Conquest and Colonies

A Spanish Empire

The Caribbean Islands was found by Columbus

Many wanted a encomienda system- A colonist was given a certain amount of land and number of Natives to work the land. In exchange they would have to teach Christianity.

Encomienda Disaster

Overwork and mistreatment took a toll on the natives. The Europeans spread Smallpox tuberculosis, measles, and other diseases.

Millions died because they lacked immunities.

The Conquest of Mexico

Hernana Cortes- led an expedition to Mexico that ended with the conquest of the Aztec Empire.

Conquistadors Moctezuma II Tenochtitlan

Why the Spanish defeat the Aztecs

Disease Malintzin Metal Weapons and heavy armor Soldiers on horses They took Moctezuma prisoner Las Casas • http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?

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The Conquest of Peru

Francisco Pizarro- Destroyed the Inca Empire

Smallpox killed many including the Emperor

A Civil War broke out after the Emperor’s Death.

Atahaualpa was the new leader Pizarro demanded that Atahualpa accept

Christianity in 1532.

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Viceroys- Officials to govern the American holdings by the Spanish.

The populations in the New World dropped from 50 million to 4 million.

Batolome de Las Casas- Wanted Africans over Natives

The Portuguese in Brazil

The Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494- drew an imaginary line through the Atlantic anything west would belong to Spain. Only Brazil remained a Portuguese territory.

Other Countries

They were brought in because of the lure of Gold and Silver

New France- Canada. No Gold, but good trade, Fox, lynx, otter, beaver, and fish.

Many French married the Native American Women.

Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec Rene-Robert La Salloe- claimed the

Mississippi region.- Louisiana.

The Dutch of New Netherlands

Bought the island of Manhattan from the Wappinger people.

They founded New Amsterdam which became NY

Very focused on developing in other countries.

English Colonies

Jamestown- 80 % died of diseases in water

Pilgrims of 1620 British-French Conflict- Ohio River Valley

Tension