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1Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
A Thing or Two about A Thing or Two about Information Management and Information Management and Component-based Knowledge GraphsComponent-based Knowledge GraphsWith Applications to After-SalesWith Applications to After-Sales
www.sorman.com
Keynote AddressKeynote Address
Russell S. Peak, PhDRussell S. Peak, PhDAssociate Director & Senior Researcher
Product & Systems Lifecycle Mgt. Center
www.pslm.gatech.edu
2Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
SynopsisSynopsis
AbstractModels confront us constantly in both obvious and not-so-obvious ways. This talk highlights key concepts to effectively handle such models -- both on the job and in everyday life -- with examples from Dr. Seuss, high school physics, and airframes -- and points in between. We conclude with implications for the aftermarket.
Speaker BiosketchSince joining the Georgia Tech research faculty in 1996, Russell S. Peak has led a variety of R&D efforts including sponsored projects in aerospace, automotive, and electronics. Dr. Peak specializes in information technology and knowledge-based methods for complex systems, including applications to product lifecycle management (PLM) and simulation.
CitationRS Peak (2007) A Thing or Two about Information Management and Component-based Knowledge Graphs With Applications to After-Sales. Keynote Address. Sorman After-Sales Conference. Frankfurt. http://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/conferences/2007-sac-peak/
3Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
1st Industrial and Systems Engineering
3rd Biomedical Engineering
4th Aerospace Engineering
4th Civil Engineering
7th Computer Engineering
7th Electrical Engineering
7th Mechanical Engineering
7th Environmental Engineering
Served as Olympic
Village for 10,000+
athletes/staff
Foundedin
Atlanta
Faculty5 Professors
5 Shop Supervisors
Students129 undergrads in
MechanicalEngineering
Georgia Tech Fun FactsGeorgia Tech Fun Facts1885 1903 1948 1996 2007
First full-time football coach
JohnHeisman
RenamedGeorgia
Institute ofTechnology
Graduate SchoolRankings
4Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Georgia Tech Enrollment (2005)Georgia Tech Enrollment (2005)
UndergraduateArchitecture 748Computing 919Engineering 6,989Liberal Arts 761Management 1,168Sciences 1,039Undeclared 217 Total 11,841
GraduateArchitecture 340Computing 496Engineering 3,189Liberal Arts 260Management 241Sciences 768
Total 5,294
Degrees Conferred Bachelor’s Master’s PhD
Architecture 137 105 4Computing 305 133 25Engineering 1,372 838 250Liberal Arts 169 82 8Management 345 140 3Sciences 184 102 65
Institute Total 2,512 1,400 355
5Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Prof. Steven DanylukDirector
Georgia TechGeorgia TechManufacturing Research CenterManufacturing Research Center
6Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
• Sample Application Domains– Factory design & simulation– Fluid power systems– Mechatronics & electronics
• SysE - MCAD/E - ECAD/E - SWE testbeds• Circuit board warpage
• Sample Research and Enabling Technologies– Set-based design– Knowledge patterns for simulation-based design (SBD) – SysML and composable objects (COBs)
• Applications to SBD templates & CAD-CAE interoperability
Product & Systems Product & Systems Lifecycle Management CenterLifecycle Management Center
Defining next-gen. systems-of-systems (SoS) and product lifecycle management (PLM).
www.pslm.gatech.edu
7Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
ContentsContents
• Information Management Principles – Fundamental Things– Intermediate / Advanced Concepts
• Knowledge Graphs and Component-based Modeling– SysML and Composable Objects (COBs)– Patterns for Simulation Templates
With Applications to After-SalesWith Applications to After-Sales
8Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Information Management FundamentalsInformation Management Fundamentals
• Principle 1: Existence
With Applications to After-SalesWith Applications to After-Sales
9
11
13Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Information Management FundamentalsInformation Management Fundamentals
• Principle 1: Existence– No Thing– Some Thing– Some Things
With Applications to After-SalesWith Applications to After-Sales
14Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
After-Sales ApplicationsAfter-Sales Applications
Symptom: No Things
What to Fix: Some Things
But Specifically What Things?
15Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Information Management FundamentalsInformation Management Fundamentals
• Principle 1: Existence– No Thing– Some Thing– Some Things
• Principle 2: Identity
With Applications to After-SalesWith Applications to After-Sales
Cat in the HatCat in the Hat
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cat_in_the_Hat
Published in 1957
Non-conventional reading primer
#9 of US“Top 10 Best Selling
Children’s Books”
1626 words total
236 unique words 54 occur exactly once 33 occur exactly twice
Only “another” has three syllables 14 have two syllables 221 are monosyllabic
Longest words: “something” and playthings”
““I call them Thing OneI call them Thing Oneand Thing Two ...”and Thing Two ...”
A+
18Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
After-Sales ApplicationsAfter-Sales Applications
Thing 1
Thing 2
Thing 5Thing 3 Thing 4Thing 6
Specifying What to Fix [Version 1] ...
19Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
After-Sales ApplicationsAfter-Sales Applications
Wheel 1
Wheel 2
Hatch 5Door 3 Door 4Light 6
Specifying What to Fix [Version 2] ...
20Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Information Management FundamentalsInformation Management Fundamentals
• Principle 1: Existence– No Thing– Some Thing– Some Things
• Principle 2: Identity
• Principle 3: Versioning
With Applications to After-SalesWith Applications to After-Sales
21Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
ContentsContents
• Information Management Principles – Fundamental Things– Intermediate / Advanced Concepts
• Knowledge Graphs and Component-based Modeling– SysML and Composable Objects (COBs)– Patterns for Simulation Templates
With Applications to After-SalesWith Applications to After-Sales
22Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Example Collective Systems ModelExample Collective Systems ModelA composition of std. & custom information modelsA composition of std. & custom information models
Mechanical Engineering• Standard: AP203, AP214• Software Pro-E, Cadds, SolidWorks, AutoCad, SDRC IDEAS, Unigraphics, others• Status: In Production• Aerospace Industry Wide, Automotive Industry
Electrical Engineering• Standard: AP210• Software Mentor Graphics• Status: Prototyped• Rockwell, Boeing
Cabling• Standard: AP212• Software MentorGraphics• Status: Prototyped• Daimler-Chrysler, ProSTEP
Structural Analysis• Standard: AP209• Software: MSC Patran, Thermal Desktop• Status: In Production• Lockheed Martin, Electric Boat
Thermal Radiation Analysis• Standard: STEP-TAS• Software: Thermal Desktop, TRASYS• Status: In Production• ESA/ESTEC, NASA/JPL & Langely
Software Engineering• Standard::UML - (AP233 interface In Development)
• Software:Rational Rose, Argo, All-Together• Status: In Production• Industry-wide
Machining• Standard:: STEP-NC/AP224•Software:: Gibbs, •Status:: In Development / Prototyped•STEP-Tools, Boeing
Inspection• Standard: AP219• Software: Technomatics, Brown, eSharp • Status: In Development• NIST, CATIA, Boeing, Chrysler, AIAG
Systems Engineering• Standard: AP233• Software: Statemate, Doors, Matrix-X, Slate, Core, RTM• Status: In development / Prototyped• BAE SYSTEMS, EADS, NASA
PDM• Standard: STEP PDM Schema/AP232• Software: MetaPhase, Windchill, Insync• Status: In Production • Lockheed Martin, EADS, BAE SYSTEMS, Raytheon
Life-Cycle Management• Standard: PLCS• Software: SAP• Status: In Development• BAE SYSTEMS, Boeing, Eurostep
Fluid Dynamics• Standard: CFD• Software -• Status: In Development• Boeing,
Optics• Standard: NODIF• Software - TBD• Minolta, Olympus
Propulsion• Standard: STEP-PRP• Software:-• Status: In Development• ESA, EADS
Spacecraft Development
Adapted from 2001-12-16 - Jim U’Ren, NASA-JPL
23Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Model-Centric FrameworkModel-Centric Framework
Tool A1
Collective Systems ModelMeta-Building Blocks: • Information models & meta-models
• International standards• Industry specs• Corporate standards• Local customizations
• Modeling technologies:• Express, UML, SysML, COBs, OWL, XML, …
Tool Bj
Producer Tools
Enricher Tools
Produce, Merge, Enrich, ConsumeProduce, Merge, Enrich, Consume
Mechanical Engineering• Standard: AP203, AP214• Software Pro-E, Cadds, SolidWorks, AutoCad, SDRC IDEAS, Unigraphics, others• Status: In Production• Aerospace Industry Wide, Automotive Industry
Electrical Engineering• Standard: AP210• Software Mentor Graphics• Status: Prototyped• Rockwell, Boeing
Cabling• Standard: AP212• Software MentorGraphics• Status: Prototyped• Daimler-Chrysler, ProSTEP
Structural Analysis• Standard: AP209• Software: MSC Patran, Thermal Desktop• Status: In Production• Lockheed Martin, Electric Boat
Thermal Radiation Analysis• Standard: STEP-TAS• Software: Thermal Desktop, TRASYS• Status: In Production• ESA/ESTEC, NASA/JPL & Langely
Software Engineering• Standard::UML - (AP233 interface In Development)
• Software:Rational Rose, Argo, All-Together• Status: In Production• Industry-wide
Machining• Standard:: STEP-NC/AP224•Software:: Gibbs, •Status:: In Development / Prototyped•STEP-Tools, Boeing
Inspection• Standard: AP219• Software: Technomatics, Brown, eSharp • Status: In Development• NIST, CATIA, Boeing, Chrysler, AIAG
Systems Engineering• Standard: AP233• Software: Statemate, Doors, Matrix-X, Slate, Core, RTM• Status: In development / Prototyped• BAE SYSTEMS, EADS, NASA
PDM• Standard: STEP PDM Schema/AP232• Software: MetaPhase, Windchill, Insync• Status: In Production • Lockheed Martin, EADS, BAE SYSTEMS, Raytheon
Life-Cycle Management• Standard: PLCS• Software: SAP• Status: In Development• BAE SYSTEMS, Boeing, Eurostep
Fluid Dynamics• Standard: CFD• Software -
• Status: In Development• Boeing,
Optics• Standard: NODIF• Software - TBD• Minolta, Olympus
Propulsion• Standard: STEP-PRP• Software:-
• Status: In Development• ESA, EADS
Spacecraft Development
Tool Ck
Consumer Tools
Tool An...
http://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/journals/2004-jcise-peak/
24Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Analyzable Product Models (APMs)Analyzable Product Models (APMs)[Tamburini, 1999; [Tamburini, 1999; http://eislab.gatech.edu/research/dai/http://eislab.gatech.edu/research/dai/]]
SolidModeler
MaterialsDatabase
FastenersDatabase
Design Applications Analysis Applications
FEA-BasedAnalysis
Formula-BasedAnalysis
Combineinformation
Add reusablemulti-fidelityidealizations
Analyzable Product Model(APM)
...Provide advanced access to design info needed by diverse analyses.
Support multi-directionality
25Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Design-for-X (DFX) Analysis SystemDesign-for-X (DFX) Analysis Systemhttp://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/rci-sfm/http://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/rci-sfm/
RCI DFXGuidelines
BoeingRDF
Rules DefinitionTool
RCI DFXRules Library
Simulation/AnalysisLibrary Mgt.
RCI - Rockwell Collins Inc. GIT - Georgia Tech UIUC - U. Illinois
ZukenVisula
DesignInformation
ECAD Tool
CADIF LKSoftCADIF-AP210
ModelIntegrators Standards-based
Repository
STEP AP210,STEP AP2xx,
Internal Schemas,etc.
Other Design Tools
ComponentPkg. Modeler
Mfg. Tools
ProcessPlanner
Mfg.Information
Design/Mfg. Model Mgt.
Other CAD/E/X Tools
BoeingREF
Rules ExecutionTool
DFX Analysis Results
GITRDD Model
Creator
ModelTransformer
AugmentedDesign/Mfg. Model
UIUCBrowser
DFX ResultsReviewer
Feedbackfor Design
Readiness / Changes
Simulation/AnalysisModel Execution & Mgt.
X = manufacturing, test, ...
26Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Model-Centric Framework with Rodon/UpTimeModel-Centric Framework with Rodon/UpTime
27Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Information Capture GapsInformation Capture Gaps
Tool A1 Tool An...
“dumb” information capturea. Computer-insensible (just human-sensible presentation)
and/orb. Missing highest-level intent
LegendContent
Coverage Gaps
ContentSemantic GapsExample computer-insensible “dumb” figures
Collective Systems Model
Content Coverage and Content SemanticsContent Coverage and Content Semantics
28Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Circuit Board Design Enrichment Circuit Board Design Enrichment http://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/nist-warpage/http://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/nist-warpage/
2. XaiTools stackup model(via AP210)
2.a - as-imported(content gaps)
1. ECAD model
2.b - after specifying stackup design
29Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Typical Semantic Gaps in MS Word ModelsTypical Semantic Gaps in MS Word ModelsSee http://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/seminars-etc/2002-04-shinshu-peak/See http://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/seminars-etc/2002-04-shinshu-peak/
WYSINWYG: What You See Is (Often) Not What You GetWYSIWYG: What You See Is What You Get ...
30Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Sample Model-Centric FrameworkSample Model-Centric Frameworkhttp://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/nist-warpage/http://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/nist-warpage/
Eagle
Producer Tools
MentorGraphics
ElectricalCAD Tools
AP210
Doors
Slate
Systems EngineeringTools
NX
CATIA
MechanicalCAD Tools
…
AP203, AP214 AP233, SysML
Collective Systems Model
XaiToolsPWA-B
Enricher Tools (Gap-Fillers)
XaiToolsPWA-B
Stackup Tool Warpage Simulation Tool
AP210 AP210+
Standards-based Submodels
XaiToolsXE
Consumer Tools
31Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Information Management:Information Management:Intermediate/Advanced ConceptsIntermediate/Advanced Concepts
• Model-Centric Frameworks – Typical Patterns
• Collective system model• Produce, merge, enrich, consume
– Typical Issues/Gaps• Content coverage gaps• Content semantic gaps• Associativity gaps
32Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
e
se
tr
Pf
02
21
e
be
ht
PCf
),,( 13 hbrfK
Channel Fitting Analysis
Sample Associativity GapsSample Associativity Gaps
Analysis Model (with Idealized Features)
Detailed Design Model
Idealizations
1 : b = cavity3.inner_width + rib8.thickness/2 + rib9.thickness/2
“It is no secret that CAD models are driving more of today’s product development processes ... With the growing number of design tools on the market, however, the interoperability gap with downstream applications, such as finite element analysis, is a very real problem. As a result, CAD models are being recreated at unprecedented levels.” Ansys/ITI press Release, July 6 1999
http://www.ansys.com/webdocs/VisitAnsys/CorpInfo/PR/pr-060799.html
No explicit
fine-grained
CAD-CAE
associativity
33Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
~1 Million Associativity Gaps~1 Million Associativity Gapshttp://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/conferences/2003-asme-detc-peak/http://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/conferences/2003-asme-detc-peak/
Categories of Gap Costs• Associativity time & labor - Manual maintenance - Little re-use - Lost knowledge• Inconsistencies• Limited analysis usage - Fewer parts analyzed - Fewer iterations per part• “Wrong” values - Too conservative: Extra part costs and performance inefficiencies - Too loose: Re-work, failures, law suits
e
se
tr
Pf
02
21
e
be
ht
PCf
),,( 13 hbrfK
Analysis Model(with Idealized Features)
Detailed Design Model
Channel Fitting Analysis
idealizations
No explicit
fine-grained
CAD-CAE
associativity
000,000,10$gap
$10 gaps000,000,1
gaps000,000,1analysis
variables 10
part
analyses 10parts 000,10
OOO
OOOO
Initial Cost Estimate per Complex Product (only for manual maintenance costs of structural analysis problems)
34Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
ContentsContents
• Information Management Principles – Fundamental Things– Intermediate / Advanced Concepts
• Knowledge Graphs and Component-based Modeling– SysML and Composable Objects (COBs)– Patterns for Simulation Templates
With Applications to After-SalesWith Applications to After-Sales
Enhancing Education Using Enhancing Education Using Graph-based Knowledge RepresentationsGraph-based Knowledge Representations
Source: FS Cowan, M Usselman, D Llewellyn, A Gravitt (2003) Utilizing Constraint Graphs in High School Physics. Proc. ASEE Annual Conf. & Expo. http://www.cetl.gatech.edu/services/step/constraint.pdf
“I believe this will be helpful to others because I have been doing the same thing in my head to organize and understand the equations and to help me solve problems successfully.”[~Student Comment~]
Initial results with high school physics class: Students using knowledge graphs did 70% better
36Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Product Development Knowledge GraphProduct Development Knowledge Graph
Source: Chris Paredis, 2004
Typical Current IssuesTypical Current Issues
RR
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
DesignersSuppliers
R
R
R
RR
R
R
R
RR
RR
R R
R
R
R
R
Manufacturing
AnalystsImplicit
Not Computer- interpretable
Not Interoperable
Coarse-grainedPDM
CAD1CAD2
FEM
ProcessPlanning
R
37Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Next-Gen. PSLM Framework with Fine-Grain Knowledge Graphs Next-Gen. PSLM Framework with Fine-Grain Knowledge Graphs
Domain
Abs
trac
tion
Leve
l
Req
uire
men
ts
Str
uctu
res
Ele
ctro
nics
Hum
an In
tera
ctio
n
Systems Engineering
Models of varying abstractions and domains
Legend
Model interfaces:Associativities among domain-specific models & system-level models
Dev
elop
men
t P
roce
ss
…
Fine-grained models:Information objectsParametric relations
…
…
…
…
…
After Bajaj, Peak, & Waterbury2003-09
Customer /Acquisitions…
38Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Analysis Tools
0.4375 in
0.5240 in
0.0000 in
2.440 in
1.267 in
0.307 in
0.5 in
0.310 in
2.088 in
1.770 in
67000 psi
65000 psi
57000 psi
52000 psi
39000 psi
0.067 in/in
0.030 in/in
5960 Ibs
1
10000000 psi
9.17
5.11
9.77
rear spar fitting attach point
BLE7K18
2G7T12U (Detent 0, Fairing Condition 1)
L29 -300
Outboard TE Flap, Support No 2;Inboard Beam, 123L4567
Bulkhead Fitting Joint
Program
Part
Feature
Channel FittingStatic Strength Analysis
Template
1 of 1Dataset
strength model
r1
e
b
h
tb
te
Pu
Ftu
E
r2
r0
a
FtuLT
Fty
FtyLT
epuLT
tw
MSwall
epu
jm
MSepb
MSeps
Channel FittingStatic Strength Analysis
Fsu
IAS FunctionRef D6-81766
end pad
base
material
wall
analysis context
mode: (ultimate static strength)
condition:
heuristic: overall fitting factor, Jm
bolt
fitting
headradius, r1
hole radius, ro
width, b
eccentricity, e
thickness, teheight, h
radius, r2
thickness, tb
hole
thickness, twangled height, a
max allowable ultimate stress,
allowable ultimate long transverse stress,
max allowable yield stress,
max allowable long transverse stress,
max allowable shear stress,
plastic ultimate strain,
plastic ultimate strain long transverse,
young modulus of elasticity,
load, Pu
Ftu
Fty
FtyLT
Fsu
epu
epuLT
E
FtuLT
product structure (channel fitting joint)
Flexible High Diversity Design-Analysis Integration Phases 1-3 Airframe Examples:
“Bike Frame” / Flap Support Inboard Beam
Simulation Templates (CBAMs) of Diverse Feature:Mode, & Fidelity
Design Tools
Materials DBFEA
Elfini*MATDB-like
Analyzable Product Model
XaiTools
XaiTools
Fitting:Bending/Shear
3D
1.5D
Modular, ReusableTemplate Libraries
MCAD ToolsCATIA v4, v5
Lug:Axial/Oblique; Ultimate/Shear
1.5D
Assembly:Ultimate/
FailSafe/Fatigue*
* = Item not yet available in toolkit (all others have working examples)
diagonal brace lug jointj = top
0.7500 in
0.35 in
0.7500 in
1.6000 in
2
0.7433
14.686 K
2.40
4.317 K
8.633 K
k = norm
Max. torque brake settingdetent 30, 2=3.5º
7050-T7452, MS 7-214
67 Ksi
L29 -300
Outboard TE Flap, Support No 2;Inboard Beam, 123L4567
Diagonal Brace Lug Joint
Program
Part
Feature
Lug JointAxial Ultimate Strength Model
Template
j = top lugk = normal diameter (1 of 4)
Dataset
material
deformation model
max allowable ultimate stress, FtuL
effective width, W
analysis context
objective
mode (ultimate static strength)
condition
estimated axial ultimate strength
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
normal diameter, Dnorm
thickness, t
edge margin, e
Plug joint
size,n
lugs
lugj hole
diameters
product structure (lug joint)
r1
n
P jointlug
L [ j:1,n ]
Plug
L [ k]Dk
oversize diameter, Dover
D
PaxuW
e
t
Ftuax
Kaxu
Lug Axial UltimateStrength Model
BDM 6630
Fasteners DB
FASTDB-like
General Math Mathematica
In-HouseCodes
Image API(CATGEO);
VBScript
http://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/boeing-psi/
39Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
diagonal brace lug jointj = top
0.7500 in
0.35 in
0.7500 in
1.6000 in
2
0.7433
14.686 K
2.40
4.317 K
8.633 K
k = norm
Max. torque brake settingdetent 30, 2=3.5º
7050-T7452, MS 7-214
67 Ksi
L29 -300
Outboard TE Flap, Support No 2;Inboard Beam, 123L4567
Diagonal Brace Lug Joint
Program
Part
Feature
Lug JointAxial Ultimate Strength Model
Template
j = top lugk = normal diameter (1 of 4)
Dataset
material
deformation model
max allowable ultimate stress, FtuL
effective width, W
analysis context
objective
mode (ultimate static strength)
condition
estimated axial ultimate strength
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
normal diameter, Dnorm
thickness, t
edge margin, e
Plug joint
size,n
lugs
lugj hole
diameters
product structure (lug joint)
r1
n
P jointlug
L [ j:1,n ]
Plug
L [ k]Dk
oversize diameter, DoverD
PaxuW
e
t
Ftuax
Kaxu
Lug Axial UltimateStrength Model
DM 6630
Lug Template Applied to an Airframe Analysis ProblemComposable Object (COB)-based constraint schematic - instance view
Solution Tool Interaction
Boundary Condition Objects(links to other analyses)
CAD-CAE Associativity (idealization usage)
Material Models
Model-based Documentation
Geometry
P KW
DDtFaxu axu tuax ( )1
Requirements
Legend: Annotations highlight model knowledge capture capabilities. Other notation is COB constraint schematics notation.
R
c
b
= f( c , b , R )W = f( R , D , )
axial direction
e
D
Classical C
OB
Notation [Peak, 1993; T
amburini, 1999; W
ilson, 2000]
CBAM
40Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Fitting Analysis Template Applied to “Bike Frame” Bulkhead COB-based CBAM constraint schematic - instance view
0.4375 in
0.5240 in
0.0000 in
2.440 in
1.267 in
0.307 in
0.5 in
0.310 in
2.088 in
1.770 in
67000 psi
65000 psi
57000 psi
52000 psi
39000 psi
0.067 in/in
0.030 in/in
5960 Ibs
1
10000000 psi
9.17
5.11
9.77
bulkhead fitting attach point
LE7K18
2G7T12U (Detent 0, Fairing Condition 1)
L29 -300
Outboard TE Flap, Support No 2;Inboard Beam, 123L4567
Bulkhead Fitting Joint
Program
Part
Feature
Channel FittingStatic Strength Analysis
Template
1 of 1Dataset
strength model
r1
e
b
h
tb
te
Pu
Ftu
E
r2
r0
a
FtuLT
Fty
FtyLT
epuLT
tw
MSwall
epu
jm
MSepb
MSeps
Channel FittingStatic Strength Analysis
Fsu
IAS FunctionRef DM 6-81766
end pad
base
material
wall
analysis context
mode: (ultimate static strength)
condition:
heuristic: overall fitting factor, Jm
bolt
fitting
headradius, r1
hole radius, ro
width, b
eccentricity, e
thickness, teheight, h
radius, r2
thickness, tb
hole
thickness, twangled height, a
max allowable ultimate stress,
allowable ultimate long transverse stress,
max allowable yield stress,
max allowable long transverse stress,
max allowable shear stress,
plastic ultimate strain,
plastic ultimate strain long transverse,
young modulus of elasticity,
load, Pu
Ftu
Fty
FtyLT
Fsu
epu
epuLT
E
FtuLT
product structure (channel fitting joint)
e
se
tr
Pf
02
21
e
be
ht
PCf
),,( 13 hbrfK
18 associativity relations
COB = composable object
Classical C
OB
Notation [Peak, 1993; T
amburini, 1999; W
ilson, 2000]
41Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Simulation-Based Design Knowledge RepresentationA Conceptual Framework for Modeling & Simulation
http://eislab.gatech.edu/research/dai/
Design Models Analysis ModelsOther Model Abstractions (Patterns)
Idealization & Associativity Relations
Product-Specific
Product-Independent
1 Solution Method Model
ABB SMM
2 Analysis Building Block
4 Context-Based Analysis Model3
SMMABB
APM ABB
CBAM
APM
Design Tools Solution Tools
Printed Wiring Assembly (PWA)
Solder Joint
Component
PWB
Solder Joint
Component
PWB
body3body2
body1
body4
T0
body3body2
body1
body4
T0
Printed Wiring Board (PWB)
SolderJoint Component
Printed Wiring Board (PWB)
SolderJoint Component
AnalyzableProduct Model
i
Multi-Representation Architecture (MRA)
42Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
1 Solution Method Model
ABB SMM
2 Analysis Building Block
4 Context-Based Analysis Model3
SMMABB
APM ABB
CBAM
APM
Design Tools Solution Tools
Printed Wiring Assembly (PWA)
Solder Joint
Component
PWB
Solder Joint
Component
PWB
body3body2
body1
body4
T0
body3body2
body1
body4
T0
Printed Wiring Board (PWB)
SolderJoint Component
Printed Wiring Board (PWB)
SolderJoint Component
AnalyzableProduct Model
i
http://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/conferences/2003-asme-detc-peak/
Preliminary Characterization of CAD-CAE Interoperability ProblemEstimated quantities for all structural analyses of a complex system (airframe)
Design Models Analysis ModelsOther Model Abstractions (Patterns)
Idealization & Associativity Relations
O(100) tools
O(10K) template types and O(100K) template instances
O(100) building blocks
O(10K) relevant parts
43Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
1 Solution Method Model
ABB SMM
2 Analysis Building Block
4 Context-Based Analysis Model3
SMMABB
APM ABB
CBAM
APM
Design Tools Solution Tools
Printed Wiring Assembly (PWA)
Solder Joint
Component
PWB
Solder Joint
Component
PWB
body3body2
body1
body4
T0
body3body2
body1
body4
T0
Printed Wiring Board (PWB)
SolderJoint Component
Printed Wiring Board (PWB)
SolderJoint Component
AnalyzableProduct Model
i
Preliminary Characterization of CAD-CAE Interoperability Problem Estimated quantities for all structural analyses of a complex system (airframe) - cont.
O(100K) template instances containingO(1M) associativity relations
associativity gap = computer-insensible relation ~1M gaps
CAD-CAE associativity relations are represented as APM-ABB relations, APMABB , inside CBAMs
44Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Primary website http://www.omgsysml.org/
SysML focus at Georgia Tech http://www.pslm.gatech.edu/topics/sysml/
What is SysML?What is SysML?
“The OMG Systems Modeling Language is a visual modeling language for systems engineering applications. SysML supports the specification, analysis, design, verification, and validation of a broad range of systems and systems-of-systems. These systems may include hardware, software, information, processes, personnel, and facilities.”
SpringSpringSystemSystemExampleExample
(c) TwoSpringSystem parametric diagram.
spring1: LinearSpring
springConstant: N/mm = 5.50
start: = 0
end:
undeformedLength: mm = 8.00
totalElongation:
force:
length:
bc3:
spring2: LinearSpring
springConstant: N/mm = 6.00
start:
end:
undeformedLength: mm = 8.00
totalElongation:
force:
length:
bc2: bc5:
{u2 = dL2 – u1}
bc6: u2Eqn
dL2: u2:u1:
deformation2:
bc4: load:
deformation1:
par [block] TwoSpringSystem [Definition view]
bdd [package] springSystems [Analytical spring tutorial]
«abb»TwoSpringSystem
values
deformation1: DistanceMeasuredeformation2: DistanceMeasureload: ForceMeasure
«abb»LinearSpring
values
undeformedLength: LengthMeasurespringConstant: ForcePerLengthMeasurestart: DistanceMeasureend: DistanceMeasurelength: DistanceMeasuretotalElongation: DistanceMeasureforce: ForceMeasure
spring2
(a) Analytical springs tutorial block definition diagram.
spring1
{F = k * dL}
r3: ForceEqn
k: F:dL:
springConstant:
undeformedLength:
{dL = L – L0}
r2: deltaLengthEqn
dL: L:L0:
force:
length:
(b) LinearSpring parametric diagram.
totalElongation:
{L = x2 – x1}
r1: LengthEqn
x1: L:x2:
start:
end:
par [block] LinearSpring [Definition view]
FF
k
L
deformed state
Lo
L
x2x1
P
k1 k2
2u1u
SysML DiagramsSysML Diagrams
INCOSE Symposium 2007 papers - http://www.pslm.gatech.edu/topics/sysml/
Copyright © Sörman Information & Media AB
The Generations of Modeling Paradigms
• 3rd Generation: Component-Based Model
One model – Multiple scenarios
Failures – Multiple combinationsof structural changes
energy
47Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Design-Simulation Knowledge GraphDesign-Simulation Knowledge GraphFlap Linkage Model—A Benchmark Design-Analysis ExampleFlap Linkage Model—A Benchmark Design-Analysis Example
Material Model ABB:
Continuum ABBs:
E
One D LinearElastic Model
T
G
e
t
material model
polar moment of inertia, J
radius, r
undeformed length, Lo
twist,
theta start, 1
theta end, 2
r1
12
r3
0L
r
J
rTr
torque, Tr
x
TT
G, r, , ,J
Lo
y
material model
temperature, T
reference temperature, To
force, F
area, A
undeformed length, Lo
total elongation,L
length, L
start, x1
end, x2
E
One D LinearElastic Model
(no shear)
T
e
t
r1
12 xxL
r2
oLLL
r4
A
F
edb.r1
oTTT
r3
L
L
x
FF
E, A,
LLo
T, ,
yL
Torsional Rod
Extensional Rod
temperature change,T
cte,
youngs modulus, E
stress,
shear modulus, G
poissons ratio,
shear stress, shear strain,
thermal strain, t
elastic strain, e
strain,
r2
r1)1(2
EG
r3
r4Tt
Ee
r5
G
te
1D Linear Elastic Model
material
effective length, Leff
linear elastic model
Lo
Extensional Rod(isothermal)
F
L
A
L
E
x2
x1
youngs modulus, E
cross section area, A
al1
al3
al2
linkage
mode: shaft tension
condition reaction
allowable stress
stress mos model
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
Analysis Templatesof Diverse Behavior & Fidelity
(CBAMs)MCAD Tools
Materials LibrariesIn-House, ...
FEAAnsys
Abaqus*
CATIA Elfini*
MSC Nastran*
MSC Patran*
NX Nastran*
...
General MathMathematica
Matlab*
MathCAD*
...
Analyzable Product Model(APM)
Extension
Torsion
1D
1D
Analysis Building Blocks(ABBs)
CATIA, NX,Pro/E*, ...
Analysis Solvers(via SMMs)
Design Tools
2D
flap_link
critical_section
critical_simple
t2f
wf
tw
hw
t1f
area
effective_length
critical_detailed
stress_strain_model linear_elastic
E
cte area
wf
tw
hw
tf
sleeve_1
b
h
t
b
h
t
sleeve_2
shaft
rib_1
material
rib_2
w
t
r
x
name
t2f
wf
tw
t1f
cross_section
w
t
r
x
R3
R2
R1
R8
R9
R10
6R
R7
R12
11R
1R
2
3
4
5
R
R
R
R
name
linear_elastic_model
wf
tw
tf
inter_axis_length
sleeve_2
shaft
material
linkage
sleeve_1
w
t
r
E
cross_section:basic
w
t
rL
ws1
ts1
rs2
ws2
ts2
rs2
wf
tw
tf
E
deformation model
x,max
ParameterizedFEA Model
stress mos model
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
ux mos model
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
mode: tensionux,max
Fcondition reaction
allowable inter axis length change
allowable stress
ts1
B
sleeve1
B ts2
ds2
ds1
sleeve2
L
shaft
Leff
s
rib1 rib2
material
effective length, Leff
deformation model
linear elastic model
Lo
Torsional Rod
G
J
r
2
1
shear modulus, G
cross section:effective ring polar moment of inertia, J
al1
al3
al2a
linkage
mode: shaft torsion
condition reactionT
outer radius, ro al2b
stress mos model
allowable stress
twist mos model
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
allowabletwist
Linkage Extensional Model
Linkage Plane Stress Model
Linkage Torsional Model* = Item not yet available in toolkit—all others have working examples 2007-04
Parts LibrariesIn-House*, ...
LegendTool AssociativityObject Re-use
INCOSE Symposium 2007 papers - http://www.pslm.gatech.edu/topics/sysml/
48Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Flap Linkage Design ModelFlap Linkage Design ModelSysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd) - basic viewSysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd) - basic view
v. 2007-04-19
bdd [package] flapLinkageApm [Basic view]
PhysicalPart
FlapLinkage TaperedBeam
CrossSection
BasicISection
FilletedTaperedISection
TaperedISection
Point Sleeve Rib
Material Hole
hole
sleeve1 sleeve2 rib1 rib2origin
material
shaft
criticalCrossSection
basic tapered
design
ts1
B
sleeve1
B
ts2
ds2
ds1
sleeve2
L
shaft
Leff
s
rib1 rib2
red = idealized parameter
49Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Flap Linkage Design ModelFlap Linkage Design ModelSysML Parametric Diagram (par)SysML Parametric Diagram (par)
par [block] FlapLinkage [Definition view: primary design and idealization relations]
mechanicalBehaviorModels:
material:
yieldStress:
name:
criticalCrossSection:
design:
flangeTaperAngle:
flangeWidth:
shaft:
linearElastic:
youngsModulus:
poissonsRatio:
iSection.webHeight:
sleeve1:
wallThickness:
outerDiameter:
innerDiameter:
origin:
x:
y:
z:
width:
crossSection:
diameter:
radius:
area:
hole:
{Leff = L - (rhs1 + rhs2)}
pir1: LeffEqn
rhs1: rhs2:
{tr2 = wtd}
pr6: tr2Eqn
tr2:wtd:
L:
{dLa = dLaf * Leff}
pir4: dLaEqn
dLa: Leff:
dLaf:
{tha = thaf * Leff}
pir3: thaEqn
tha: Leff:
thaf:
{hr1 = (ws1 - wtd) / 2}
pr3: hr1Eqn
ws1: hr1:wtd:
taperAngle:
length:
shearModulus:
rib1:
thickness:
base:
height:
{tr1 = wtd}
pr5: tr1Eqn
tr1: wtd:{htotd =
ods1}
pir2: htotdEqn
ods1:
htotd:
{ys1 = y0}
pr1: ys1Eqn
ys1:y0:
origin:
x:
y:
z:
rib2:
thickness:
base:
height: {hr2 = (ws2 - wtd) / 2}
pr4: hr2Eqn
hr2: ws2:wtd:
{ys2 = ys1 + L}
pr2: ys2Eqn
L:ys1:
sleeve2:
wallThickness:
outerDiameter:
innerDiameter:
origin:
y:
x:
z:
width:
crossSection:
diameter:
radius:
area:
hole:
ys2:
totalHeight:
area:webThickness:
iSection.flangeThickness:
flangeFilletRadius:
flangeTaperThickness:
flangeBaseThickness:
partNumber:
description:
designer:
interAxisLength:
effectiveLength:
allowableInterAxisLengthChange:
allowableInterAxisLengthChangeFactor:
allowableTwist:
allowableTwistFactor:
Leff:
ts1
B
sleeve1
B
ts2
ds2
ds1
sleeve2
L
shaft
Leff
s
rib1 rib2
red = idealized parameter
50Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Design-Simulation Knowledge GraphDesign-Simulation Knowledge GraphFlap Linkage Model—A Benchmark Design-Analysis ExampleFlap Linkage Model—A Benchmark Design-Analysis Example
Material Model ABB:
Continuum ABBs:
E
One D LinearElastic Model
T
G
e
t
material model
polar moment of inertia, J
radius, r
undeformed length, Lo
twist,
theta start, 1
theta end, 2
r1
12
r3
0L
r
J
rTr
torque, Tr
x
TT
G, r, , ,J
Lo
y
material model
temperature, T
reference temperature, To
force, F
area, A
undeformed length, Lo
total elongation,L
length, L
start, x1
end, x2
E
One D LinearElastic Model
(no shear)
T
e
t
r1
12 xxL
r2
oLLL
r4
A
F
edb.r1
oTTT
r3
L
L
x
FF
E, A,
LLo
T, ,
yL
Torsional Rod
Extensional Rod
temperature change,T
cte,
youngs modulus, E
stress,
shear modulus, G
poissons ratio,
shear stress, shear strain,
thermal strain, t
elastic strain, e
strain,
r2
r1)1(2
EG
r3
r4Tt
Ee
r5
G
te
1D Linear Elastic Model
material
effective length, Leff
linear elastic model
Lo
Extensional Rod(isothermal)
F
L
A
L
E
x2
x1
youngs modulus, E
cross section area, A
al1
al3
al2
linkage
mode: shaft tension
condition reaction
allowable stress
stress mos model
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
Analysis Templatesof Diverse Behavior & Fidelity
(CBAMs)MCAD Tools
Materials LibrariesIn-House, ...
FEAAnsys
Abaqus*
CATIA Elfini*
MSC Nastran*
MSC Patran*
NX Nastran*
...
General MathMathematica
Matlab*
MathCAD*
...
Analyzable Product Model(APM)
Extension
Torsion
1D
1D
Analysis Building Blocks(ABBs)
CATIA, NX,Pro/E*, ...
Analysis Solvers(via SMMs)
Design Tools
2D
flap_link
critical_section
critical_simple
t2f
wf
tw
hw
t1f
area
effective_length
critical_detailed
stress_strain_model linear_elastic
E
cte area
wf
tw
hw
tf
sleeve_1
b
h
t
b
h
t
sleeve_2
shaft
rib_1
material
rib_2
w
t
r
x
name
t2f
wf
tw
t1f
cross_section
w
t
r
x
R3
R2
R1
R8
R9
R10
6R
R7
R12
11R
1R
2
3
4
5
R
R
R
R
name
linear_elastic_model
wf
tw
tf
inter_axis_length
sleeve_2
shaft
material
linkage
sleeve_1
w
t
r
E
cross_section:basic
w
t
rL
ws1
ts1
rs2
ws2
ts2
rs2
wf
tw
tf
E
deformation model
x,max
ParameterizedFEA Model
stress mos model
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
ux mos model
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
mode: tensionux,max
Fcondition reaction
allowable inter axis length change
allowable stress
ts1
B
sleeve1
B ts2
ds2
ds1
sleeve2
L
shaft
Leff
s
rib1 rib2
material
effective length, Leff
deformation model
linear elastic model
Lo
Torsional Rod
G
J
r
2
1
shear modulus, G
cross section:effective ring polar moment of inertia, J
al1
al3
al2a
linkage
mode: shaft torsion
condition reactionT
outer radius, ro al2b
stress mos model
allowable stress
twist mos model
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
Margin of Safety(> case)
allowable
actual
MS
allowabletwist
Linkage Extensional Model
Linkage Plane Stress Model
Linkage Torsional Model* = Item not yet available in toolkit—all others have working examples 2007-04
Parts LibrariesIn-House*, ...
LegendTool AssociativityObject Re-use
INCOSE Symposium 2007 papers - http://www.pslm.gatech.edu/topics/sysml/
51Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
«cbam»LinkagePlaneStressModel
«cbam»LinkageExtensionalModel
«cbam»LinkageTorsionalModel
«cbam»LinkageAnalysisModel
«apm»Linkage
Condition
«abb»MarginOfSafetyModel
«abb»ExtensionalRodIsothermal
«abb»LinkagePlaneStressAbb
«abb»TorsionalRod
«abb»OneDLinearElasticModel
«abb»OneDLinearElasticModelNoShear
«abb»OneDLinearElasticModelIsothermal
condition
stressMosModel
sxMosModel
twistMosModel
stressMosModel
deformationModel
uxMosModel
deformationModel
materialModel materialModel
bdd [package] linkageCbams [Basic view]
soi
soi = system of interest
Linkage Simulation Templates & Generic Building BlocksLinkage Simulation Templates & Generic Building BlocksSysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd) - basic viewSysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd) - basic view
ts1
B
sleeve1
B
ts2
ds2
ds1
sleeve2
L
shaft
Leff
s
rib1 rib2
red = idealized parameter
Design-specific simulation templates
Design-independent analytical building blocks
Libraries of Analysis Building Blocks (ABBs)Libraries of Analysis Building Blocks (ABBs)Material Model & Continuum ABBsMaterial Model & Continuum ABBsSysML DiagramsSysML Diagrams
modularre-usage
x
TT
G, r, , ,J
Lo
y
x
FF
E, A,
LLo
T, ,
yL
(a)
(b)
(c)
materialModel: OneDLinearElasticModelPureShear
shearModulus:
shearStress:
shearStrain:
undeformedLength:
{dTh = th2 – th1}
r1: twistEqn
th2:angleEnd2:
th1:
dTh:
angleEnd1:
twist:
{tau = T * r / J}
r2: tauEqn
J:polarMomentOfInertia:
T:
tau:
torque
radius:r:
{gam = dTh * r / L0}
r3: gamEqn
L0:
r:
gam:
dTh:
par [block] TorsionalRod [Definition view]
materialModel: OneDLinearElasticModelNoShear
youngsModulus:
temperatureChange:
normalStress
cte:
thermalStrain:
elasticStrain:
totalStrain:
{etot = dL / L}
r3: etotEqn
dL:
etot:L:
{dL = L – L0}
r2: deltalEqn
L:
L0:
dL:
undeformedLength:
{L = x2 – x1}
r1: lengthEqn
x2:positionEnd2:
x1:positionEnd1:
{sig = F / A}
r4: stressEqn
A:area:
F: sig:force:
{dT = T – T0}
edbr1: deltatEqn
T0:referenceTemperature:
T:
dT:
temperature:
par [block] ExtensionalRod [Definition view]
L:length:
totalElongation:
{gam = tau / G}
r5: gamEqn
gam:shearStrain:
tau:
G:
{G = 1/2 * E/(1 + nu)}
r1: gEqn
nu:
G:
poissonsRatio:
shearModulus:E:
youngsModulus:
elasticStrain:
{et = alpha * dT}
r4: etEqn
dT:temperatureChange:
alpha:
et:
cte:
thermalStrain:
{ee = sig / E}
r3: eeEqn
sig: E:normalStress:
ee:
{etot = ee + et}
r2: etotEqn
ee:
etot:totalStrain:
et:
shearStress:
par [block] OneDLinearElasticModel [Definition view]
53Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
«cbam»LinkagePlaneStressModel
«cbam»LinkageExtensionalModel
«cbam»LinkageTorsionalModel
«cbam»LinkageAnalysisModel
«apm»Linkage
Condition
«abb»MarginOfSafetyModel
«abb»ExtensionalRodIsothermal
«abb»LinkagePlaneStressAbb
«abb»TorsionalRod
«abb»OneDLinearElasticModel
«abb»OneDLinearElasticModelNoShear
«abb»OneDLinearElasticModelIsothermal
condition
stressMosModel
sxMosModel
twistMosModel
stressMosModel
deformationModel
uxMosModel
deformationModel
materialModel materialModel
bdd [package] linkageCbams [Basic view]
soi
soi = system of interest
Linkage Simulation Templates & Generic Building BlocksLinkage Simulation Templates & Generic Building BlocksSysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd) - basic viewSysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd) - basic view
ts1
B
sleeve1
B
ts2
ds2
ds1
sleeve2
L
shaft
Leff
s
rib1 rib2
red = idealized parameter
Design-specific simulation templates
Design-independent analytical building blocks
54Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
deformationModel:
materialModel:
normalStress:psi = 8888
totalStrain:
youngsModulus:
undeformedLength:
area:
totalElongation:in = 1.43e-3
length:
stressMosModel:
allowable:marginOfSafety:
= 1.025
determined:
criticalCrossSection:
shaft:
condition:
description:= “flaps mid position”
effectiveLength: in = 5.00
mechanicalBehaviorModels:
material: Steel1020HR
basic:
area:in^2 = 1.125
yieldStress:psi = 18000
name:= “1020 hot-rolled steel”
linearElastic:
youngsModulus:psi = 30e6
force:
soi: FlapLinkage_XYZ-510
reaction:lbs = 10000
par [cbam] LinkageExtensionalModel_800240 [Instance view: state 1.1 - solved]
Analysis Template: Linkage Extensional Model Analysis Template: Linkage Extensional Model COB-based CBAM - SysML Parametric DiagramCOB-based CBAM - SysML Parametric Diagram
v. 2005-12-19
Solving supported viamath tool execution
APM ABB
ABB
CBAM
SMM
ts1
B
sleeve1
B
ts2
ds2
ds1
sleeve2
L
shaft
Leff
s
rib1 rib2
red = idealized parameter
55Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Analysis Template Instance: Linkage Extensional ModelAnalysis Template Instance: Linkage Extensional ModelExecutable parametric model in Executable parametric model in XaiToolsXaiTools COB browser—an object-oriented spreadsheet. COB browser—an object-oriented spreadsheet.
Detailed CAD data from CATIA
Idealized analysis features in APM
Explicit multi-directional associativity between design & analysis
Modular generic building blocks(ABBs)
Library data for materials
Focal Point ofCAD-CAE Integration
example 1, state 1
XFW v1.0.0.t02
56Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
FEA-based FEA-based Analysis Template Analysis Template Linkage Plane Stress ModelLinkage Plane Stress ModelSysML Parametric DiagramSysML Parametric Diagram
sxMosModel: MarginOfSafetyModel
allowable:
marginOfSafety:
determined:
effectiveLength:
mechanicalBehaviorModels:
material:
yieldStress:
name:
soi: Linkage
criticalCrossSection:
basicIsection:
flangeThickness:
webThickness:
shaft:
allowableInterAxisLengthChange:
uxMosModel: MarginOfSafetyModel
allowable:
marginOfSafety:
determined:
par [cbam] LinkagePlaneStressModel [Definition view]
deformationModel: LinkagePlaneStressAbb
rs1:
ws2:
ts2:
tf:
rs2:
ws1:
ts1:
nuxy:
wf:
tw:
ex:
force:
uxMax:
sxMax:
l:
linearElastic:
youngsModulus:
poissonsRatio:
flangeWidth:
sleeve1:
width:
outerRadius:
wallThickness:
sleeve2:
width:
outerRadius:
wallThickness:
condition: Condition
description:
reaction:
ts1
B
sleeve1
B
ts2
ds2
ds1
sleeve2
L
shaft
Leff
s
rib1 rib2
red = idealized parameter
57Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Flap Linkage Design Verification: System ContextFlap Linkage Design Verification: System ContextSysML Requirements DiagramSysML Requirements Diagram
id=REQ-1text=”Must comply with FAA regulations.”
«requirement»FaaSpecifications
id=REQ-1.1
«requirement»FlightConditionsSafety
id=REQ-1.1.1
«requirement»TakeOffSafety
id=REQ-1.1.2
«requirement»LandingSafety
id=REQ-1.1.3
«requirement»CruisingSafety
id=REQ-1.1.4
«requirement»DivingSafety
id=REQ-1.1.2.1
«requirement»FlapsDetent
id=REQ-1.1.3.1
«requirement»FlapsMidPosition
id=REQ-1.1.4.1
«requirement»2GDive
id=REQ-1.1.1.1
«requirement»FlapsDown
«testCase»FlapsDownTestCase
«apm»FlapLinkage
«deriveReqt» «deriveReqt» «deriveReqt»
«satisfy»
«verify»«satisfy» «satisfy»
«satisfy»
req [block] FlapLinkage [Verification structure]
«deriveReqt»
58Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
Simulation Template-based Test Case ExecutionSimulation Template-based Test Case Executionfor Requirements Verificationfor Requirements Verification
«block»: FlapLinkageTestBench_245
setFlapLinkageInstance(FlapLinkage_XYZ-510)
«cbam»: LinkagePlaneStressModel_760
setLoad(: lbs = 10000); execute()
getResult(“sx_mos_model.margin_of_safety”)
getResult(“ux_mos_model.margin_of_safety”)
getVerdict(FlapLinkage_XYZ-510):
Tester
: Verdict = “pass”
sd [testCase] FlapsDownTestCase_310 [Instance view: test completed]
FEA-based engineering analysis template
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Benefits of Templates Benefits of Templates & Component-based Modeling& Component-based Modeling
Primary Impacts
Enabling Capabilities R
ed
uced
T
ime
Re
duc
ed
Co
st
Re
duc
ed
Ris
k In
crea
sed
U
nd
erst
andi
ng
In
crea
sed
C
orp
ora
te M
emo
ry
Incr
ease
d A
rtifa
ct
Pe
rfor
ma
nce
Increased Knowledge Capture & Completeness
■ ■ ■ ■
Increased Modularity & Reusability
■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Increased Traceability
■ ■ ■
Reduced Manual Re-Creation & Data Entry Errors
■ ■ ■
Increased Automation
■ ■ ■
Reduced Modeling Effort
■ ■
Increased Analysis Intensity
■ ■
60Copyright © 2007 Georgia Tech. All Rights Reserved.
ContentsContents
• Information Management Principles – Fundamental Things– Intermediate / Advanced Concepts
• Knowledge Graphs and Component-based Modeling– SysML and Composable Objects (COBs)– Patterns for Simulation Templates
With Applications to After-SalesWith Applications to After-Sales
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ConclusionConclusion
Hopefully you have found useful
a Thing ...
... or Two
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QuizQuiz
• Content semantic gaps– Describe one or more after-sales applications
[50 pts.]
• Content coverage gaps– Describe one or more after-sales applications
[50 pts.]