64
1 BASIC COMPUTER CONCEPTS Updated 8/27/04

Concepts

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

basics of computer

Citation preview

1BASIC COMPUTER CONCEPTSUpdated 8/27/042Hardware vs. SoftwareHardwareThe c!p"ter e#"$p!e%tI%c&"de' pr$%ter'( !%$tr'( d$') dr$*e'( etc+S,twarePr-ra!' wh$ch te&& the c!p"ter what t dE.a!p&e' / wrd prce''$%-( -rade0)( t"tr$a&'( -a!e'( etc+34History of ComputersChar&e' Ba00a-e / ,ather , c!p"ter18002' p&a%%ed a%a&3t$ca& e%-$%eENIAC / de*e&ped at e%d , 44 II1561 / 1578 1't a%d 2%d -e%erat$%*er3 &ar-e( "'ed "%re&$a0&e *ac""! t"0e'1578 / pre'e%t / 8rd a%d 4th -e%erat$%'!a&&er( ,a'ter / "'e tra%'$'tr' a%d $%te-rated c$rc"$t'5History - MicrocomputersApp&e9$r't '&d $% &ate 15702' :e*e&ped 03 ;0' a%d 4Mach$%e' '!arter tha% the$r creatr'7Types of Computers Personal Computers (PC)A&' ca&&ed M$crc!p"ter'A*a$&a0&e $% de')tp '$ r 16> % 0ar-a$% '3'te!'17> ha' 0ec!e the 'ta%dard15 a%d 21> a*a$&a0&e 0"t are !re e.pe%'$*e+20Monitors - 'C!A$#"$d Cr3'ta& :$'p&a3S$!$&ar t d$-$ta& watchU'ed ,r %te0) c!p"ter'Sh"&d 0e a% Act$*e Matr$. Scree%A&' "'ed $% ,&at 'cree% !%$tr'M"ch th$%%er tha% re-"&ar CRT !%$trMre e.pe%'$*e tha% re-"&ar CRT !%$tr21Monitors - (ideo CardPrce''e' $%, t 'e%d t !%$tr A!"%t , *$de !e!r3 !a3 'peed "p -raph$c $%te%'$*e pr-ra!'82 !e-' D-e%era& p"rp'e128 r !re !e-' D -raph$c $%te%'$*e "'eA@P prt ca% 'peed "p -raph$c'8: acce&eratr card $!pr*e' -raph$c'22Monitor - )uyin* Hints17> r &ar-er+28 dt p$tch r 0etter82 r !re !e-' , !e!r3 % *$de card23PrintersAa'erI%) ;et :t Matr$.24Printers - 'aser4r)' '$!$&ar t a cp3 !ach$%eC&r pr$%ter' a*a$&a0&e 0"t !re e.pe%'$*e9a't( #"$te( w$th e.ce&&e%t #"a&$t3Mre e.pe%'$*e t 0"3 a%d perateS!e "%$t' 'ca%( phtcp3( a%d pr$%t25Printers - In+ ,etS#"$rt' '!a&& Eet , $%) %t paper t ,r! character'Rep&aced dt !atr$. F"$et:e' -d E0 % c&r@d #"a&$t3 a%d re&$a0$&$t326Printers - !ot Matri-Str$)e' p$%' a-a$%'t r$00% t pr$%tC!e' $% 5 a%d 24 p$%O%ce *er3 pp"&arNw rep&aced 03 $%) Eet a%d &a'er27Printers - SpeedMea'"red $% pa-e' per !$%"te BPPMCAa'er pr$%ter' ra%-e ,r! 20/46 pp! C&r pr$%t$%- $' '&wer28Printers - .uality of PrintO%e !ea'"re $' dt' per $%ch B:PIC800 dp$ ,r -e%era& p"rp'e "'e'700 dp$ ,r h$-her #"a&$t31200 dp$ ,r pht #"a&$t3Ma3 ha*e d$,,ere%t *ert$ca& a%d hr$ , the c!p"terPer,r!' a&& c!p"ter perat$%'33CP/ - I)M CMP0TI)'1SMa%3 !ade 03 c!pa%3 ca&&ed I%te&A&' !ade 03 AM:34Pentium class processorsNeeded t r"% !'t c"rre%t ',twareI%te& D Ce&er% r Pe%t$"! I?AM: 35CP/ - Cloc+ SpeedN"!0er , =c3c&e'> per 'ec%d c!p"ter ca% perateMea'"red $% !e-ahert< BMHH: / H$-h de%'$t3 / c!e' % a&& c"rre%t '3'te!'8 1/2> / 1+44 !e-'42Hard !rivesB"$&t $%t !ach$%eMade "p , 'tac) , p&atter'Ca% 'tre !"ch !re tha% ,&pp3 dr$*e'40 -$-a03te' 'h"&d 0e !$%$!"!Ca% acce'' $%, !"ch ,a'ter tha% ,&pp3 dr$*e43C! %MSa!e a' !"'$c C:'Are read %&3Ca% 'tre *er 760 !e-' A&& pr-ra!' %w %&3 '&d % C: Ma)e !"&t$!ed$a p''$0&eC!e $% d$,,ere%t 'peed' / 20.( / 60.44!(!-%M:$-$ta& ?$de :$')Ca% 'tre "p t 17 @BCa% 'tre ,"&&/&e%-th !*$e'Ca% a&' read C:/ROM d$')45C!-%3 4 !(!-%3 !%I(1SA&&w' 3" t wr$te t d$')U'e,"& ,r :ata 0ac)"pStra-e , &ar-e ,$&e'Recrd$%- !"'$c a%d ther !"&t$!ed$a ,$&e':?:/R4A&&w' 3" t wr$te t 0th C: a%d :?: d$')St$&& '!ewhat e.pe%'$*e46Stora*e !evices - t$erUSB dr$*e?er3 pp"&ar D 74/612 MBTape dr$*eS$!$&ar t ca''ette tapeU'ed ,r 0ac)"pI$p dr$*e100 MB t 2 @B capac$t3E*er3da3 "'e a%d 0ac)"p 47!rives - )uyin* 0dvice40 -$-a03te hard dr$*eO%e 8 1/2> h$-h de%'$t3 ,&pp3 dr$*eC:/R4 dr$*e:?: %t 3et e''e%t$a& 0"t "'e,"&481-pansion SlotsA&&w' 3" t add capa0$&$t$e' E.a!p&e , card' 3" ca% addNetwr) card Mde!49PortsC%%ect' c!p"ter t a%ther de*$cePara&&e& prt U'ed pr$!ar$&3 03 pr$%ter'Ser$a& prt' Mde!( !"'e( etc+SCSI / cha$% de*$ce' USB D!a3 0e %eeded ,r :$-$ta& Ca!era' Mp8 p&a3er' Other de*$ce'505etwor+sC%%ect' c!p"ter'AAN /Aca& Area4AN / 4$de Area4$re&e''A&&w' 'har$%- , pr-ra!'( ,$&e'( pr$%ter'( etc+Ser*er $' =!a$%> c!p"ter51Modems - 6eneralA&&w' 2 c!p"ter' t c!!"%$cate *er ph%e &$%e'Ca% 0e $%ter%a& r e.ter%a&Ca% a&' ha*e ,a. capa0$&$t$e'52Modems B$t' per 'ec%dB0p'C $%d$cate' 'peedO&d !de!' / 5(700( 14(400( 28(800( 88(70067(000 B67HC ha' 0ec!$%- 'ta%dard4a3' , c%%ect$%- t the I%ter%et:$a&/"p !de! D "'ed $% !'t h!e'Ca0&e !de! D "'e' T? ca0&e &$%e':SA D !d$,$ed ph%e &$%eT1 &$%e D "'ed 03 'ch&'( 0"'$%e''e'( etc+53)uyin* Hints Summary - Min Hardware %e7uirements2 @H< Pe%t$"! I? C&a'' Prce''r267 !e-a03te' , RAM17>( +28 dt p$tch !%$tr w$th 82 !e- card40 -$-a03te hard dr$*eC:/R467) !de!I%) Eet r &a'er pr$%ter 54)uyin* Hints - Software )undlesMa%3 '3'te!' c!e w$th ',tware $%c&"dedPrd"ct$*$t3M$cr',t 4r)'M$cr',t O,,$ce( At"' S!artS"$te( etcF"$c)e%( M%e3( r ther ,$%a%c$a& ',twareRe,ere%ceM$cr',t E%carta r C!pt%2' e%c3c&ped$a@a!e'55)uyin* Hints - Service and 3arrantyT&&/,ree 24 hr 7 da3 '"pprt B800 JC1 3ear warra%t3 % part' a%d &a0rOpt$%a& e.te%ded warra%t380 da3 ret"r% p&$c3 56)uyin* Hints - 3e# SitesO%/&$%e c!p"ter 'tre'C/Net Hardware D re*$ew' a%d pr$ce' ,r! !a%3 *e%dr':e&& / httpK//www+de&&+c!/@atewa3 / httpK//www+-atewa3+c!/5758Pro*ramsSet , $%'tr"ct$%' t the c!p"terPr-ra!!$%- &a%-"a-e'Mach$%e &a%-"a-eA''e!0&3 &a%-"a-ePrced"ra& &a%-"a-e'DBa'$c( 9rtra%( C0&O0Eect r$e%ted &a%-"a-e'D?$'"a& Ba'$c( CLL( CJ( ;a*a59Systems SoftwareR"% ,"%da!e%ta& perat$%'Aad$%- a%d r"%%$%- pr-ra!'Sa*$%- a%d retr$e*$%- dataC!!"%$cat$%- w$th pr$%ter'( !de!'( etc+E.a!p&e' , '3'te!' ',tware:OS4$%dw' 8+1( 56( 58( Me( 2000( a%d MPU%$.A$%".600pplications SoftwareHe&p' 3" t acc!p&$'h a certa$% ta')E.a!p&e'4rd prce''$%- / !e!'( reprt'( etc+Spread'heet' / 0"d-et'( etc+:ata0a'e / 'earch( 'rt( 'e&ect dataEd"cat$%a& / '$!"&at$%'(pract$ce@raph$c' / chart'( d$a-ra!':e')tp p"0&$'h$%- / pa!ph&et'( etc+61Software - 'e*al IssuesC!!erc$a& ',twareCa% %&3 !a)e 0ac)"p cp$e' ,r 3"r'e&,Ca% %&3 "'e % %e !ach$%e at a t$!eD S$te &$ce%'e / "'e % !re that %e !ach$%eSharewareCa% "'e/ !a)e cp$e' a%d -$*e t a%3%eSh"&d pa3 $, 3" c%t$%"e t "'e9reeware D ca% cp3 a%d "'e $%de,$%$te&3 62Software (irusesI&&e-a& cde added t a pr-ra!Ma3 'pread t !a%3 c!p"ter' Cp3 ,$&e' ,r! %e c!p"ter t a%ther :w%&ad ,$&e' 03 !de! E/!a$& attach!e%t'?$r"' !a3 0e re&at$*e&3 har!&e'' 4r$te' =N"2*e 0ee% 't%ed> % 'cree%?$r"' !a3 a&' 0e *er3 da!a-$%- Era'e' e*er3th$%- % hard dr$*e?$r"' !a3 act$*ate % a certa$% date63(irus ProtectionBe care,"& where 3" cp3 ,$&e' ,r!: %t pe% e/!a$& attach!e%t' "%&e'' 3" are '"re that $t $' 'a,eU'e *$r"' prtect$% pr-ra!:etect' a%d re!*e' $&&e-a& cdeSh"&d 0e "pdated ,te%)0SIC CMP/T1% C5C1PTSE%d , S&$de Shw