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Cooperative Development in
EuropeAthens, 6th March 2015
Klaus Niederländer – Director
Wha
t is a
Coo
pera
tive
&
Role o
f Coo
pera
tives
Eur
ope
Busine
ss E
nviro
nmen
t
for C
oope
rativ
es in
Eur
ope
Key C
halle
nges
& Opp
ortu
nities
The co
oper
ative
land
scap
e
in Eur
ope
What
is a
Cooper
ativ
e &
Role o
f Cooper
ativ
es E
urope
Busine
ss E
nviro
nmen
t
for C
oope
rativ
es in
Eur
ope
Key C
halle
nges
& Opp
ortu
nities
The co
oper
ative
land
scap
e
in Eur
ope
“ An autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social,
and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise”
Cooperative Alliance (ICA)
Cooperative enterprises build a better world
What is a Cooperative?
History of Cooperatives
• In XIX century, cooperatives emerged within the working class
• Cooperatives were created as a tool to fight monopolies
• Cooperatives were part of a broader social movement with political aims of transforming society
• Worldwide, some 800 million people are members of cooperatives, and it is estimated that cooperatives employ 100 million people.
Cooperative Characteristics
Seven cooperative principles:
1. Voluntary and open membership
2. Democratic member control
3. Member economic participation
4. Autonomy and independence
5. Education, training and formation
6. Cooperation among cooperatives
7. Concern for community
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Self-Help via Joint Ownership
Self-Control via Democratic Governance
Autonomy through Self-Regulation
Empowerment of Citizens
The Cooperative Way of Doing Business
Cooperatives-Putting People First
Types of Cooperatives
Producer Cooperatives Worker Cooperatives
Consumer Cooperatives Credit Unions
Types of Cooperatives
Retail or Purchasing Coops Social Cooperatives
Cooperatives Vs. Corporations
Different model of ownership
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Since 2006 – the European cross-sector representative organisation for cooperative enterprises – recognized by the EU Institutions
Role of Cooperatives Europe
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The European Region of theInternational Cooperative Alliance
7 European Cooperative
Sector Organisations:
• Agriculture: Cogeca• Banking: EACB• Consumer & Retail: Euro Coop• Housing: Cecodhas• Industry & Services: Cecop• Pharmacy: EUSP• Renewables: RESCoop
70 Members from33 European Countries
• National Apex Organisations• National Sector Organisations• Cooperative Enterprises
The Voice of Cooperatives in Europe
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Representing and defending the interests of our cooperative members in Europe
Promoting the cooperative enterprise model in Europe
Fostering the exchange and the collaboration between cooperative members in Europe
Cooperatives Europe - What We Do
Provide information, knowledge and network opportunities to our members via
Advocacy
– for the plurality of business models
Communication
– raise awareness about cooperatives
Programming
– promote cooperation 14
Cooperatives Europe - Objectives
Promotion of the cooperative business modelCooperative manifesto – Roadmap – #coopsupporter
Youth & Innovation
Renewable Energy
European and International development
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Cooperatives Europe - Activities
Cooperative Roadmap
Education & Entrepreneurship
Business support services
Financing of Cooperatives
Wha
t is C
oope
rativ
e &
Role o
f Coo
pera
tives
Eur
ope
Busine
ss E
nviro
nmen
t
For
Coo
pera
tives
in E
urop
e
Key C
halle
nges
& Opp
ortu
nities
The co
operat
ive
landsc
ape
in E
urope
160,000 co-operatives with for example:
40.000 agricultural cooperatives 4,000 cooperative banks with 65,000 outlets 50.000 industry & service cooperatives Representing between 2-10% of national GDP
in most European countries
5,4 million direct jobs
More than 100 million members
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COOPERATIVES IN EUROPE
Facts & Figures
COOPERATIVES IN EUROPE
Members per Inhabitants
COOPERATIVES IN EUROPE
Agriculture
© source: General Confederation of Agricultural Cooperatives in the European Union
Banking
© source: European Association of Co-operative Banks
COOPERATIVES IN EUROPE
Pharmacies
© source: EuroSocialPharma - UEPS
COOPERATIVES IN EUROPE
Consumer &Retail
© source: the Co-operative
COOPERATIVES IN EUROPE
Industry &Services
COOPERATIVES IN EUROPE
Housing
© source: CECODHAS
COOPERATIVES IN EUROPE
Renewable Energy
© source: the Co-operative
COOPERATIVES IN EUROPE
Wha
t is C
oope
rativ
e &
Role o
f Coo
pera
tives
Eur
ope
Busines
s Envi
ronm
ent
for C
ooperat
ives
in E
urope
Key C
halle
nges
& Opp
ortu
nities
The co
oper
ative
land
scap
e
in Eur
ope
International Year of Cooperatives in 2012 - Review of cooperative legislation in a number of
European countries – UK, France, etc.- Highlighting cooperative specificities
Importance of Modern Cooperative Law- Recognition of cooperative model & principles- Level-playing field with other business forms- General Law plus specific sectorial elements
Existence of European Cooperative Statute- Possibility to use for inter-EU trade
Review & Consolidation COOPERATIVE LEGALFRAMEWORK
Specificities in different European countries
- Cooperative Development Fund in Italy with mandatory net profit contributions from all cooperatives
- Independent cooperative auditing system in a number of countries (e.g. Germany, Poland)
- Emergence of new cooperative sectors like health, education, energy (e.g UK, Belgium, Netherlands)
Business Environment NATIONAL COOPERATIVESPECIFICITIES
Wha
t is C
oope
rativ
e &
Role o
f Coo
pera
tives
Eur
ope
Busine
ss E
nviro
nmen
t
for C
oope
rativ
es in
Eur
ope
Key C
halle
nges
& Opportu
nities
The co
oper
ative
land
scap
e
in Eur
ope
Crisis affected all enterprises
Cooperative resilience?- ILO study- Reports from EU sector organisations
Members are key assets of cooperatives
COOPERATIVE BUSINESS MODEL
We are stuck
Opportunity for cooperatives?
COOPERATIVE BUSINESS MODEL
Advantages:
- People-centred business model
- Capacity to react and to anticipate
- Sustainable and qualitative development via optimisation and not only short-term profit maximisation
Link to the society
Locally anchored
COOPERATIVE BUSINESS MODEL
Long-term vision
34
Opportunities in Energy: Crowdfunded windmill
35
Rediscovering local value – Crowdsourcing local products
36
Direct Commerce: From the sea to the customer/member
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Bees: the original cooperators!
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Strengthening local communities throughCommunity shops
