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CONTEXTUAL LEARNING

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INTRODUCTION

You might have touse it in future.

Why do I have tolearn this lesson?

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The Average Child

I dont cause teachers trouble,

my grades have been OK.

I listen in my classes

and Im in school everyday.

My teachers think Im average,

my parents think so too.I wish I didnt know that

cause theres lots Id like to do.

Id like to build a rocket, I have

a book that tells you how,or start a stamp collection-well

theres no use in trying now.

Cause since I found Im average

Im just smart enough you see,

to know there is nothing special

that I should expect of me.

Im part of the majority,

that hump part of the bell,

who spends their life unnoticedin an average kind of hell.

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Failure in helping the students to search thelinkage :

between new information and current

experiences

between school and outside world

between one subject with another subject

between previous knowledge and new

challenges, new challenges with future

responsibilities

What are the

weaknesses of teaching& learning today?

Management and administration burdenson schools and teachers

Examination orientation in educationsystem

Pressure in covering the syllabus Worry that introduction on new elementin the class will increase the burden ofthe teacher

Too restricted to the behavioristteaching style which emphasis onobserved behaviour

What are the threats

in building thelinkage?

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What is Contextual Learning?

Contextual Learning is a learning method which combinesthe content with the individual daily experiences, society

and career. This method is prepared with concrete

hands-on and minds-on learning activities.

Individual daily experience

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Schooling

Career

Life of society

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Contextual Learning Theory

Current Knowledge

New Knowledge

Learning only happens when the students manageto process the information or new knowledgemeaningfully in their mind.

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Culture

Physical Social

Multiple

Contexts

Psychology

The learning will be more effective if the information isdelivered in multiple contexts and is meaningful to the

students.9

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Laboratory

Classroom

Multiple LearningEnvironment

Daily Life

Working Area

Emphasis is needed on multiple learning

environment to produce effective learning.

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For which targeted group of student the contextualapproach MOST suitable?

Average group

13 17 years old

Type of student

more towards on concept of application fond of doing hands-on activities

not confident studying M&S abstractly

technical and vocational schools

daily schools

Studentscharacteristic

Location

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ScienceMathematics

Contextual Approach through multipleknowledge disciplines

Communication

ICTLanguage

Technical and vocational Humanity

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Students involvement in their schoolwork increases significantly when they are taught why they are learning theconcepts and how those concepts can be used outside the classroom. And most students learn much moreefficiently when they are allowed to work cooperatively with other students in groups or teams.

Dan Hull

A curriculum and teaching methodology tied to the childs experiences and interests.

John Dewey

Learning as a complex process that cannot be addressed adequately through drill-oriented, stimulus/responsemethodologies.

Some pedagogy experts view on contextual learning approach

Howard Gardner

The mind seeks meaning through searching for relationships that make sense dan fit with past experiences.

Renate Numella Caine and Geoffrey Caine

Learning tasks that are situated in some meaningful real-world task, or are stimulated through some case-basedor problem-based learning environment.

Jonassen

Suasana pembelajaran yang melibatkan pelbagai pengalaman yang mungkin dalam konteks sosial, budaya,fizikal dan psikologi.

D.A. Kolb

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y on ex ua

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Why contextual aproach is needed inteaching & learning?

Individual maintains the

information effectively through

his own experiences.

Contextual

Learningconsidering thelearning style.

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Individuals

have

multiple

intelligence.

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Learning stylesLearning styles

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Advantage ofTeacher

Student

Learning to:

Industry

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METHODS OF CONTEXTUAL

LEARNING

R

E

Relating(Menghubungkait)

Experiencing(Mengalami)

Belajar dalam kontekspenerokaan,

penemuan dan reka cipta

Belajar dalam konteksmenghubungkaitkan

pengetahuan baru denganpengalaman hidup

A

C

T

Applying(Mengaplikasi)

Cooperating(Bekerjasama)

Transfering(Memindahkan)

Belajar dalam konteksbagaimana pengetahuan atauinformasi boleh digunakan

dalam situasi lain.

Belajar dalam konteks

bekerjasama, memberimaklum balas danberkomunikasi

Belajar dalam kontekspengetahuan sedia ada

dengan menggunakan atau

membina daripada apayang telah diketahui

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Relating (Menghubungkait)

Murid melakukan aktiviti mengutip sampahdi sekitar sekolah untuk menanam sikapcintakan kebersihan. Menerusi pengalaman

ini murid dapat mengaitkan aktiviti yangdilakukan oleh ibu bapa mereka semasamembersihkan kawasan tempat tinggal

mereka setiap hari.

Experiencing (Mengalami)

Murid dibawa ke makmal untuk menyaksikandemontrasi serta membuat latihan amali

menyambungkan wayar kepada plug 3 pin.

Pengalaman ini boleh digunakan di rumahapabila berlakunya situasi di mana wayar plug 3

pin sterika tertanggal.

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Applying (Mengaplikasi)Murid mempelajari teori dan konsep tuas. Mereka dapatmengaplikasikan pengetahuan ini apabila bertemu situasi

di mana sebuah kereta yang tayarnya pancit tidakmempunyai jek. Dengan mengamalkan pengetahuan

yang ada, murid boleh menggunakan konsep tuas untukmenggantikan jek kereta bagi membolehkan penukaran

tayar.

Cooperating (Bekerjasama)

Murid ditugaskan secara berkumpulan untukmenyelesaikan masalah pencemaran alam

menerusi satu aktiviti an memerlukan mereka

berbincang dan bekerjasama dengan ahlikumpulan masing-masing . Hasil yangdiperolehi adalah lebih baik disebabkan merekamenyelesaikan masalah secara bekerjasama.

Transfering (Memindahkan)Murid mempelajari cara untuk mendapatkan suduttegak dengan menggunakan Teorem Pythagoras.Murid boleh memindahkan pengetahuan bahawa

segitiga bersisi 3m, 4m dan 5m akan menghasilkan

sudut tegak dalam aktiviti mengecat garisangelanggang permainan.

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How to implement the contextual

teaching and learning?

MOTIVATION

Introduction

Discussion onissues

T & L Aids UNDERSTANDING Explanation on

classroomdiscussion

Reading

Research

APPLICATIONSKILL

Hands-On

activities

Problemsolving

TURNING BACK

AND ASSESSMENT

Reminding the

main facts

Assessment on

progress

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Students

Learning

Teachers

Teaching

Support from the

SchoolAdministration

Support from the

Society

The main aim of contextual learning is to produce qualifiedstudents. To proceed it, all members involved have to agreewith what is needed to be studied and agree about its

learning strategies. Beside that, supports from the societymight provide the encouragement and sources to help the

students and teachers to make the conducive teaching andlearning becomes reality.

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