1

993]

Headus—Cysurf

[Pru

sinkeiw

icz et a

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GRAMMARS

NUMERICALOPTIMIZATION

DIFFERENTIALGEOMETRY

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 5Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Problems in graphics CONT’D

• 3D rendering– 2D views of 3D geometry– projection and perspective– removing hidden surfaces– lighting simulation

Corn

ell

PC

G

Hen

rik

Wann Jense

n

INTEGRATION

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 6Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Corn

ell

PC

G

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 7Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Hen

rik

Wann Jense

n

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 8Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Problems in graphics CONT’D

• Interaction– 2D graphical user interfaces– 3D modeling interfaces– virtual reality

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C—

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SG

I—O

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TRIGONOMETRY

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 9Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Problems in graphics CONT’D

• Animation– keyframe animation– physical simulation

Pixar

Enright et al. SIGGRAPH 2003

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 10Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

QuickTime™ and aMPEG-4 Video decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 11Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Problems in graphics CONT’D

• Animation– keyframe animation– physical simulation

INTERPOLATION

DIFFERENTIALEQUATIONS

Pixar

Enright et al. SIGGRAPH 2003

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 12Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Particle system (PDEs)

• Animation– Keyframing and interpolation– Simulation

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 13Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Computer graphics: Mathematics made visible.

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 14Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Computer graphics: Mathematics made visible --- and when that is not feasible, approximate it!

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 15Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Graphics Applications

• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games

Pixar—Monsters, Inc.

New Line Cinema—The Two TowersID Software—Quake III Arena

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 16Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Graphics Applications

• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games

• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization

U. of Utah—Alpha 1

NCSA—Virtual Director

QuickTime™ and aMPEG-4 Video decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 17Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Graphics ApplicationsGraphics Applications

• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games

• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization

• Graphic Arts

Adobe P

hoto

shop [P

hoto

: P. G

reensp

un]

Adobe Illu

strato

r

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 18Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Graphics ApplicationsGraphics Applications

• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games

• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization

• Graphic Arts• Fine Arts

Danie

l Rozin

—W

ooden M

irrorKe

lly H

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n - R

efl

ectio

n Lo

op

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 19Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Graphics ApplicationsGraphics Applications

• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games

• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization

• Graphic Arts• Virtual Reality

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 20Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Graphics ApplicationsGraphics Applications

• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games

• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization

• Graphic Arts• Fine Arts• Virtual Reality• Training & Simulation

NASA/Ames—ACFSM

ap

Bla

st—

LineD

rive m

ap

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 21Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Evans

and

Suth

erl

an

d

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 22Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Evans

and

Suth

erl

an

d

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 23Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Evans

and

Suth

erl

an

d

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 24Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 25Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 26Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Course Topics

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 27Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Images

• What is an image?• Compositing• Resampling

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anic

; D

igit

alD

om

ain

; vfx

hq.c

om

]

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 28Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Rendering

• ray tracing• shading & shadows• transparency• texture mapping

[Gla

ssner

89]

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 29Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Geometric transformations

• affine transforms• perspective transforms• viewing

rotate, then translate translate, then rotate

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 30Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Graphics pipeline

• rasterization• interpolation• z-buffer• vertex and fragment ops

APPLICATION

COMMAND STREAM

GEOMETRY PROCESSING

TRANSFORMED GEOMETRY

RASTERIZATION

FRAGMENTS

FRAGMENT PROCESSING

FRAMEBUFFER IMAGE

DISPLAY

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 31Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Modeling

• splines• parametric surfaces• triangle meshes

[Rog

ers

]

© 2004 Steve Marschner • 32Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1

Mathematics used

• We’ll need (and will review) pieces of:– linear algebra– geometry– calculus– differential geometry