ConfederationUnit 2: Relationship with Leadership

ConfederationThe work of the Great Coalition Confederation Conferences ORColonial InterestsPutting the Puzzle Pieces Together

Clear GritsCanada WestGeorge Brown

Conservative PartyCanada West(John A Macdonald, Alan McNab)

BleusCanada EastGeorge-Etienne Cartier

ModerateExpansion of industry and commerce

LiberalsCanada WestFrancis Hinks

ReformersParti RougeCanada EastAntoine-Aime Dorion

Galt

Confederation:The the Great Coalition

Confederation:The Work of the Great Coalition

Pressing Issue:Unstable governments… deadlock… lack of

progressGenerally Accepted Solution:

UnionPressing Questions:

Is accommodation of distinctive cultures possible?

What form of government would best serve the colonies?

Will union provide security?

Confederation:The Work of the Great Coalition

1. Compromise

2. Auxiliary Kingdom

Confederation:The Work of the Great Coalition

1. Compromise Dogmatic vs. Pragmatic Leadership Formative Events

Confederation:The Work of the Great Coalition

2. Auxiliary KingdomLife Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness vs.

Peace, Order and Good Government

Section 91Peace, order and good government…

IN CONGRESS, JULY 4, 1776The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of AmericaWhen in the Course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

Confederation Conferences or Colonial Interests

Putting the Pieces Together

Holding the Pieces Together

1. Responsible Government

2. British North America Act- section 91 and section 92

3. Peace Order and Good Government

4. Auxiliary Kingdom

5. Country from Sea to Sea

British North America (BNA) Act

1. Biographical details2. Division of powers

(federal and provincial responsibilities)

3. Three branches (executive, legislative, judicial)

4. Constitutional Monarchy

BNA Act- biographical notesConstitution Act, 1867A result of the Charlottetown

ConferenceEstablished Canada with four

provincesEstablished: federal structure,

House of Commons, Senate, justice system, tax system… essentially, a country.

Exceptions to independence: full legislative control, foreign affairs.

Patriated in 1982.

BNA Act- division of powers

BNA Act- three branches

BNA Act- constitutional monarchy

BNA Act- constitutional monarchy

BNA Act- Patriation• Ottawa July 1, 1982• Became “Constitution Act”• Inclusion of Charter of Rights

and Freedoms• Independence over foreign

policy had been achieved in steps with WWI, 1920s under PM William Lyon Mackenzie King

• Independence over judiciary had mostly been achieved with Statute of Westminster in 1931

• Established amending formula (7/10 & 50%)

• One province has not signed…guess who?

British North America (BNA) Act

1. Biographical details2. Division of powers

(federal and provincial responsibilities)

3. Three branches (executive, legislative, judicial)

4. Constitutional Monarchy

Constitution Act- evolving