Complete Application Manual.pdf

7/29/2019 Complete Application Manual.pdf

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I nstal lat i oM A N U A

SEC O N D ED I T I O

4757 TilePlant Road, P.O. Box 69

NewLexington, Ohio 43764

phone: (800) 945-TILE

fax: (740) 342-5229

http://www.ludowici.com

uality Brand of CertainTeed Corporation

LRT-249


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C L A Y

T I L E

R O O F I N G

has been in existence for centuries.

In the last few decades, clay tile

roof installation techniques have

been refined to protect your home

while retaining the aesthetic,

of-the-earth characteristics that

make up the roofs appeal.

The purpose of this manual is to

provide technical information and

installation instructions for

Ludowici clay tiles. It is intended to

serve as a guide for proper

techniques for typical installations.

Ludowici clay tile is a versatile roofing

material and can be applied on complex,

original design roofs. Installers are

encouraged to contact Ludowici

representatives for any question not

covered in this manual. Some

techniques may vary from region to

region and other sound installation

techniques may also be acceptable.

of-the-earth


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S e c t i o n I : Ludowici Roofing Ti le. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1. Composition, Materials, and Special Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2. Types of Clay Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

3. Standard Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

S e c t i o n 2 : Before Getting Started. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1. Roof Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2. Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43. Roof Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4. Underlayment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5. Fastening Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

6. Assemble All Tools and Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

7. Storage, Handling, and Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

8. Range of Tones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

9. Color Blending with Different Color Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

10. Snowguards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

S e c t i o n 3 : Preparing the Roof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

1. Inspecting the Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2. Installing the Underlayment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

3. Ice Dam Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4. Measuring and Chalking the Roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5. Applying Cant Strips, Wood Nailers, and Battens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

6. Tile Distribution Over Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

7. Cutting, Notching, and Drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

S e c t i o n 4 : Installing the Flashing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

1. Eave Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

2. Rake Edge Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

3. Flashing at Valleys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

4. Flashing at Vertical Walls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

5. Flashing at Open Valley at Main Roof to Dormer Juncture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6. Flashing at Chimney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267. Additional Flashing Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

S e c t i o n 5 : Flat Shingle Tile Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

1. Tile Cant Strips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2. Hip and Ridge Stringers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

3. Under Eave Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

4. First and Succeeding Courses of Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

5. Points to Remember During Field Tile Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

6. Valley Tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

7. Ridge and Hip Tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

8. Vertical Wall Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

9. Accessory Pieces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

S e c t i o n 6 : Interlocking Ti le Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39


2. Under Eave Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

3. First and Succeeding Courses of Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

4. Points to Remember During Field Tile Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5. Valley Tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42



8. Celadon Ceramic Slate Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51


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S e c t i o n 7 : French Interlocking Profi le Ti le Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

1. French Interlocking Profile Tile Cant Strips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53



4. Points to Remember During Tile Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

5. Valley Tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56



S e c t i o n 8 : Spanish Tile (S-Ti le) Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

1. End Band Nailer Strips (Stringers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62


3. Eave Closure Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63


5. Top FixtureTile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63


7. Valley Tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64


9. Hip Tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65


S e c t i o n 9 : Pan and Cover (M ission) Tile Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

1. Nailer Strips (Stringers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69


3. Eave Closure Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70



6. Top FixtureTile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

7. Valley Tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72



S e c t i o n 1 0 : Tower Tile Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

1. Preparing the Tower Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

2. Installing the Underlayment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

3. Measuring and Chalking the Tower Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

4. Applying Wood Stringers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

5. Installing the Tower Tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

S e c t i o n 1 1 : Special Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

1. Alpine Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

2. Tropical Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

S e c t i o n 1 2 : Problem Spots and How to Avoid Them. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

1. Wind Uplift at Eaves and Rakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

2. Ridge Cement, Underlayment and Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

3. Broken Tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

S e c t i o n 1 3 : Self Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87


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Ludowi ci Roofi ng Ti le

Pan and Cover Tile(also called barrelor mission) is installed in pairs of

pieces, either straight or tapered,with one laid concave and the otherconvex. Pan and cover tiles come ina variety of styles, with overlappingfeatures for a tight fit. Ludowiciproduces several styles of pan andcover tiles, includingGreek, I talian,Roman, Palm Beach, Straight Barrel

Mission, and Tapered Mission Tile.

One-Piece Spanish Ti le (S-Tile)islaid in a single thickness with acourse-to-course overlap. Ludowiciproduces several styles of S-tile.Most popular are the 13 1/4 and18 3/8Spanish Ti le.

Tower Tile. Ludowici producesthe unique, tapered tile, installedlike pan and cover tile, designedfor tower (radial) applications.

Types of Clay Tile

Flat Shingle Ti le(non-interlockingflat or shingle) is designed to

be laid in a double thickness,similar to wood shakes and slate.Ludowici produces several styles of flattile, includingCalais, Georgian,Norman, Provincial, Antique,

Brittany, Colonial, Crude, and

Flat Slab shingles.

Interlocking Ti leis laid in a singlethickness with only a 3

course-to-course overlap. The sidesare interlocked with channels or ribs.The heads (top of tile) and butts(bottom of tile) may also interlock.Ludowici produces several styles ofinterlocking tile, includingAmericana, Ameri cana XL,

Classic, Classic XL, Celadon,

Lanai, Lanai XL, Wi ll iamsburg,

Wi lli amsburg XL, and Imperi al.

Interlocking Profi le Ti le. Like flatinterlocking tile, this tile is laid in asingle thickness with course-to-courseoverlap and side interlocks. Thereinforcing ribs add strength andreduce the weight of this tile.Ludowici producesFrench Tileinthis type.

Composition, Materials, and Special Characteristics

Ludowici tile is manufactured from select Southeastern Ohio shale and fire clays. After mixing, the clay isextruded and pressed into shape. Glazing is applied and then the tile is kiln fired. The tile is incombustiblewith an extremely low moisture absorption rate, averaging 1%. All Ludowici clay roof tiles have a highbreaking strength and meet or exceed the Grade 1 requirements of ASTM C 1167-96. Ti les are available inunglazed or a multitude of clay red, fire-flashed, designer or custom-glazed colors.

Figure 1.1

Flat Slab Tile

Figure 1.2

Interlocking Flat Tile

Figure 1.4

Pan and Cover Tile

Figure 1.5

S-Tile

Figure 1.3

Interlocking Profile Tile

Figure 1.6

Tower Tile

1

2


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Standard Fittings

The following fittings are examples of those usuallyrequired for the perimeter of the roof.

An Eave Closure or Under Eave Fitting at the eave End Bands, Gable Rakes and Top Fixtures Flat Shingle Short Top, Long Top and

Header Course Ridge, Closed-Ridge End, Ridge/Hip Terminal

at the ridge Ridge/Hip Terminal, Hip Roll, Hip Starter

2

In addition to the standard fittings, Ludowici produces a variety of ornamentaland functional fittings. Some of these are:

Eave Fittings closed eave, beveled eave Gable Fittings flared gable tile and deep flange gable rake Ridge Fittings ventilating ridge, ridge cut-off, deck mould raised flange,

ridge angle, ridge tee, ridge cross, ornamental gable terminal, ornamentalridge/hip terminal

Hip Fittings chamfered cut hip, ornamental hip starter, bonnet hip plates Valley Fittings closed valley and cut valley Cone apex or hip convergence finial

Figure 1.7 Eave Closure

(Straight Barrel Mission Tile)

Figure 1.8 Under Eave Fitting

(Interlocking)

Figure 1.10 End Band

(Interlocking)

Figure 1.9 End Band (Spanish) Figure 1.11 Right Gable Rake

(Interlocking)

Figure 1.13 V-Hip and RidgeFigure 1.12 Top Fixture (Spanish) Figure 1.14 206 Ridge

Figure 1.16 102 Hip RollFigure 1.15

118 & 211 Hip & Ridge Terminal

Figure 1.17 CC Hip Starter

(Used with Circular Cover)

Figure 1.18

Flower & Leaf (Ornamental)

Hip Starter (End View)

Note: Not all fittings are shown.3


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Before Gett i ng Started

Roof Slope

Ludowici Roof Tile recommended minimum sloperequirements are 3:12, 4:12, or 5:12, depending onstyle (see Chart 2.1). No clay tile roofs are to beinstalled below a roof slope of 3:12.

There is no maximum slope requirement for tileroofs (except Tower Tile with a maximum of 18:12).However, on extremely steep (above 19:12) orvertical applications, wind current may cause thetiles to rattle. To avoid this, set the butt of each tilewith a bead of sealant where it will not be seen.

Wind clips placed under each tile should be usedwith the sealants. See Silicone SealantRecommendations on Page 8.

Chart 2.1:

Recommended Minimum* Slope Requi rements

Tile Name Slope

Flat Shingle Ti les**

Antique 5:12

Brittany 5:12

Calais 5:12

Colonial 5:12

Crude 5:12

Flat Slab Shingle 5:12

Georgian 5:12

Norman 5:12

Provincial 5:12

Interlocking Ti les

Americana, Americana XL 3:12

Celadon 3:12

Classic, Classic XL 3:12

Imperial 3:12

Lanai, Lanai XL 3:12

Will iamsburg, Will iamsburg XL 3:12

Interlocking Profi le Ti les

French 3:12

S-Tiles**Spanish 13 1/4 and 18 3/8 4:12

Pan and Cover Ti les**

Greek 4:12

Italian 5:12

Palm Beach 5:12

Roman 4:12

Straight Barrel Mission 5:12

14 1/4, 16 and 18 3/8

Tapered Mission 5:12

Tower Ti les*** 3:12

IMPORTANT:

On low pi tches, from 3:12 to the standard

recommended product minimums, i t is required to

apply a self-adhering modifi ed bi tumen membrane

or waterproofi ng underlayment, such as CertainTeed

WinterGuard, on the ent i re deck. Adequate

venti lati on will be required.

*For standard underlayment installation.**These tile types can be reduced to 3:12 by using

waterproofing underlayment (see Important box).***Requires waterproofing membrane for all roof slopes.

Note: For technical questions not answered inthis publication, please contact ourTechnical Service Department at(800) 945-TILE (8453).

1


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4

Chart 2.2:

Average Weight of Tiles per Square (M aximum Exposure)

Tile Name Average Weight Piecesper Square (lbs.) per Square

Flat Shingle Ti les

Antique 1,650 412

Brittany 1,900 412Calais 1,600 317

Colonial 1,800 310

Crude 1,935 480

Flat Slab 3/8 1,300 4805/8 1,780 480

Georgian 1,600 276

Norman 1,600 317

Provincial 1,575 317

Interlocking Ti les

Americana, Americana XL 800, 750 158, 109

Celadon 660 109Classic, Classic XL 800, 750 158, 109

Imperial 860 129

Lanai, Lanai XL 800, 750 158, 109

Williamsburg,

Williamsburg XL 800, 750 158, 109


French 1,025 133

S-Tiles

Spanish 13 1/4 900 171

18 3/8 800 114

Pan and Cover Ti lesGreek 1,550 240

Italian 945-1,340* 156-260

Palm Beach 1,100 163

Roman 1,550 240

Straight Barrel Mission 1,165-1,250* 163-225

Tapered Mission 1,230-1,300* 212-246

Tower Ti les

Provided upon request - is specific to tower system

Weight

Proper roof framing is required to carry theweight of a tile roof. The weight of one square(100 sq. ft.) of tile will range from 600 poundsto over 1,900 pounds (see Chart 2.2). Theweight of the roof tile is determined by thetype and size of the tile, and the exposure ofeach course of tile. Reducing the exposure ofthe tile will increase the roof load.

The weight of the underlayment, fasteningsystem, roof accessories, and trim tile alsoneeds to be considered when determiningthe total weight. Check dead load allowancesof the applicable local building code.

It is recommended that the structural designof the roof be evaluated by a registered

engineer to determine that it can support theload and most building codes require theengineering review. Getting a written letterof approval is suggested and may be requiredby local building codes.

If the installation is in a region of seismicactivity or heavy wind load, local buildingcodes must be consulted for additionalrequirements.

*Various possible weights, dependent upon tile size

and/or combination of pans and covers used. Pleaseconsult the factory or local sales representative foraverage weight. See Page 16 for specifics.

IMPORTANT:Weights of actual ti le may vary by +/- 10%

of the average weight. Structural loads

should be determined using the average

weight mult iplied by a factor of 1.10.

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Roof Deck

A design standard for roofing decks is to have a max-imum deflection of L/240 between supports. A deckwill be exposed to live and dead loads. A live load isone that will only be exerting pressure on the roofdeck for a short time. Example: Snow or wind loads.A dead load is one that will exert a constant pressureto the roof deck ie., underlayments, tile and battens.

For Board Plank Deck:Well-seasoned plank board(1 full thickness, maximum 6 nominal width) thatis not prone to warping, cupping or twisting.

For Plywood Deck:APA rated plywood is requiredfor a minimum of3/4 thick wood decking and mustbe rated for structural use as roof sheathing. Theexpansion crack between panels shall be at least 1/16but no greater than 1/8. H-clips are to be used when

rafters are spaced greater than 16 on center, to holdthe side joints of the plywood together between sup-ports. Unsupported end joints must be blocked.

Fastener Pullout Resistance:Minimum average fas-tener pullout resistance for clay roofing tile is 180psi, with no single value less than 170 psi. Greaterpullout values may be required depending upon thepredicted aerodynamic moment expected for the tileshape, building shape, and the proximity to thecoastline. An engineer should be consulted to assurelocal building code compliance.

Concrete Decks:

Nailable Concrete Decks Nailable concrete decksover time may loose their plastic nature, whichallows direct nailing. For old decking material, apullout test should be performed to determine theusefulness of the deck, and the appropriate fastener.An engineer should be consulted to assure localbuilding code compliance.

Non-Nailable Concrete Decks For concrete decks

that will not accept direct nailing, nailer boards arerequired. Attachment strips that allow the tile to befastened to them should be pressure treated wood.These may be a board and batten system or pressuretreated wood strips that can be embedded into theconcrete deck during construction (discussedfurther on page 12). Other means of attachingtile to a concrete deck include wire-tie systems andexpanding nail-in anchors.

Note: Ludowici does not recommend applying tileover spaced board sheathing or open battens.

3

IMPORTANT:


recommended product minimums, or in regions

where ice dams may occur, i t is requi red to apply

a self-adhering modi fi ed bi tumen membrane or

waterproofi ng underlayment , such as CertainTeed

WinterGuard, on the ent ire deck. Adequate

venti lat ion wi ll be required.

In regions where ice dams may occur, the water-

proof underlayment should be extended a

minimum of 24 upslope from the inside of the

interi or wall li ne of the building directly to the

roof deck. (Fur ther clar i fi cati on found on Page

13, I ce Dam Protection.)

Underlayment

Most problems with water-shedding roof installa-tions occur from water that migrates through the

joints of the tiles through capillary action, wind-driven rain, and runoff or ice damming. Becauseof this possibility, the underlayment is critical tothe success of the roof.

Ludowici recommends the following for minimumunderlayment:

All decks shall be covered with two layers of No.30 asphalt-impregnated roofing felt or one layerof No. 43 coated base sheet.

All hips, valleys and ridges shall be coveredwith a waterproof underlayment, example:self-adhesive modified bitumen membrane or

two layers of No. 43 coated base sheet.

Note: Roofing felt should meet or exceedASTM standards D226/D2626.

CAUTION:Solvent-based flashing cement or caulking(sealant)must not come into contact with abitumen membrane in order to preventdamage to the membrane.

4


12/101

6

Fastening Methods

Attachment requirements and fastener length by tiletype are referenced in Chart 2.3.

Nai ls or Screws. Nails are the most commonly usedfastener for attaching clay tiles. Nails for tiles and cleatsmust be copper, 11-gauge minimum, 3/8 head

minimum and proper length to give good penetration.Screws must be stainless steel or brass, #8 or #9 with aminimum 3/8 diameter head.

Figure 2.2 Wind Clip

Figure 2.1 Proper Nailing Techniques for Plywood Deck

Tile

Underlayment

Plywood

Roof Deck

Wind or

Storm Clip

IMPORTANT:Do not instal l the recommended fastener ti ghtl yagainst the ti le due to the risk of breakage frominstal lati on and deck movement. The ti le shouldhang fr om the fastener.

Wire. On non-nailable surfaces or some insulateddecks or where fastening through the metal flash-

ing needs to be avoided or if underlayment can-not be penetrated, such as special low slope appli-cations, wire and strapping systems are sometimesused. Wire must be solid copper, 16 gauge, withor without insulation. Wire-tieing is also usuallyspecified in areas prone to earthquakes. Consultthe manufacturer of these types of systems forspecific design and installation.

Clips. Wind clips are often specified and/orrequired in high wind and seismic areas. They aidin holding the tiles in place and reduce stress at

the preliminary fastening point (see Figure 2.2).Refer to local building codes in such areas.

Bedding Ti le. Where freeze/thaw cycles are not anissue, tile may be laid in a full or partial bed ofmortar. This method is best used in combinationwith other means of attachment.

Foam Adhesive.This method of application isapproved for use in South Florida and is being testedfor use in other areas. Refer to local building codes.See Tropical Conditions on Page 84 for more details.

Improperl y Dri venProperl y Dr iven

Driven straight,

good penetration

Not driven far enough,

inadequate deck penetration

Driven too tightly, cracking

or breaking the tile

Note: Each field tile is provided with (2) twofastening nail holes. When installing field tiles,

care should be taken to fasten each tile withnails or screws in every provided fastening hole.

For a plywood deck, use ring shank copper nailsof the specified length to assure good penetrationthrough under side of deck (see Figure 2.1).

For board plank deck, use smooth shank copper nailsof the specified length. Fasteners should penetrate deckboard 3/4. Do not penetrate underside of deck.

For gypsum plank or nailable concrete deck, usestainless steel or silicon bronze screw shank nails of

length to penetrate half to three-quarters the thicknessof the deck. Never penetrate underside of deck.

When insulation is applied over the deck, observe thefollowing: Minimum slope (per style) to 6:12 the tile can be

nailed through underlayment and insulation intothe deck with a sufficient length fastener.

On 6:12 or greater, a tile-tie system should be used.

For metal decks, use sheet metal screws and theproper mastic.

For fibrous cement decks, use a tile-tie system.

Note: In high wind regions, install each tile with#8 or #9 brass flathead phillips or squaredrive screws and/or use wind clips. Wind

clips and sealants may be required by thelocal building codes.

Note: When using stainless steel screws, tilereplacement will require the use of a hacksaw to remove the screws. A slate rippermay be used with copper or brass fasteners.

5


13/101

**Alpine conditions are defined as climactic areasthat experience frequent heavy winter snowfallintermittent with strong solar radiation commonto high altitude geography. (See Alpine Conditions

on Page 83 for more details.)

TileType Fastener Length Quik-Tach Brackets HurricaneClips

For Field Tile For Hip For Ridge

Flat Shingle Tiles

Flat Slab Shingle3/8 Boards: 11/2 2 Header Course: 11/2 Type C* N/A

Plywood: 1 3/4 V-Type: 21/2

Flat Slab Shingle5/8 Boards: 1 3/4 2 Header Course: 11/2 Type C* N/A

Plywood: 2 V-Type: 21/2

Antique, Brittany, Calais, Boards: 11/2 2 Header Course: 11/2 Type C* N/A

Crude, Colonial, Georgian, Plywood: 13/4 V-Type: 21/2

Norman, Provincial

Interlocking Ti les

Americana, Americana XL Boards: 13/4 2 2 1/2 Type C On Eave: 3/4

Classic, Classic XL, Plywood: 2 Above Eave: 11/4

Lanai, Lanai XL,

Williamsburg, Williamsburg XL

Celadon Boards: 1 3/4 2 2 1/2 Type C 1 1/4

Plywood: 2

Imperial Boards: 13

/4 2 21

/2 Type C 11

/4Plywood: 2


French Boards: 2 2 2 1/2 Not Required 1 3/4

Plywood: 2 1/2

S-Tiles

Spanish Boards: 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 Type B On Eave: 3/4

131/4, 18 3/8 Plywood: 1 3/4 Type D (18 3/8) Above Eave: 25/16

Pan & Cover Tiles For Cover For Panwith Stringer

Palm Beach & Plywood: 1 3/4 Type D (remaining)

Straight Barrel Mission

141/4, 16, 183/8, 2 Boards: 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 Type B (141/4) Wind Locks16 Tapered Mission 2 Boards: 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 Type D Wind Locks

Plywood: 1 3/4

Chart 2.3:Attachment Requi rements

IMPORTANT:

Before applicati on of Ludowici clay ti les in

alpine** conditions, plans must be submi tted to

the Ludowici Technical Department for approval.

Ludowici wi ll not assume any liabil i ty or respon-

sibi li ty for damage caused by the applicati on ofclay ti le in alpine condi ti ons.

*Type C brackets must be cut or bent for these tile patterns.


14/101

8

Assemble All Tools and Supplies

The following tools are needed for basic

installation of clay roofs:

safety equipment as required by OSHA and

other local and state agencies

rule or tape masons trowel and bucket

chalk line and chalk

4 diamond-tipped turbo blade on angle grinder

claw hammer

protective eyewear/dust mask

chipping hammer

caulking gun

felt knife

sheet metal shears

roof jacks

slate ripper segmented diamond blade (8 to10 diameter)

wet tub saw

tile nippers

marking pencil

sharp steel punch

battery-operated, clutch-driven drill

(with extra batteries)

carbide spear point glass drill bits

small steel roller

In addition to tools, the following materials

are needed:

Flashing: use a minimum weight of 16 oz. copper,

at least 24 wide, with 1/4 edge turned over and

fastened with cleats for valleys. Under special

circumstances, such as unusual exposure to high

wind or heavy snow, this flashing weight shouldbe increased. Lighter weight copper flashings are

undesirable because they can puncture too easily

and they will not provide the wear-life required

for a long-life roof system.

Underlayment: two layers of No. 30 asphalt-

impregnated roofing felt or one layer of No. 43

coated base sheet, doubled on rough surfaces, hips,

valleys, and ridges, or one layer of self-adhesive

modified bitumen membrane such as

WinterGuard

. See WinterGuard ApplicationInstructions, Page 9.

Plastic cement: plastic cement for gable rakes,

hip rolls, ridges, stringers, and other conditions

should be non-running, heavy-body flashing

cement composed of mineral ingredients to meet

the requirements of ASTM D-4586.

Cant strips, wood nailers, and field tile nailer

strips: all should be foundation grade wood.

Mortar and mortar color to match tiles: Ludowici

defines mortar as one part Portland cement and

four parts sand (to ASTM specification C-270).

Silicone sealant or adhesive: the recommended

sealant for exposed caulking is Dow Corning

790 Silicone Building Sealant or GE SilProof

(ASTM C-920, low modules). These sealants may

be used as hidden adhesives. NP1 or other

adhesives may be suitable as well, however, care

should be taken to select for maximum durabilityand also for compatibility with adjacent materials.

Some sealants are available in different colors to

match tiles.

Required fasteners.

IMPORTANT:

All roofing components should be selected to be

compati ble wi th the long service li fe of a

Ludowici roof.

IMPORTANT:

All roof work can be hazardous. Safety

requi rements are spelled out by OSHA and

individual state Occupational Safety and Health

Administration regulations. I t is the responsibili ty

of the installer to take all necessary precautions.

Contact the Occupati onal Safety and Health

Administration for complete information

regarding safe roofi ng practices.

6


15/101

7 Storage, Handling, and Inspection

Field tile is generally shipped in pallets, and fittingsin boxes. Upon receipt of shipment, the pallets andboxes should be examined for possible damage intransit and, if any, should be noted on the shippingpapers and a claim must be filed promptly againstthe delivering carrier. Ludowici Roof Tile willprovide information and assist you in the properfiling of a damage claim. Remember, however, thatprompt inspection of incoming merchandise isalways important as damage claims will not behonored by the carriers if they are not filed promptly.

The pallets and boxes of tile should be placed in alevel, safe place away from traffic and constructionactivity. Pallets of tile must not be stacked on top ofeach other.

If any problems are identified, notify LudowiciRoof Tile immediately. Do NOT install any of thetiles. Once the tiles are installed, they are consideredsuitable for use and will not be replaced except perthe terms of Ludowicis warranty.

Range of Tones

Colors within a given shipment of Ludowici clayroof tile will vary slightly due to subtle changes in

clay composition and kiln firing temperatures. Suchcolor variances are not a defect but a natural desirablefeature that gives roofs depth and character.

The person responsible for the blending of theshades of color should randomly select tiles fromat least three different pallets. This blending willensure a proper blend to provide a harmoniouscolor roof without blotches or streaks.

After the installation of about 75-100 tiles, the roofshould be inspected from the ground at a distance

greater than 40 feet to determine that there are nostreaks or blotches. To ensure a good range of tones,this inspection must be done at regular intervals.

WinterGuard Application Instructions

Appli cati on (Peel and Stick)

WinterGuard can be applied in any length

convenient to the applicator. First, align unrolled

material with lower edge of roof and hold in place.

Lift starting end of material (approximately 1 foot),

peel back and fold under at least 6of both sheets ofprotective release film. Carefully return the exposed

adhesive surface to the deck and press firmly in

place. If, at lower temperatures, material does not

adhere immediately, tack in place mechanically.

Reroll material from the other end until the peeled

and folded back film is exposed. Beginning with the

folded back film, peel both sheets of the remaining

film from the roll, pulling parallel to the eave. Be

sure all material lays flat and is well adhered.

Alternatively, apply by the peel and flop methodutilizing the two-piece split sheet release film feature

to adhere longitudinal halves, one at a time. It is best

to cut the product into manageable lengths of about

12 feet when applying WinterGuard by this method.

The upper edge of WinterGuard must extend to a

point no less than 24 beyond the interior wall line

and, in areas of severe icing, at least up to the highest

water level expected to occur from ice dams. In

order to ensure waterproofing, overlap all sides and

ends 6 , press overlaps firmly with a roller, and off-

set end laps 2 feet from course to course.

Valleys, Ridges and H ips

In the valleys, the width of the material must be

36 minimum, and on the ridges and hips, 12

minimum. Cut WinterGuard to convenient pre-

measured lengths (4-6 feet recommended). Peel off

the release film and drape the sheet into place

allowing the membrane to locate and adhere in the

valley center line or ridge peak first, working out-ward toward the edges. In valleys, start the applica-

tion at the low point and work upwards. To ensure

waterproofing, overlap all sheets 6 at lap joints. Do

not use WinterGuard as a permanent weathering

surface (such as in open valleys).

CAUTION:Solvent-based flashing cement or caulking(sealant)must not come into contact with abitumen membrane in order to preventdamage to the membrane.

8


16/101

10

9

Figure 2.4 Snowguard with Interlocking Tile

Color Blending with DifferentColor Tile

Blending different tile colors can provide a uniqueand aesthetically pleasing roof.

Make a drawing to detail the layout and to help

determine the proper number of tiles of each color.

In order to maintain the correct color blend, pulltiles from the different pallets of each color. Premixthese piles in the desired percentage and load theroof one square at a time. This will provide evendistribution.

After the installation of about 75-100 tiles, the roofshould be inspected from the ground at a distancegreater than 40 feet to determine that there are nostreaks or blotches. To ensure a good color blend,

this inspection must be done at regular intervals.

Note: It may be helpful to lay the tile blend outon the ground so the installer has a visualexample. Make one person responsible forthe ongoing and end result of the blending.Complete information on color is availablein LudowicisGuide to Color.

Figure 2.3 Recommended Snowguard Spacing

A snowguard must be made of nonferrous materialto prevent possible rust stains. Many styles areavailable (see Figure 2.4).

10 Snowguards

Snowguards are generally required in areas wheresnow and ice may accumulate on the roof. Snow-guards are sometimes used on sloped roofs to preventa mass of snow or ice from sliding off the roofs andinjuring persons, damaging gutters or plants, andblocking walks and driveways. Snowguards hold thesnow in place above the eaves until it can melt andthe water runs off.

It is recommended that snowguards should beinstalled on at least 3 or 4 courses, offset fromcourse to course, spaced in staggered interval rows.Begin with the third or fourth row. However,spacing and quantity of snowguards is a matterof judgement based on local weather conditions(see Figure 2.3).

Alpine conditions will require a professional engi-neer to design the required snow retainage system.Tile should not be exposed to ice and snow loadsexceeding 100 pounds per square foot.


17/101

Prepari ng the Roof

Figure 3.1 Ice Dam Protection and Single Sheet Underlayment

Plies of Waterproof Underlayment Material

Installed Up to a Point 24 as Required Inside the

Exterior Wall Line of Building to Provide an Ice

Dam Protection Membrane

Succeeding Courses of No. 43 Coated

Base Sheet Underlayment to be 36

Wide (After Meeting Minimum

Requirements for Ice Damming)

Wood De

Backnail Sheet

2

36

Note: All Dimensions are Approximate

Inspecting the Deck

Ensure that the roof deck is clean, smooth, anddry before roof tiles are applied.

Verify that there is no significant delamination,warpage, bowing, or separation from the raftersor trusses. Check for deck rot.

If deck is APA 3/4 rated plywood, check thatpanels are spaced approximately 1/16 to amaximum of 1/8 apart for expansion and H-clipsare used between supports when the rafter spacingexceeds 16 O.C. Unsupported end joints mustbe blocked.

Make repairs to the deck as necessary.

Note: Prior to applying any roofing material, allcontractor work above the roofline mustbe completed.

Installing the Underlayment

Most problems with water-shedding roof installationsoccur from water that migrates through the jointsof the tiles through capillary action, wind-drivenrain, and runoff or ice damming. Because of thispossibility, the underlayment is critical to the successof the roof.

As a minimum, all decks must be covered with twolayers of No. 30 asphalt-impregnated roofing felt orone layer of No. 43 coated base sheet.

Note: Underlayment materials must be coveredwith tile as soon as possible to preventdegradation from exposure.

IMPORTANT:


recommended product minimums, or in regions

where ice dams may occur, i t is requi red to apply

a self-adhering modified bi tumen membrane or

waterproof underlayment , such as CertainTeed

WinterGuardon the ent i re deck. Adequate

venti lation wi ll be required.

In regions where ice dams may occur, the water-

proof underlayment should be extended a

minimum of 24 upslope from the inside of the

interi or wall li ne of the building directly to the

roof deck.

If wood cant strips and nailers are nailed directly to the

deck, they must be covered with waterproof underlay-ment. If nailed on the underlayment, they should bepressure treated wood.

For single layer of No. 43 coated base sheet:

Lay base sheet parallel to eave. Side lap 2 andend lap 6 .

1

2

36


18/101

12

Figure 3.2 Application of Double Layer Felt Underlayment

Optional:2 Starter Felt Setin Vertical GradeAsphalt Cementon Metal

Backnail Sheets Wood Deck

No. 30 Asphalt-saturateFelt Starter Course Covewith Asphalt Cement

Note: All dimensions are approximate

2 side lap

1936

First and Succeeding Coursesof Underlayment to be 36 Wide and Lapped 19

17

For double layer, foll ow these steps:

1. First apply a 19 starter sheet parallel to eave.Backnail sheets with corrosion resistant,11-gauge, 3/8 head standard roofing nails,sufficient to hold the felts in place.

2. Then completely cover the starter sheet with a

full-width sheet.

3. Lap succeeding sheets 19 over the precedingsheets, leaving a 17 exposure (2 lap). End lapsshould be a minimum of 6 (see Figure 3.2).

Note: All roofing underlayment materials should becarried 6 up all vertical surfaces and 4 overgutter and valley metal.

Concrete Deck

If roof deck is poured concrete, embed pressuretreated 1 x 2 beveled wood strips, extending fromeave to ridge, spaced 20 O.C. Concrete must besmooth and flush. A concrete primer is recommendedespecially in those areas where waterproof underlay-ment will be used. Apply No. 43 coated base sheetand fasten with 3/8 x 1 1/2 lath nailed from eave to

ridgeatop embedded strips. Apply 1 x 2 woodstrips horizontally across lath spaced to accommo-date the correct tile exposure and proceed asdirected for a sheathed roof (see Figures 3.3 and 3.4).

Note: Where ice dam protection is required,install waterproof underlayment materialup to a point 24 inside the interior wallline of the building.

Figure 3.3 Batten System of Attachment for Concrete Deck

3/8 x 1 1/2Pressure TreatedWood LathCounter Battens

20

Center to Center

Nominal 1 x 2 Pressure TreatedWood BattensWaterproof

Underlayment

3/8 x 1 1/2Pressure Treated

Lath Nailer

No. 43Coated Base Sheet

Figure 3.4 Application of Batten System to Poured Concrete Roof Deck

20 O.C.Longitudinal Section Through Roof

Set to Tile Exposure

Cross Section Through Roof

1 x 2 Pressure TreatedBeveled Vertical

Strips

HorizontalPressure Treated

1 x 2 Wood BattenConcreteRoof Deck

HorizontalPressure Treated

1 x 2 Wood BattenConcreteRoof Deck


19/101

3 Ice Dam Protection

Ice dam protection is recommended in areas wherethe January mean temperature is 30 F or less andon all pitches below the standard minimums. Thisprotection must be installed wherever there is apossibility of ice forming along the eaves which willcause a back-up of water and may cause buildingand interior damage. Consider your local weatherconditions.

Apply self-adhering CertainTeed WinterGuard,or equivalent, directly to the deck according toapplication instructions provided with the product.WinterGuard must extend up the roof to a point atleast 24 beyond the interior wall line, and in areas ofsevere icing at least up to and above the highest waterlevel expected to occur from ice dams (see Figure 3.5).

Please note that the 24 point beyond the interior wallli ne is a minimum recommendation. WinterGuard

should be applied to all roof decking which past history

and professional experience suggest might be subject to

ice dam back-up. If considering using ice dam

protection on the entire surface of the roof deck, insure

that adequate venti lati on is present to prevent the

development of damaging condensation on the under-

side of the roof deck*.

If a wide eave overhang requires flashing widerthan 36 , the necessary 6 minimum horizontallap must be located on the overhang outsidethestructure walls. End laps must be a 6 minimum.Underlayment should meet ASTM D-1970.

Figure 3.5 Ice Dam Protection

WinterGuard Applied a Minimum 24

Beyond Interior Wall Line

CAUTION:

Solvent -based flashing cement must not come in

contact wi th CertainTeed WinterGuard or other

simi lar waterproofi ng underlayment, or damage

to the underlayment could occur.

*For complete information on attic ventilation,obtain The Principles of Attic Ventilation, copyright1997, or call 1-800-AIRVENT.

For more information on Alpine Conditions,obtain a copy ofThe Concrete and Interlocking TileRoof Design Criteria Manual for Snow and Ice Regions,

Leland E. Gi llan, P.E. & Terry Anderson, publishedby NTRMA/WSRCA or from your local Ludowicisales representative.


20/101

14

Measuring and Chalking the Roof

Layout and chalking the roof accurately are critical tothe roof s performance and appearance. If the eavesare straight and level, all horizontal lines must beparallel to the eaves, and all vertical lines must beperpendicular to the eaves. Check the roof deck todetermine if the deck is square prior to layout.

Step 1:Determine Width and Length Exposure

Clay tiles, depending on the style and profile, varyin exposure and recommended head lap (see Chart3.1). Pan and Cover styles begin with a full tile.Other types, such as flat and interlocking, aregenerally started with a half-width tile in orderto offset the joints.

Before chalking the roof, the installer should verify the

tile pattern being installed, and measure, notingaveragelength and width exposures of the tileshipped. The usual overhang at the eave is 2;however, this may be adjusted slightly toaccommodate full courses. Measure the roof fromeave to ridge to ascertain whether the final coursecan be a full length tile or if a short course needsto be cut.

Some tile styles may allow the head lap to beincreased over several courses to avoid cutting ashort course. The tile styles which do not allow thehead lap to be increased are Spanish, French, Greek,Roman, and tapered barrel mission tile.

Step 2:Chalking Verti cal Lines

Vertical lines are chalked first. In the case of a hiproof, the first line is struck in the center of the roofequidistant from each hip (see Figure 3.6). Theremaining vertical lines are then struck to the rightand left at intervals equal to youraverage widthexposure. Care must be taken to ensure that all

vertical lines are parallel to the water flow.

Figure 3.6 Chalking Vertical Lines to Guide Installation

Center Line of Eave

Vertical

Chalk Lines

Ridge Nailer

IMPORTANT:

The ti le dimensions can vary because of clay fi ring

temperatures. Be sure to measure actual ti les in

your shipment to determine their average width

and length dimensions, so you can chalk your roof

properly.

4


21/101

Step 3:Chalki ng Hori zontal Lines

Horizontal lines are struck after the vertical linesare struck.

For S-Tile, Pan and Cover Tile, and InterlockingProfile Tile, the first line will equal the average lengthof the tiles minus the overhang. For example, a tile

with an overall length of 16 minus a 2 overhangindicates the first line is to be 14 up from the eave.Successive lines are then struck at intervals equal toyouraverage length of exposure.

For Flat Shingle and Interlocking Tile, the first linewill equal the average length of the under eave tileminus the overhang, typically 2 (see Figure 3.7).

Length exposure of flat shingle tile is determinedby subtracting 2 from the tile length and then

dividing by 2. Example:15 length 2 triple head lap = 132 = 6 1/2 exposure.

Under Eave Course

For Flat Shingle Tile, the second line will equal theaverage length of the tile minus the overhang, laiddirectly over the under eave, then all successive lineswill also be chalked as previously described.

For Flat Shingle, Interlocking, and Straight BarrelMission Tile, your eave to ridge measurement maydetermine the average length exposure rather than

the size of the tile itself. For example, suppose theeave to ridge measurement is 105 1/2 and you wereusing Interlocking tiles (average length exposure of11 ). You might then determine to lay the first tileat an 11 exposure as usual, and 10 1/2 exposurefor each of the remaining nine courses. Here is thecalculation: eave to ridge measurement of 105 1/2minus 11 for the first course equals 94 1/2;therefore 94 1/2 divided by 9 equals 10 1/2.

Care must be taken to ensure that all horizontal

lines are perpendicular to the water flow.

Note: Measuring and chalking for a tower tileinstallation is unique and deserves specialattention please see Section 10, Page 80.

Equal to

Exposure

Equal to

Exposure

Plywood Roof Deck

2

Overhang

First Course

Tile Length Minus

Overhang

Figure 3.7 Typical Layout for Horizontal Lines

Vertical Fascia

Required WaterproofUnderlayment

16Oz. Sheet

Copper Formed Drip

Edge with 1/ 2 Hem


22/101

Tile Name Length Width Length Width Pieces/ Under Under AverageExposure Exposure Square Eave Eave Weight/

Length Width Square

Flat Shingle Ti les

Antique 12 7 5 7 412 7 7 1,650Brittany 12 7 5 7 412 7 7 1,900Calais 15 7 6 1/2 7 317 8 1/2 7 1,600

Colonial 14 5/8 7 3/8 6 5/16 7 3/8 310 8 5/16 7 3/8 1,800Crude 12 6 5 6 480 7 6 1,935Flat Slab Shingle 3/8 12 6 5 6 480 7 6 1,300

5/8 1,780Georgian 15 8 6 1/2 8 276 8 1/2 8 1,600Norman 15 7 6 1/2 7 317 8 1/2 7 1,600Provincial 15 7 6 1/2 7 317 8 1/2 7 1,575

Interlocking Ti les

Americana 14 9 11 8 1/4 158 4 5/8 12 800Americana XL 16 10 3/4 13 10 1/8 109 4 5/8 12 750Celadon 16 10 3/4 13 10 1/8 109 4 5/8 12 600Classic 14 9 11 8 1/4 158 4 5/8 12 800Classic XL 16 10 3/4 13 10 1/8 109 4 5/8 12 750Imperial 15 10 12 9 1/4 129 4 5/8 12 860Lanai 14 9 11 8 1/4 158 4 5/8 12 800Lanai XL 16 10 3/4 13 10 1/8 109 4 5/8 12 750Williamsburg 14 9 11 8 1/4 158 4 5/8 12 800Williamsburg XL 16 10 3/4 13 10 1/8 109 4 5/8 12 750

Interl ocking Profi le Ti les

French 16 1/4 9 13 3/8 8 1/8 133 NA NA 1,025

S-Tiles

Spanish 13 1/4 13 1/4 9 3/4 10 1/4 8 1/4 171 NA NA 90018 3/8 18 3/8 9 3/4 15 3/8 8 1/4 114 800

Pan and Cover T i les

16 Tapered Mission 16 P= 8 13 P= 31

/2 212 NA NA 1,230and Straight Barrel C*= 7 C*= 7Mission Pans CC = 10 1/216 Tapered 16 P*= 7 13 P= 2 246 NA NA 1,300Mission Cover C*= 7 C*= 7and Tapered Pans CC = 9Greek 12 3/4 P*= 9 3/4 10 P= 5 1/2 240 NA NA 1,550

C*= 6 1/2 C*= 6 1/2CC = 12

Roman 12 3/4 P*= 9 3/4 10 P= 5 1/2 240 NA NA 1,550C*= 6 1/2 C*= 6 1/2

CC = 12 Straight Barrel Mission 14 1/4 P= 8 11 1/4 P= 3 1/2 225 NA NA 1,250

C = 8 C = 8CC = 11 1/2

Straight Barrel Mission 16 P= 8 13 P= 3 1/2 192 NA NA 1,190C = 8 C = 8

CC = 11 1/2Straight Barrel Mission 18 3/8 P= 8 15 3/8 P= 3 1/2 163 NA NA 1,165

C = 8 C = 8CC = 11 1/2

Palm Beach 18 3/8 P= 8 15 3/8 P= 3 1/2 163 NA NA 1,100C*= 8 C*= 8

CC = 11 1/2

Italian Pan and Cover Note: Multiple combinations are possible. Please contact Ludowici Roof Tile for special instructions.

16

Chart 3.1:Average Length, Width, and Exposures of Ti le Styles

P= Pan (*Pan Measurement at Butt of Ti le) C = Cover (*Cover Measurement at Butt of Ti le) CC= Center to Center Dimensions

The average length and width exposures arebased on the usual sizes of these products.


23/101

Chart3

.2:

Gu

idel

ines

for

Hor

izon

talSpacingw

itha

2OverhangatE

aveusing

Stan

dar

dExposure

Lengt

hs

Char

t3

.2shou

ldbeuse

dasaguid

eline

todeterm

ine

horizon

talspac

ing,as

longas

Ludow

iciaverage

lengt

h

exposure

isbeinguse

d.

An

tique,B

rittany,

Calais,

Georg

ian,

Colon

ial

Amer

icana,C

lass

ic,

Cela

don,C

lass

ic,

Cru

de,

Norman,

Provincial

Lanai,

Williamsburg

Lanai,

Williamsburg

Span

ish

Course

FlatSlabShingles

XLSe

ries

131/4

1

83/8

1

10

13

125/8

12

14

111/4

1

63/8

2

15

191/2

1815/16

23

27

211/2

3

13/4

3

20

26

251/4

34

40

313/4

4

71/8

4

25

321/2

319/16

45

53

42

6

21/2

5

30

39

377/8

56

66

521/4

7

77/8

6

35

451/2

443/16

67

79

621/2

9

31/4

7

40

52

501/2

78

92

723/4

1085/8

8

45

581/2

5613/16

89

105

83

124

9

50

65

631/8

100

118

931/4

1393/8

10

55

711/2

697/16

111

131

1031/2

1543/4

11

65

78

753/4

122

144

1133/4

1701/8

French

16

Tapered

Mission

Palm

Beach

Greek,

Roman

Imperial

Stra

ightBarre

lMission

Course

Italian

16Lengt

h

with183/8SBMPan

s

141/4

16

183/8

1

14

14

163/8

103/4

13

121/4

14

163/8

2

273/8

27

313/4

203/4

25

231/2

27

313/4

3

403/4

40

471/8

303/4

37

343/4

40

471/8

4

541/8

53

621/2

403/4

49

46

53

621/2

5

671/2

66

777/8

503/4

61

571/4

66

777/8

6

807/8

79

931/4

603/4

73

681/2

79

931/4

7

941/4

92

1085/8

703/4

85

793/4

92

1085/8

8

1075/8

105

124

803/4

97

91

105

124

9

121

118

1393/8

903/4

109

1021/4

118

1393/8

10

1343/8

131

1543/4

1003/4

121

1131/2

131

1543/4

11

1473/4

144

1701/8

1103/4

133

1243/4

144

1701/8

IMPORT

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imensionscanvary

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tures.B

esure

tomeasureac

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iles

inyour

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ine

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idthan

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hdimensions,soyoucanchalk

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Americana,


24/101

5

18

Applying Cant Strips, Wood Nailers,and Battens

After lining the roof, wood stringers for ridges andhips, cant strips at eaves, and battens as field tilenailer strips (required for certain patterns) areapplied. The heights of the stringers, battens and

cant strips are determined by the tile pattern, andthe type of fittings to be used.

Cant Str ips

Method 1:Apply a properly sized cant strip (seeChart 3.3) 48 long and pressure treated directlyto the underlayment, with 1/2 gap every 48 toallow drainage.

Method 2:Apply a properly sized cant strip (seeChart 3.3) directly to the wood sheathing. Cover

with copper flashing drip edge and underlayment(see Figure 3.8).

Method 3:Some tile patterns do not require theuse of a cant strip. These tiles are laid with an undereave fitting, eave closure or copper flashing dripedge with underlayment (see Figure 3.9).

For flat shingle tiles only, both the cant strip andan under eave fitting are used.

Tile Name Height of Cant Strip

Flat Shingle Tiles

Flat Slab Shingle3/8 3/4 x 2 + Under EaveFlat Slab Shingle5/8 1 x 2 + Under EaveCalais, Antique 1 x 2 + Under Eave

Georgian, Brittany 1 x 2 + Under EaveNorman, Crude 1 x 2 + Under EaveProvincial, Colonial 1 x 2 + Under Eave

Interl ocking Ti les

Americana,Americana XL Under EaveCeladon 1 x 2 Classic, Classic XL Under EaveImperial Under EaveLanai, Lanai XL Under EaveWilliamsburg,

Williamsburg XL Under EaveInterlocking Profi le Ti les

French 1 1/2 x 2

S-Tiles

Spanish - 13 1/4, 18 3/8 Eave Closure

Pan and Cover Ti les

Greek, Roman Eave ClosureItalian Eave ClosurePalm Beach Eave ClosureRoman Eave Closure

Straight Barrel Mission Eave ClosureTapered Mission Eave Closure

Tower Ti les Eave Closure

Chart 3.3:Proper Sizing for Cant Str ips

Figure 3.9 Under Eave Fitting for Starter Course

Example of Interlocking Tile

Waterproof

UnderlaymentRoof Deck Raised Edge

16 Oz. Copper

Perimeter Flashing

Waterproof

Underlayment

Roof DeckUnder Eave Fitting

Extended Edge

16 Oz. Copper

Perimeter Flashing

Figure 3.8 Cant Strip for Starter Course

Example of Flat Shingle Tile

Under Eave

Fitting

First Course

Second Course

Pressure Treated

1 X 2 Cant Strip

First Course

Vertical Fascia Vertical Fascia


25/101

6

Wood Nailers and Str ingers

All wood stringers applied before the underlaymentis applied to the roof deck must be covered withtwo layers of coated base sheet or a self-adhesivemodified bitumen membrane. Stringers appliedover the underlayment must be pressure treatedand foundation grade wood. The sizes for stringers

vary with tile type. Wood stringers must be aminimum of 1 1/2 thickness and of proper heightto carry hip and ridge pieces.

Specification for proper sizing of ridge stringers, hipstringers, and wood nailing strips (battens) for endbands, and field tile for covers will be addressed inthe tile installation sections which follow.

Tile Distribution Over Deck

After all roof preparation has been completed, the tilesare evenly distributed on the roof, if pitch permits.

Note: Stacking distribution will depend on thenumber of tiles per square and the numberof tiles per stack.

Spacing of the tiles is determined by the width of theexposed tile times the number of courses being fed

per stack. If the tiles are stacked 8 high and the tileexposure is 10 and the stack feeds 2 courses, thenthe stacks would be placed 40 O.C.

Tile stacks normally start at the third course from theeave and continue with alternate courses.

The important aspect of tile loading is to evenlyspread the load across the roof using the properspacing to assure the proper amount of tile is loadedon the roof.

Remember to utilize the color blending instructions(see Page 9).

Figure 3.10 Distribution of Tile Over Roof

Stac

of T

Thir

WARNING:

Roof Loaded Tile Dur ing Severe Weather

It i s possible that strong winds could l i ft ti les off

the piles and send them flying off the roof, resulting

in injury to persons or damage to nearby property.

If t i les have been pre-loaded onto the roof deck

and strong winds or severe storms are predi cted,

remove the ti les and place them on ground level.

If t i les have not yet been loaded, then i t is

recommended not to do so unti l the threat of

bad weather has disappeared.

Pre-loading the roof deck wi th ti les pri or to

start ing the actual installation wi ll provideconvenience and faster installati on, but should

only be done if weather conditi ons permi t. Use

common sense so that you do not become liable

for damage or personal injury.

WARNING:

Do not leave stacked t i les on the roof for extended

periods of time. The concent rated load can begin

to slide on the heated underlayment sheet. This

sliding could cause injur y to persons or damage to

nearby property.


26/101

20

Cutting, Notching, and Drilling

Cutting

Tiles should be cut wet on the job with a masonryor tile saw equipped with a diamond blade.Segmented blades will be the most efficient. Slightsurface chipping will occur during the cuttingoperation. The sliding saw table and tub should beas large as possible to accommodate cutting thetiles diagonally.

Ludowici tiles are extremely hard, which providesthe tiles with low moisture absorption. Dry cutting

techniques used on softer tile products will not workas fast with these hard tile. Dry cutting with a goodsegmented turbo diamond blade ispossible. Bestresults have been obtained using a 4 diamondtipped segmented blade mounted on a small rightangle grinder motor.

Notching

One time saving option to drilling through the tilesis to notch it with the small 4 diamond blade sawand then nail or wire in place. If using a field tile forthe starter course or ridge, dovetail notches are cut.Make sure cuts are wide enough for nail or screw(see Figure 3.11).

Dri l l ing

Additional nail holes may also be drilled if necessary.High torque electric drills may snap the carbide bitsin the extremely hard Ludowici tile. Drills should bebattery-powered, adjustable clutch-driven types. Todrill out holes, the tile should be set in a pan with

water to extend bit life and avoid the risk of eyeinjury due to fragments. Expect to drill only about6 holes per carbide bit.

Figure 3.11 Ridge and/ or Under Eave Course Notched and Fastened

Nail or Screw

WARNING:

Always use protective eye and face wear when

operating a masonry saw.

WARNING:

Dry dri ll ing may result in serious eye injury.

Always use protecti ve eye and face wear when

dri lli ng ti le.

Never use 115-240 volt AC-operated dr i lls in

water. Electrical shock could resul t.

Note: Unnecessary cutting and drilling time canadd substantial cost to the job. Carefullyconsider tile layout before starting the workto minimize cutting and drilling.

7


27/101

I nstal l i ng the Flashi ng

Eave Flashing

Where eave metal flashing is used, it should be

formed using a minimum of 16 oz. sheet copperwith a drip edge along the bottom to allow waterto drip off the edge of the roof. See Figure 4.1.

Figure 4.1 Perimeter Flashing with Cant Strips

16 Oz. Copper

Extended Edge

Perimeter Flashing

16 Oz. Copper

Extended Edge

Perimeter Flashing

2 Pressure Treated

Wood Cant Strip2 Pressure Treated

Wood Cant Strip

Roof Deck Roof Deck

Rake Edge Flashing

Usually rake edge flashing is NOT specified sinceLudowici has specific rake tiles to finish the gablerakes. I f a rake edge flashing is required, a formed,16 oz. or heavier copper flashing should be installedto serve as a drip edge and as a finished edge.

The gable flashing is to be installed over the water-proof underlayment. The flashing must extend 5 onto the deck and must have a 1/2 hemmed edge(see Figure 4.2). At the edge of the roof deck, theflashing is to extend up (perpendicular to the deck)

2 and back down at least 5 1/2 along the gablefascia board with a 1/2 crimp at the bottom edge toserve as a drip edge. Thegable flashing pieces are tolap each other to form an overlap of at least 4 .

Figure 4.2 Metal Rake Edge

End Band

Shingle Tile

16 Oz. Copper

Gable Flashing/ Rake

Drip Edge

WinterGuard

or Waterproof

Underlayment

No. 43 Coated

Base Sheet

IMPORTANT:

Where roofs intersect other roofs, parapet walls,chimneys, venti lators, vent pipes and simi lar

projections, flashings are requi red. There is a

natural weakness at these intersecti ons and

properly instal led flashings are requi red to make

the intersecti on waterti ght. Contracti on and

expansion due to temperature changes contribute

to the weakness, so it is extremely important to

correctly design and i nstall the fl ashings and to

use durable fl ashing material (a minimum of

16 oz. sheet copper is recommended).

General fl ashing details are shown in this section

but many more exist for each part icular si tuati on

which cannot be covered in the context of this ti le

installat ion manual. Proper flashing instal lat ions

are cri ti cal for a waterti ght roof.

1/2

Hemmed

Edge

21

2

WinterGuard

or Waterproof

Underlayment

WinterGuard

or Waterproof

Underlayment

2 Copp

Cleat

Vertical Fascia

Vertical Fascia

Vertical Fascia


28/101

22

Lap Copper

Flashing 8

Ridge

Waterproof

Underlayment

16 Oz. Copper ValleyMetal Formed fromApproximately 24 W ideMetal. Minimum 4

Extension Under Tile

Lap Self-AdhesiveModified BitumenMembrane12 Minimum Overlapin Valley

2 Copper Cleat8-24 ApartBend Clip OverNail Head

Figure 4.3 Typical Open Valley Flashing for Pan and Cover Tiles

Flashing at Valleys

Valleys, since they collect the water runoff fromthe portions of the roof sloping into them, areparticularly prone to water migration and leak-age. A clear and unobstructed pathway for quickwater drainage is essential in valleys. There aretwo basic types of valleys in tile roof installation:open and closed valleys.

Open Valleys

In an open valley construction the tiles are heldback from the center of the valley to expose thecopper flashing. The advantage of an open valleyis that it permits unobstructed drainage. Openvalleys are recommended in areas withsurrounding foliage where the leaves, needles,and other debris can fall on the roof and

potentially slow or block the runoff of waterfrom the roof (see Figures 4.3 and 4.5).

The valley metal is to be secured with approvedfasteners. At no time are nails to be placed in thearea of the valley that will be carrying water.

Figure 4.5

Cross Section Showing Valley Flashing on Wood Roof Base

16 Oz./ Sq. Ft.

Copper Flashing

Copper

Cleat

Roof DeckWinterGuard or

WaterproofUnderlayment

Figure 4.4 Typical Open Valley Flashing for Shingle Tile

2 Copper Clips

8 -24 Apart.

Bend Clip Over

Nail Head.

Lap Self-Adhesive

Bitumen Membrane

12 Minimum Overlap

in Valley

16 Oz. Copper Valley

Metal Formed from

Approximately 24 Wide

Metal. Minimum 4

Extension Under Tile.

Lap Copper Flashing

8 Minimum.

Copper

Cleat

Valley Tile Valley Tile

Copper Cleat

Nail

Minimum 16 Oz.

Copper Sheet Flashing

WinterGuard orWaterproof

Underlayment

Minimum of 6

Exposed Width at

Top of Valley

Water Diverter

12

3

Covered Fasteners for

Bottom Valley Metal

3 MinimumOpening at Top

of Valley

IMPORTANT:

Metal exposure wi dth shall increase 1 for every

8 feet of valley run towards the eave.


29/101

IMPORTANT:

Fasteners must never penetrate valley flashings.

Cut valley tiles must be notched (existing holes can

also be used) and wi red to fasteners driven into

the deck beyond the flashing (see Figure 4.8).

Closed Valleys

In a closed valley, the tiles from the adjoining roofare mitered and abutted. Since water migratesthrough a closed valley onto the sheet copper flashingwhich carries the runoff, this type of construction isconsidered decorative. Closed valleys should not beused where foliage debris can fall onto the roof.

Another area where it is strongly discouraged iswhere the rafter length or pitch varies on adjacentroof planes. It is important that correspondingcourses align coming into the valley.

Note: Underlayment for all valleys must be a fullwidth sheet (36 ) of two layers of No. 43coated base sheet or a layer of self-adhesivemodified bitumen membrane. Each coursefrom the adjoining fields must overlap thevalley underlayment by at least 12 .

All closed valleys should be step flashed with a 16 oz.copper sheet, at least 24 wide with a 1/2 edgeturned over and fastened with cleats. Joints shouldbe lapped at least 8 , but not soldered.

Figure 4.8 Typical Closed Mitered Valley for Flat Shingle Tile with Stepped Flashing

16 Oz. Copper

Valley Flashing

WinterGuard or

Waterproof

Underlayment

Do Not Nail Into

Copper Valley

16 Gauge

Solid Copper

Wire Without

Insulation

Valley Flashing Pieces

Should Extend Approximately

9 Beyond Both Sides

of Valley Center Line

Shingle

Field Tile

8 Lap for Copper

Valley Flashing

2 Copper Cleat -

Bend Clip Over

Nail Head

Figure 4.7 Section of a Closed Valley

Figure 4.6 Closed Valley Flashing Pattern

Using Standard Exposure

2 Minimum

16 oz.

Sheet Copper

Flashing

WinterGuard or

Waterproof

Underlayment

Celado

Ceramic S

Length of Tile

1/2 Hem

Folded Over

1

Shee

Roof Deck

Pressure Treated

Wood Cant

Strip

1

Shee

Dr

Vertic


30/101

24

Flashing at Vertical Walls

Two methods of flashing at vertical walls are typicallyused: step flashing and channel or pan flashing.Generally, step flashing is used with flat tiles andchannel flashing with pan and cover tiles.

Step Flashing

In the step method of flashing, individual 16 oz.sheet copper flashing is applied between each courseof tile. A minimum head lap of 3 must be providedfrom step flashing to step flashing. See Figure 4.9.

The following criteria should be used to determine the

appropriate size for step flashing:

1. The step flashings should have a minimum of3 overlap over each other.

2. The step flashing should extend up the verticalsurface a minimum of 4 and a minimum of2 overlap of the siding, cladding or coppercounterflashing.

3. The step flashing should extend a minimumof 5 onto the roof so that there is at least a5 overlap of the underlying tile.

4. The flashing should be at least 16 oz. sheet copper.

Figure 4.9 Copper Step Flashing with Flat Shingle Tile

Siding/

Cladding

Air Retarder

or Felt

Siding/ CladdingServes as

Counterflashing aMinimum of 2

Above Roof Surface


ExtendingUp Side Wall

16 Oz. Sheet

Copper Step

Flashing

Tile

Channel or Pan Flashing

Channel or pan flashing, used with profile tiles, isdesigned to extend under the tiles rather than beinginterwoven between courses. See Figure 4.10.

The following procedures are used to install channel

or pan flashing:

1. Waterproof underlayment should extended 6 up the vertical wall.

2. The copper flashings vertical flange shouldextend approximately 4 up the wall.

3. Each length of copper channel flashing shouldextend a minimum of 8 over the underlyinglength of copper channel flashing.

4. The copper flashing channel should extend aminimum of 3 under the tile.

5. The copper flashing should be fastened throughthe vertical flange, near the upper portion atapproximately 12 on center. (The flashingchannel should not be penetrated with fastenerssince it is acting as a gutter.)

6. The wall underlayment and the siding or claddingshould be brought down a minimum of 2 overthe upper portion of the vertical flange.

Figure 4.10 Channel Flashing with Pan and Cover Tile

16 Oz. Sheet

Copper Channel

Flashing

5

Minimum

6 Vertical

Minimum

3MinimumOverlap

6MinimumAboveRoofing

3 Minimum

Under Tile

Fastener

16 Oz. Sheet

Copper VerticalFlange Extending

Up Side Wall

1/2 Hemmed

Edge

Waterproof Underlayment

Extending Up Side Wall

Minimum1/2 Leg

4


31/101

Figure 4.11 Open Valley at Main Roof to Dormer

Juncture with Flat Shingle Tile

Flashing at Open Valley at Main Roofto Dormer Juncture

For flashing where an open valley occurs at theintersection of a dormer roof and the main roof, thefollowing steps should be taken.

1. The main roof tiles should be installed to justabove the lower end of the valley, where thevalley and the main roof intersect. Along theroof/wall juncture, step or channel flashingmust be used and the last tile in the courseshould fit closely against the wall of the dormer.See Figure 4.11.

2. The bottom end of the copper valley flashingshould be cut so that it extends 1/2 below thedown-slope edge of the dormer roof deck at thebottom of the valley. This lower cut edge should

project a minimum of 2 below the intersectionof the dormer and main roof.

Dormer Roof

First Course

Shingle

Under Eave Tile

Dormer Siding

Copper

Step Flashing

Copper

Counter Flashing

4 MinimumCopper Apron

Flashing

Copper

Valley

Approximately

24 Wide2 Minimum

Extension

Step

Flashing

2 Extension

5

1/2 Minimum

Extension


32/101

26

Flashing at Chimney

Since the foundations of chimneys are usuallystructurally separate, the flashing around chimneysneeds to be able to accommodate movement fromdifferential settlement without compromising thewatertightness of the roof. Regardless of the climate,install WinterGuard or self-adhesive modified bitu-men membrane around the base of the chimneybefore the underlayment is applied as a protectionagainst ice dams. Four types of flashing are requiredto properly flash around chimneys.

1. Apron flashing at the downslope face over theinstalled tiles 4 minimum exposed width,6 up the face of the chimney and continuouslycounterflashed.

2. Step flashing (for flat tiles) or channel flashing

(for profile tiles) along the sides of the chimney.Use the details from Figures 4.9 or 4.10, Page 24.

3. Cricket or backer flashing on the upslope sideor back.

4. Continuous counterflashing embedded inmasonry joints.

Counterflashing

Sheet copper counterflashing should be installed tooverlap all vertical flashing flanges extended up thesides of chimneys. This is best accomplished by themason during construction. See Figure 4.12.

Figure 4.12 Chimney Flashing with Shingle Tile

16 Oz. Copper Upslope

Cricket Flashing

16 Oz.Copper

Counterflashing

16 Oz. Copper Step Flashing

Apron Flashing with

Hemmed Drip Edge

Figure 4.13 Chimney Flashing with Mission Tile

16 Oz. Coppe

Channel

Flashing

Soft Metal Apron Flashing

with Sufficient Length for Forming

Over Tile Contours

16 Oz. Copper Upslope

Cricket Flashing

16 Oz.Copper

Counterflashing

Figure 4.14 Examples of Counterflashing in Mortar Joint

Continuous CounterflashingEmbedded in Mortar Joint

16 Oz. Copper Counterflashing

16 Oz. Copper Channel Flashing

Cover Tile


Masonry

Chimney

Note: A cricket is required to direct water runoffaround the upslope side of the chimney.

Roof Deck

4 16 Oz. Copper

Apron Flashing

6 Minimum

16 Oz. Copper

Vertical Flange

Flashing

4 16 Oz. Copper

Apron Flashing

6 Minimum

16 Oz. Copper

Vertical Flange

Flashing

6

Pan Tile


33/101

Additional Flashing Details

Plumbing pipe vents and stacks, skylights,roof-to-roof transition, and other penetrationsall require special flashing.

Figure 4.15 Flashing at Skylights

Integral

Counterflashing

with Hemmed

Drip Edge

4 Minimum

16 Oz. Copper

Apron Flashing

with Lower Edge

Hemmed Under

16 Oz. Copper Backflashing

Extends Upslope Under Tiles

Approximately 24

Waterproof

Underlayment

Turned Up at Curb

16 Oz. Copper

Counterflashing

Figure 4.16 Pipe Penetration Flashing for Shingle Tile

16 Oz. Copper Sheet or

Soft Metal Flashing

Extended Upslope to Achieve3 Head Lap

WinterGuard or

Waterproof

Underlayment

Roll Top of Flashing into

Pipe or Cap with FormedSoft Metal Cap

Soldered

Flashing Sleeve

Raised Curb 16 Oz. Copper Step Flashing

Figure 4.17 Pipe Penetration Flashing for Spanish Tiles

Soil Pipe

Through Roof

Soldered

Flashing Sleeve

(Copper or Lead)

Roll Top of Flashing

Into Pipe or Cap with

Formed, Soft Metal

PrimaryFlashing Sleeve

Install with

Sealant

Metal Flashing

Extended Upslope toAchieve a 3 Head Lap

WinterGuard or

Waterproof

Underlayment

Roof Deck

7


34/101

28

Figure 4.18 Flashing at High Slope to Low Slope (for Interlocking Tile)

GAMBRELTransition

16 Oz. Copper Flashing(Angles Change

According to Roof Slope)

Waterproof

Underlayment

Copper Cleat

1 x 2Pressure TreatedWood Cant Strip

16 Oz. Sheet Copper

Flashing Metal

Field Tile

Sealant

WinterGuard orWaterproof

Underlayment

Field Tile

Figure 4.19 Flashing at Low Slope to High Slope (for Interlocking Tile)

Figure 4.20 Flashing to Curved Rafter (for Interlocking Tile)

Waterproof

Underlayment

16 Oz.Copper Cleat

Sealant

Field Tile

16 Oz. Sheet CopperFlashing Metal


Field Tile

Under Eave Tile

16 Oz. SheetCopperDrip Edge

HIGH TO LOW SLOPETransition Copper Flashing(Angles Change According

to Roof Slope)

16 Oz. Sheet Copper Flashing

Sealant

Sealant

OptionalPressure TreatedWood Cant Strip

Sealant

1 x 2Pressure TreatedWood Cant Strip

WaterproofUnderlayment16 Oz.CopperCleat

16 Oz. SheetCopper

Drip Edge

Sealant

Roof Deck

Sealant

Roof Deck

Under Eave Tile

Roof Deck

Vertical Fascia

Vertical Fascia


35/101

Flat Shingle Ti leInstal lat i on

IMPORTANT:

Before starti ng ti le installation, i t i s important that

the roofer understand how the Flat Shingle Ti le

pattern being installed relates to the roof design.

The following roof preparations must becompleted before installing any roof tile.For detailed information on these items refer to theprevious sections in this book or the NRCA Manualon Steep Roofing.

Install the flashings required for ensuring water-tightness:

Eave Flashing Rake Edge Flashing Valley Flashing Dormer and Sidewall Flashing, Skylight Flashing,

Chimney and Cricket Flashing Vent Flashing

Underlayment for the entire roof deck, includingtheappropriate waterproof underlaymentsrequired for all flashing and, where required, theice dam membrane

Roof surface chalked with vertical and horizontallines

Instructions Specific to

Installing Flat Shingle Tile

Tile Cant Strips

Cant strips for Ludowici Flat Shingle tile are requiredat the eave line together with the under eave tile toprovide the proper angle for the starter course (seeFigure 5.4, Page 32). The cant strip nominaldimensions should be per Chart 5.1 and a maxi-mum length of 48 . Cant strips are to be installedwith a 1/2 gap between the ends of the strips.

Nominal 2 WideTreated Wood

Ridge Stringer Long Top

Tile

Short Top

Tile

V-Ridge

Tile

Under Eave Tile Field Tile V-Hip Starter

Tile

Nominal 2 Wide

Treated Wood Hip Stringer

Waterproof

Underlayment

Cut Field Tile for Hip -

Left

Roof Deck

Waterproof

Underlayment

End Band

V - 2 Hip & 1 Ridge Terminal

(Starter)

Sealant

1


36/101

30

If the cant strip is installed directly to the wooddecking, refer to the Figure 5.2 for properinstallation details.

Chart 5.1:

Cant Str ip Nominal Dimensions When Using an Under Eave Ti le

Flat Shingle Tile Style Nominal Size of Cant Strip

Flat Slab Shingle 3/8 3/4 x 2Flat Slab Shingle 5/8 1 x 2

Antique, Brittany, Calais,

Colonial, Crude, Georgian, 1 x 2

Norman, and Provincial

If the cant strip is to be installed directly (on top) ofthe underlayment, they are to be pressure-treated,foundation-grade wood and installed to have a 1/2gap between the ends of the 48 long cant strips.

Figure 5.1Cant Strip Installed Directly to the

Underlayment Prior to Under Eave Fitting

Figure 5.2Cant Strip Installed Directly to the

Wood Deck Prior to Under Eave Fitting

16 Oz. Copper

Extended Edge

Perimeter Flashing

16 Oz. Copper

Raised Drip Edge

Flashing

Vertical Fascia Vertical Fascia

2 Pressure Treated

Cant Strip 2 Pressure Treated

Cant Strip

Roof Deck Roof Deck

WinterGuard or


Overlaps Flashing Flange

WinterGuard or


Overlaps Flashing Flange


37/101

Hip and Ridge Stringers

If the design requires Hip and Ridge tile, nominal2 wide wood stringers are required. All woodstringers should be pressure-treated, foundation-grade wood and should be covered with a 36 wide,self-adhesive modified bitumen membrane, such asCertainTeed WinterGuard, or 2 layers of No. 43coated base sheet. Consult Chart 5.2 to determinethe correct stringer height for V-Hip and Ridgeregular tile. Ridge roof pitches exceeding 14 riseto 12 run requ

Documents

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