Constitution Exam Constitution Exam

Study GuideStudy Guidechapter 3-6chapter 3-6

Constitution HistoryConstitution History

►Articles of Confederation: what was it Articles of Confederation: what was it and why didn’t it work as the U.S. and why didn’t it work as the U.S. Constitution?Constitution?

►What major issues and problems did What major issues and problems did the Constitutional Convention hope to the Constitutional Convention hope to solve?solve?

Constitution HistoryConstitution History

►Who were the major groups fighting at Who were the major groups fighting at the Constitutional Convention? the Constitutional Convention?

►Be able to explain and discuss the Be able to explain and discuss the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan. Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan.

►What were the What were the Federalist PapersFederalist Papers and and why are they significant? why are they significant?

CHECKS and BALANCESCHECKS and BALANCES►What does this mean? What does this mean? ►Why this is included? (significance)Why this is included? (significance)►Why is the concept important—what Why is the concept important—what

does it do for democracy? does it do for democracy? ►Specific examples (see p. 118 of text)Specific examples (see p. 118 of text)

►I I mightmight ask a question ask a question like:”Name two specific ways like:”Name two specific ways that Congress can check and that Congress can check and balance” the executive branch”.balance” the executive branch”.

FEDERALISM:FEDERALISM:The Relationship between States and The Relationship between States and

WashingtonWashington

►What does the Constitution say? What does the Constitution say? ►Why is it important?Why is it important?►Know some specific powers and how those Know some specific powers and how those

powers are divided. (see p.122 of text)powers are divided. (see p.122 of text)► In what other ways does the Federal In what other ways does the Federal

government influence the states? (see government influence the states? (see p.135 of text)p.135 of text)

FEDERALISM:FEDERALISM:HistoryHistory

►Briefly know how the relationship Briefly know how the relationship between states and federal between states and federal government has changed over the government has changed over the years and why. (pp.127-133)years and why. (pp.127-133)

POWERSPOWERS

►Know some specific duties of each Know some specific duties of each branch of the government.branch of the government.

►Know the qualification to hold each Know the qualification to hold each office. office.

AMENDMENTSAMENDMENTS

►Know the amendment process: Know the amendment process: different ways amendments can be different ways amendments can be proposed and approved. (see p.144)proposed and approved. (see p.144)

►Also know how many votes it takes in Also know how many votes it takes in each scenario. (see p.144) each scenario. (see p.144)

BILL of RIGHTSBILL of RIGHTS

►What is it and why was it included in What is it and why was it included in the original Constitution? the original Constitution?

►Know about the relationship between Know about the relationship between the Bill of Rights and the States.the Bill of Rights and the States.

►Know all you can about the 14Know all you can about the 14thth amendment—it happens to be my amendment—it happens to be my favorite amendment! And also one of favorite amendment! And also one of the most important. the most important.

FIRST AMENDMENTFIRST AMENDMENT

►What five rights does the 1What five rights does the 1stst amendment protect?amendment protect?

►Be especially clear on Free Speech. Be especially clear on Free Speech. ►Why is it so important that alternative Why is it so important that alternative

and even marginal speech and ideas and even marginal speech and ideas should be heard and not oppressed by should be heard and not oppressed by the majority— no matter how the majority— no matter how uncomfortable or unpopular those ideas uncomfortable or unpopular those ideas may be? may be?

OTHER KEY AMENDMENTSOTHER KEY AMENDMENTS

►13,14,15 (Civil War amendments)13,14,15 (Civil War amendments)

►Voting Rights amendmentsVoting Rights amendments

►Rights of “criminals” amendmentsRights of “criminals” amendments

ELECTORAL COLLEGE:ELECTORAL COLLEGE:How We VoteHow We Vote

►Know how the Electoral College works Know how the Electoral College works and why it was instituted. (see and why it was instituted. (see Constitution and amendments)Constitution and amendments)

► Is the Electoral College Is the Electoral College representative? Is it fair? representative? Is it fair?

►Be familiar with other amendments Be familiar with other amendments that deal with the voting process and that deal with the voting process and presidential succession: 12, 17, 20, 22, presidential succession: 12, 17, 20, 22, 23, 25. 23, 25.

Race and the ConstitutionRace and the Constitution

►How did the Constitution treat African How did the Constitution treat African Americans after the Civil War? Americans after the Civil War?

►What political strategies have been What political strategies have been used by African Americans to gain used by African Americans to gain their rights and end discrimination?their rights and end discrimination?

Gender and the ConstitutionGender and the Constitution

►How has the Constitution treated How has the Constitution treated women? women?

►What political strategies have been What political strategies have been used by women to gain their rights used by women to gain their rights and end discriminationand end discrimination

TERMSTERMS

► enumerated powersenumerated powers► necessary and necessary and

proper clauseproper clause► supremacy clausesupremacy clause► concurrent powersconcurrent powers► nullificationnullification► dual federalismdual federalism► cooperative cooperative

federalismfederalism

► republicrepublic► judicial reviewjudicial review► segregationsegregation►Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison► block grantsblock grants► electoral collegeelectoral college► unfunded mandatesunfunded mandates► Brown v. Board of Brown v. Board of

EducationEducation

TERMSTERMS

►Great CompromiseGreat Compromise► Bill of RightsBill of Rights► separation of powersseparation of powers► habeas corpushabeas corpus► prior restraintprior restraint► Jim Crow lawsJim Crow laws► de facto and de jure de facto and de jure

discriminationdiscrimination► Black codesBlack codes

► Articles of Articles of ConfederationConfederation

► three-fifths three-fifths CompromiseCompromise

► exclusionary ruleexclusionary rule► free exercise clausefree exercise clause► literacy testsliteracy tests► Plessy v. FergusonPlessy v. Ferguson► boycottboycott

TermsTerms

► Federalist PapersFederalist Papers► Virginia PlanVirginia Plan► unfunded mandatesunfunded mandates►MillerMiller test test► libellibel► grandfather clausegrandfather clause► clear and present clear and present

danger testdanger test

►New Jersey Plan New Jersey Plan ► ex post facto lawsex post facto laws► bills of attainderbills of attainder► LemonLemon test test► seditionsedition► poll taxpoll tax► due process of lawdue process of law