Comunication Barriers

7/30/2019 Comunication Barriers

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Barriers to

Communication


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Barriers to Communication

Communication is the process

of transfer of ideas and

expressions from one person to

another. It is the way of self

expression


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Certain barriers in

communication affect the clarity,

accuracy and effectiveness of

the message.


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Barriers to Communication

1.Semantic barriers.

2.Organizational barriers.

3.Interpersonal barriers

4.Individual barriers

5.Cross cultural barriers

6.Physical barriers/channel and media barriers

7.Technological barriers


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Semantic Barriers

Semantics is the science of meaning.

Different people assign different

meanings to one specific message.

This is due to the problems withmeanings, significance and the

sending and reception of the

meaning and content of the

message.


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Semantic Barriers

Various types of semantic gaps found inday-to-day use.

a) Words having similar pronunciation

but multiple meaningb) b) Badly expressed message-Lack of

clarity and precision create a badlyexpressed message.

c) Wrong interpretation- Whenever oneinterprets a symbol, ones ownunderstanding may be different fromthat of others.


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Semantic Barriers

D) Unqualified assumptions -

Sometimes the sender may send

information which is not clarified to thereceiver, as he does not understand the

assumptions clearly.

E) Technical language- When technical

language is used in the communicationprocess, it creates barriers in

understanding the message in the same

sense and spirit.


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Organisational Barriers.

This type of barrier develops due

to the problems with physical

distance between members with

respect to their functionalspecialization of tasks, power,

authority and status relationship,

values held and ownership ofinformation.


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Organization culture and climate-

The climate and culture of an

organization ultimately influences the

freedom , trust and interactionpattern among its people.

Organizational rules and regulations:

While some may be so rigid that they

influence the flow of information in awrong direction.


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Status relationships: The status , powerand position act as a hurdle in theeffectiveness of communications.Individuals may not be able to say whatthey wish to say because of their fear

for the position and power of the otherparty in the communication process.

Complexity in Organizational structure:The complex hierarchical structure of

the organization will not allow a freeflow of information.


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Inadequate facilities and

opportunity ; The organization

may not have adequate

communication facilities,equipment and mechanisms .


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Lack of co-operation between

superior and subordinate :

There may not be proper co-

operation between the superiorand subordinate for various

personal or organizational

reasons, which may lead toimproper communication.


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Interpersonal Barriers

Effectiveness of communicationdepends a lot upon the interpersonalrelationship between two people.

Barriers emanating from superiors:

Time shortage - The superior may notdevote enough time for his employees dueto their busy schedule or otherpreoccupations. As a result ,a gap iscreated between the superior andsubordinates.

Lack of trust -Some times, the supervisorsmay not trust their subordinates because ofa variety of reasons, which can act as ahurdle in the free flow of communication.


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Lack of consideration for employeesneeds : The employer may notdevote enough time for hisemployees .

Wish to capture authorityThesuperior may hide confidential andimportant information from anemployee in view of capturing andretaining his own authority. Thiscould act as a barrier tocommunication between the two.


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Interpersonal Barriers(

Superior- subordinate)

Fear of losing power of control: Thesupervisor may have a fear of losingpower of control, if he freelyexpresses his ideas and view withhis subordinates.

Bypassing: Bypassing also affectscommunication and acts as a barrier.Due to by passing inner feelings ofemployees are not freely expressed,creating bottlenecks, into freeexchange of information.


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Information overload: Due to

extra information provided to

employees, they may miss

certain important information,which can act as a barrier in

communication.


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Barriers emanating fromsubordinates

a) Lack of proper ChannelSubordinates will not feel free tocommunicate because of pressureof position ,power and authority.

b) No interest to communicate- Theremay not be any interest on the part

of subordinates to have a dialogue,discussion and interaction with thesuperiors, which affects thecommunication process adversely.


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C) Lack of co-operation - Lack of co-

operation and mutual understanding

also leads to hiding of certain

information between the superiorand subordinates in the organization.

D) Lack of trust : There may be a

lack of trust and co-ordination

between the superior andsubordinate , which may lead to in

effective communication.


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E) Poor relationship between

superior and subordinate :A goodrelationship must develop between

superiors and subordinates frequently andfreely. They must interact to improve the

upward and downward communication

system.


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F) Fear of penalty- If a

subordinate feels that because

of free expression and upward

communication, he will facesome type of penalty, there is a

possibility that he may not

convey the complete messageto the superior.


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Individual or Psycho-

sociological Barriers

Individual or psycho-sociological

barriers are the major

bottlenecks in interpersonal

communication.


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1)Style- Style, the manner in which aperson communicates . A few barriersrelated to style are as follows:

Linguistic accent in oral exchanges arestylistic in nature. They often affectpeople.


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The form of expression (idiom)

colours a transaction.

Types of humour also play a

part in style.


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The choice of brevity as opposed to

full detail in a presentation is also

another elements of style.

The qualities of credibility andcharisma override many other

aspects of style. Both the presence

and the absence of these qualities

can affect the flow of communication


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2)Selective PerceptionThe receiver maymake a world of his own around himself.He projects his interest and expectationsas he decodes messages.

3) Halo effect: People do not listen

carefully because of impressions based onearlier encounters. Even one of the partieshaving a halo effect will disrupt the flow ofcommunication.

4)Status relationship: There may be a

status and power relationship , which mayhinder the communication process andaffect the effectiveness of communication.Senior officers tend to indulge inmonologues.


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6)Poor attention and retention

7)Inattention:

8)Undue importance of written

words: Written communication

often tells what is to be done but

not why it should be done.


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8)Defensiveness: If one feels

threatened by a message , one

becomes defensive and responds in

such ways that reducesunderstanding .

9) Closed mind : Limited intellectual

background, limited reading and

narrow interests can cause apersons mind to be narrow. This

limits the ability to take new ideas


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10)State of health : Physical

condition can affect the

efficiency in all communication

skills.

11)Filtering : Filtering is the

process of reducing details or

aspects of a message.


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Cross Cultural/Geographic

Barriers

Culture is a shared set of

values and attributes of a group.

The communication barriers are

also seen because of differencein language geographic

locations, national character,

time and so on.


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Physical Barriers / Channel

and Media Barriers

a. Noise.

b.

Distance

c. Time

d. Information overload.


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Technological barriers.

They are barriers which arise

due to technological

advancements in the field of

communication .Technologygenerates lot of information,

which is beyond the capacity of

the recipient.


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A Classic Case of

Miscommunication

In Center Harbor, Maine, local legend

recalls the day when Walter Cronkite

steered his boat into port. The avid

sailor was amused to see in the

distance a small crowd on shore wavingtheir arms to greet him. He could barely

make out their excited shouts: Hello

Walter, Hello Walter!


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A Classic Case of

Miscommunication

As his boat came closer, the crowd grew

larger, still yelling. Pleased at the

reception, Cronkite tipped his white

captain's hat, waved back, even took a

bow. But before reaching dockside,Cronkite's boat abruptly jammed

aground. The crowd stood silent. The

veteran news anchor suddenly realized

what they'd been shouting: Low water,low water!


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MISCOMMUNICATION INPRODUCT EVOLVEMENT


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As Marketing Requested It


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As Sales Ordered It


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As Engineering Designed It


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As Production

Manufactured It


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As Maintenance Installed It


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What the Customer Wanted


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Message DistortionDownward Communication

Through Five Levels of Management

Message Amount of message

written by board of directors 100%


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received by vice-president 63%


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received by general supervisor 56%


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received by plant manager 40%


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received by team leader 30%


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received by team leader 30%received by worker 20%


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Measures to Overcome

Barriers in Communication

1) Fostering good relationships

2)Purposeful and well focused

communication

3) Co-ordination between

superior and subordinates

4)Avoid technical language

5)Accuracy

6)Clarity


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Measures to Overcome

Barriers in Communication

7)Division of labour

8)Minimise semantic problem

9)Proper Communication

Channels.

10)Right feedback


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END

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Comunication Barriers