Computer SoftwareComputer Software

Unit CUnit C

ObjectivesObjectives

Introduce Computer SoftwareIntroduce Computer SoftwareExplain How Computers Interpret Explain How Computers Interpret SoftwareSoftwareExplore Operating SystemsExplore Operating SystemsCompare Operating SystemsCompare Operating SystemsDefine Document Production Define Document Production SoftwareSoftwareDefine Spreadsheet SoftwareDefine Spreadsheet Software

ObjectivesObjectives

Define Data Management SoftwareDefine Data Management Software

Define Graphics SoftwareDefine Graphics Software

Define Business and Science Define Business and Science SoftwareSoftware

Define Entertainment and Define Entertainment and Education SoftwareEducation Software

Understand Licenses and Understand Licenses and CopyrightsCopyrights

Software CategoriesSoftware Categories

System SoftwareSystem Software

Application SoftwareApplication Software

System SoftwareSystem Software

Operating Operating SystemsSystems

Device Device DriversDrivers UtilitiesUtilities ProgrammingProgramming

LanguagesLanguages

DOSDOS

WindowsWindows

LinuxLinux

UNIXUNIX

Mac OSMac OS

Application SoftwareApplication Software

DocumentDocumentProductionProduction

SpreadsheetSpreadsheetSoftwareSoftware

AccountingAccounting& Finance& Finance

MathematicalMathematicalModelingModeling

StatisticalStatistical

EntertainmentEntertainment

DataDataManagementManagement

GraphicsGraphics

MusicMusic

VideoVideo EducationalEducational

ReferenceReference

Software TopicsSoftware Topics

Computer programComputer program– main executable program (.exe)main executable program (.exe)

Support module Support module – called by the program (.dll)called by the program (.dll)

Data module Data module – Example: a dictionary file or a file that is Example: a dictionary file or a file that is

not supplied by the usernot supplied by the user

How Computers Interpret How Computers Interpret SoftwareSoftware

Computer languagesComputer languages– Source codeSource code– High-level languages: COBOL, C++, JavaHigh-level languages: COBOL, C++, Java

Machine languageMachine languageCompilerCompiler– Creates object code in single batchCreates object code in single batch

InterpreterInterpreter– Converts one instruction at a timeConverts one instruction at a time– Common with web-based scripts (part of web Common with web-based scripts (part of web

page)page)

Operating SystemsOperating Systems

Interacts with application software, Interacts with application software, device drivers & hardware to manage device drivers & hardware to manage computers resourcescomputers resources

MultitaskingMultitasking

CTRL-ALT-DEL CTRL-ALT-DEL

GUI GUI – graphical user interfacegraphical user interface

UtilitiesUtilities

Operating System CategoriesOperating System Categories

Single user:Single user: PCs and handhelds PCs and handhelds

Multi-user:Multi-user: mainframes or mainframes or centralized computer processingcentralized computer processing

Network/Server:Network/Server: serves as router to serves as router to local computer processinglocal computer processing

Desktop:Desktop: desktop or notebook PC; desktop or notebook PC; single-user, but could handle single-user, but could handle networkingnetworking

Operating SystemsOperating Systems

Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows – 80% of PCs80% of PCs

Mac OSMac OS

UNIX UNIX – dependable in multi-user dependable in multi-user

environmentenvironment

Linux Linux – free; good for web serversfree; good for web servers

DOSDOS

Document Production SoftwareDocument Production Software

Use to compose, edit, Use to compose, edit, design, print or design, print or electronically publish electronically publish documentsdocumentsTypesTypes– Word processing (Word)Word processing (Word)– Desktop publishing Desktop publishing

(PageMaker)(PageMaker)– Web authoring (Front Page)Web authoring (Front Page)

Document Production ElementsDocument Production Elements

FormattingFormatting

Page LayoutPage Layout

Headers/FootersHeaders/Footers

ClipartClipart

TablesTables

FramesFrames

Spell checkSpell check

Word wrapWord wrap

MarginsMargins

StylesStyles

Spreadsheet SoftwareSpreadsheet Software

Use for numerical calculations and Use for numerical calculations and graphsgraphs

Rows and columns Rows and columns

Worksheet, cell, cell referencesWorksheet, cell, cell references

Cells can containCells can contain– ValuesValues– LabelsLabels– FunctionsFunctions– FormulasFormulas

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

Spreadsheet SoftwareSpreadsheet Software

Formulas vs. functionsFormulas vs. functions

Relative vs. absolute cell Relative vs. absolute cell referencingreferencing

Automatic recalculationAutomatic recalculation

TemplatesTemplates

What-if analysisWhat-if analysis

Data Management SoftwareData Management Software

Use to store, find, organize, Use to store, find, organize, update and report informationupdate and report information

File management softwareFile management software– Structured or flat file Structured or flat file – A record contains multiple fieldsA record contains multiple fields

Data Management SoftwareData Management Software

Database Management Software Database Management Software (DBMS)(DBMS)– Database (collection of related files)Database (collection of related files)– Relational (tables with records & fields)Relational (tables with records & fields)– Object-oriented (records manipulated using Object-oriented (records manipulated using

methods)methods)

File structureFile structure– Fields and data typesFields and data types

SQL (Structured Query Language)SQL (Structured Query Language)– Natural query languageNatural query language– Query by example (QBE)Query by example (QBE)

Graphics SoftwareGraphics Software

Use to create, display, modify, Use to create, display, modify, manipulate and print graphicsmanipulate and print graphicsPaint software:Paint software: realistic art and realistic art and photosphotosPhoto Editing software:Photo Editing software: simplifies simplifies common editing taskscommon editing tasksDrawing software:Drawing software: uses vector uses vector figures & shapes to create “cartoon-figures & shapes to create “cartoon-like” images.like” images.

Graphics SoftwareGraphics Software

3-D Graphics software:3-D Graphics software: create wireframes and then create wireframes and then cover with a texturecover with a textureCAD (computer-aided CAD (computer-aided design):design): 3-D software 3-D software designed for architects and designed for architects and engineersengineersPresentation software:Presentation software: creates electronic slides like creates electronic slides like thesethese

Business SoftwareBusiness Software

Accounting & FinanceAccounting & Finance– Personal financePersonal finance– Tax preparationTax preparation– Small business accountingSmall business accounting

Vertical MarketVertical Market– Hospitals, construction, schoolsHospitals, construction, schools

Horizontal MarketHorizontal Market– Generic like payrollGeneric like payroll– Project managementProject management

GroupwareGroupware– Help collaboration on group projectsHelp collaboration on group projects

Science SoftwareScience Software

Statistical/graphing softwareStatistical/graphing software

Mathematical modeling softwareMathematical modeling software– Math CADMath CAD

Entertainment SoftwareEntertainment Software

Audio editing (sound recorder)Audio editing (sound recorder)

GamesGames

MP3 playerMP3 player

Video editing (Adobe Premiere)Video editing (Adobe Premiere)

MusicMusic•Ear trainingEar training

•NotationNotation•Computer-aided musicComputer-aided music

•MIDI sequencingMIDI sequencing

Educational SoftwareEducational Software

Learn and practice new skillsLearn and practice new skills– ArithmeticArithmetic– ReadingReading– LanguagesLanguages– TypingTyping– SATSAT

Reference software (CD-ROMs)Reference software (CD-ROMs)

License vs. CopyrightLicense vs. Copyright

Software License:Software License: a legal contract that a legal contract that defines the ways in which you may use defines the ways in which you may use a computer program.a computer program.Copyright:Copyright: a form of legal protection that a form of legal protection that grants the author of an original work an grants the author of an original work an exclusive right to copy, distribute, sell exclusive right to copy, distribute, sell and modify that work.and modify that work.Software piracySoftware piracyFor contract to take effect:For contract to take effect:– Open a shrink-wrap license productOpen a shrink-wrap license product– Agree to an installation agreementAgree to an installation agreement

Types of Copyright ProtectionsTypes of Copyright Protections

Shareware:Shareware: try before you try before you buy on the honor systembuy on the honor systemFreeware:Freeware: no fee - can use, no fee - can use, but not alter or sellbut not alter or sellOpen Source:Open Source: uncompiled uncompiled source code that can be source code that can be changed - sold or freechanged - sold or freePublic Domain:Public Domain: can be can be copied, altered and resoldcopied, altered and resold

Tech Talk: Installing SoftwareTech Talk: Installing Software

System requirementsSystem requirements– Operating system and minimum hardware Operating system and minimum hardware

capacitiescapacities

Steps (setup.exe)Steps (setup.exe)– Copy files to hard driveCopy files to hard drive– Uncompress if necessary (Win Zip)Uncompress if necessary (Win Zip)– Verify system requirements metVerify system requirements met– Select appropriate device driversSelect appropriate device drivers– Necessary system files/players (Media Player)Necessary system files/players (Media Player)– Update registry and program menu Update registry and program menu

Uninstall routine or Windows Uninstall routine or Windows Add/Remove programsAdd/Remove programs

IssueIssue

Is Privacy Is Privacy a Problem?a Problem?

Computer SoftwareComputer Software

EndEnd