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Copyright of SARAWAK SHELL BERHAD 1June 2010
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BASIC CAR CARE(TIRE SAFETY)
12 Aug 2010
Logistics Department
Land Transport Services (UIA/P/L/T)
Copyright of Sarawak Shell Berhad 2June 2010
INTRODUCTION
Objectives
· To provide basic awareness on general up-keeping of your car including understanding the car systems and how to conduct simple checks on your car.
Importance of car care:
• Safety
• Savings $$
• Sustainability
• Returns $$
Figure 1: Causes of Road incident
Copyright of Sarawak Shell Berhad 3June 2010
Purpose : Take time to inspect your car parts regularly to ensure its in safe condition to drive.
Parts:
Tires
Fluid level check
Belt and hoses
Clean & Wash
Polish & Wax
INSPECTING YOUR CAR PARTS
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TIRE SAFETY
Why maintenance of tire is crucial?:
Are the only link between your vehicle and the road Carry the entire weight of the car, up to (x50) times!! of its weight Improve Fuel Economy Increase tire lifespan
What information’s you MUST know about tire:
Temperature Resistance Traction Tread Wear Max Load capacity/tire Speed symbol Manufacturing date
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WHERE YOU COULD FIND THESE INFORMATION?
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Symbol Area
A Hot Area
B Normal Weather Area
C Cold Area
These letters indicates a tire's resistance to heat. From highest to lowest, a tire's resistance to heat is graded as "A", "B", or "C".
TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE
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This number indicates the tire's wear rate.
The higher the tread wear number is, the longer it should take for the tread to wear down.
For example, a tire graded 400 should last twice as long as a tire graded 200.
TREADWEAR NUMBER
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This letter indicates a tire's ability to stop on wet pavement. A higher graded tire should allow you to stop your car on wet roads in a shorter distance than a tire with a lower grade. Traction is graded from highest to lowest as "AA","A", "B", and "C".
TRACTION
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Number indicates the max. load that can be carried by the tire. Symbol indicates the max. Speed at which a tire is designed to be driven for extended periods of time.
MAX. LOAD CAPACITY & TIRE SPEED SYMBOL
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Week No. 21Year 2009
This tire has been made in Week 21 from year 2009
MANUFACTURING DATE
21 09
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Purpose : Inspecting your tires on a regular basis will help you identify how they are wearing.
• Always follow the prescribed tire air pressure.
• Check uniformity of tread pattern in all the tyres.
• Monitor tread wear with a tread depth gauge. (below)
CAR TYRE
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EFFECT OF UNDERINFLATION
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EFFECT OF UNDERINFLATION
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TIRE MAINTENANCE (TIRE BALANCING)
Why tire balancing?
Prevent premature wear of your tires and eliminates vibration. Protects the suspension, steering system and bearings of your vehicle.
A wheel is out of balance when one area is heavier or lighter than the rest. This will cause:
Uneven and rapid tread wear Vibration More stress on front-end parts Front-end parts to wear prematurely
Copyright of Sarawak Shell Berhad 15June 2010
TIRE MAINTENANCE (ALIGNMENT)
Why tire alignment?
Ensure Safety with correctly aligned wheels and axles
Sign of alignment problem
Vehicle felt heavier on either left or right Uneven and rapid tire wear
Copyright of Sarawak Shell Berhad 16June 2010
TIRE MAINTENANCE (TIRE VALVES)
You should check that your valves and valve caps are in good condition to:
Maintain an airtight seal Maintain the correct tire pressure Ensure longer tire life
Important of valve:
Valves and their components are ordinarily made of rubber, so they are subject to deterioration over time.
Replace them when you buy new tires. At high speeds, a cracked, deteriorated rubber valve stem can bend from centrifugal force and allow air loss.
The valve cap is also important. It is the primary air seal and helps to keep out dust and dirt particles.
Copyright of Sarawak Shell Berhad 17June 2010
Purpose : Rotation of tires helps to prolong tires life by achieving uniform wear.
(2 wheel drive)
* It is recommended to rotation every 10,000 km –12,000 km.
(4 wheel drive)
HOW TO MAINTAIN? TIRE ROTATION
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TIRE BLOWOUT & CHANGINGTire Changing
1- Switch the warning lights on. Stop your car in the emergency lane or other suitable area with a firm, level surface as far from the road as possible. The best place to stop is away from a corner, where approaching vehicles may not be able to see you. Put the hand brake on. Ensure passengers are in a safe place out of the vehicle and away from the traffic. Take the appropriate precautions for your own safety.
2- Wedge one of the wheels.Place a chock/wedge under the tyre that is diagonally opposite the tyre that needs to be changed. Locate the vehicle jacking point nearest to the tyre needing to be changed. There will be one for each wheel, usually located underneath the doors. Extend the jack to fit into the jacking point and start to lift the car. Before the tyre leave the ground, loosen the nuts, but do not remove them.
3- Once the wheel clears the ground. Remove the nuts and put them in a clean place.
4- Remove the punctured wheel, Place the spare wheel on the hub. Tighten all the nuts lightly.
5- Lower the vehicle and remove the jack. Tighten the nuts firmly with the wrench. Put the tools and punctured tyre back in their correct storage place.
6- Return to the road, taking particularly care. Switch off the warning lights.
Video
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DRIVING TIPS
Safe Driving in the Rain
The roads get slippery and visibility suffers in rainstorms. The drivers should:
Slow down Keep greater safety distance with the cars in front of you. Turn ON dipped headlight NOT hazard lights!! Avoid Potholes Avoid Floodwaters (Aquaplaning effect)
Advice: Many drivers may ignore that roads get more slippery in drizzle. Safe Driving during the Night
Eyesight adjustment to the lights and shades
Change the angle of your rear mirror to reduce the dazzling effect. Get out of the direct lights or block the lights from the cars in the opposite direction.
Copyright of Sarawak Shell Berhad 20June 2010
DRIVING TIPS
Safe Driving in the Mountain Areas
Before driving in mountain areas, you should:
Check your vehicle carefully. Prepare food, appropriate clothing and emergency aids. Understand the weather and road conditions.
When driving in mountain areas, you should:
Slow down and remain on the right of the road at corners or when the view is blocked.
Blow the horn in advance and never go speeding or overtake other vehicles because cars may come in the opposite direction any time.
