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Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Sources of Industrial Growth Industrial Technologies
Alexander Graham Bell
“Mr. Watson, come here, I want you!”
- Alexander Graham Bell
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Sources of Industrial Growth Industrial Technologies
Alexander Graham Bell Impact of Electric Power
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Sources of Industrial Growth The Technology of Iron and Steel Production
Bessemer Process
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Sources of Industrial Growth The Technology of Iron and Steel Production
Bessemer Process New Blast Furnaces
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Sources of Industrial Growth The Technology of Iron and Steel Production
Bessemer Process New Blast Furnaces New Transportation Systems
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Sources of Industrial Growth The Technology of Iron and Steel Production
Bessemer Process New Blast Furnaces New Transportation Systems Rise of the
Petroleum Industry
Pioneer Oil Run, 1865
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Sources of Industrial Growth The Automobile and the Airplane
Henry Ford
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
“Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it into small jobs.”
-Henry Ford
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Sources of Industrial Growth The Automobile and the Airplane
Henry Ford The Wright
Brothers
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
The Wright Brothers (Library of Congress)
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Sources of Industrial Growth Research and Development
Corporate Research and Development
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Edison’s Notebook
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Sources of Industrial Growth The Science of Production
“Taylorism”
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
“The most important object of both the workmen and the management should be the training and development of each individual in the establishment, so that he can do (at his fastest pace and with the maximum of efficiency) the highest class of work for which his natural abilities fit him.”
- Frederick Winslow
Taylor
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Sources of Industrial Growth The Science of Production
“Taylorism” Assembly Line
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Sources of Industrial Growth Railroad Expansion and the Corporation
Importance of Government Subsidies
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Railroads, 1870-1890
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Sources of Industrial Growth Railroad Expansion and the Corporation
Importance of Government Subsidies “Limited Liability”
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Sources of Industrial Growth Railroad Expansion and the Corporation
Importance of Government Subsidies “Limited Liability” U.S. Steel Created
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Sources of Industrial Growth Railroad Expansion and the Corporation
Importance of Government Subsidies “Limited Liability” U.S. Steel Created “Horizontal Integration” and “Vertical Integration”
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Sources of Industrial Growth Railroad Expansion and the Corporation
Importance of Government Subsidies “Limited Liability” U.S. Steel Created “Horizontal Integration” and “Vertical Integration” Standard Oil
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Sources of Industrial Growth Railroad Expansion and the Corporation
Importance of Government Subsidies “Limited Liability” U.S. Steel Created “Horizontal Integration” and “Vertical Integration” Standard Oil “Holding Company”
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Capitalism and Its Critics Survival of the Fittest
Ideology of Individualism
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Capitalism and Its Critics Survival of the Fittest
Ideology of Individualism Social Darwinism
“The growth of a large business is merely the survival of the fittest.”
- John D. Rockefeller
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Capitalism and Its Critics Survival of the Fittest
Ideology of Individualism Social Darwinism Corporate Wealth Legitimated
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Capitalism and Its Critics “The Gospel of Wealth”
Gospel of Wealth
Andrew Carnegie (Portrait Gallery)
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
“Surplus wealth is a sacred trust which its possessor is bound to administer in his lifetime for the good of the community.”
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Capitalism and Its Critics “The Gospel of Wealth”
Gospel of Wealth Horatio Alger
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Capitalism and Its Critics Alternative Visions
Socialist Labor Party
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Capitalism and Its Critics Alternative Visions
Socialist Labor Party Henry George’s “Single Tax”
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
“This association of poverty with progress is the great enigma of our times.”
- Henry George
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Capitalism and Its Critics The Problems of Monopoly
Economic Concentration Challenged
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Cornelius Vanderbilt (Portrait Gallery)
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker The Immigrant Work Force
Rapidly Expanding Working Class
Inspection Room at Ellis Island, NY (Library of Congress)
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker The Immigrant Work Force
Rapidly Expanding Working Class Labor Contract Law
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker Wages and Working Conditions
Harsh Working Conditions
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker Wages and Working Conditions
Harsh Working Conditions Child Labor
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker Emerging Unionization
“Molly Maguires”
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker Emerging Unionization
“Molly Maguires” Railroad Strikes of 1877
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Rutherford B. Hayes (Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker The Knights of Labor
Terence V. Powderly
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker The AFL
Samuel Gompers
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
“What does labor want? We want more schoolhouses and less jails; more books and less arsenals; more learning and less vice; more leisure and less greed; more justice and less revenge; in fact, more of the opportunities to cultivate our better natures, to make manhood more noble, womanhood more beautiful, and childhood more happy and bright.”
-Samuel Gompers
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker The AFL
Samuel Gompers Haymarket Bombing
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker The AFL
Samuel Gompers Haymarket Bombing Labor Discredited
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker The Homestead Strike
Henry Clay Frick
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Inside the Homestead Plant (Library of Congress)
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker The Homestead Strike
Henry Clay Frick Government Intervention
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker The Pullman Strike
American Railway Union
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker Sources of Labor Weakness
Few Gains for Labor
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker Sources of Labor Weakness
Few Gains for Labor Sources of Labor Weakness
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
Copyright ©2008 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Ordeal of the Worker Sources of Labor Weakness
Few Gains for Labor Sources of Labor Weakness Capital’s Strength
Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy
