Conventional Technique vs Remote Sensing

7/28/2019 Conventional Technique vs Remote Sensing

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CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUE VS

REMOTE SENSING

Shailendra Kumar

Sch. No. 122110105

1st year M. Plan (UD)

Dpartement of architecture

and planning

MANIT Bhopal


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DEFINITIONS OF REMOTE SENSING

The art and science ofobtaining information about an

object without being in direct

physical contact with the

object - Jensen (2000)

The science and art ofobtaining information about an

object, area, or phenomenon

through the analysis of data

acquired by a device that is notin contact with the object, area,

or phenomenon under

investigation - Lillesand and

Kiefer (2000)


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HISTORY OF REMOTE SENSING

Development of photography

Invention of photography

In the 16th century: Pin-hole Camera Obscura(Latin meaning Dark Room)

In the early 19th century: Invention of filmwith silver iodide

1826first photo by Nipce

Daguerrefixing image on a film Film camera

Black and white

Color

Infrared

Digital camera

Multiple bands

Imaging techniques

Image type

Scanner type

Photo by Talbot (1840)

Am. Museum of Photography

ADS40 Aerial Camera

Leica-Geosystems


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Development of platform

Balloons

Birds

Airplanes

Artificial satellites

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)



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Development of software Developments

Command line interface

Graphical user interface

Integration of photogrammetry, GISand remote sensing

Internet and network

Major companies (products)

Leica-Geosystems (Imagine)

ESRI (ArcGIS)

PCI Geomatics (Geomatica)

Intergraph

ER Mapper

ENVI

HIPS MicroImages

Clarke Lab (Idrisi)

Open source (GRASS)

Pixoneer (PG-Steamer)

AGI Multispec


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Development of hardware

Analog tools

Streoscope

Analog Stereoplotter

Digital tools

Digital cameras

Scanners

Digital photogrammetric workstations


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THE PROCESS OF REMOTE SENSING

ENERGY

SOURCE


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Electro-magnetic radiation which is reflected oremitted from an object is the usual source

of remote sensing data. However any media such as gravity or magnetic fields can be

utilized in remote sensing.

Remote Sensing Schematic

EMR Source

Target / Interaction

Sensor PlatformsData Transmission

Data Recording/ Storage / Analysis



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A. Radiation and the atmosphere

B. Interaction with target

C. Energy recorded andconverted by sensor

D. Reception and processing

E. Interpretation and

analysis

A

A

B

D

E

C

12

65

28

33

76

Text by the Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing


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THE PROCESS OF REMOTE SENSINGFig Description

1. Energy Source or Illumination (A) - the first requirement for remote sensing is to have

an energy source which illuminates or provides electromagnetic energy to the target of

interest.

2. Radiation and the Atmosphere (B) - as the energy travels from its source to the target, it

will come in contact with and interact with the atmosphere it passes through. This

interaction may take place a second time as the energy travels from the target to the

sensor.

3. Interaction with the Target (C) - once the energy makes its way to the target through the

atmosphere, it interacts with the target depending on the properties of both the target and

the radiation.4. Recording of Energy by the Sensor (D) - after the energy has been scattered

by, or emitted from the target, we require a sensor (remote - not in contact with the

target) to collect and record the electromagnetic radiation.

5. Transmission, Reception, and Processing (E) - the energy recorded by the

sensor has to be transmitted, often in electronic form, to a receiving and processing

station where the data are processed into an image (hardcopy and/or digital).

6. Interpretation and Analysis (F) - the processed image is interpreted, visuallyand/or digitally or electronically, to extract information about the target which was

illuminated.

7. Application (G) - the final element of the remote sensing process is achieved when we

apply the information we have been able to extract from the imagery about the target

in order to better understand it, reveal some new information, or assist in solving a

particular problem


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APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING

1. Military applications

2. Local governments

3. State and federal institutions

4. Private sector applications



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1. Military applications

Surveillance

Combat support Target monitoring

National security

UAV (unmanned aerial

vehicle) imagery processing

2. Local governments

Imagery as the background

of city and county maps

Data for environmental

assessment

Planning and development

support

Engineering project support

Change monitoring

3. State and federal institutions

Natural resources management

Change monitoring Social infrastructure management

Physical environment monitoring

Transportation

Mapping

4. Private sector applications

Energy

Electricity

Water

Engineering

Business support

Agriculture

Mining and Survey


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TECHNIQUE OF REMOTE SENSINGThere are various technique used in remote sensing but we can broadly categorized the

technique into namely:

Conventional technique

Modern technique

Conventional technique:

This technique use traditional method such as field survey, field equipment, manual recording,

field work and aerial photography. we sense our surroundings with out eye-brain system we are

determining the size, shape, and color of objects from a distance by collecting and analyzing

reflected visible light. This technique uses visible rage of radiation. This survey is done whenthere is need of detailed and exact information of particular area is required.

Modern technique:

This technique uses modern remote sensing equipment such as satellite, radar etc. to get the

generalize information of an area. In this technique visible and non visible range of radiation

are studied.


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Conventional technique vs remote sensing

Conventional Technique

It comprise of field work, aerial

photography and visible range of

radiation. Most of the works are manual.

Provides detailed information about an

area.

This is useful for survey of small area.

It requires lots of time for collecting data.

The process is very slow and requireshuge amount of human inputs and

finance.

The information we get is limited to an

area so we cannot generalize the

information over the large area.

Its requires lots of mathematical methodto analyze the data.

It doesnt work in bad weather condition.

This technique works well in an area

where there is geographically good for

human.

Remote sensing

It comprise of visible range and non

visible range of radiation.

Most of the work are done throughcomputer and satellite.

Provides genearal information about an

area.

This is useful for survey of larger area.

It requires less amount of time for

collecting data. The process is very fast and requires huge

finance at the start but provide

information for long time and at regular

intervals.

Its requires interpretation of data and

little of mathematical method to analyzethe data.

It work in all weather condition.

This technique works well in all areas.

These technique is far better than

conventional technique.


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BIBILIOGRAPHY

www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/.../1120579 - United StatesShare Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) Dr. Punyatoya Patra

(Associate Professor, Aditi Mahavidyalaya, University of Delhi)

http://www.urisa.org/2007

http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~geog-p/geog/RemoteSensing/

http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/home

Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering, Volume 2, No. 2, 2008- 100 -Evaluation of the Use of

Remote Sensing Techniques for Highway Alignment Layout Basim K. Jrew 1), Abdul

Razzak T. Ziboona 2) and Deleen Mohamed Saleh2)

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Conventional Technique vs Remote Sensing