Upload
peter-mk-chan
View
215
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/14/2019 Confucius on the Essentials of Government
1/7
Jer wfkt wks rgoermgm `i tfgKikcgots, wfgi Oeijuo`uswks trkvgc`in kim tgkof`in jrea stktg te stktg, seag ej tfg rucgrsweucm oeag te f`a jer kmv`og ks te few te nevgri. ]fg kiswgrs
fg nkvg fkm aerg er cgss rgvecvgm kreuim tfg jeccew`in tfgags.]fg rucgr aust j`rst rgot`jy f`asgcj kim nevgri v`rtueuscy `ikooermkiog w`tf prepr`gty kim r`nftgeusigss. @j fg gcgvktgs tfgupr`nft kim pui`sfgs tfg oreedgm, tfg stktg w`cc hgoeag stkhcg.
Hut `t `s eicy wfgi fg gir`ofgs, gmuoktgs, kim nk`is tfgoeij`mgiog ej tfg pgepcg weucm tfg stktg oeag te giley pgkog
kim prespgr`ty. ]fg `mgk ej nevgriagit jer tfg pgepcg wkskcrgkmy tfgrg jer kcc te sgg.
Oeijuo`us ei]fg Gssgit`kcs ej Nevgriagit
!i g"ogrpt jrea ]fg _`x Rktr`krofs ej Of`igsg Fuaki`sa!utfer# $gtgr %.&. Ofki
!cc r`nfts rgsgrvgm
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
]fg j`rst tf`in te ietg, sk`m Oeijuo`us, `s tfkt te nevgri `ste rgot`jy.T Kikcgots ;8Q ^fgi tfg rucgr rgot`j`gs
f`asgcj, fg oki aevg tfg pgepcg w`tfeut oeaakims.Etfgrw`sg, ieig w`cc egy gvgi `j fg ermgrs tfga te me se. T
!`m. ;?
8/14/2019 Confucius on the Essentials of Government
2/7
c`jg w cc g ouct vktgm" wfgi pgrseikc c jg `s ouct vktgm, jka cy
kjjk`rs w`cc g rgnucktgm" wfgi jka`cy kjjk`rs krg rgnucktgm, tfg stktg
w`cc g `i ermgr" kim wfgi tfg stktg `s `i ermgr, tfgrg w`cc g pgkog
tfreunfeut tfg wercm."#$$#%&%'('
(#)*+#rgkt $gkri`in]g!t< "#
]fkt `s kcse te sky, `j tfesg wfe fecm ejj`o`kc t`tcgs krg ietrgot`j`gm, `istruot`eis w`cc fkvg ie gjjgot kim tfg tks% ej
nevgri`in w`cc iet g okrr`gm te oeapcgt`ei. !j tfg us`igss ejnevgriagit `s iet okrr`gm te oeapcgt`ei, &.. pui`sfagits
w`cc a`ss tfg`r akr%. !j pui`sfagits a`ss tfg`r akr%, tfgpgepcg weucm iet %iew wfkt te me. T,-.-.
/2/2$;8?=7:>6'ikcgots;?
8/14/2019 Confucius on the Essentials of Government
3/7
pgrsei *er eig wfe `s %`in+ `s c`%g w`im, kim tfg pgepcg krg
c`%g nrkss. ]fgy gim w`tf tfg w`im. TR[@X_4@]] X W Z @h`m. ;8
8/14/2019 Confucius on the Essentials of Government
4/7
]fg seo`kc myika`os ej `t kcc -ks `t wks jurtfgr spgccgm eut`i tfg Nrgkt Cgki`in `s hks`okccy tf`s# wfgi tfg rucgr okrgskeut ecm jec%s, pgepcg w`cc g gitfus`kst`o keut j`c`kc p`gty.
^fgi tfg rucgr `s neem kt jestgr`in kmucts, pgepcg w`cc g %`imte tfg yeuin. 'im wfgi tfg rucgr `s oeapkss`eiktg te tfgerpfkigm, pgepcg krg euim me c`%gw`sg. ]f`s `s wfy k %`incy
pgrsei *er eig wfe `s %`in+ aust nkung kim agksurg f`s ewioeimuot.(
R [ k N Nrgkt Cgkri`in, Oeaagitkry ;2) ;y c`%`in wfkttfg pgepcg c`%g ks wgcc ks m`sc`%`in wfkt tfgy me iet c`%g
`swfkt `s agkit y g`in 8jktfgr kim aetfgr? te tfg pgepcg.(77V@h`m.).
Oeaagit# !s rgkmgrs oki sgg, tfg aest hks`o ej wfkt `s rgjgrrgm te
iewkmkys ks /nevgriagit jer tfg pgepcg2 wks kcrgkmy tfgrg jer kcc te sgg.
'`tf rgnkrm te tfgsg pr`io`pcgs, tfg Nrgkt Cgkri`in `s kcse aerg tfki
gkngr te gckherktg. ^fgi kcc wgkctf `s koouaucktgm *jer tfg rucgr+,
pgepcg w`cc sokttgr kwky" ut wfgi wgkctf `s m`str`utgm kaein tfg
pgepcg, tfgy w`cc nktfgr kreuim f`a. (O@h`m.
Oeaagitkry ;2)'fkt tfkt agkis `s tfkt k stktg sfeucm
oeis`mgr r`nftgeusigss, rktfgr tfki aktgr`kc gigj`ts, ks `ts rgkcprej`t. ('tMtMt@h`m.)]fgrg fks igvgr ggi k rucgr
wfe cevgs fuakigigss, kim tfg pgepcg me iet cevg r`nftgeusigss. (k
F * @h`m.) ]fgrg fks igvgr ggi k rucgr wfe
cevgs r`nftgeusigss, kim tfg kjjk`rs ej stktg krg iet okrr`gm
te oeapcgt`ei. )g tfgr fks tfgrg ggi k oksg wfgrg tfg trgksury ej suof
k stktg `s iet `i tfg pessgss`ei ej `ts rucgr. (k/k
@h`m.) @t sfeucm tfus hg sggi tfkt v`rtug `s juimkagitkc,
kim wgkctf `s `ts oeisg2ugit`kc gjjgot.(@@h`m.) 'fkttf`s agkis `s tfkt tfesg wfe oeitrec tfg`r stktgs sfeucm igvgr g
okrgcgss. !j tfgy mgv`ktg jrea tfg oerrgot pktf, tfg wfecg wercm weucm
goeag a`snu`mgm. (k ' S M ) * j @h`m.)+i tfg
etfgr fkim,`j tfgy nu`mg tfg pgepcg w`tf v`rtug, tfgy w`cc %ggp
tfg`r stktgs. ]e cesg *tfg suppert ej+ tfg pgepcg `s te cesg tfg`r stktgs. (N
@ ' '@h`m.) ]f`s `s wfy k %`incy pgrsei *er eig wfe
`s %`in+ aust rucg y wky ej oeiso`git`eusigss kim jk`tfjucigss" pr`mg
kim krrenkiog oeucm eicy cgkm f`a te cesg wfkt fg fks net.(OR[
kNW!q@h`m.)
8/14/2019 Confucius on the Essentials of Government
5/7
Hut `t `s iet te sky tfkt Oeijuo`us wks hc`im te tfg rgkcpec`t`os ej f`s mky. Jer fg kcse sk`m tfkt wfgi tfg ky *ej
fuakig kim r`nftgeus nevgriagit+ prgvk`cs `i tfg wercm, `t `stfg us`igss ej tfg _ei ej Fgkvgi *gapgrer+ te `ist`tutg rucgsej prepr`gty kim aus`o ks wgcc ks `i`t`kt`in a`c`tkry
okapk`nis. Fewgvgr, wfgi tfg ky megs iet prgvk`c `i tfgwercm, suof mgo`s`eis w`cc oeag jrea tfg jgumkc cerms. ^fgi
tfkt fkppgis, tfg ruc`in feusg weucmusukccy cesg oeitrec w`tf`i tgi ngigrkt`eis. =urtfgr, `j suof
`apertkit mgo`s`eis wgrg cgjt jer f`nf ejj`o`kcs te ak%g, tfgruc`in feusg weucm usukccy cesg pewgr `i j`vg ngigrkt`eis.
'im `j tfgsg wgrg cgjt te tfg mgo`s`ei ej cewgr ejj`o`kcs, tfgruc`in feusg weucm usukccy cesg pewgr `i tfrgg ngigrkt`eis. !isfert, `t `s eicy wfgi tfg ky prgvk`cs `i tfg wercm tfkt
ejj`o`kcs w`cc iet iggm te werry keut nevgrikiog, kim tfg
pgepcg w`cc iet fkvg te krnug kaeinst tfgasgcvgs. T)*kN
)[)*=NHH|
jj^'j)*
kNG)*kNg4Kikcgots ;:
8/14/2019 Confucius on the Essentials of Government
6/7
Oeaagit# @i tfgMeotr`ig ej tfg Agki,Oeijuo`us wks kcse rgpertgmte
fkvg sk`m tfkt `j tfg ^ky prgvk`cs `i tfg stktg, werms krg sujj`o`git testkim eut. Etfgrw`sg, `t `s neem gieunf te ak`itk`i s`cgiog. 'kN
-6'=N6/eotr`ig ej tfg :gki,'got`ei 82#!im ks `j
te fgcp akdg tfg pe`it st`od, fg kcse sk`m tfkt tf`s `s wfkt `s agkit y tfg
sky`in `i tfg ;ee% ej Emgs tfkt te pretgot eig?s pgrsei `s etf
`itgcc`ngit kim w`sg. ldmh\!`m.#Jer
wfkt f`stery fks te tgcc, `t wks pgrfkps jer tfg pepuckr`ty ej tf`s sky`in
kaein Of`igsg `itgccgotukcs tfkt rgvecut`eis `i trkm`t`eikc Of`ik wgrg
ckrngcy pgkskit)cgm, kim `i tfg ikag ej etfgr `mgecen`gs rktfgr tfki
Oeijuo`ki`sa. +r, te ceed kt tfg akttgr aerg syapktfgt`okccy, `t aky
`imggm hg w`sgr jer kcc d`incy pgrseis te prgsgrvg tfg`r gnns
ej fuakigigss kim r`nftgeusigss pgrfkps jer seag cktgr mky, tfki te
orusf tfga `aagm`ktgcy knk`ist kiy fkrm kim stup`m tyrkii`okc steig.
Jurtfgraerg, sk`m Oeijuo`us#/e iet oeepgrktg w`tf tfesg
wfe susor`g te k m`jjgrgit ^ky. TNM@h`m. ;7
8/14/2019 Confucius on the Essentials of Government
7/7
tf`s# ^fgi tfg nrgkt ^ky *ej Fuaki`ty+ prgvk`cs&. gvgry eigw`cc j`im f`s6fgr pckog `i tfg wercm. ]fg v`rtueus kim okpkcgks wgcc ks tfesg wfe krg trustwertfy kim pgkog cev`in w`cc g
kppe`itgm *te sgrvg ks ejj`o`kcs+. 's k rgsuct, ie eig weucm okrgeicy jer f`s ewi pkrgits kim of`cmrgi, ut weucm sgg% teprev`mg rgjung jer tfg kngm, gapceyagit jer tfg kcg em`gm,
suppert jer tfg erpfkigm, kim okrg jer tfg w`mewgm, m`skcgmkim s`o%. & 's ie eig weucm cker 7ust jer f`asgcj, ig`tfgr
weucm kiyeig iggm te sfut f`s meers jer jgkr ej tfgjt erregry. _uof k stktg ej kjjk`rs `s okccgm #rgkt 0i`ty.([l N)*M\0q$O4[
[k7k7rk7k7
WMOO
Heed ej Rrepr`gty, O!k"tgr 0)]f`s, `j @ aky sky se,`s kcse tfg nekc ej seo`kc`sa ks `t fks oeag te hg diewi -`.g.,jrea gkof kooerm`in te f`s kh`c`ty, te gkof kooerm`in te f`siggm.
$gtgr %.&. Ofki `s tfg kutfer ej ]fg :ystgry ej :`impuhc`sfgm ?==7,
kim_euc, #em, kim :erkc`ty -puhc`sfgm ?==:.8gogitcy, fg fks kcse
oeapgtgm kiy werd t`tcgm ]fg _`x Rktr`krofs ej Of`igsg Fuaki`sa
-oepyr`nftgm kim kvk`ckhcg `i gheeds, hut iet ygt `i pr`it.Jer mgtk`cs
rgnkrm`in tfg khevg, pcgksg v`s`t
ftt)