Communication between Wireless Sensor Devices and GNU Radio

Gaurav KonchadySriram Sanka

Outline

• Wireless Sensor Networks• Motes• GNU Radio as Base-station• CC1000 RF Transceiver• IEEE 802.15.4 Standard• Block Diagram• Results

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Wireless Sensor Networks

• Network of Spatially distributed sensor devices

• Two tiered architecture• Sensor and Base-station nodes

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Types of Motes

• TelosB, MICA2 and MICAz to be used in project

• Motes programmed in TinyOS software platform

• Other OSs include SOS, Contiki, Mantis, etc.

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GNU Radio as Base-station

• Interoperability with heterogeneous motes• Wideband nature of USRP

enables multichannel communication

• Flexibility in selection of modulation scheme

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CC1000 RF Transceiver

• Frequency range: 300 – 1000 MHz• FSK modulation with 76.8 kBaud max• Manchester encoding• Integrated bit-synchronizer

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TinyOS CC1000 Frame Format

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• TinyOS and SOS CC1000 frame formats have different fields

• Requires changes in CC1000 modulator and demodulator blocks in GNU Radio

IEEE 802.15.4 Standard

• MAC and Physical layer protocol for short-distance, low-power, low-data-rate wireless communication

• 128 byte maximum MAC frame size• 2400 MHz to 2483.5 MHz frequency range• DSSS employing O-QPSK modulation

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TinyOS 802.15.4 T-frame

• T-frame differs from the original IEEE 802.15.4 frame format

• Requires modifications to 802.15.4 modulator and demodulator blocks in GNU Radio

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Project Setup

• MICA2 mote sends data to USRP (FLEX400)• USRP extracts payload from CC1000 frame• Payload inserted in an 802.15.4 T-frame• T-frame transmitted by USRP (RFX2400)• Packets received by TelosB mote

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Block Diagram

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FLEX400 CC1000 Demodulator

802.15.4 Modulator Packet Queue

Python Callback

Python send_pkt()

RFX2400

USRP

Goals Accomplished

• Detecting 802.15.4 frame on USRP using RFX2400 daughterboard

• MICA2 to USRP communication• TelosB to USRP communication• MICA2 to TelosB communication via USRP• Future work

TelosB to MICA2 communication via USRP

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Results

• MICA2 output

• USRP output

• TelosB base-station output

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References

1. IEEE 802.15.4-2006 standard, http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/802.15.html

2. Thomas Schmid, GNU Radio 802.15. 4 En-and Decoding, http://nesl.ee.ucla.edu/fw/thomas/thomas_project_report.pdf

3. TEP 125 – TinyOS 802.15.4 Frames, http://tinyos.cvs.sourceforge.net/*checkout*/tinyos/tinyos-2.x/doc/html/tep125.html

4. CC1000 datasheet, http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/siefast/nest/nest_webpage/datasheet/Chipcon%20-%20CC1000%20Data%20Sheet%20v2.1.pdf

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Thank you

Questions?

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