Complex Sentence

Complex SentencePRACTICE CLASS #11 (#12)

2012-05-29/30

PAGE 168 – exercise 5

FIRST, AN EXCERSISES TO PRACTICE TYPES OF CLAUSES!

PAGE 168 – exercise 5 (a-e)

S – NOMINAL CLAUSE (fin)

Complement of NP – RELATIVE CLAUSE (restrictive) (fin)

Od – NOMINAL CLAUSE (fin)

Cs – NOMINAL CL. (fin)

Od – NOMINAL CL. (non-fin.)

Od – NOMINAL CL. (non-fin)Od – NOMINAL CL. (non-fin)

PAGE 168 – exercise 5 (f-j)(A) – adjunct (non-fin.)

Od – NOMINAL CL. (fin) Complement of PP – NOMINAL CL. (fin)

Oi – NOMINAL CL. (fin)Complement of NP – RELATIVE CL. (restrictive) (fin)

Complement of PP – NOMINAL CL. (fin)

Complement of NP – RELATIVE CL. (restrictive) (fin)

Od – NOMINAL CL. (non-fin.)

Complement of NP - NOMINAL CL. (non-fin)

PAGE 168 – exercise 5 (k-o)

Complement of PP – NOMINAL CL. (fin)

(A) – disjunct (fin)

Od – NOMINAL CL. (non-fin)

S/Cs – NOMINAL (fin)

Od – NOMINAL (fin)

PAGE 168 – exercise 5 (p-u)

Complement of AP – NOMINAL CL. (fin)

Od (coordinated) – NOMINAL (fin) Od (coordinated, verbless)



Od – NOMINAL (non-fin)

(A) – adjunct (fin)

PAGE 168 – exercise 5 (v-z)



(A) – adjunct (non-fin)

(A) – adjunct (non-fin)

Complement of AdvP – COMPARATIVE CL. (fin)

MORE COMPLEX SENTENCES

PAGE 168/9 – exercise 6 (a-d)

COMPARATIVE CLAUSE, Comp. of AP (finite) RELATIVE

CLAUSE (restrictive)Comp. of NP (finite)

RELATIVE CLAUSE (restrictive)Comp. of NP (finite)

RELATIVE (non-restrictive) Comp. of NP (finite)

PAGE 169 – exercise 6 (e-h)RELATIVE CL (restrictive)Comp. of NP (finite)

COMPARATIVE CLAUSEComp. of NP/AP (finite)

NOMINAL WH CLAUSEComp. of PP (finite)

NOMINAL CLAUSEComp. of AP (non-finite)

PAGE 169 – exercise 6 (i-k)APPOSITIVE modification (Nominal THAT) of NP (finite)

ELIDED COMPARATIVE CLAUSE complement of AdvP (finite)

COMPARATIVE CLAUSE modification of AP (finite)



AN EXERCISE TO TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE ON LINKERS

PAGE 169 – exercise 8 (a-c)

You should retire before you are too old.

He gave an order that John be transformed into managing director. ORHe gave an order that John should be transformed into …

It is possible that some people may/might blame you.

PAGE 169 – exercise 8 (d-f)

She said that he/she must have been waiting since that morning.

If you are skeptical, you cannot learn.

If I had not examined the photograph myself, I would have thought it was a fake.

PAGE 169 – exercise 8 (g-i)

Although I really disliked the questionnaire, I liked the interview.

As they do not exercise, some people become really unfit.

Some runners train so hard that they have great pain.

WORKBOOK: PAGE 155 (TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES)

NOW, A LITTLE BIT OF THEORY…


THEY BOOKED THE TICKETS IN ADVANCE SO THAT THEY WOULDN’T MISS THE PLAY.

AS HE ALSO SPOKE WITH A STRONG ACCENT, I DIDN’T UNDERSTAND ALL HE SAID.

WE ARE GOING TO THE COAST IN ORDER TO TAKE SOME PHOTOS OF SEA BIRDS.

HAVING REALIZED I’D BE LATE FOR AN APPOINTMENT, I PHONED MY SECRETARY.

adverbial clause of purpose

adverbial clause of cause


adverbial clause of time OR cause


HE IS A VERY KEEN FISHERMAN, SO HE SPENDS A LOT OF TIME BY THE RIVER.

IF WE LEAVE EARLY, WE WON’T HAVE TO HURRY.

I WON’T SHUT THE DOOR SO THAT THE CAT MAY COME IN.

GIVE ME A NAIL IN ORDER TO HANG THIS PICTURE UP / IN ORDER FOR ME TO BE ABLE TO HANG THIS PICTURE UP.

I AM GOING TO PUT THIS NOTE HERE IN ORDER FOR EVERYONE TO BE ABLE TO SEE IT.

adverbial clause of result

adverbial clause of condition





BACAUSE THERE WAS A LOT OF RAIN LAST NIGHT, MANY OF THE ROADS ARE FLOODED.

JANE LENT HER SISTER A SKIRT (FOR HER) TO WEAR IT AT THE PARTY.

YOU SHOULD HAVE A CHECK-UP, IN CASE YOU HAVE A HEART CONDITION.

adverbial clause of cause


adverbial clause of condition


AFTER PAYING/HAVING PAID AT THE CASH DESK, I LEFT THE SUPERMARKET.

(WHILE/AS HE WAS) GETTING INTO BED …, HARRY HEARD A STRANGE NOISE.

HAVING GOT TO THE AIRPORT, HE IMMEDIATELY DASHED…THE MOMENT HE… / AS SOON AS HE… / NO SOONER… THAN….


HAVING HEARD HIM SCREAMING AT THE OTHER END OF THE HALL, THEY THOUGHT…

ONCE PUBLISHED, THE BOOK WILL SELL LIKE HOTCAKES.

LYING ON THE BED, JILL WAS CRYING.

(AS HE WAS) GETTING OFF THE BUS, THE MAN SLIPPED.


HAVING FINISHED ALL HER SHOPPING, SHE WENT FOR …

NOT KNOWING HIS ADDRESS, I COULDN’T CONTACT HIM. BECAUSE I… DIDN’T…, I …

HAVING TRAVELLED A LOT, SHE KNOWS A LOT ABOUT OTHER COUNTRIES.

TRAVELLING A LOT, SHE KNOWS…


I’LL GIVE HIM YOUR MESSAGE AS SOON AS HE CALLS. -CLAUSE OF TIME-

LET’S GO BEFORE IT STARTS RAINING. -CLAUSE OF TIME-

WHEN YOU’RE IN PARIS NEXT MONTH, COME AND SEE ME. -CLAUSE OF TIME-


AS SOON AS WE MAKE/HAVE MADE OUR DECISION, WE WILL… . -CLAUSE OF TIME-

NO MATTER HOW SORRY SHE FEELS, THE DAMAGE…. -CLAUSE OF CONCESSION-

WE ARRIVED AT THE CINEMA EARLY, SO AS NOT TO MISS…. -CLAUSE OF PURPOSE-

I WAS WORKING SO HARD THAT I FORGOT … -SIMPLE SENTENCE (comparative clause in AdvP)-


SHE BEHAVES AS IF SHE WERE THE OWNER OF THE PLACE. -ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF COMPARISON-

IN CAS I DIDN’T HAVE THE CHANCE TO SEE HER AGAIN, I SAID… -CONDITION-

THE CHILDREN CAN STAY HERE PROVIDING THEY DON’T MAKE ANY NOISE

THE CHILDREN CAN STAY HERE UNLESS THEY MAKE NOISE

-CONDITION-


RETURNS

WOULD BE

HAD BECOME

STOOD WOULD SEE

WOULD BE

HAD LISTENED WOULD BE

HAD BEEN WEARING

WOULDN’T HAVE DROWNED

PAGE 175 – exercise 18 (a-d)

EVEN THOUGH MR ELKINS IS 94, HE IS STILL GOING STRONG. concession

IN SPITE OF/DESPITE THE FACT THAT HARRY WAS WELL QUALIFIED FOR THE JOB, HE DIDN’T GET IT. concession

ALTHOUGH I’VE BEEN WITHOUT A CAR FOR MOST OF MY LIFE, I’VE ALWAYS MANAGED. concession

EVEN THOUGH/ALTHOUGH SOME PERSONAL INFORMATION MAY BE NECESSARY, I WON’T GIVE IT. concession

PAGE 176 – exercise 18 (e-h)

ALTHOUGH I DON’T MIND FILLING IN THE FORM, I OBJECT.... concession

IF THEY UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM, THEY WILL FIND.... condition

WE WOULDN’T HAVE COME FROM OUR HOLIDAY EARLY, IF WE HADN’T RUN OUT OF MONEY. condition

I WILL LET YOU KEEP…, PROVIDING THAT YOU LOOK AFTER IT. condition

PAGE 176 – exercise 18 (i-k)

I’LL TELL YOU WHAT HAPPENED AS LONG AS YOU DON’T TELL ANYONE ELSE. condition

I WOULDN’T HAVE HAD AN ACCIDNET, IF I HAD BEEN WATCHING THE ROAD. condition

IF YOUR SHOULD (WAS TO/WERE TO) BECOME PRESIDENT, WHAT WOULD (WILL) YOU DO? condition


SHOULD ANYTHING STRANGE HAPPEN, LET ME KNOW.

HADN’T YOU TOLD ME, I WOULD NEVER HAVE BELIEVED IT.

HAD HE LISTENED TO MY ADVICE, HE WOULD BE A RICH MAN NOW.

SHOULD YOU INVITE THEM, MARY WILL BE ANGRY WITH YOU.

WERE I IN YOUR SHOES, I WOULDN’T WORRY LIKE THAT.

WORKBOOK: PAGE 162 (TENSE IN SUBORDINATE CLAUSES)


PAGE 176 – exercise 20 (a-d)

He treats me as though we hadn’t met.

You will be free to go out as soon as you have finished (finish) your homework.

I can hardly wait until I am 18.

I will leave a message for you, in case I AM out when you phone.

PAGE 177 – exercise 20 (e-g)

If he said such a thing to the boss, he’ll be in trouble.

I shall let my house while I am away.

She dances so beautifully as if she had been taking dancing lessons.


IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT HE MAKE UP HIS MIND…

IT IS A SHAME THAT SOME PEOPLE SHOULD BE …

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SUGGESTED A NEW PLAN BE/SHOULD BE MADE.

THE CRUCIAL THING IS THAT EVERYONE VOTE ON SUNDAY.

WORKBOOK: PAGE 158 (TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF CONDITION)


PAGE 174 – exercise 15, part I

HYPOTHETICAL: Da imam (Kada bih imao) više novca, ne bih sedeo ovde.

OPEN: Imaćeš problema, ako (ukoliko) je ona otišla kući.

HYPOTHETICAL: Da sam na odmoru (Kada bih bio …), obilazio bih Italiju.

OPEN: Moraš odmah da pojuriš za njom, ako je nema.

HYPOTHETICAL: Da se vozimo brodom (Kada bismo se...), bio bih mnogo srećniji.

PAGE 174 – exercise 15, part II (a-f)

OPEN: If you said that, you are going to have problems (you’ll be in trouble).

HYPOTHETICAL: You would understand everything, if you listened carefully.

HYPOTHETICAL: He would have arrived on time, if he had caught the 8 o’clock train.

OPEN: You can stay with us, if you (will) change .

OPEN: If he caught the 8 o’clock train, he should (will) be here on time.

HYPOTHETICAL: If went on that trip, I would go with you.

HYPOTHETICAL: He would arrive on time, if he had caught the 8 o’clock train.

PAGE 174 – exercise 15, part II (g-i)

g. Išli bismo na pecanje da ne pada kiša.______________________________________________________HYPOTHETICAL: We would go fishing if it were not raining.

HYPOTHETICAL: I would have accepted the proposal if I had been in your shoes.

OPEN: If he has been a good student up to now, he is still going to be one.

THE END

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Complex Sentence