Conflict and Abolitionism in Europe This Lecture needs to be aligned with the formative assessment

Conflict and Abolitionism in

Europe

This Lecture needs to be aligned with the formative assessment

Conflict and Abolitionism in

Europe

Europe in Crisis

Europe in CrisisContent Vocabulary

Heretic

Armada

Sultan

One who does not conform to establish doctrine

A fleet of warships

A rapid increase in prices

Europe in Crisis• King Philip II of Spain

championed Catholic causes throughout his empire.

• England became the leader of European Protestant nations and defeated Spain during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.

Europe in Crisis

• The French Wars of Religion centered on conflict between Catholics and Protestants within France

Europe in Crisis

In the seventeenth-century Europe, population decline and the hysteria of witchcraft trials contributed to economic and political problems

Europe in Crisis

The Thirty Years’ War started over religious conflicts, but it was sustained by political conflicts and resulted in the breakdown of the Holy Roman Empire

War and Revolution in England


Content VocabularyDivine right of kings

Puritans

Cavaliers

The belief that the king gets his power from his subjectsEnglish Protestants who believed that the Church of England needed further reform and sought to simplify and regulate forms of worshipPolitical disorders; lawlessness


Content Vocabulary

Roundheads

Natural Rights

Supporters of King Charles I in the English Civil War

Rights with which all humans are born, including the rights to life, liberty, and property


Put the following events in the correct order of the English Civil War

• Cromwell Rules

• The Petition of Right is passed by Parliament

• Stuart Monarchy is restored

• Glorious Revolution

• Charles I takes the throne

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• Cromwell Rules



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• Cromwell Rules





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• Cromwell Rules



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• Thomas Hobbes vs John Locke• Thomas Hobbes said that power of

ruler was absolute, while Locke said that people create civil governments to protect their natural rights

• Locke’s ideas about representative government influenced English government, Enlightenment thought, and the English colonists in America


Charles I takes the throne• Conflict between Parliament and

the Stuarts over roles in governing England, as well as religious strife, led to the English Civil War.

• Religious struggle was also an issue during the Commonwealth, or republic, and the Restoration


Charles I• Son of James I• Signs Petition of Right (limits taxes, forbids

imprisonment without due process)• Ignores the “Petition” and disbands

Parliament for more than a decade• Scottish invade England and Irish revolts begin• Charles calls parliament into session (The

Long Parliament 1640-60)


Petition of Right Passed by Parliament• Parliament moves to limit powers of the king• Charles responds by attempting to arrest

some members of Parliament• Civil war begins between parliamentary

forces (Roundheads-Led by Cromwell) and Charles’ forces (Cavaliers-Loyal to the monarchy)• Charles is captured and executed


Oliver Cromwell• Leader of the Roundheads• Violent toward Catholics and the Irish• Encouraged Protestants to settle in

Northern Ireland• Became the absolute ruler he

originally fought against


Stuart Monarchy is restored• Charles II• Exiled Son of Charles I• Invited back as a result of dissatisfaction with

Cromwell• Stuart monarchy is Restored– Limited Monarchy

• Religious toleration (Charles II was a “closet” Catholic)• Openly acknowledged the rights of the people and

the rule of Parliament


• The Conflict and the failed republic helped lead to the Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights

• With little to no bloodshed William and Mary (Protestants) were restored to the throne

• This led to the constitutional monarchy England has today


The English Bill of Rights increased the rights of citizens, gave Parliament the right to make laws and levy taxes, and limited monarchical power.

Absolutism in Europe


Content Vocabulary

Absolutism

Czar

Boyar

A political system in which a ruler holds total power

Russian for caesar; the title used by Russian Emperors the Absolute leader of RussiaA Russian noble

Absolutism in EuropeLouis XIV’s absolute rule in France was admired and imitated throughout EuropeThe Keys to Louis’s power were his control over government policy making, his creation of a standing army, and his waging of wars

Abolitionism in EuropeFrederick William the Great Elector built strong military power to acquire holdings for a large Prussian state


• The Czars (Russian leaders of the time) were also absolute Rulers. They were still in power until 1917

• Peter the Great Westernized and Modernized Russian and increased its military power but they didn’t make changes for the poor, the rulers were out of touch this led to later revolution

European Culture After the Renaissance


Content Vocabulary

Mannerism

Baroque

An artistic movement that emerged in Italy in the 1520s and 1530s; it marked the end of the Renaissance by breaking down the principles of balance, harmony, and moderation An artistic style of the seventeenth century characterized by complex forms, bold ornamentation, and contrasting elements


• Mannerism, the artistic movement of the time, turned down the High Renaissance principals of balance, harmony, and moderation

• Baroque architecture is richly and elaborately detailed, and baroque art has an immediate and strong appeal to the senses.


• Dramatic works reached new literary heights in England and Spain between 1580 and 1640

• Prolific English writer William Shakespeare wrote dramas, comedies, and sonnets that reflected the human condition


The works of Miguel de Cervantes and Lope de Vega were central to Spain’s golden age of literature.

Documents

Conflict and Abolitionism in Europe This Lecture needs to be aligned with the formative assessment